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Ranjbar M, Avini NA, Shab-Bidar S. The association between ultra-processed food consumption and adiposity indexes in adults living in Tehran: a dose-response analysis within a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:1548. [PMID: 40281568 PMCID: PMC12023585 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-22812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-process foods (UPF) were suspected to induce many diseases and threaten consumers' health. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption of highly processed foods and adiposity indexes in Tehranian adults. METHOD In a cross-sectional design, 850 Tehranian adults were included. NOVA classification was used to assess the intake of UPF in participants. The amount of calorie intake through processed foods was assessed. Adiposity indexes outcomes include body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), body roundness index (BRI), and body adiposity index (BAI). Lipid accumulation product (LAP) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) were also assessed. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between the intake of UPF and adiposity indexes measurements. RESULT there was a higher intake of UPF in men than women (p < 0.001). The results of logistic regression revealed that there is a significant association between intake of UPF with WHR (odds ratio (OR): 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-1.61) and BRI (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.38-3.19) in the crude model. Nevertheless, after adjusting for confounders, the results were insignificant (WHR: OR, 0.77, 95% CI, 0.46-1.27, and BRI: OR, 1.70, 95% CI, 1.05-2.73). No significant association was seen for other outcomes (p > 0.001 for all). The results of dose-response analyses revealed a substantial association between UPF intake and BMI, WHrT, WC, VAI, BRI, BAI, LAP, and TyG. CONCLUSION UPF consumption was significantly related to increased risk of high-risk adiposity indexes in the dose-response analysis. More studies are needed to strengthen the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ranjbar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Neda Asgari Avini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, P. O. Box 14155/6117, Tehran, 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, P. O. Box 14155/6117, Tehran, 14167-53955, Iran.
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ensan B, Kamrani F, Gholamalizadeh H, Rezaee M, Hashemi Shahri H, Esmaily H, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Moohebati M, Darroudi S. Evaluating the discriminatory capacity of traditional and novel anthropometric indices in cardiovascular disease risk factors, considering sex differences. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2025; 44:41. [PMID: 39948657 PMCID: PMC11827265 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-025-00763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates are rising rapidly worldwide, making it crucial to implement simple and effective screening measures to identify individuals at increased risk for CVD risk factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between innovative anthropometric indices and the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors among the population of Mashhad, located in northeastern Iran, over a ten-year follow-up period. METHODS In this cohort study, a total of 9704 individuals aged 35-65 years were recruited at baseline, with 7560 individuals completing the study. Anthropometric indices were measured and calculated using standardized methods. After a 10-year follow-up, the incidence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and their association with each anthropometric index were determined using Cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive capacity of each index for the CVD risk factors. RESULTS We found that WHtR exhibited the strongest association with various CVD risk factors. However, the predictive capacity of BMI was higher than other indices in DM and MetS (AUCs: 0.69 and 0.78, respectively). Moreover, BMI, WHtR, and BRI showed equal discriminatory power to predict HTN (AUCs: 0.61). Our analysis indicated that Iranian individuals with a BMI of more than 24.71, 26, and 25.2 kg/m2 are at a 54%, 88%, and 121% increased risk for the development of HTN, DM, and MetS over 10 years; respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, BMI was identified as the most powerful predictor of CVD risk factors among the anthropometric indices examined. These findings support previous research indicating that BMI is a valuable screening tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of developing CVDs and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Ensan
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzam Kamrani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hamed Hashemi Shahri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moohebati
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Cardiovascular, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran.
| | - Susan Darroudi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran.
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Luo WS, Ding Y, Guo ZR. Body adiposity index and other indexes of body composition in predicting cardiovascular disease in the Chinese population: A Cohort study. Perfusion 2024:2676591241300973. [PMID: 39545334 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241300973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of four obesity indicators, including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) on prediction for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chinese Han population. METHODS We analyzed data from a prospective population cohort of 3598 participants aged 35 to 74 years from Jiangsu China. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between four obesity indicators and CVD risk. The ROC curve was used to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of four obesity indicators. RESULTS During 8 years (median 6.3 years) of follow-up time, 82 CVD endpoints were collected during follow up (36 men and 46 women). After adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption and family history of CVD, in men, WC, BMI, and BAI were associated with triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertension. In women, WC, BMI and WHtR were associated with TG, HDL-C, hyperglycemia and hypertension, BAI was only associated with HDL-C, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. ROC curve analysis indicated that BAI have the highest area under the curve to identify CVD, and BMI has the lowest area under the curve to identify CVD in Chinese males. WHtR has the highest area under the curve to identify CVD, and BMI has the lowest area under the curve to identify CVD in Chinese females. CONCLUSIONS CVD risk was more consistently correlated with BAI in Chinese men and more consistently correlated with WHtR and WC in Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shu Luo
- Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control, Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou Advanced Institute of Public Health, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Public Health, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Guo
- Department of Public Health, Soochow university, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Spinoza ED, Fonte FK, Carvalho VA, Dos Santos RA, Colleoni GWB, Cendoroglo MS. Body Adiposity Index as a Predictor of Body Fat in an Oldest Old and Independent Cohort of Brazilian Older Adults. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2024; 28:284-290. [PMID: 38757261 PMCID: PMC11467517 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.24.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthropometry and body mass index (BMI) do not assess body composition or its distribution in older adults; thus, individuals may have different fat percentages but similar BMI values. The body adiposity index (BAI) was recently proposed as a feasible and inexpensive method for estimating the percentage of body fat based on measurements of hip circumference and height. The present study evaluated whether BAI and BMI are useful alternatives to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is rarely used in clinical practice, for predicting body fat in independent long-lived older adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we used DXA to calculate the percentage of body fat, which was compared with BAI and BMI values. We performed Pearson correlation analyses and used Cronbach's alpha, described by Bland and Altman, to compare the reliability between the indexes. RESULTS Among 157 evaluated individuals (73.2% women, mean age 87±3.57 years), men had a lower percentage of total fat, as assessed by DXA, and lower BAI indices than women. The correlation between BAI and DXA was moderate (r=0.59 for men and r=0.67 for women, p<0.001). We confirmed the reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.67 in men and 0.77 in women. We also observed that the BAI was strongly positively correlated with BMI in both men and women. CONCLUSION The BAI, used in combination with BMI, can be an alternative to DXA for the assessment of body fat in the oldest old in clinical practice, mainly women, and can be used to add information to BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Dearo Spinoza
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Kurebayashi Fonte
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amarante Carvalho
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Aparecida Dos Santos
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele W. B. Colleoni
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cuschieri S, Cuschieri A, Grech E, Coleiro AM, Carabott A, Tonna A, Borg D, Sant D, Sultana E, Ellul K, Scerri KM, Psaila K, Magro G, Attard N, Borg Y. Exploring the diabesity characteristics and associated all-cause mortality at a population level: results from a small European island state. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-024-02334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Diabesity, the co-occurrence of diabetes and obesity, presents a global health crisis. Understanding its prevalence, associated risk factors, and mortality outcomes is crucial for effective public health interventions. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of diabesity and diabetes, assess associated risk factors, and analyze mortality outcomes over a 7-year period in the diabetogenic country of Malta.
