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Chowdhury A, Rao BSS, Laxmi TR. Saturated and poly-unsaturated fat-rich dietary supplements during adolescence restore risky decision-making behaviour in rats pre-exposed to early-life stress. Physiol Behav 2025; 292:114821. [PMID: 39862942 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that early-life stress (ELS) induced by early maternal separation and isolation (MS) stress during the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP) leads to increased curiosity-like and increased risky decision-making behaviour in adolescence. Evidence suggests that dietary interventions early in adolescence could play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour. Hence, the present study hypothesized that nutritional supplements such as saturated fat (SFA) and/or polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) would be beneficial in ameliorating the impact of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour when incorporated into the diet during early adolescence. NC and MS rats were subjected to the Risky Decision-Taking Task (RDTT) to assess the rats' ability to make decisions under risky conditions. The results showed that MS rats took less time to cross the risky zone to collect a large reward. However, when an SFA-rich and PUFA-rich diet was provided, the latency of the MS rats increased. Similarly, MS stress-induced reduction in risk assessment was restored to normal with the SFA and PUFA-rich diet. Risk-index (RI) values also showed a similar trend with reduced RI values in MS, but nutritional supplementation increased the RI values making it comparable to that NC. Correlation analysis has further revealed a direct correlation between the anxiety-like behaviour and the risk-taking tendency in MS rats and not in the NC group. SFA-rich diet led to a positive correlation between anxiety-like and risk-taking behaviour. These findings thus support the hypothesis that PUFA- and SFA-rich diet may be introduced at adolescence to mitigate MS-stress induced increased risky decision-making behaviour due to a deficit in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanti Chowdhury
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - T R Laxmi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560 029, India.
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Chia TY, Sadagopan NS, Miska J. Lipid peroxidation and immune activation: TRAF3's double-edged strategy against glioblastoma. J Clin Invest 2025; 135:e190471. [PMID: 40166928 PMCID: PMC11957689 DOI: 10.1172/jci190471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor, continues to defy therapeutic advances with its metabolic adaptability and resistance to treatment. In this issue of the JCI, Zeng et al. delve into a pivotal mechanism underpinning this adaptability. They identified an important role for TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in regulating lipid metabolism through its interaction with enoyl-CoA hydratase 1 (ECH1). These findings elucidate a unique signaling axis that shields GBM cells from lipid peroxidation and antitumor immunity, advancing therapeutic strategies for GBM that may also carry over to other cancers with similar metabolic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Chia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago Illinois, USA
| | - Nishanth S. Sadagopan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago Illinois, USA
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, and
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago Illinois, USA
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Fleming SA, Reyes SM, Donovan SM, Hernell O, Jiang R, Lönnerdal B, Neu J, Steinman L, Sørensen ES, West CE, Kleinman R, Wallingford JC. An expert panel on the adequacy of safety data and physiological roles of dietary bovine osteopontin in infancy. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1404303. [PMID: 38919388 PMCID: PMC11197938 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1404303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Human milk, due to its unique composition, is the optimal standard for infant nutrition. Osteopontin (OPN) is abundant in human milk but not bovine milk. The addition of bovine milk osteopontin (bmOPN) to formula may replicate OPN's concentration and function in human milk. To address safety concerns, we convened an expert panel to assess the adequacy of safety data and physiological roles of dietary bmOPN in infancy. The exposure of breastfed infants to human milk OPN (hmOPN) has been well-characterized and decreases markedly over the first 6 months of lactation. Dietary bmOPN is resistant to gastric and intestinal digestion, absorbed and cleared from circulation within 8-24 h, and represents a small portion (<5%) of total plasma OPN. Label studies on hmOPN suggest that after 3 h, intact or digested OPN is absorbed into carcass (62%), small intestine (23%), stomach (5%), and small intestinal perfusate (4%), with <2% each found in the cecum, liver, brain, heart, and spleen. Although the results are heterogenous with respect to bmOPN's physiologic impact, no adverse impacts have been reported across growth, gastrointestinal, immune, or brain-related outcomes. Recombinant bovine and human forms demonstrate similar absorption in plasma as bmOPN, as well as effects on cognition and immunity. The panel recommended prioritization of trials measuring a comprehensive set of clinically relevant outcomes on immunity and cognition to confirm the safety of bmOPN over that of further research on its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. This review offers expert consensus on the adequacy of data available to assess the safety of bmOPN for use in infant formula, aiding evidence-based decisions on the formulation of infant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sharon M. Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Olle Hernell
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rulan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Josef Neu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lawrence Steinman
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Interdepartmental Program in Immunology, Beckman Center for Molecular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Esben S. Sørensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christina E. West
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ronald Kleinman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Yamamoto Y. [Elucidation of the pathology of mental disorders focusing on polyunsaturated fatty acids and FABPs]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2024; 159:118-122. [PMID: 38432920 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential for brain development and function, and an imbalance of brain PUFAs is linked to mental disorders like autism and schizophrenia. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PUFAs on the brain remain largely unknown. Since they are insoluble in water, specific transporters like fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs), are required for transport and function of PUFAs within cells. We focused on the relationship between FABP-mediated homeostasis of brain PUFAs and neural plasticity. We found that FABP3, with a high affinity for n-6 PUFAs, is predominantly expressed in the GABAergic inhibitory interneurons of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the adult mouse brain. FABP3 knockout (KO) mice show increased GABA synthesis and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the ACC. We also found that FABP7 controls lipid raft function in astrocytes, and astrocytes lacking FABP7 exhibit changes in response to external stimuli. Furthermore, in FABP7 KO mice, dendritic protrusion formation in pyramidal neurons becomes abnormal, and we have reported a decrease in spine density and excitatory synaptic transmission. Here, we introduced recent advances in the understanding of the functions of PUFAs and FABPs in the brain, focusing especially on FABP3 and FABP7, in relation to human mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Yamamoto
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
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Munk Andreasen S, Frederiksen H, Bilenberg N, Andersson AM, Juul A, Kyhl HB, Kold Jensen T. Maternal concentrations of phthalates and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD-) related symptoms in children aged 2 to 4 years from Odense child cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108244. [PMID: 37797478 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are endocrine disrupting chemicals used in everyday consumer products. Several epidemiological studies have examined the association between prenatal phthalate concentration and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in offspring, but the findings have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between maternal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites during pregnancy and ADHD related symptoms in children at 2 to 4 years in a large prospective cohort. METHODS In the Odense Child Cohort from Denmark were women recruited in early pregnancy from 2010 to 2012. Phthalate concentrations were measured in urine samples collected in 3rd trimester and separated into low and high weight phthalates. Parents filled in the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5 to 5 years (CBCL/1½-5), including a 6-item ADHD symptom scale at children aged 2 to 4 years. Data were analysed by use of adjusted negative binomial regression. RESULTS A total of 658 mother-child pairs were included. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations were generally low compared to previous cohorts. A doubling in maternal concentration of the low-weighted phthalate metabolite MCPP was significantly associated with lower ADHD symptoms score in children (IRR: 0.95 (95 % CI 0.91-0.98)), strongest in girls (IRR: 0.92 (0.87-0.98)). Sex differences were observed. High maternal phthalate metabolite concentrations were associated with lower ADHD symptom score in girls, significant trends across tertile of MCPP and MnBP (p = 0.018, p = 0.038, respectively). In boys, maternal concentrations of high-molecular-weight phthalates (MBzP, ∑DiNP and ∑DEHP) were associated with an almost significantly higher ADHD symptom score (IRR for a doubling in concentration: 1.04 (95 % CI: 0.99-1.10), IRR: 1.05 (95 % CI: 0.97-1.13), IRR: 1.04 (95 % CI: 0.99-1.10), respectively). CONCLUSION Maternal concentration of the low-weighted phthalate metabolite MCPP was significantly associated with a lower ADHD symptom score in children, strongest in girls. Maternal concentrations of high-molecular-weight phthalates were associated with non-significant increase in ADHD symptom score in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Munk Andreasen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Odense, Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette Boye Kyhl
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; OPEN Patient data Explorative Network, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; OPEN Patient data Explorative Network, Odense, Denmark.
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Salcedo-Arellano MJ, Johnson MD, McLennan YA, Hwang YH, Juarez P, McBride EL, Pantoja AP, Durbin-Johnson B, Tassone F, Hagerman RJ, Martínez-Cerdeño V. Brain Metabolomics in Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS). Cells 2023; 12:2132. [PMID: 37681866 PMCID: PMC10487256 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The course of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) remains largely unknown. Previous proteomics and metabolomics studies conducted in blood samples collected from FMR1 premutation carriers with FXTAS reported abnormalities in energy metabolism, and precursors of gluconeogenesis showed significant changes in plasma expression levels in FMR1 premutation carriers who developed FXTAS. We conducted an analysis of postmortem human brain tissues from 44 donors, 25 brains with FXTAS, and 19 matched controls. We quantified the metabolite relative abundance in the inferior temporal gyrus and the cerebellum using untargeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics. We investigated how the metabolite type and abundance relate to the number of cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) repeats, to markers of neurodegeneration, and to the symptoms of FXTAS. A metabolomic analysis identified 191 primary metabolites, the data were log-transformed and normalized prior to the analysis, and the relative abundance was compared between the groups. The changes in the relative abundance of a set of metabolites were region-specific with some overlapping results; 22 metabolites showed alterations in the inferior temporal gyrus, while 21 showed differences in the cerebellum. The relative abundance of cytidine was decreased in the inferior temporal gyrus, and a lower abundance was found in the cases with larger CGG expansions; oleamide was significantly decreased in the cerebellum. The abundance of 11 metabolites was influenced by changes in the CGG repeat number. A histological evaluation found an association between the presence of microhemorrhages in the inferior temporal gyrus and a lower abundance of 2,5-dihydroxypyrazine. Our study identified alterations in the metabolites involved in the oxidative-stress response and bioenergetics in the brains of individuals with FXTAS. Significant changes in the abundance of cytidine and oleamide suggest their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for FXTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jimena Salcedo-Arellano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (F.T.); (R.J.H.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Michael D. Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Yingratana A. McLennan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Ye Hyun Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (Y.H.H.); (F.T.)
| | - Pablo Juarez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Erin Lucille McBride
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Adriana P. Pantoja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;
| | - Flora Tassone
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (F.T.); (R.J.H.); (V.M.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (Y.H.H.); (F.T.)
| | - Randi J. Hagerman
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (F.T.); (R.J.H.); (V.M.-C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;
| | - Verónica Martínez-Cerdeño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (F.T.); (R.J.H.); (V.M.-C.)
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.J.S.-A.); (M.D.J.); (Y.A.M.); (P.J.); (E.L.M.); (A.P.P.); (V.M.-C.)
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Salek M, Hosseini Hooshiar S, Salek M, Poorebrahimi M, Jafarnejad S. Omega-3 fatty acids: Current insights into mechanisms of action in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2023; 32:7-22. [PMID: 36433776 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221140724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the autoimmune diseases characterized by the lack of self-tolerance and the formation of immune complexes and nuclear autoantigens resulting in inflammation in multiple organs. Nowadays, the major aim of SLE therapy is the control of disease activity. However, the biological heterogeneity between patients and the absence of safe and specific targeted treatments complicate the lupus management. Therefore, the potential prophylactic effects of natural therapy considering the potential side effects of classical pharmacology, also the role of diet therapy in decreasing co-morbidities and improving quality of life in SLE patients could be a promising approach to SLE disease. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) are one of the agents that are considered for their preventive and therapeutic properties in disease activity of SLE and the related complications. The intake of omega-3 PUFAs likely has a direct relationship with improvements in inflammatory, cardiovascular, depressive, and neuromotor symptoms of the patients. The current review summarizes clinical and preclinical studies with comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of action of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus to provide an update on the negative and positive aspects of the intake of omega-3 FAs in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Salek
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, 440827Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hosseini Hooshiar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Salek
- Department of Medicine, 201564Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Poorebrahimi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Li M, Shi Q, Jiang X, Liu X, Han W, Fan X, Li P, Qi K. Paternal preconceptional diet enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affects offspring brain function in mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:969848. [PMID: 36386900 PMCID: PMC9650249 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.969848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that paternal nutrition prior to conception may determine offspring development and health through epigenetic modification. This study aims to investigate the effects of paternal supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on the brain development and function, and associated gene imprinting in the offspring. Three to four-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (founder) were fed with an n-3 PUFA-deficient diet (n-3 D), and two n-3 PUFA supplementation diets – a normal n-3 PUFA content diet (n-3 N) and a high n-3 PUFA content diet (n-3 H) for 12 weeks. Then they were mated to 10-week-old virgin female C57BL/6J mice to generate the offspring. The results showed that paternal n-3 PUFA supplementation in preconception reduced the anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, and improved sociability, learning and memory in the offspring, along with increased synaptic number, upregulated expressions of neuron specific enolase, myelin basic protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, and altered expressions of genes associated with mitochondria biogenesis, fusion, fission and autophagy. Furthermore, with paternal n-3 PUFA supplementation, the expression of imprinted gene Snrpn was downregulated both in testes of the founder mice and their offspring, but upregulated in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, with altered DNA methylation in its differentially methylated region. The data suggest that higher paternal intake of n-3 PUFAs in preconception may help to maintain optimal brain development and function in the offspring, and further raise the possibility of paternal nutritional intervention for mental health issues in subsequent generations.
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Abolghasemi A, Carullo MP, Aguilera EC, Laroui A, Plantefeve R, Rojas D, Benachenhou S, Ramírez MV, Proteau-Lemieux M, Lepage JF, Corbin F, Plourde M, Farez M, Cogram P, Çaku A. Alteration of Fatty Acid Profile in Fragile X Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810815. [PMID: 36142726 PMCID: PMC9502195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most prevalent monogenic cause of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Despite a common genetic etiology, the affected individuals display heterogenous metabolic abnormalities including hypocholesterolemia. Although changes in the metabolism of fatty acids (FAs) have been reported in various neuropsychiatric disorders, it has not been explored in humans with FXS. In this study, we investigated the FA profiles of two different groups: (1) an Argentinian group, including FXS individuals and age- and sex-matched controls, and (2) a French-Canadian group, including FXS individuals and their age- and sex-matched controls. Since phospholipid FAs are an indicator of medium-term diet and endogenous metabolism, we quantified the FA profile in plasma phospholipids using gas chromatography. Our results showed significantly lower levels in various plasma FAs including saturated, monosaturated, ω-6 polyunsaturated, and ω-3 polyunsaturated FAs in FXS individuals compared to the controls. A decrease in the EPA/ALA (eicosapentaenoic acid/alpha linoleic acid) ratio and an increase in the DPA/EPA (docosapentaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) ratio suggest an alteration associated with desaturase and elongase activity, respectively. We conclude that FXS individuals present an abnormal profile of FAs, specifically FAs belonging to the ω-3 family, that might open new avenues of treatment to improve core symptoms of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Abolghasemi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Maria Paulina Carullo
- Department of Child Neurology, Raúl Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires C1428AQK, Argentina
| | - Ester Cisneros Aguilera
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Departments of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
| | - Asma Laroui
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Rosalie Plantefeve
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Daniela Rojas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Serine Benachenhou
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - María Victoria Ramírez
- Department of Child Neurology, Raúl Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires C1428AQK, Argentina
| | - Mélodie Proteau-Lemieux
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-François Lepage
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - François Corbin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Departments of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
| | - Mauricio Farez
- Department of Child Neurology, Raúl Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires C1428AQK, Argentina
| | - Patricia Cogram
- Biomedicine Division, Centre for Systems Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation, Santiago 7500588, Chile
| | - Artuela Çaku
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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10
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Loinard-González A(AP, Malysheva OV, Klatt KC, Caudill MA. Genetic Variants in One-Carbon Metabolism and Their Effects on DHA Biomarkers in Pregnant Women: A Post-Hoc Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:3801. [PMID: 36145177 PMCID: PMC9506554 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) to the fetus is dependent on maternal one-carbon metabolism, as the latter supports the hepatic synthesis and export of a DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine molecule via the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) pathway. The following is a post-hoc analysis of a choline intervention study that sought to investigate whether common variants in one-carbon metabolizing genes associate with maternal and/or fetal blood biomarkers of DHA status. Pregnant women entering their second trimester were randomized to consume, until delivery, either 25 (n = 15) or 550 (n = 15) mg choline/d, and the effects of genetic variants in the PEMT, BHMT, MTHFD1, and MTHFR genes on DHA status were examined. Variant (vs. non-variant) maternal PEMT rs4646343 genotypes tended to have lower maternal RBC DHA (% total fatty acids) throughout gestation (6.9% vs. 7.4%; main effect, p = 0.08) and lower cord RBC DHA at delivery (7.6% vs. 8.4%; main effect, p = 0.09). Conversely, variant (vs. non-variant) maternal MTHFD1 rs2235226 genotypes exhibited higher cord RBC DHA (8.3% vs. 7.3%; main effect, p = 0.0003) and higher cord plasma DHA (55 vs. 41 μg/mL; main effect, p = 0.05). Genotype tended to interact with maternal choline intake (p < 0.1) to influence newborn DHA status for PEMT rs4646343 and PEMT rs7946. These data support the need to consider variants in one-carbon metabolic genes in studies assessing DHA status and requirements during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga V. Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Kevin C. Klatt