Subject and methods
A nationwide health examination survey (2014–16) was conducted involving 3947 adults aged 18–70 years. Sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples were collected. Relationships between different adiposity indices were explored. Mortality data was obtained by cross-referencing with the national mortality register. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
Prevalence of obesity was 34.08%, diabetes 10.31%, and diabesity 5.78%. Sociodemographic characteristics were similar across all three cohorts. Multivariable regression identified increasing age (OR 1.10 CI95% 1.07–1.12; p≤ 0.001), male gender (OR 0.53 CI95% 0.30–0.93; p = 0.03), and low educational level (OR 2.19 CI95% 1.39–3.45; p = 0.001) as significant predictors of diabesity. Only diabetes showed a significant increase in mortality risk (HR 3.15 CI95% 1.31–7.62; p = 0.02) after adjustment, with gender (HR 3.17 CI95% 1.20–8.37) and body adiposity index (HR 1.08 CI95% 1.01–1.16) also significant (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion
Diabesity represents a substantial public health challenge in Malta, with implications for mortality outcomes. Targeted interventions addressing sociodemographic disparities and promoting healthy lifestyles are essential to mitigate its impact. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive healthcare strategies and policy initiatives to combat diabesity and reduce associated mortality rates.
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Erdoğan K, Sanlier N. Metabolic Syndrome and Menopause: The Impact of Menopause Duration on Risk Factors and Components. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:1249-1256. [PMID: 39070300 PMCID: PMC11283797 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s460645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of menopause duration on the risk factors and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients and Methods Women aged between 45 and 60 years participated in the study. Participants were split into two groups based on the duration of menopause. Women who had been menopausal for 1 to ≤5 years constituted Group 1, while women with 6-10 years of menopause duration formed Group 2. Results Significant differences were observed between the two groups for various factors associated with MetS, including anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and blood pressure. The conicity index, weight-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and menopause duration were associated with increased risk of MetS. Our multivariate logistic regression model showed that women with elevated VAI had a 2.073-fold (95% CI: 1.73-2.48, p<0.001) increased risk of MetS, while women with menopause duration more than 5 years had a 6.44-fold (95% CI: 3.336-12.45, p<0.001) increased risk of MetS. Conclusion The duration of menopause was found to be linked to a higher risk of MetS. Our results emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing metabolic health in women during the menopausal period, particularly those with extended menopause duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Erdoğan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences University, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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Li CL, Liu YK, Lan YY, Wang ZS. Association of education with cholelithiasis and mediating effects of cardiometabolic factors: A Mendelian randomization study. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:4272-4288. [PMID: 39015929 PMCID: PMC11235540 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i20.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Education, cognition, and intelligence are associated with cholelithiasis occurrence, yet which one has a prominent effect on cholelithiasis and which cardiometabolic risk factors mediate the causal relationship remain unelucidated. AIM To explore the causal associations between education, cognition, and intelligence and cholelithiasis, and the cardiometabolic risk factors that mediate the associations. METHODS Applying genome-wide association study summary statistics of primarily European individuals, we utilized two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization to estimate the independent effects of education, intelligence, and cognition on cholelithiasis and cholecystitis (FinnGen study, 37041 and 11632 patients, respectively; n = 486484 participants) and performed two-step Mendelian randomization to evaluate 21 potential mediators and their mediating effects on the relationships between each exposure and cholelithiasis. RESULTS Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization results from the FinnGen consortium showed that genetically higher education, cognition, or intelligence were not independently associated with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; when adjusted for cholelithiasis, higher education still presented an inverse effect on cholecystitis [odds ratio: 0.292 (95%CI: 0.171-0.501)], which could not be induced by cognition or intelligence. Five out of 21 cardiometabolic risk factors were perceived as mediators of the association between education and cholelithiasis, including body mass index (20.84%), body fat percentage (40.3%), waist circumference (44.4%), waist-to-hip ratio (32.9%), and time spent watching television (41.6%), while time spent watching television was also a mediator from cognition (20.4%) and intelligence to cholelithiasis (28.4%). All results were robust to sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION Education, cognition, and intelligence all play crucial roles in the development of cholelithiasis, and several cardiometabolic mediators have been identified for prevention of cholelithiasis due to defects in each exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Kun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lan
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266002, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zu-Sen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
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Lockie RG, Dulla JM, Higuera D, Ross K, Orr RM, Dawes JJ, Ruvalcaba TJ. Age-Related Differences in Body Fat and Fitness of Firefighters Participating in a Health and Wellness Program. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:1127-1135. [PMID: 38781470 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lockie, RG, Dulla, JM, Higuera, D, Ross, K, Orr, RM, Dawes, JJ, and Ruvalcaba, TJ. Age-related differences in body fat and fitness of firefighters participating in a health and wellness program. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): 1127-1135, 2024-Fitness tends to decline, whereas body fat increases, with age, which could impact firefighter occupational performance later in their careers. Health and wellness program participation could reduce these age-related changes. Archival data from 270 firefighters (258 men and 12 women) from a health and wellness program were analyzed. Data included body mass index; body fat percentage (BF%); waist circumference (WC); waist-to-hip ratio (WHR); sit and reach; grip strength; absolute and relative predicted 1 repetition maximum (1RM) leg press; crunches; push-ups; and estimated maximal aerobic capacity (V̇o2max). Firefighters were grouped by age ≤29 (n = 29); 30-34 (n = 44); 35-39 (n = 38); 40-44 (n = 39); 45-49 (n = 48); 50-54 (n = 42); and 55+ (n = 30) years. A univariate analysis of covariance, with sex as a covariate and Bonferroni's post hoc adjustment, determined between-group differences. Effect sizes (d) were calculated. Key results included that the 55+ group had higher BF% and WC compared with the 3 youngest groups (p ≤ 0.002; d = 0.86-1.08). The 50-54 group had higher BF% than the 30-34 group (p = 0.010; d = 0.77). The 55+ group had a greater WHR, lower grip strength, and completed fewer crunches and push-ups than most younger groups (p ≤ 0.05; d = 0.60-1.32). The 50-54 and 55+ groups had a lower 1RM leg press and V̇o2max compared with the younger groups (p ≤ 0.009; d = 0.77-1.79). The program appeared generally effective, with limited differences in groups below 49 years of age. Greater disparities in fat mass and fitness tended to occur in the older groups (50-54, 55+ groups). The data highlighted that older firefighters were participating in the optional program, which could lead to better health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Lockie
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, California
| | - Joseph M Dulla
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Higuera
- Fire Technology Department, Santa Ana College, Santa Ana, California
- Human and Sport Performance, Rocky Mountain University, Provo, Utah
| | - Kristina Ross
- Fire Technology Department, Santa Ana College, Santa Ana, California
| | - Robin M Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Jay Dawes
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
- Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Tomas J Ruvalcaba
- Fire Technology Department, Santa Ana College, Santa Ana, California
- Human and Sport Performance, Rocky Mountain University, Provo, Utah