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Marie A. Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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11
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Nutrition influences nervous system development by regulating neural stem cell homeostasis. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Mao Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Hu J, Li Y. Effects of mono- and di-glycerides/phospholipids (MDG/PL) on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients in a protein-based emulsion system. Food Funct 2022; 13:8168-8178. [PMID: 35822541 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01190e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipophilic nutrients are known to have relatively poor absorption, thus limiting their bioaccessibility. Consequently, researchers in food and pharmaceutical areas are exploring different techniques to promote the efficient delivery of lipophilic nutrients. The effects of two polar lipids, namely mono-, di-glycerides (MDG) and lecithin (PL), on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients were investigated in this study with a protein-based emulsion model system. During the emulsion preparation and formation, the incorporation of MDG/PL was found to benefit the dissolution and stabilization of lipophilic nutrients, such as lutein, and could also modify the construction of the emulsion surface. An in vitro digestion study showed that the use of MDG/PL could significantly increase the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients [lutein, vitamin E, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] by 13.52%, 186.90%, and 36.17% in a protein-based emulsion system. The use of MDG and PL decreased the interfacial tension in all the samples: protein only 20.65 mN m-1, protein-PL 6.47 mN m-1, and protein-MDG/PL 4.23 mN m-1, as well as 12.11 mN m-1, 1.26 mN m-1 and 1.16 mN m-1 with the presence of bile salts. Caco-2 cell culture results showed that, with the application of MDG/PL, the absorption rate of micelles was higher than that in the other groups and this resulted in a 70% absorption increase for lutein. Therefore, MDG/PL can improve the lipophilic nutrient absorption via promoting the affinity of formed micelles to the enterocytes of the small intestine. This study exhibited the effectiveness of MDG/PL on improving the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients in a protein-based emulsion system mimicking the digestion and absorption fate of breast milk in an infant's gastric intestinal tract, thus suggesting that MDG/PL can be used as a technical pathway to improve the absorption of lipophilic nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyi Mao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Zhao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
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13
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Maternal supplementation of high-value PUFA-Rich Isochrysis sp. biomass prevents monosodium glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in first-generation Wistar rats. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Onaolapo OJ, Onaolapo AY. Nutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and schizophrenia: An association worthy of constant reassessment. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:8295-8311. [PMID: 34754840 PMCID: PMC8554424 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i28.8295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder that occurs worldwide, cutting across cultures, socioeconomic groups, and geographical barriers. Understanding the details of the neurochemical basis of schizophrenia, factors that contribute to it and possible measures for intervention are areas of ongoing research. However, what has become more evident is the fact that in targeting the neurochemical imbalances that may underlie schizophrenia, the type of response seen with currently available phamacotherapeutic agents does not provide all the answers that are needed. Therefore, the possible contribution of non-pharmacological approaches to schizophrenia management is worthy of consideration. In recent times, research is beginning to show nutrition may play a possibly significant role in schizophrenia, affecting its development, progression and management; however, while attempts had been made to examine this possible relationship from different angles, articles addressing it from a holistic point of view are not common. In this review, we examine existing scientific literature dealing with the possible relationship between nutrition and schizophrenia, with a view to elucidating the impact of diet, nutritional deficiencies and excesses on the aetiology, progression, management and outcome of schizophrenia. Secondly, the effect of nutritional supplements in prevention, as sole therapy, or adjuncts in schizophrenia management are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle James Onaolapo
- Behavioural Neuroscience/Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osun State 234, Nigeria
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15
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Watkins OC, Selvam P, Appukuttan Pillai R, Cracknell-Hazra VKB, Yong HEJ, Sharma N, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Wenk MR, Chan SY. Placental 13C-DHA metabolism and relationship with maternal BMI, glycemia and birthweight. Mol Med 2021; 27:84. [PMID: 34362294 PMCID: PMC8349043 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supply relies on preferential transplacental transfer, which is regulated by placental DHA lipid metabolism. Maternal hyperglycemia and obesity associate with higher birthweight and fetal DHA insufficiency but the role of placental DHA metabolism is unclear. METHODS Explants from 17 term placenta were incubated with 13C-labeled DHA for 48 h, at 5 or 10 mmol/L glucose treatment, and the production of 17 individual newly synthesized 13C-DHA labeled lipids quantified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS Maternal BMI positively associated with 13C-DHA-labeled diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, lysophospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens, while maternal fasting glycemia positively associated with five 13C-DHA triacylglycerols. In turn, 13C-DHA-labeled phospholipids and triacylglycerols positively associated with birthweight centile. In-vitro glucose treatment increased most 13C-DHA-lipids, but decreased 13C-DHA phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens. However, with increasing maternal BMI, the magnitude of the glucose treatment induced increase in 13C-DHA phosphatidylcholine and 13C-DHA lysophospholipids was curtailed, with further decline in 13C-DHA phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens. Conversely, with increasing birthweight centile glucose treatment induced increases in 13C-DHA triacylglycerols were exaggerated, while glucose treatment induced decreases in 13C-DHA phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were diminished. CONCLUSIONS Maternal BMI and glycemia increased the production of different placental DHA lipids implying impact on different metabolic pathways. Glucose-induced elevation in placental DHA metabolism is moderated with higher maternal BMI. In turn, findings of associations between many DHA lipids with birthweight suggest that BMI and glycemia promote fetal growth partly through changes in placental DHA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Victoria K B Cracknell-Hazra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Hannah E J Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne K Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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16
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LaBarre JL, Miller AL, Bauer KW, Burant CF, Lumeng JC. Early life stress exposure associated with reduced polyunsaturated-containing lipids in low-income children. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1310-1315. [PMID: 32492693 PMCID: PMC7710594 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosocial stress in early childhood is associated with adult obesity and cardiometabolic disease. The association of psychosocial stress with the metabolome in childhood is unknown. METHOD Low-income children (n = 28, mean age 1.8 years), recruited from the community, participated. Psychosocial stress was measured by diurnal salivary cortisol (cortisol intercept and slope) and by mother-reported chaos in the home using the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS). At mean age 6.1 years, anthropometry was collected and fasting metabolites measured using an untargeted metabolomics and shotgun lipidomics platform. RESULTS Cortisol slope was inversely associated with fatty acid (FA) 20:3, FA 20:4 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) metabolites. A higher CHAOS score was associated with lower very long-chain PUFA metabolites and a trend towards lower long-chain PUFA containing triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial stress in early childhood, measured with both biological markers and parent report, was associated with lower PUFAs later in childhood. Future work should examine potential mechanisms of association, including dietary intake or direct effects on polyunsaturated fatty acid levels or metabolism. IMPACT In this longitudinal study, the key message is that diurnal cortisol patterns and greater parent-reported psychosocial stress exposure in early childhood are associated with lower plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid containing lipids 5 years later, potentially indicating altered dietary intake or metabolism associated with psychosocial stress. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics can be used to assess changes in metabolism response to psychosocial stress. Stress exposure in early childhood may be associated with the future metabolome. Future work should examine potential pathways of association, including dietary intake and direct effects on metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. LaBarre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health
| | - Alison L. Miller
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan,,Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health
| | - Katherine W. Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,,Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan
| | - Charles F. Burant
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Julie C. Lumeng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,,Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan,,Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School
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17
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Rowell MK, Pillay N, Rymer TL. Problem Solving in Animals: Proposal for an Ontogenetic Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:866. [PMID: 33803609 PMCID: PMC8002912 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Problem solving, the act of overcoming an obstacle to obtain an incentive, has been studied in a wide variety of taxa, and is often based on simple strategies such as trial-and-error learning, instead of higher-order cognitive processes, such as insight. There are large variations in problem solving abilities between species, populations and individuals, and this variation could arise due to differences in development, and other intrinsic (genetic, neuroendocrine and aging) and extrinsic (environmental) factors. However, experimental studies investigating the ontogeny of problem solving are lacking. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of problem solving from an ontogenetic perspective. The focus is to highlight aspects of problem solving that have been overlooked in the current literature, and highlight why developmental influences of problem-solving ability are particularly important avenues for future investigation. We argue that the ultimate outcome of solving a problem is underpinned by interacting cognitive, physiological and behavioural components, all of which are affected by ontogenetic factors. We emphasise that, due to the large number of confounding ontogenetic influences, an individual-centric approach is important for a full understanding of the development of problem solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha K. Rowell