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Jibril AT, Ganjeh BJ, Mirrafiei A, Firouzi M, Norouziasl R, Ghaemi S, Bafkar N, Jayedi A, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Dose-response association of obesity and risk of mental health among tehranian residents: result of a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1444. [PMID: 38811944 PMCID: PMC11138087 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and mental health issues are two of the most prevalent global public health issues for a significant portion of people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity indicators and mental health in Tehran-dwelling Iranian adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on healthy Iranian adults using a convenience sampling technique. The short form of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure the outcome, and independent variables included body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI), and a body shape index (ABSI). The relationship between obesity and mental health was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model. The non-linear dose-response relationships were evaluated using restricted cubic splines (RCS) with three knots. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was used to adjust for multiple testing. RESULTS In our study of 434 participants, females made up 52% of the participants, with a mean age of 38.57 years. In all, 54.6%, 53.9%, and 56.6% were classified as having anxiety, depression, and stress respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of mental health components including anxiety, depression, or stress was not significantly different across the tertiles of the obesity indicators. We observed a significant dose-response relationship between BAI and ABSI and the risk of anxiety (PBenjamini-Hochberg 0.028 > Pdose-response 0.023) and stress (PBenjamini-Hochberg 0.028 > Pdose-response 0.003) but not depression (PBenjamini-Hochberg 0.014 < Pdose-response 0.018). The lowest risk for anxiety was observed in people with a BAI of 28% and ABSI equal to 0.079. The risk of stress seemed to increase beyond an ABSI of 0.086. CONCLUSION Our findings showed no direct linear association between obesity indices and anxiety. However, a dose-response relationship was observed between BAI and ABSI and the risk of anxiety and stress, indicating the need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyu Tijani Jibril
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Jabbarzadeh Ganjeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mirrafiei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Firouzi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Norouziasl
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Ghaemi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Negar Bafkar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Obirikorang C, Adu EA, Anto EO, Afum-Adjei Awuah A, Fynn ANB, Osei-Somuah G, Ansong PN, Boakye AO, Ofori-Boadu I, Obirikorang Y, Adobasom-Anane AG, Nyarko EN, Balmer L. Prevalence and risk factors of obesity among undergraduate student population in Ghana: an evaluation study of body composition indices. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:877. [PMID: 38515106 PMCID: PMC10958924 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a classified risk factor for several of the world's leading causes of death. In this study, we combined information contained in body mass index (BMI), total percentage body fat (TPBF) and relative fat mass (RFM) to estimate obesity prevalence and examine the risk factors associated with obesity. METHODS The study recruited 1027 undergraduate students aged between 16 and 25 years using a cross-sectional study design and two-stage stratified random sampling between January and April 2019 from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. Demographic, lifestyle, and family history of chronic disease data, were collected using a structured questionnaire. Bioelectrical impedance, along with height, weight, age, and gender, were used to estimate BMI and TPBF. The RFM was calculated using a published equation. The TPBF and RFM ranges were evaluated based on standard BMI thresholds and an informative combined obesity prevalence estimated in a Bayesian framework. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate potential risk factors of overweight/obesity. RESULTS Concordance between BMI, TPBF and RFM for obesity classification was 84% among female and 82.9% among male students. The Bayesian analysis revealed a combined prevalence means of obesity of 9.4% (95%CI: 6.9-12.2%) among female students and 6.7% (95%CI:4.3-9.5%) among male students. The odds of obesity were increased between 1.8 and 2.5 for females depending on the classification index. A significant increasing trend of obesity was observed with university-level. A family history of obesity was associated with a high estimate of general, central, and high TPBF. CONCLUSION Using multiple adiposity indicators conjointly in a Bayesian framework offers a greater power to examine obesity prevalence. We have applied this and reported high obesity prevalence, especially among female students. University level and family history of obesity were key determinants for obesity among the student population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Evans Asamoah Adu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Enoch Odame Anto
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - George Osei-Somuah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Patience Nyarkoa Ansong
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander Owusu Boakye
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ivy Ofori-Boadu
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yaa Obirikorang
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Eric Ny Nyarko
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia
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Nazari M, Mirzaie K, Keshavarz S. Association between Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) and some novel anthropometric indices, including Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Body Adiposity Index (BAI), in Iranian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:172. [PMID: 38475785 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthropometry is a reliable method to assess obesity status, and previous studies have shown the association of several dietary quality scores with obesity using anthropometric indices. This study aimed to evaluate the association between LLDS and anthropometric measurements. METHODS A total of 217 women between the ages of 18 and 48 participated in the study. Anthropometric values, biochemical tests, and body composition were assessed for each participant using standard protocols and methods. The LLDS was determined based on 12 components using a reliable and valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that contained 147 items. RESULTS We detected a marginally significant inverse association between the LLDS and VAI scores in the second tertile. Study participants in the second tertile of LLDS had lower odds of having high VAI than those in the reference tertile after adjusting for age, energy intake, physical activity, education, and economic status (OR: -0.16; 95% CI: -0.8, 0.06; P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant trend for the association between LLDS and all assessed anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI, across tertiles of LLDS in the crude and all adjusted models (P-trend > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant association between LLDS and some novel anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI. However, after adjusting for probable confounders, a marginally significant inverse association between LLDS and VAI was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaie
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedali Keshavarz
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Grams AC, Acevedo AM, Price P, Alvarez K, Nowlen M, Morton R, Campa E, Zeigler ZS. Body Mass Index Superior to Body Adiposity Index in Predicting Adiposity in Female Collegiate Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2024; 16:1487-1498. [PMID: 38288076 PMCID: PMC10824313 DOI: 10.70252/cjwq8241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is moderately correlated with %Fat and often used to assess obesity in athletes. Limited research assesses BMI as a surrogate for %Fat in female collegiate athletes. Body Adiposity Index (BAI) is an anthropometric measurement suggested to be superior to BMI at predicting adiposity but has not been well assessed within female athletic populations. This study aimed to determine if BAI is superior to other anthropometric indices to predict %Fat in female collegiate athletes and college-aged female non-athletes. Collegiate female athletes and female non-athletes were invited into the laboratory for anthropometrics and %Fat measurements via BOD POD. BAI was calculated as Hip Circumference/Height1.5 - 18. Eighty-eight female non-athletes and 72 female athletes from soccer (n = 27), softball (n = 28), and basketball (n = 17) completed the study. Using BMI, 19% of non-athletes had a false positive (FP). Sensitivity of BMI in non-athletes was 85.5%, while specificity was 73%. 16% of athletes had a FP. Sensitivity of BMI within athletes was 100%, specificity was 81%. BMI outperformed BAI in athletic (BMI: r = .725, p < .001; BAI: r = .556, p < .001) and nonathletic (BMI: r = .650, p < .001; BAI: r = .499, p < .001) groups. The strongest anthropometric predictor of %Fat within the non-athlete population was BMI (r2 = .42, p < .001). Waist circumference was the strongest predictor in the athletic population (r2 = .62, p < .001). BMI outperformed BAI in its ability to predict %Fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika C Grams