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, P. O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia;
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, James Cook University, P. O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Neville Pillay
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa;
| | - Tasmin L. Rymer
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, P. O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia;
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, James Cook University, P. O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa;
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18
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Yamamoto Y, Owada Y. Possible involvement of fatty acid binding proteins in psychiatric disorders. Anat Sci Int 2021; 96:333-342. [PMID: 33604770 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential for brain development and function. Increasing evidence has shown that an imbalance of PUFAs is associated with various human psychiatric disorders, including autism and schizophrenia. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of PUFAs on brain functions at cellular and molecular levels remain unclear. Since PUFAs are insoluble in water, specific transporters are required to deliver PUFAs to appropriate intracellular compartments. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), the cellular chaperones of PUFAs, are involved in PUFA intracellular trafficking, signal transduction, and gene transcription. Therefore, we focused on the relationship between FABP-regulated PUFA homeostasis in the brain and neuronal plasticity. The authors previously reported that FABP3, which preferentially binds to n-6 PUFAs, is strongly expressed in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) inhibitory interneurons of the adult mouse anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is a component of the limbic cortex and is important for the coordination of cognitive and emotional behaviors. Interestingly, Fabp3 KO mice show increased GABA synthesis and abnormal excitatory/inhibitory balance in the ACC. In addition, studies have indicated that FABP7, which preferentially binds to n-3 PUFAs, controls lipid raft function in astrocytes, and astrocytic Fabp7 deficiency results in an altered response of astrocytes to external stimuli. Furthermore, Fabp7 KO mice exhibit aberrant dendritic morphology, and decreased spine density and excitatory synaptic transmission in pyramidal neurons. This review summarizes relationship between PUFAs or FABPs and human psychiatric disorders and discusses recent progress in elucidating the function of FABPs, especially FABP3 and 7, in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. .,Department of Anatomy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Fukumuro Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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19
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Yao MY, Liu T, Zhang L, Wang MJ, Yang Y, Gao J. Role of ferroptosis in neurological diseases. Neurosci Lett 2021; 747:135614. [PMID: 33485988 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of nonapoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides which leads to oxidative stress and cell death. Recent studies have indicated that ferroptosis plays an essential role in the pathology of neurological diseases, such as intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and brain cancer. This review focuses on the latest researches on the relationship of ferroptosis with nervous system diseases, highlighting the ferroptosis-based mechanisms, and elaborating the new perspective therapeutic targets of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yi Yao
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Ming-Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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20
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Balakrishnan J, Kannan S, Govindasamy A. Structured form of DHA prevents neurodegenerative disorders: A better insight into the pathophysiology and the mechanism of DHA transport to the brain. Nutr Res 2020; 85:119-134. [PMID: 33482601 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is one of the most important fatty acids that plays a critical role in maintaining proper brain function and cognitive development. Deficiency of DHA leads to several neurodegenerative disorders and, therefore, dietary supplementations of these fatty acids are essential to maintain cognitive health. However, the complete picture of how DHA is incorporated into the brain is yet to be explored. In general, the de novo synthesis of DHA is poor, and targeting the brain with specific phospholipid carriers provides novel insights into the process of reduction of disease progression. Recent studies have suggested that compared to triacylglycerol form of DHA, esterified form of DHA (i.e., lysophosphatidylcholine [lysoPC]) is better incorporated into the brain. Free DHA is transported across the outer membrane leaflet of the blood-brain barrier via APOE4 receptors, whereas DHA-lysoPC is transported across the inner membrane leaflet of the blood-brain barrier via a specific protein called Mfsd2a. Dietary supplementation of this lysoPC specific form of DHA is a novel therapy and is used to decrease the risk of various neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, structured glycerides of DHA - novel nutraceutical agents - are being widely used for the prevention and treatment of various neurological diseases. However, it is important to fully understand their metabolic regulation and mechanism of transportation to the brain. This article comprehensively reviews various studies that have evaluated the bioavailability of DHA, mechanisms of DHA transport, and role of DHA in preventing neurodegenerative disorders, which provides better insight into the pathophysiology of these disorders and use of structured DHA in improving neurological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyakumar Balakrishnan
- Central Research Laboratory, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Karaikal, Puducherry, India.
| | - Suganya Kannan
- Central Research Laboratory, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - Ambujam Govindasamy
- Department of General Surgery, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Karaikal. Puducherry, India
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21
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Godhamgaonkar AA, Wadhwani NS, Joshi SR. Exploring the role of LC-PUFA metabolism in pregnancy complications. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 163:102203. [PMID: 33227645 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy plays a significant role in growth and development of the placenta and influencing pregnancy outcome. Suboptimal nutritional status during early gestational period compromises the normal course of pregnancy leading to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Omega-3 and omega-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are important for the growth and development of the placenta. Maternal fatty acids and their metabolites influence the normal course of pregnancy by regulating cell growth and development, cell signaling, regulate angiogenesis, modulate inflammatory responses and influence various structural and functional processes. Alterations in LC-PUFA and their metabolites may result in inadequate spiral artery remodeling or placental angiogenesis leading to structural and functional deficiency of the placenta which contributes to several pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth restriction, and results in adverse birth outcomes. In this review, we summarize studies examining the role of fatty acids and their metabolites in pregnancy. We also discuss the possible molecular mechanisms through which LC-PUFA influences placental growth and development. Studies have demonstrated that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation lowers the incidence of preterm births, but its effect on reducing pregnancy complications are inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi A Godhamgaonkar
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Nisha S Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411043, India.
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Madore C, Leyrolle Q, Morel L, Rossitto M, Greenhalgh AD, Delpech JC, Martinat M, Bosch-Bouju C, Bourel J, Rani B, Lacabanne C, Thomazeau A, Hopperton KE, Beccari S, Sere A, Aubert A, De Smedt-Peyrusse V, Lecours C, Bisht K, Fourgeaud L, Gregoire S, Bretillon L, Acar N, Grant NJ, Badaut J, Gressens P, Sierra A, Butovsky O, Tremblay ME, Bazinet RP, Joffre C, Nadjar A, Layé S. Essential omega-3 fatty acids tune microglial phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the mouse developing brain. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6133. [PMID: 33257673 PMCID: PMC7704669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are essential for the functional maturation of the brain. Westernization of dietary habits in both developed and developing countries is accompanied by a progressive reduction in dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs. Low maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs has been linked to neurodevelopmental diseases in Humans. However, the n-3 PUFAs deficiency-mediated mechanisms affecting the development of the central nervous system are poorly understood. Active microglial engulfment of synapses regulates brain development. Impaired synaptic pruning is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we identify a molecular mechanism for detrimental effects of low maternal n-3 PUFA intake on hippocampal development in mice. Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglia-mediated phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the rodent developing hippocampus, partly through the activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, altering neuronal morphology and affecting cognitive performance of the offspring. These findings provide a mechanistic insight into neurodevelopmental defects caused by maternal n-3 PUFAs dietary deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Madore
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women´s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Q Leyrolle
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Université de Paris Diderot, F-75019, Paris, France
| | - L Morel
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Rossitto
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - A D Greenhalgh
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - J C Delpech
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Martinat
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Bosch-Bouju
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Bourel
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - B Rani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Lacabanne
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Thomazeau
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - K E Hopperton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - S Beccari
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country and Ikerbasque Foundation, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - A Sere
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Aubert
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - V De Smedt-Peyrusse
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Lecours
- Neurosciences Axis, CRCHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - K Bisht
- Neurosciences Axis, CRCHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - L Fourgeaud
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - S Gregoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - L Bretillon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - N Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - N J Grant
- CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - J Badaut
- CNRS UMR5287, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - P Gressens
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Université de Paris Diderot, F-75019, Paris, France
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - A Sierra
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country and Ikerbasque Foundation, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - O Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women´s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M E Tremblay
- Neurosciences Axis, CRCHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - R P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - C Joffre
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Nadjar
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - S Layé
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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Daniel S, Balalian AA, Insel BJ, Liu X, Whyatt RM, Calafat AM, Rauh VA, Perera FP, Hoepner LA, Herbstman J, Factor-Litvak P. Prenatal and early childhood exposure to phthalates and childhood behavior at age 7 years. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105894. [PMID: 32679391 PMCID: PMC7867029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that phthalate exposure may be associated with behavior problems in children and that these associations may be sex specific. METHODS In a follow up study of 411 inner-city minority mothers and their children, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monethyl phthalate (MEP) and four di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (DEHP) were quantified in maternal urine samples collected during the third trimester and in child urine samples at ages 3 and 5 years. The Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long Form (CPRS) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were administered to the mothers to assess children's behavior problems at 7 years of age. The analysis included children with available measures of CBCL, CPRS and phthalates measured in maternal urine. We performed both Quasi-Poisson regression and a mixture analysis using Weighted Quantile Sum(WQS) regression to assess the risk for CPRS scores and for internalizing and externalizing behaviors (from the CBCL) following intra-uterine exposure to the phthalate metabolites for boys and girls separately. RESULTS Among boys, increases in in anxious-shy behaviors were associated with prenatal exposure to MBzP (Mean Ratio [MR] = 1.20, 95%CI 1.05-1.36) and MiBP (Mean Ratio (MR) = 1.22, 95%CI 1.02-1.47). Among girls, increases in perfectionism were associated with MBzP (MR = 1.15, 95%CI 1.01-1.30). In both boys and girls, increases in psychosomatic problems were associated with MiBP (MR = 1.28, 95%CI 1.02-1.60), and MnBP (MR = 1.28, 95%CI 1.02-1.59), respectively. Among girls, decreased hyperactivity was associated with two DEHP metabolites, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MR = 0.83, 95%CI 0.71-0.98) and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.72-0.99). Using weighted Quantile Sum logistic regression, no associations were found between the Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) of phthalate metabolites and CPRS scores or externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Nonetheless, when the analysis was performed separately for DEHP and non-DEHP metabolites significant associations were found between the WQS of DEHP metabolites and social problems in boys (OR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.13-4.06, p-value = 0.02) anxious-shy problems in girls (OR = 2.19, 95%CI 1.15-4.16, p = 0.02), and emotional lability problems in all children (OR = 0.61, 95%CI 0.38-0.97, p = 0.04). MEHP and MEOHP were the most highly weighted DEHP metabolites in WQS mixture. The analysis performed with CBCL scale corroborated these associations. CONCLUSION Concentration of non-DEHP metabolites was associated with anxious-shy behaviors among boys. DEHP phthalate metabolites were associated with decreased hyperactivity and impulsivity among girls on CPRS scores. These findings lend further support to the adverse associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and childhood outcomes, and clearly suggest that such associations are sex and mixture specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Daniel
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Clalit Health Services, Southern District, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Arin A Balalian
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beverly J Insel
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robin M Whyatt
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Virginia A Rauh
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lori A Hoepner
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Perinatal exposure to diets with different n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratios affects olfactory tissue fatty acid composition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10785. [PMID: 32612195 PMCID: PMC7329853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory mucosa (OM) and the olfactory bulb (OB) are responsible for the detection and processing of olfactory signals. Like the brain and retina, they contain high levels of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are essential for the structure and function of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Since the influence of the maternal diet on olfactory lipid profiles of the offspring has been poorly explored, we examined the effects of feeding mice during the perinatal period with diets containing an adequate linoleic acid level but either deficient in α-linolenic acid (ALA) or supplemented in n-3 long-chain PUFAs on the lipid composition of dams and weaning offspring olfactory tissues. In both the OM and OB, the low n-3 ALA diet led to a marked reduction in n-3 PUFAs with a concomitant increase in n-6 PUFAs, whereas consumption of the high n-3 PUFA diet reduced n-6 PUFAs and increased n-3 PUFAs. Structural analysis showed that the molecular species profiles of the main phospholipid classes of olfactory tissues from weaning pups were markedly affected by the maternal diets. This study demonstrates that the PUFA status of olfactory tissues is sensitive to diet composition from the early stages of development.
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Maternal diet high in Omega-3 fatty acids upregulate genes involved in neurotrophin signalling in fetal brain during pregnancy in C57BL/6 mice. Neurochem Int 2020; 138:104778. [PMID: 32474175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophins play a critical role in the development, maintenance, and proper function of the brain. We investigated the effects of maternal diet high in omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on fatty acids composition and the gene expression of neurotrophins in fetal brain at different gestation stages. Female C57BL/6 mice (7-weeks old, n = 8/group) were fed a diet containing high, low or very low n-3 PUFA (9, 3 or 1% w/w, respectively), with an n-6:n-3 PUFA of 5:1, 20:1 and 40:1, respectively, for two weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy. Animals were sacrificed during pregnancy at gestation day 12.5 and 18.5 to determine placental and fetal-brain fatty acids composition. The gene expressions of endothelial lipase (EL) and plasma membrane fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm) were measured in the placenta, while major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-receptor kinase (TrK)-B, and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) were measured in fetal-brain, using qPCR. The protein expression of phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) was determined using ELISA. The high n-3 PUFA diet increased the mRNA expression of EL, FABPpm, and Mfsd2a at both gestation days, compared to other groups. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA were significantly higher in the high n-3 PUFA group, compared to the other groups at both gestation days. The high n-3 PUFA diet also increased the mRNA expressions of BDNF, TrKB and CREB, as well as the protein concentration of pCREB as gestation progressed, compared to the other groups. Our findings show for the first time that maternal diet high in n-3 PUFA increased the mRNA expression of Mfsd2a, which correlated with an increase in DHA accretion in the fetal-brain. A diet high in n-3 PUFA increased neurotrophin signalling in fetal-brain as gestation progressed, demonstrating the importance of n-3 PUFA during brain development.
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Barón-Mendoza I, González-Arenas A. Relationship between the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on brain plasticity and the improvement on cognition and behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:387-410. [PMID: 32338174 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1755793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This work aimed to compile information about the neuronal processes in which polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could modulate brain plasticity, in order to analyze the role of nutritional intervention with the ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids as a therapeutic strategy for the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-related signs and symptoms.Methods: We reviewed different articles reporting the effect of PUFAS on neurite elongation, membrane expansion, cytoskeleton rearrangement and neurotransmission, considering the ASD-related abnormalities in these processes.Results: In accordance to the reviewed studies, it is clear that ASD is one of the neurological conditions associated with an impairment in neuronal plasticity; therefore, PUFAs-rich diet improvements on cognition and behavioral deficits in individuals with autism, could be involved with the regulation of neuronal processes implicated in the atypical brain plasticity related with this neurodevelopmental disorder.Discussion: The behavioral and cognitive improvement observed in individuals with ASD after PUFAs treatment might underlie, at least in part, in the ability of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids to induce neurite outgrowth, probably, through the dynamic regulation of the neuronal cytoskeleton along with the expansion of neuronal membranes. Furthermore, it might also be associated with an enhancement of the efficacy of synaptic transmission and the modulation of neurotransmitters release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Barón-Mendoza
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, México
| | - Aliesha González-Arenas
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, México
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Chen SF, Hu TM, Lan TH, Chiu HJ, Sheen LY, Loh EW. Severity of psychosis syndrome and change of metabolic abnormality in chronic schizophrenia patients: Severe negative syndrome may be related to a distinct lipid pathophysiology. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 29:167-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Metabolic abnormality is common among schizophrenia patients. Some metabolic traits were found associated with subgroups of schizophrenia patients.Objectives:We examined a possible relationship between metabolic abnormality and psychosis profile in schizophrenia patients.Method:Three hundred and seventy-two chronic schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotics for more than 2 years were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. A set of metabolic traits was measured at scheduled checkpoints between October 2004 and September 2006.Results:Multiple regressions adjusted for sex showed negative correlations between body mass index (BMI) and total score and all subscales; triglycerides (TG) was negatively correlated with total score and negative syndrome, while HDLC was positively correlated with negative syndrome. When sex interaction was concerned, total score was negatively correlated with BMI but not with others; negative syndrome was negatively correlated with BMI and positively with HDLC. No metabolic traits were correlated with positive syndrome or general psychopathology.Conclusions:Loss of body weight is a serious health problem in schizophrenia patients with severe psychosis syndrome, especially the negative syndrome. Schizophrenia patients with severe negative syndrome may have a distinct lipid pathophysiology in comparison with those who were less severe in the domain.