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Anthony M Acevedo
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Payton Price
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kyli Alvarez
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Malia Nowlen
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Riley Morton
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Estephania Campa
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zachary S Zeigler
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Ivan EBC, Teresa EG, Catalina LS, Alberto Francisco RG, Elena RVD. Gender Differences in the Predictive Value of Obesity Indices for Insulin Resistance in Adult Mexican Individuals. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:1640-1650. [PMID: 38415492 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303284893240215070923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-linked insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for metabolic diseases, and anthropometric indices are commonly used for risk assessment. AIM The study aimed to assess possible differences between women and men in the predictive value and association of nine obesity indices with IR, as assessed by HOMA-IR, in a nondiabetic adult population. METHODS The cross-sectional study included individuals recruited from a hospital in Mexico City. Indices evaluated were waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index, body adiposity index (BAI), relative fat mass (RFM), and conicity index (CI). Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured to calculate HOMA-IR. Correlation analysis was performed between obesity indices and HOMA-IR. Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses were performed to determine predictive accuracy and cut-off values of obesity indices for IR. A binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis with OR calculation was performed to determine the strength of association with HOMA-IR. RESULTS We included 378 individuals (59% females, mean age 46.38 ±12.25 years). The highest Pearson coefficient value was observed for BMI among women, while among men, the highest values were found for BMI and BAI. WC among women, and BAI and RFM among men showed the highest sensitivity, while the highest specificity was observed for WHR among women and WC among men with respect to insulin prediction. In the adjusted BLR model, BMI, WC, and WHR among women and WC and RFM and BAI among men were independently associated with IR, showing the highest odds ratio (OR). CONCLUSION In Mexican adults, WC, WHR, RFM and BAI could be complementary tools for BMI in screening for IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizalde-Barrera Cesar Ivan
- Department of Internal Medicine. Hospital General de Zona Numero 30, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Eje 4 Sur, Av. Pdte. Plutarco Elías Calles 473, Santa Anita, Iztacalco, 08300 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Estrada-Garcia Teresa
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN. Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360 Ciudad de México
| | - Lopez-Saucedo Catalina
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN. Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360 Ciudad de México
| | - Rubio-Guerra Alberto Francisco
- Metabolic and Research Clinic, Hospital General de Ticomán, SS DF. Plan de San Luis s/n, La Purísima Ticoman, Gustavo A. Madero, 07330 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ramirez-Velasco Diana Elena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital GeneraI de Zona No 3, San Juan del Río Queretaro, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Queretaro, Mexico, Calle Paseo Central Km. 0+600, Los Arrayanes, San Juan Del Río, 76908 Querétaro, México
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Ghosh S, Purcell SA, Martin K, Lima I, Prado CM. Ability of Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Metabolic Health among Patients in Alberta: A Cross-sectional Study in Primary Care. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2023; 84:167-170. [PMID: 36883645 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2022-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study compared anthropometric and body fat percent (BF%) equations in relation to measures of metabolic health.Methods: BF% calculations (Bergman, Fels, and Woolcott) and anthropometric measurements were used to determine obesity among a sample of patients attending primary care in Alberta, Canada. Anthropometric variables included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist:hip ratio, waist:height ratio, and calculated BF%. Metabolic Z-score was computed as the average of the individual Z-scores of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose and the number of standard deviations from the sample mean.Results: Five hundred and fourteen individuals were included (41.2% male, age: 53 ± 16y, BMI: 27.4 ± 5.7 kg/m2). BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 detected the smallest number of participants (n = 137) as having obesity, while Woolcott BF% equation categorized the largest number of participants as having obesity (n = 369). No anthropometric or BF% calculation predicted metabolic Z-score in males (all p ≥ 0.05). In females, age-adjusted waist:height ratio had the highest prediction power (R2 = 0.204, p < 0.001), followed by age-adjusted waist circumference (R2 = 0.200, p < 0.001) and age-adjusted BMI (R2 = 0.178, p < 0.001).Conclusions: This study did not find evidence that BF% equations more strongly predicted metabolic Z-scores than other anthropometric values. In fact, all anthropometric and BF% variables were weakly related to metabolic health parameters, with apparent sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Ghosh
- Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology - University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences - University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah A Purcell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ken Martin
- Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN), Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, Stevanović V, Milešević J, Zeković M, Popović T, Jovanović J, Vidović NK. Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1065578. [PMID: 37545582 PMCID: PMC10397414 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fatty acids (FAs) composition and desaturase activities can be altered in different metabolic conditions, but the adiposity-independent associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations of FAs composition and estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical cardiometabolic risk indicators in non-diabetic Serbian women, and to investigate if these associations were independent of the level of adiposity and other confounders. Methods In 76 non-diabetic, otherwise healthy Serbian women, aged 24-68 years, with or without metabolic syndrome or obesity (BMI=23.6±5.6 kg/m2), FA composition in erythrocyte phospholipids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activities were estimated from product/precursor FAs ratios (D9D:16:1n-7/16:0; D6D:20:3n-6/18:2n-6; D5D:20:4n-6/20:3n-6). Correlations were made with anthropometric, biochemical (serum glucose, triacylglycerols, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, and their ratios) and clinical (blood pressure) indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Linear regression models were performed to test the independence of these associations. Results Estimated desaturase activities and certain FAs were associated with anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk: D9D, D6D, 16:1n-7 and 20:3n-6 were directly associated, while D5D and 18:0 were inversely associated. However, the associations with clinical and biochemical indicators were not independent of the associations with the level of adiposity, since they were lost after controlling for anthropometric indices. After controlling for multiple confounders (age, postmenopausal status, education, smoking, physical activity, dietary macronutrient intakes, use of supplements, alcohol consumption), the level of adiposity was the most significant predictor of desaturase activities and aforementioned FAs levels, and mediated their association with biochemical/clinical indicators. Vice versa, desaturase activities predicted the level of adiposity, but not other components of cardiometabolic risk (if the level of adiposity was accounted). While the associations of anthropometric indices with 16:1n-7, 20:3n-6, 18:0 and D9D and D6D activities were linear, the associations with D5D activity were the inverse U-shaped. The only adiposity-independent association of FAs profiles with the indicators of cardiometabolic risk was a positive association of 20:5n-3 with ALT/AST ratio, which requires further exploration. Discussion Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Kardum Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Tsuro U, Oladimeji KE, Pulido-Estrada GA, Apalata TR. The Effect of Cardiorespiratory Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension among HIV-Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy in Mthatha, South Africa. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1836. [PMID: 37444670 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is concerning. Physical activity is a proposed approach for managing and avoiding hypertension in this population. While cardiorespiratory exercises (CET) have been efficacious in the general population, its effectiveness in PLHIV on ART, especially in the study setting, in Mthatha is unknown. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to see if CET improves cardiorespiratory fitness in HAART-treated PLHIV with blood flow restriction (BFR) in Mthatha, South Africa. A quasi-experimental study with 98 participants (49 of whom were cases) was carried out. Cases were participants assigned to the CET intervention group that comprised of concurrent training as it included both aerobic and resistance exercise, matched on age and gender. The relationship between CET and hypertension was assessed using logistic regression after adjusting for possible confounding variables. At baseline, there was no significant difference between the physical characteristics of the two groups, and after the intervention, there was a significant difference. Obesity and central adiposity were identified as strong risk factors for hypertension. The findings also indicated that a reduction in waist circumference and body mass index had a significant positive association with hypertension treatment amongst the intervention group (p < 0.05). According to the results of the study, CET has the potential to be an efficient and economical non-pharmacological intervention for the management and control of hypertension in PLHIV. However, further study is required to establish how long, how intense, and what kind of exercise is best for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urgent Tsuro
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Kelechi Elizabeth Oladimeji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 0001, Gauteng, South Africa
| | | | - Teke Ruffin Apalata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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Xu S, Nianogo RA, Jaga S, Arah OA. Development and validation of a prediction equation for body fat percentage from measured BMI: a supervised machine learning approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8010. [PMID: 37198237 PMCID: PMC10192430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index is a widely used but poor predictor of adiposity in populations with excessive fat-free mass. Rigorous predictive models validated specifically in a nationally representative sample of the US population and that could be used for calibration purposes are needed. The objective of this study was to develop and validate prediction equations of body fat percentage obtained from Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry using body mass index (BMI) and socio-demographics. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 5931 and 2340 adults aged 20 to 69 in 1999-2002 and 2003-2006, respectively. A supervised machine learning using ordinary least squares and a validation set approach were used to develop and select best models based on R2 and root mean square error. We compared our findings with other published models and utilized our best models to assess the amount of bias in the association between predicted body fat and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Three models included BMI, BMI2, age, gender, education, income, and interaction terms and produced R-squared values of 0.87 and yielded the smallest standard errors of estimation. The amount of bias in the association between predicted BF% and elevated LDL from our best model was -0.005. Our models provided strong predictive abilities and low bias compared to most published models. Its strengths rely on its simplicity and its ease of use in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Roch A Nianogo
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
- California Center for Population Research (CCPR), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
- California Center for Population Research (CCPR), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Gioseffi C, Padilha PDC, Chaves GV, de Oliveira LC, Peres WAF. Body Weight, Central Adiposity, and Fasting Hyperglycemia Are Associated with Tumor Characteristics in a Brazilian Cohort of Women with Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224926. [PMID: 36432611 PMCID: PMC9698342 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of overweight, obesity, excess central adiposity, hyperglycemia, and diabetes mellitus with tumor characteristics in breast cancer. In this retrospective cohort study that enrolled 2127 women with breast cancer, the independent variables collected were fasting blood glucose, body mass index, central adiposity (waist circumference and waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR)), and waist-to-height ratio. The tumor characteristics (infiltrating, ductal grade, hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor, triple negative, size, lymph node involvement, and clinical stage) were the dependent variables. Most of the women were postmenopausal (73.5%), with an infiltrating tumor (83.0%), HR+ (82.0%), and overweight or obese (71.0%). For the premenopausal women, obesity was associated with grade 3 ductal tumor (odds ratio (OR): 1.70; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.09-2.66), triple negative (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08-3.24), and size ≥ 2 cm (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.36-3.56). For the postmenopausal women, obesity was associated with WHR, infiltrating tumor (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.56-1.95), size ≥ 2 cm (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.11-1.71), lymph node involvement (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.02-1.56), and stages III-IV (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.30-2.65). Excess body weight and central adiposity were associated with tumor aggressiveness characteristics in women with breast cancer, confirming the importance of nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gioseffi
- José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20560-120, Brazil
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Padilha
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Health Science Center, Campus Fundão, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Villaça Chaves
- José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20560-120, Brazil
| | - Livia Costa de Oliveira
- José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20560-120, Brazil
| | - Wilza Arantes Ferreira Peres
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Health Science Center, Campus Fundão, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Cybulska AM, Rachubińska K, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Drozd A, Pawlik J, Stachowska E, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Grochans E. Correlations between Fatty Acid Profile and Body Fat Distribution in Postmenopausal Women-A Cross Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:3865. [PMID: 36145241 PMCID: PMC9502591 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the fatty acid profile of the whole blood of postmenopausal women, taking into account anthropometric parameters. The study involved 156 healthy women with an average age of 60 (SD = 6.3 years) years who were living in the West Pomerania Province (Poland). An original questionnaire was presented to all patients, conducting anthropometric measurements of them: weight, height, waist and hip circumference, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and body adipose index (BAI), as well as an assessment of the fatty acid profile by employing gas chromatography. It has been observed that in menopausal women, the concentration of C16:1 increases with respect to their BMI (r = 0.205 p = 0.01). Similar correlations were noted with regard to body weight (C16:1 r = 0.177 p = 0.029). It was also shown that the concentration of C18trans11 (r = -0.166 p = 0.039), 18:2n6 (r = -0.165 p = 0.04) and n6/n9 (r = -0.194 p = 0.015) were negatively correlated with respect to their WHR, while the levels C16:1 (r = 0.22 p = 0.006), C18:1n9 (r = 0.22 p = 0.007), C24:1 (r = 0.251 p = 0.002), MUFA (r = 0.227 p = 0.046) and n9 (r = 0.224 p = 0.005) were correlated positively with respect to their BAI. The fatty acid profile of the whole blood of postmenopausal women is modulated to a poor extent by anthropometric variables. Therefore, more prospective research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arleta Drozd
- Department Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Pawlik
- Institut für Nephrologie und Dialyse Salem-Spital, Schänzlistrasse 39, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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20