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Harauma A, Sueyasu T, Tokuda H, Yasuda H, Hoshi Y, Kaneda Y, Rogi T, Shibata H, Nakamura MT, Moriguchi T. Changes in behavior and fatty acid composition induced by long-term reduction in murine Δ6-desaturation activity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 155:102079. [PMID: 32145668 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play an important role in biological regulation. In our previous study using mice deficient in Δ6 desaturase (D6D), we reported that ARA is required for body growth, while DHA is necessary for functional development. In mammals, ARA and DHA are supplied directly or by synthesis from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA). However, as desaturase enzyme activity is immature or low in newborns, and humans with minor alleles of the gene encoding desaturase, respectively, they require dietary supplementation with ARA and DHA. To investigate how the body reacts to a long-term reduction in fatty acid synthesis, we measured behavioral changes and fatty acid composition in mice heterozygous for the D6D null mutation with reduced D6D activity fed a diet containing only LA and ALA as PUFAs. During the growth-maturity period, heterozygous mice showed a slightly change in interest and curiosity compared with the wild-type group. ARA levels were decreased in the brain and liver in the heterozygous group, especially during the growth-maturity period, whereas DHA levels were decreased in the liver only in the old age period, suggesting that there are differences in the synthesis of and demand for ARA and DHA during life. For newborns, and humans with minor alleles with low desaturase activity, direct ARA intake is particularly important during the growth-maturity period, but they may need to be supplemented with DHA in the old age period. Further research is needed to determine the optimal intake and duration of these fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Harauma
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sueyasu
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hisanori Tokuda
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hidemi Yasuda
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yukino Hoshi
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kaneda
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd. 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Manabu T Nakamura
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Toru Moriguchi
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
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Fourrier C, Kropp C, Aubert A, Sauvant J, Vaysse C, Chardigny JM, Layé S, Joffre C, Castanon N. Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients improves cognitive alterations associated with metabolic syndrome. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 84:23-35. [PMID: 31731013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome represents a major risk factor for severe comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. It is also associated with an increased prevalence of emotional and cognitive alterations that in turn aggravate the disease and related outcomes. Identifying therapeutic strategies able to improve those alterations is therefore a major socioeconomical and public health challenge. We previously reported that both hippocampal inflammatory processes and neuronal plasticity contribute to the development of emotional and cognitive alterations in db/db mice, an experimental model of metabolic syndrome that displays most of the classical features of the syndrome. In that context, nutritional interventions with known impact on those neurobiological processes appear as a promising alternative to limit the development of neurobiological comorbidities of metabolic syndrome. We therefore tested here whether n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) associated with a cocktail of antioxidants can protect against the development of behavioral alterations that accompany the metabolic syndrome. Thus, this study aimed: 1) to evaluate if a diet supplemented with the plant-derived n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA) and antioxidants (provided by n-3 PUFAs-rich rapeseed oil fortified with a mix of naturally constituting antioxidant micronutrients, including coenzyme Q10, tocopherol, and the phenolic compound canolol) improved behavioral alterations in db/db mice, and 2) to decipher the biological mechanisms underlying this behavioral effect. Although the supplemented diet did not improve anxiety-like behavior and inflammatory abnormalities, it reversed hippocampus-dependent spatial memory deficits displayed by db/db mice in a water maze task. It concomitantly changed subunit composition of glutamatergic AMPA and NMDA receptors in the hippocampus that has been shown to modulate synaptic function related to spatial memory. These data suggest that changes in local neuronal plasticity may underlie cognitive improvements in db/db mice fed the supplemented diet. The current findings might therefore provide valuable data for introducing new nutritional strategies for the treatment of behavioral complications associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Fourrier
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Kropp
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnès Aubert
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Sauvant
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Carole Vaysse
- ITERG, Institut des corps gras, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Michel Chardigny
- INRA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche INRA Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Layé
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Joffre
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Castanon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Bahgat KA, Elhady M, Abdel Aziz A, Youness ER, Zakzok E. Omega-6/omega-3 ratio and cognition in children with epilepsy. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Argaw A, Huybregts L, Wondafrash M, Kolsteren P, Belachew T, Worku BN, Abessa TG, Bouckaert KP. Neither n-3 Long-Chain PUFA Supplementation of Mothers through Lactation nor of Offspring in a Complementary Food Affects Child Overall or Social-Emotional Development: A 2 × 2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Ethiopia. J Nutr 2019; 149:505-512. [PMID: 30544211 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The n-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for optimal brain development. There is a lack of evidence on the effect of postnatal n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation on child development in low-income countries. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of fish-oil supplementation through lactation or complementary food supplementation on the development of children aged 6-24 mo in rural Ethiopia. METHODS We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial of n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation for 12 mo using fish-oil capsules [maternal intervention: 215 mg DHA + 285 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] or a fish-oil-enriched complementary food supplement (child intervention: 169 mg DHA + 331 mg EPA). In total, 360 pairs of mothers and infants aged 6-12 mo were randomly assigned to 4 arms: maternal intervention and child control, child intervention and maternal control, maternal and child intervention, and maternal and child control. Primary outcomes were overall developmental performance with the use of a culturally adapted Denver II test that assesses personal-social, language, fine-motor, and gross-motor domains and social-emotional developmental performance using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social Emotional at baseline and at 6 and 12 mo. We used mixed-effects models to estimate intervention effects on developmental performance over time (intervention × time interaction). RESULTS The evolution in overall and social-emotional developmental performance over time did not differ across study arms (intervention × time: F = 1.09, P = 0.35, and F = 0.61, P = 0.61, respectively). Effects did not change after adjustment for child age, birth order, and nutritional status; maternal age and education; wealth; family size; and breastfeeding frequency. Children's developmental performance significantly decreased during study follow-up (β: -0.03 SDs/mo; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.01 SD/mo; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation does not affect overall or social-emotional development of children aged 6-24 mo in a low-income setting. Follow-up of the cohort is recommended to determine whether there are long-term effects of the intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01817634.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Argaw
- Department of Population and Family Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Huybregts
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Mekitie Wondafrash
- Department of Population and Family Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Population and Family Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu N Worku
- Department of Psychology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Rehabilitation Research Center (REVAL), Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Teklu G Abessa
- Special Needs and Inclusive Education, College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Rehabilitation Research Center (REVAL), Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Kimberley P Bouckaert
- Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Nutahara E, Abe E, Uno S, Ishibashi Y, Watanabe T, Hayashi M, Okino N, Ito M. The glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase PLAT2 functions in the generation of DHA-rich glycerolipids in Aurantiochytrium limacinum F26-b. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211164. [PMID: 30699157 PMCID: PMC6353168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thraustochytrids possess docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) as acyl chain(s) of triacylglycerol (TG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), some of which contain multiple DHAs. However, little is known about how these DHA-rich glycerolipids are produced in thraustochytrids. In this study, we identified PLAT2 in Aurantiochytrium limacinum F26-b as a glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) acyltransferase (GPAT) by heterologous expression of the gene in budding yeast. Subsequently, we found that GPAT activity was reduced by disruption of the PLAT2 gene in A. limacinum, resulting in a decrease in DHA-containing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA 22:6). Conversely, overexpression of PLAT2 increased both GPAT activity and LPA 22:6. These results indicate that PLAT2 is a GPAT that transfers DHA to G3P in vivo as well as in vitro. Overexpression of the PLAT2 gene increased the production of a two DHA-containing diacylglycerol (DG 44:12), followed by an increase in the three DHA-containing TG (TG 66:18), two-DHA-containing TG (TG 60:12), and two DHA-containing PC (PC 44:12). However, overexpression of PLAT2 did not increase DHA-free DG (DG32:0), which was preferentially converted to three 16:0-containing TG (TG 48:0) but not two 16:0-containing PC (PC 32:0). Collectively, we revealed that DHA-rich glycerolipids are produced from a precursor, LPA 22:6, which is generated by incorporating DHA to G3P by PLAT2 in the A. limacinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Nutahara
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eriko Abe
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Uno
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Ishibashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1–1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Nozomu Okino
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Innovative Bio-architecture Center, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Bahagat KA, Elhady M, Aziz AA, Youness ER, Zakzok E. [Omega-6/omega-3 ratio and cognition in children with epilepsy]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2019; 91:88-95. [PMID: 30660389 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of epilepsy in children. This study aimed to assess the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid levels and its impact on cognitive function in children with idiopathic epilepsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a case-control study in 30 children with idiopathic epilepsy and 20 healthy children. We measured levels of alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3) and linoleic acid (omega-6) by means of gas-liquid chromatography. We assessed cognitive function with the Arabic version of the fourth edition of the Stanford-Binet test and the P300 component of event-related potentials. All children had an intelligent quotient greater than 70. RESULTS Children with epilepsy had lower levels of omega-3 and higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids and an abnormal omega-6/omega-3 ratio compared to non-epileptic children. We found a significant positive correlation of serum omega-3 levels and a significant negative correlation of serum omega-6 levels with cognitive function scores and P300 latency in children with epilepsy. CONCLUSION Children with epilepsy have abnormal ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid serum levels, which is associated with impaired cognitive function in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwa Elhady
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Al-Azhar, El Cairo, Egipto.
| | - Ali Abdel Aziz
- Departamento de Salud Infantil, Centro de Investigación Nacional, Guiza, Egipto
| | - Eman R Youness
- Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Investigación Nacional, Guiza, Egipto
| | - Elzarif Zakzok
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Al-Azhar, El Cairo, Egipto
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Horikawa C, Otsuka R, Kato Y, Nishita Y, Tange C, Rogi T, Kawashima H, Shibata H, Ando F, Shimokata H. Longitudinal Association between n-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Japan. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111655. [PMID: 30400311 PMCID: PMC6265805 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear whether n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) have a preventive effect on depression in the general population. This study investigated the longitudinal association between n-3 LCPUFA intake and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling Japanese participants. The participants were aged 40–79 years at baseline in the cohort study, wherein examinations, including the assessment of depressive symptoms and nutritional status, were biennially conducted from 1997 to 2012. The subjects (n = 2335) who had a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score < 16 at the first examination and who participated in the follow-up study at least once were included in the analysis. The follow-up end point was the first onset (CES-D ≥ 16) or the last examination participation. Hazard ratios (95% CIs) for CES-D ≥ 16 were estimated using the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model. Overall, 22.1% participants showed depressive symptoms during follow-up (average; 8.1 years). Compared with the lowest tertile, the highest HR for EPA was 0.74 (0.60–0.93), and highest and middle HRs for DHA were 0.79 (0.63–0.98) and 0.80 (0.65–0.99) (P for trend = 0.009 and 0.032), respectively. Among populations with high fish consumption, higher n-3 LCPUFA intake may be associated with a low risk of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Horikawa
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kato
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, Nagakute-city, Aichi 480-1197, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Chikako Tange
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kawashima
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Fujiko Ando
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, Nagakute-city, Aichi 480-1197, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Section of the NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57 Takenoyama, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin-city, Aichi 470-0196, Japan.