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Ribeiro da Costa JR, da Costa RF, Goncalves CAM, de Oliveira Borges MV, Almeida-Neto PFD, De Assis GG, Cabral BGDAT, Dantas PMS. The Body Adiposity Index is not applicable to the Brazilian adult population. Front Nutr 2022; 9:888507. [PMID: 36091231 PMCID: PMC9453421 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.888507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a serious disease that burdens public health systems around the world. It is a risk factor for the development of several non-communicable chronic diseases that are related to the amount and distribution of body fat. Body composition assessment using simple and low-cost techniques can help in the early detection of excess fat, allowing for the prevention and treatment of both obesity and associated diseases. Thus, identifying and proposing valid anthropometric indices for this purpose can be a great ally of health programs. Objective To verify the validity of the Body Adiposity Index (BAI) in relation to Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) for estimating body fat percentage in Brazilian adults, as well as to propose a new mathematical model to estimate the fat-free mass of this population. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 424 subjects (of which 220 were women), aged between 20 and 59 years, were evaluated by BAI and DXA, then randomly divided into two groups stratified by sex: the development group (n = 283) and the cross-validation group (n = 141). Statistical analyses to test the validity of BAI as a predictor of fat mass, in addition to proposing a new mathematical model for estimating fat-free mass, using DXA as a reference method. The analysis included paired t-test, stepwise multiple regression, coefficient of concordance correlation, and Bland-Altman plots. Results The BAI validity analysis showed a low correlation coefficient of agreement [CCC = 0.626; ρ (precision) = 0.795; Cb(accuracy) = 0.787]; in addition, the mean difference in the Bland-Altman plot was different from zero in the cross-validation group (p < 0.01) and limits of agreement (LOA) ranged between−8.0 and 14.4 kg, indicating a poor agreement between the BAI and the reference method. The new mathematical model for estimating FFM showed a high correlation coefficient of agreement (CCC = 0.952; ρ = 0.953; Cb = 0.999), in addition to acceptable LOA in the Bland-Altman plot (-6.7 and 6.7). Conclusion In the studied sample, the BAI showed low validity for estimating body fat, while the new proposed model was found to be a good option to assess the body composition of Brazilian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paulo Francisco De Almeida-Neto
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Paulo Francisco De Almeida-Neto
| | - Gilmara Gomes De Assis
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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21
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Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Lesani A, Majdi M, Shab-Bidar S. Association of chronotype with eating habits and anthropometric measures in a sample of Iranian adults. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-9. [PMID: 35730129 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522001842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of consistency in the literature that shows a relationship between chronotype, habits of eating and obesity in Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 individuals aged ≥ 18 years, selected from health houses of Tehran, Iran. Chronotype was assessed by Horne and Ostberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire. Specific eating habits, including breakfast skipping, intakes of fruits and vegetables, fast food, processed meats, soft drinks, coffee and tea, were assessed by dietary recalls. Weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio, visceral adiposity index, body roundness index and body adiposity index were based on measured values. We used logistic regression to investigate the association between chronotypes and anthropometric measures as well as eating habits. Morning- and intermediate/evening-type chronotypes accounted for 51·4 and 48·6 % of the total individuals, respectively. Moreover, intermediate/evening-type chronotypes were shown to have a lower education of diploma (53 %), employed (49·9 %) and smokers (11·6 %) compared with morning types (both sexes). We found that intermediate/evening-type chronotypes might not be significantly related to higher anthropometric measures and following unhealthy eating habits after controlling for confounders in men and women (all P > 0·05). Overall, both anthropometric measures and specific eating habits were not related to chronotype among Iranian adults. Further studies are needed to clarify these relations and to consider sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Lesani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Majdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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22
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Minetto MA, Pietrobelli A, Busso C, Bennett JP, Ferraris A, Shepherd JA, Heymsfield SB. Digital Anthropometry for Body Circumference Measurements: European Phenotypic Variations throughout the Decades. J Pers Med 2022; 12:906. [PMID: 35743690 PMCID: PMC9224732 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes body circumference-based anthropometrics that are in common use for research and in some cases clinical application. These include waist and hip circumference-based central body indices to predict cardiometabolic risk: waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-thigh ratio, body adiposity index, a body shape index (ABSI), hip index (HI), and body roundness index (BRI). Limb circumference measurements are most often used to assess sarcopenia and include: thigh circumference, calf circumference, and mid-arm circumference. Additionally, this review presents fascinating recent developments in optic-based imaging technologies that have elucidated changes over the last decades in average body size and shape in European populations. The classical apple and pear shape concepts of body shape difference remain useful, but novel and exciting 3-D optical "e-taper" measurements provide a potentially powerful new future vista in anthropometrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Alessandro Minetto
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Angelo Pietrobelli
- Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.P.); (S.B.H.)
- Paediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Busso
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Jonathan P. Bennett
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA; (J.P.B.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Andrea Ferraris
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.F.)
| | - John A. Shepherd
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA; (J.P.B.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Steven B. Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.P.); (S.B.H.)
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23
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Ge Q, Li M, Xu Z, Qi Z, Zheng H, Cao Y, Huang H, Duan X, Zhuang X. Comparison of different obesity indices associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among different sex and age groups in Nantong, China: a cross-section study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:20. [PMID: 34979974 PMCID: PMC8725504 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02713-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the obesity index that is most closely related to type 2 diabetes remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the associations of five anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], body adiposity index, waist circumference [WC], waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) with T2DM among Chinese adults divided into four groups according to sex and age. Methods A total of 4007 adult participants (1669 men and 2338 women) were included in the study. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were used with binary logistic regression models to estimate the risk of T2DM for each obesity index. Furthermore, we compared the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of each obesity index for the criterion of T2DM under the influence of risk factors. Results WC had the highest OR (3.211 and 1.452) and AUC (0.783 and 0.614) in both age groups of men. However, WHtR (OR = 2.366, AUC = 0.771) and BMI (OR = 1.596, AUC = 0.647) were the optimal criteria for predicting T2DM among females in the 18–59 and ≥ 60 years age groups, respectively. Conclusions This study suggests that there is a positive association between obesity-related anthropometric indices and T2DM in different sex and age groups. WC appears to be the optimal anthropometric index for predicting T2DM in men. The optimal obesity indices related to T2DM were WHtR and BMI for women aged 18–59 and ≥ 60 years, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Zhengcheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Zhigang Qi
- Nantong Chongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226000, China
| | - Huiyan Zheng
- Nantong Chongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226000, China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xiaoyang Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
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24
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Agreement of measures between measured body adiposity and calculated indices of fatness in sedentary and active male and female students. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2022-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: Our study was undertaken to analyze agreement between measured body fat and different indices of fatness in students of both sexes and with different physical activity.
Materials and methods: A total of 330 students not engaged in regular physical activity (150 males and 180 females) and 356 students (180 males and 176 females) engaged in regular physical activity due to their study program (5–7 h/week) were recruited. In all participants body adiposity was measured from skinfold thickness. In addition, calculated indices of fatness based on waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), such as abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI) and relative fat mass (RFM) were calculated.
Results: The analysis of Bland-Altman plots revealed that agreement between measured and calculated body fat was found for RFM and BAI in sedentary and active men and for BAI in sedentary women, but not for measured body fat and RFM in sedentary women and for RFM and BAI in active women.
Discussion: Our study showed that in young adult Poles of both sexes and with different physical activity, the calculated obesity rates should be used with caution, especially in women, as an indicator of total body fat.
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25
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Hassan NE, El-Masry SA, El-Saeed GSM, El Hussieny MS. Lipid Accumulation Product as an Index for Visceral Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk among a Sample of Obese Egyptian Women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is one of the indices that can demonstrate cardiovascularrisk factors according to international studies. Aim: To evaluate relationship between LAP, visceral obesity and different cardio vascular risk factors among sample of obese Egyptian Women. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study included 350 obese Egyptian women; aged 25- 55 years. They were subjected to blood pressure and anthropometric assessment (weight, height and waist circumference), abdominal ultrasound (visceral fat) and laboratory tests (fasting blood sugar and lipid profile).Results: The majority of the participated women had wide WC (88.9%) and increased visceral fat (80.6%). Hyperglycemia was present among (47.4%), hypertension among 42.6%, high triglycerides among 26.6% and low HDL among 44.3%. The odds of obtaining LAP >80.74 cm.mmol/L (4th quartile) is 2.7 times higher in individuals with hypertension(BP > 130/85),and 6.79 times higher in individuals with visceral fat ≥ 5 cm. Depending on the visceral fat as a standard for classification of visceral obesity (>5 cm for women), revealed that the AUCs of LAP was 0.752 (95% CI 0.697–0.806) in women. The cutoff point of LAP;for prediction of visceral obesity among Egyptian women, was 61.69; using ROC analysis; with sensitivity 68% and specificity 75% and PPV/NPV 1.05 and accuracy 71.5% .Conclusion: LAP index had significant correlations with visceral obesity and hypertension. The cutoff point of LAP 61.69 can be used to predict visceral obesity among Egyptian women.
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26
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Naghshband Z, Kumar L, Mandappa S, Niranjana Murthy AS, Malini SS. Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product as diagnostic markers of Metabolic Syndrome in South Indians with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2021; 14:234-243. [PMID: 34759612 PMCID: PMC8527071 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_12_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the debilitating consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Early diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with a simple but accurate method can reduce the risk of progression to CVD in PCOS. AIMS This study aimed to determine the accuracy of various anthropometric indices and lipid accumulation product (LAP), in assessing the risk of MetS in PCOS. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study including 150 PCOS women and 100 control subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anthropometric parameters were measured and calculated. Lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and insulin were estimated. MetS was detected according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were applied to determine the potential association of anthropometric indices such as body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, conicity index (CI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), and a body shape index (ABSI) and LAP with MetS. RESULTS In our study of PCOS women of the south Indian population, the prevalence of MetS was 59.3%, which was higher than other populations and the cutoff values of VAI and LAP were 6.05 and 53, respectively. VAI showed the strongest association with MetS, followed by diastolic blood pressure BP, FPG, and LAP. CONCLUSIONS We recommend VAI and LAP as new indices for MetS diagnosis. As these indices exhibit population specificity, it is imperative that independent cutoffs are determined for every demographic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Naghshband
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmi Kumar
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonia Mandappa
- Mother's Care Clinic and Ashwini Hospital, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashitha S. Niranjana Murthy
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suttur S. Malini
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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27
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Barajas-Martínez A, Ibarra-Coronado E, Fossion R, Toledo-Roy JC, Martínez-Garcés V, López-Rivera JA, Tello-Santoyo G, Lavin RD, Gómez JL, Stephens CR, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Estañol B, Torres N, Tovar AR, Resendis-Antonio O, Hiriart M, Frank A, Rivera AL. Sex Differences in the Physiological Network of Healthy Young Subjects. Front Physiol 2021; 12:678507. [PMID: 34045977 PMCID: PMC8144508 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.678507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Within human physiology, systemic interactions couple physiological variables to maintain homeostasis. These interactions change according to health status and are modified by factors such as age and sex. For several physiological processes, sex-based distinctions in normal physiology are present and defined in isolation. However, new methodologies are indispensable to analyze system-wide properties and interactions with the objective of exploring differences between sexes. Here we propose a new method to construct complex inferential networks from a normalization using the clinical criteria for health of physiological variables, and the correlations between anthropometric and blood tests biomarkers of 198 healthy young participants (117 women, 81 men, from 18 to 27 years old). Physiological networks of men have less correlations, displayed higher modularity, higher small-world index, but were more vulnerable to directed attacks, whereas networks of women were more resilient. The networks of both men and women displayed sex-specific connections that are consistent with the literature. Additionally, we carried out a time-series study on heart rate variability (HRV) using Physionet's Fantasia database. Autocorrelation of HRV, variance, and Poincare's plots, as a measure of variability, are statistically significant higher in young men and statistically significant different from young women. These differences are attenuated in older men and women, that have similar HRV distributions. The network approach revealed differences in the association of variables related to glucose homeostasis, nitrogen balance, kidney function, and fat depots. The clusters of physiological variables and their roles within the network remained similar regardless of sex. Both methodologies show a higher number of associations between variables in the physiological system of women, implying redundant mechanisms of control and simultaneously showing that these systems display less variability in time than those of men, constituting a more resilient system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barajas-Martínez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ibarra-Coronado
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruben Fossion
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Claudio Toledo-Roy
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vania Martínez-Garcés
- Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM-MD/PhD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio López-Rivera
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rusland D Lavin
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christopher R Stephens
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Bruno Estañol
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Frank
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,El Colegio Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Leonor Rivera
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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28