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Prediction of the best cosolvents to solubilise fatty acids in supercritical CO2 using the Hansen solubility theory. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ralston NV. Effects of soft electrophiles on selenium physiology. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:134-144. [PMID: 30053507 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the effects of neurotoxic electrophiles on selenium (Se) metabolism. Selenium-dependent enzymes depend on the unique and elite functions of selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st proteinogenic amino acid, to perform their biochemical roles. Humans possess 25 selenoprotein genes, ~ half of which are enzymes (selenoenzymes) required for preventing, controlling, or reversing oxidative damage, while others participate in regulating calcium metabolism, thyroid hormone status, protein folding, cytoskeletal structure, Sec synthesis and Se transport. While selenoproteins are expressed in tissue dependent distributions and levels in all cells of all vertebrates, they are particularly important in brain development, health, and functions. As the most potent intracellular nucleophile, Sec is subject to binding by mercury (Hg) and other electron poor soft neurotoxic electrophiles. Epidemiological and environmental studies of the effects of exposures to methyl-Hg (CH3Hg+), elemental Hg (Hg°), and/or other metallic/organic neurotoxic soft electrophiles need to consider the concomitant effects of all members of this class of toxicants in relation to the Se status of their study populations. The contributions of individual electrophiles' discrete and cooperative rates of Se sequestration need to be evaluated in relation to tissue Se reserves of the exposed populations to identify sensitive subgroups which may be at accentuated risk due to poor Se status. Additional study is required to examine possibilities of inherited, acquired, or degenerative neurological disorders of Se homeostasis that may influence vulnerability to soft electrophile exposures. Investigations of soft electrophile toxicity will be enhanced by considering the concomitant effects of combined exposures on tissue Se-availability in relation to pathological consequences during fetal development or in relation to etiologies of neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Since selenoenzymes are molecular "targets" of soft electrophiles, concomitant evaluation of aggregate exposures to these toxicants in relation to dietary Se intakes will assist regulatory agencies in their goals of improving and protecting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Vc Ralston
- Earth System Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
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Ostadrahimi A, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Heidarabady S, Farshbaf-Khalili A. The effect of perinatal fish oil supplementation on neurodevelopment and growth of infants: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:2387-2397. [PMID: 28752418 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the most abundant fatty acids in the brain, are essential for the growth and development of the brain and the retina. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of fish oil supplementation on the development (primary outcome) and growth of 4- and 6-month-old infants. METHODS In this triple-blind randomized controlled trial, 150 pregnant women aged 18-35 years, who were referred to healthcare centres of Tabriz-Iran, were randomly allocated into two groups. One group of women consumed fish oil supplementation (containing 120 mg docosahexaenoic acid and 180 mg eicosapentaenoic acid) daily, while the other consumed a placebo from the 20th week of pregnancy till 30 days after childbirth in a parallel design by a computer-generated block randomization scheme. The neurodevelopment of infants was the primary outcome; it was assessed using the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ) at 4- and a-6 months of age. The growth of these infants was measured using weight, length and head circumference. The participants, the caregivers, and those assessing the outcomes were blind to the group assignment. RESULTS Only one woman in the placebo group discontinued the intervention because of persistent severe nausea. All 75 neonates aged 4- and a-6 months in the fish oil supplementation group, along with 73 and 71 neonates aged 4 and 6 months, respectively in the placebo group, were followed and analysed. Although the mean scores of neurodevelopment at the end of 4 and 6 months were higher in the supplemented group than in the placebo group in each ASQ domain, a statistically significant difference was observed only in the communication domain at the 4th month (adjusted mean difference 2.63; 95% confidence interval 0.36-4.89). There was no significant difference in weight, length, or head circumference between the two groups of infants aged 4 and 6 months (P ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on the results, perinatal fish oil supplementation is beneficial for the communication domain of neurodevelopment of 4-month-old infants. The study results relating to the supplementation effect on other domains are inconclusive. There ought to be further studies with up-to-date lipidomic analysis to find biochemical correlate compared to an intervention and developmental finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Centre, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seifollah Heidarabady
- Department of Pediatrics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Ghizoni H, Ventura M, Colle D, Gonçalves CL, de Souza V, Hartwig JM, Santos DB, Naime AA, Cristina de Oliveira Souza V, Lopes MW, Barbosa F, Brocardo PS, Farina M. Effects of perinatal exposure to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and methylmercury on cerebellar and behavioral parameters in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:603-615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Maternal diet of polyunsaturated fatty acid influence the physical and neurobehaviour of rat offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:156-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and sugar on attention in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wadhwani N, Patil V, Joshi S. Maternal long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status and pregnancy complications. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 136:143-152. [PMID: 28888333 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition plays a crucial role in influencing fetal growth and birth outcome. Any nutritional insult starting several weeks before pregnancy and during critical periods of gestation is known to influence fetal development and increase the risk for diseases during later life. Literature suggests that chronic adult diseases may have their origin during early life - a concept referred to as Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) which states that adverse exposures early in life "program" risks for later chronic disorders. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), mainly omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids are known to have an effect on fetal programming. The placental supply of optimal levels of LCPUFA to the fetus during early life is extremely important for the normal growth and development of both placenta and fetus. Any alteration in placental development will result in adverse pregnancy outcome such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). A disturbed materno-fetal LCPUFA supply is known to be linked with each of these pathologies. Further, a disturbed LCPUFA metabolism is reported to be associated with a number of metabolic disorders. It is likely that LCPUFA supplementation during early pregnancy may be beneficial in improving the health of the mother, improving birth outcome and thereby reducing the risk of diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Wadhwani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Vidya Patil
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India.
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Sammugam L, Pasupuleti VR. Balanced diets in food systems: Emerging trends and challenges for human health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2746-2759. [PMID: 29693412 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1468729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Processed foods, generally known as modified raw foods produced by innovative processing technologies alters the food constituents such natural enzymes, fatty acids, micronutrients, macronutrients and vitamins. In contrast to fresh and unprocessed foods, processed foods are guaranteed to be safer, imperishable, long lasting and consist high level of nutrients bioactivity. Currently, the evolution in food processing technologies is necessary to face food security and safety, nutrition demand, its availability and also other global challenges in the food system. In this scenario, this review consists of information on two food processing technologies, which effects on processed foods before and after processing and the impact of food products on human health. It is also very well established that understanding the type and structure of foods to be processed can assist food processing industries towards advancement of novel food products. In connection with this fact, the present article also discusses the emerging trends and possible modifications in food processing technologies with the combination of conventional and modern techniques to get the suitable nutritional and safety qualities in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakhsmi Sammugam
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan , Campus Jeli, Jeli , Malaysia
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan , Campus Jeli, Jeli , Malaysia.,Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan , Campus Jeli, Jeli , Malaysia
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Rey C, Nadjar A, Joffre F, Amadieu C, Aubert A, Vaysse C, Pallet V, Layé S, Joffre C. Maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary supply modulates microglia lipid content in the offspring. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 133:1-7. [PMID: 29789127 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The brain is highly enriched in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) that are esterified into phospholipids, the major components of cell membranes. They accumulate during the perinatal period when the brain is rapidly developing. Hence, the levels of LC-PUFAs in the brains of the offspring greatly depend on maternal dietary intake. Perinatal n-3 PUFA consumption has been suggested to modulate the activity of microglial cells, the brain's innate immune cells which contribute to the shaping of neuronal network during development. However, the impact of maternal n-3 PUFA intake on microglial lipid composition in the offspring has never been studied. To investigate the impact of maternal dietary n-3 PUFA supply on microglia lipid composition, pregnant mice were fed with n-3 PUFA deficient, n-3 PUFA balanced or n-3 PUFA supplemented diets during gestation and lactation. At weaning, microglia were isolated from the pup's brains to analyze their fatty acid composition and phospholipid class levels. We here report that post-natal microglial cells displayed a distinctive lipid profile as they contained high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), more EPA than docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and large amount of phosphatidylinositol (PI) / phosphatidylserine (PS). Maternal n-3 PUFA supply increased DHA levels and decreased n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) levels whereas the PI/PS membrane content was inversely correlated to the quantity of PUFAs in the diet. These results raise the possibility of modulating microglial lipid profile and their subsequent activity in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rey
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; ITERG, Institut des corps gras, Canéjan 33610, France
| | - Agnès Nadjar
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | | | - Camille Amadieu
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Agnès Aubert
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Carole Vaysse
- ITERG, Institut des corps gras, Canéjan 33610, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Sophie Layé
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Corinne Joffre
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France.
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Natacci L, M Marchioni D, C Goulart A, Nunes MA, B Moreno A, O Cardoso L, Giatti L, B Molina MDC, S Santos I, Brunoni AR, A Lotufo P, M Bensenor I. Omega 3 Consumption and Anxiety Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060663. [PMID: 29882923 PMCID: PMC6024589 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the association between diet and mental disorders, and it has been established that ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids may have a beneficial effect for sufferers of anxiety disorders. This study is part of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)—a population-based cohort study on diet and mental health—and searched for associations between anxiety disorders and consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The study had a cross-sectional design, with a total sample of 12,268 adults. Dietary exposure was measured by a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and mental diagnoses were assessed by the Clinical Interview Schedule—Revised Version and diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Logistic regression models were built using quintiles of n-3, ω 6 (n-6), n-6/n-3 ratio, and PUFA, using the 1st quintile as reference. Anxiety disorders were identified in 15.4% of the sample. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, cardiovascular risk factors, diet variables, and depression, intakes in the 5th quintile were inversely associated with anxiety disorders for EPA (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69⁻0.98), DHA (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69⁻0.98), and DPA (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69⁻0.98). Participants in the fifth quintile of n-6/n-3 ratio had a positive association with anxiety disorders. Although results suggest a possible protective effect of n-3 fatty acids against anxiety, all associations lost significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Natacci
- Postgraduate student, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Dirce M Marchioni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Maria Angélica Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre RS 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Arlinda B Moreno
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro RJ 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Letícia O Cardoso
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro RJ 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Luana Giatti
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health; General Hospital, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte MG 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Maria Del Carmen B Molina
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória ES 29043-900, Brazil.
| | - Itamar S Santos
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - André R Brunoni
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Isabela M Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo SP 05508-000, Brazil.
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Braarud HC, Markhus MW, Skotheim S, Stormark KM, Frøyland L, Graff IE, Kjellevold M. Maternal DHA Status during Pregnancy Has a Positive Impact on Infant Problem Solving: A Norwegian Prospective Observation Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050529. [PMID: 29695097 PMCID: PMC5986409 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6, n-3) is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid necessary for normal brain growth and cognitive development. Seafood and dietary supplements are the primary dietary sources of DHA. This study addresses the associations between DHA status in pregnant women and healthy, term-born infant problem-solving skills assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. The fatty acid status of maternal red blood cells (RBCs) was assessed in the 28th week of gestation and at three months postpartum. The infants’ fatty acid status (RBC) was assessed at three, six, and twelve months, and problem-solving skills were assessed at six and twelve months. Maternal DHA status in pregnancy was found to be positively associated with infants’ problem-solving skills at 12 months. This association remained significant even after controlling for the level of maternal education, a surrogate for socio-economic status. The infants’ DHA status at three months was associated with the infants’ problem solving at 12 months. The results accentuate the importance for pregnant and lactating women to have a satisfactory DHA status from dietary intake of seafood or other sources rich in DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Cecilie Braarud
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
- The Office for Children, Youth and Family Affairs, Region West, P.O. Box 2233, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
| | - Maria Wik Markhus
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Siv Skotheim
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
- The Office for Children, Youth and Family Affairs, Region South, P.O. Box 2233, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
| | - Kjell Morten Stormark
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Livar Frøyland
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ingvild Eide Graff
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Marian Kjellevold
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
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Love HJ, Sulikowski D. Of Meat and Men: Sex Differences in Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Meat. Front Psychol 2018; 9:559. [PMID: 29731733 PMCID: PMC5920154 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern attitudes to meat in both men and women reflect a strong meat-masculinity association. Sex differences in the relationship between meat and masculinity have not been previously explored. In the current study we used two IATs (implicit association tasks), a visual search task, and a questionnaire to measure implicit and explicit attitudes toward meat in men and women. Men exhibited stronger implicit associations between meat and healthiness than did women, but both sexes associated meat more strongly with 'healthy' than 'unhealthy' concepts. As 'healthy' was operationalized in the current study using terms such as "virile" and "powerful," this suggests that a meat-strength/power association may mediate the meat-masculinity link readily observed across western cultures. The sex difference was not related to explicit attitudes to meat, nor was it attributable to a variety of other factors, such as a generally more positive disposition toward meat in men than women. Men also exhibited an attention bias toward meats, compared to non-meat foods, while females exhibited more caution when searching for non-meat foods, compared to meat. These biases were not related to implicit attitudes, but did tend to increase with increasing hunger levels. Potential ultimate explanations for these differences, including sex differences in bio-physiological needs and receptivity to social signals are discussed.
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Hauser J, Stollberg E, Reissmann A, Kaunzinger I, Lange KW. Alterations of attention and impulsivity in the rat following a transgenerational decrease in dietary omega-3 fatty acids. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nakamoto K, Tokuyama S. [The role of brain n-3 fatty acids-GPR40/FFAR1 signaling in pain]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2018; 151:21-26. [PMID: 29321392 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.151.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40)/free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) 1 is activated by long-chain fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Its receptor is expressed predominantly in the central nervous system (CNS) and in β-cells in the pancreatic Islets. We have already demonstrated that the intracerebroventricular administration of DHA or GW9508, a GPR40/FFAR1 agonist, suppresses formalin-induced pain behavior. It also attenuates complete Freund's adjuvant-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, suggesting that these effects occur by increasing β-endorphin release from propiomelanocortin neurons. Furthermore, we found that the brain GPR40/FFAR1 signaling may involve in the regulation of the descending pain control system, whereas the deletion of GPR40/FFAR1 might exacerbate mechanical allodynia in postoperative pain. Therefore, it is possible that the brain n-3 fatty acid-GPR40/FFAR1 signaling may play a key role in the modulation of the endogenous pain control system and emotional function. Here, we discuss the role of brain n-3 fatty acids-GPR40/FFAR1 signaling in a pain, and we review the current status and future prospects of the brain GPR40/FFAR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Nakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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Postnatal polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with larger preterm brain tissue volumes and better outcomes. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:93-101. [PMID: 28915231 PMCID: PMC5922459 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundHuman studies investigating the link between postnatal polyunsaturated fatty acids and preterm brain growth are limited, despite emerging evidence of potential effects on outcomes.MethodsSixty preterm neonates <32 weeks gestational age with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning at near-birth and near-term age were assessed for brain tissue volumes, including cortical gray matter, white matter, deep gray matter, cerebellum, brainstem, and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Red blood cell fatty acid content was evaluated within 1 week of each MRI scan. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 30-36 months corrected age was assessed.ResultsAdjusting for potential confounders, higher near-birth docosahexaenoic acid levels are associated with larger cortical gray matter, deep gray matter, and brainstem volumes and higher near-term levels with larger deep gray matter, cerebellar, and brainstem volumes at near-term age; lower near-birth linoleic acid levels are correlated with larger white matter volume at near-term age. By 30-36 months corrected age, larger cortical and deep gray matter, cerebellar, and brainstem volumes by term age are associated with improved language scores and larger cerebellar and brainstem volumes with improved motor scores.ConclusionSpecific polyunsaturated fatty acid levels have differential and time-dependent associations with brain region growth. Larger brain volumes are associated with improved outcomes at preschool age.
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Healy-Stoffel M, Levant B. N-3 (Omega-3) Fatty Acids: Effects on Brain Dopamine Systems and Potential Role in the Etiology and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2018; 17:216-232. [PMID: 29651972 PMCID: PMC6563911 DOI: 10.2174/1871527317666180412153612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE A number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and, to some extent, depression, involve dysregulation of the brain dopamine systems. The etiology of these diseases is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors. Evidence suggests that inadequate levels of n-3 (omega- 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the brain may represent a risk factor for these disorders. These fatty acids, which are derived from the diet, are a major component of neuronal membranes and are of particular importance in brain development and function. Low levels of n-3 PUFAs in the brain affect the brain dopamine systems and, when combined with appropriate genetic and other factors, increase the risk of developing these disorders and/or the severity of the disease. This article reviews the neurobiology of n-3 PUFAs and their effects on dopaminergic function. CONCLUSION Clinical studies supporting their role in the etiologies of diseases involving the brain dopamine systems and the potential of n-3 PUFAs in the treatment of these disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth Levant
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics and the Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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