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Ge Q, Qi Z, Xu Z, Li M, Zheng H, Duan X, Chu M, Zhuang X. Comparison of different obesity indices related with hypertension among different sex and age groups in China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:793-801. [PMID: 33549448 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To compare the relationships of five obesity-related routine anthropometric indicators (body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)) for hypertension in both sexes and among different age groups of the Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 12,064 adult participants (5638 males and 6426 females) were included. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were used with binary logistic regression models to estimate the risk of hypertension for each obesity index. For the males, WHtR had the highest OR value in all age groups. The degrees of correlation between hypertension and the obesity indices for different age groups were different among the females. WC, BMI, and WHtR were the highest in the 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years age groups, respectively. Furthermore, we compared the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of each obesity index for the criterion of hypertension under the influence of risk factors. For the males, the AUC of WHtR was the largest (0.814, 0.710, and 0.662). WC (AUC = 0.820), BMI (AUC = 0.765), and WHtR (AUC = 0.668) tended to be the best criteria for hypertension among females in the 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years age groups respectively. In addition, BAI, as an obesity indicator proposed in recent years, has a positive association with hypertension except in 18-44 years women, which was not stronger than other obesity indicators. CONCLUSIONS For males, WHtR appears to be the best obesity index related with hypertension. For young, middle-aged, and elderly women, the best obesity indices related with hypertension are WC, BMI, and WHtR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhigang Qi
- Center for Disease Control of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Zhengcheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huiyan Zheng
- Center for Disease Control of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Minjie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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García-Gamboa R, Kirchmayr MR, Gradilla-Hernández MS, Pérez-Brocal V, Moya A, González-Avila M. The intestinal mycobiota and its relationship with overweight, obesity and nutritional aspects. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 34:645-655. [PMID: 33586805 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fungal community of the gastrointestinal tract has recently become of interest, and knowledge of its relationship with the development of obesity is scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cultivable fungal fraction from the microbiota and to analyze its relationship with obesity. METHODS Samples were taken from 99 participants with normal weight, overweight and obesity (n = 31, 34 and 34, respectively) and were cultivated in selective medium, and the cultivable yeasts were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anthropometric and biochemical measures were also evaluated. RESULTS Eutrophic, overweight and obese groups presented concentrations of 1.6, 2.16 and 2.19 log10 colony-forming units g-1 yeast, respectively. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the two identified phyla. At the genus level, Candida spp. showed a relatively high prevalence, and 10 different species were detected: Candida glabrata, Candida orthopsilosis, Candida lambica, Candida kefyr, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida valida, Candida parapsilosis, Candida utilis and Candida humilis (with relative abundances of 71.72%, 5.05%, 21.21%, 6.06%, 29.29%, 27.27%, 8.08%, 16.16%, 1.01% and 2.02%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The obese group presented a higher prevalence of Candida albicans. Furthermore, Candida albicans, Candida kefyr and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa showed a high positive correlation with obesity, weight gain and fat mass and showed a negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein and lean mass, parameters related to weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Manuel R Kirchmayr
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), València, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), València, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Integrative Systems Biology Institute (I2SysBio) Universitat de València and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Marisela González-Avila
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
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30
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Barajas-Martínez A, Ibarra-Coronado E, Sierra-Vargas MP, Cruz-Bautista I, Almeda-Valdes P, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Fossion R, Stephens CR, Vargas-Domínguez C, Atzatzi-Aguilar OG, Debray-García Y, García-Torrentera R, Bobadilla K, Naranjo Meneses MA, Mena Orozco DA, Lam-Chung CE, Martínez Garcés V, Lecona OA, Marín-García AO, Frank A, Rivera AL. Physiological Network From Anthropometric and Blood Test Biomarkers. Front Physiol 2021; 11:612598. [PMID: 33510648 PMCID: PMC7835885 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.612598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, research in physiology focuses on molecular mechanisms underlying the functioning of living organisms. Reductionist strategies are used to decompose systems into their components and to measure changes of physiological variables between experimental conditions. However, how these isolated physiological variables translate into the emergence -and collapse- of biological functions of the organism as a whole is often a less tractable question. To generate a useful representation of physiology as a system, known and unknown interactions between heterogeneous physiological components must be taken into account. In this work we use a Complex Inference Networks approach to build physiological networks from biomarkers. We employ two unrelated databases to generate Spearman correlation matrices of 81 and 54 physiological variables, respectively, including endocrine, mechanic, biochemical, anthropometric, physiological, and cellular variables. From these correlation matrices we generated physiological networks by selecting a p-value threshold indicating statistically significant links. We compared the networks from both samples to show which features are robust and representative for physiology in health. We found that although network topology is sensitive to the p-value threshold, an optimal value may be defined by combining criteria of stability of topological features and network connectedness. Unsupervised community detection algorithms allowed to obtain functional clusters that correlate well with current medical knowledge. Finally, we describe the topology of the physiological networks, which lie between random and ordered structural features, and may reflect system robustness and adaptability. Modularity of physiological networks allows to explore functional clusters that are consistent even when considering different physiological variables. Altogether Complex Inference Networks from biomarkers provide an efficient implementation of a systems biology approach that is visually understandable and robust. We hypothesize that physiological networks allow to translate concepts such as homeostasis into quantifiable properties of biological systems useful for determination and quantification of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barajas-Martínez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ibarra-Coronado
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martha Patricia Sierra-Vargas
- Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, Universidad La Salle, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ivette Cruz-Bautista
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Paloma Almeda-Valdes
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Ruben Fossion
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christopher R Stephens
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia Vargas-Domínguez
- Departamento de Investigación en Inmunología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Octavio Gamaliel Atzatzi-Aguilar
- Departamento de Investigación en Inmunología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Cátedras CONACYT, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Debray-García
- Departamento de Investigación en Inmunología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rogelio García-Torrentera
- Unidad de Urgencias Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Karen Bobadilla
- Departamento de Investigación en Inmunología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Augusta Naranjo Meneses
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Dulce Abril Mena Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - César Ernesto Lam-Chung
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vania Martínez Garcés
- Programa de Estudios Combinados en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Octavio A Lecona
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arlex O Marín-García
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Frank
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,El Colegio Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Leonor Rivera
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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31
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Sorino P, Caruso MG, Misciagna G, Bonfiglio C, Campanella A, Mirizzi A, Franco I, Bianco A, Buongiorno C, Liuzzi R, Cisternino AM, Notarnicola M, Chiloiro M, Pascoschi G, Osella AR. Selecting the best machine learning algorithm to support the diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A meta learner study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240867. [PMID: 33079971 PMCID: PMC7575109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Liver ultrasound scan (US) use in diagnosing Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) causes costs and waiting lists overloads. We aimed to compare various Machine learning algorithms with a Meta learner approach to find the best of these as a predictor of NAFLD. Methods The study included 2970 subjects, 2920 constituting the training set and 50, randomly selected, used in the test phase, performing cross-validation. The best predictors were combined to create three models: 1) FLI plus GLUCOSE plus SEX plus AGE, 2) AVI plus GLUCOSE plus GGT plus SEX plus AGE, 3) BRI plus GLUCOSE plus GGT plus SEX plus AGE. Eight machine learning algorithms were trained with the predictors of each of the three models created. For these algorithms, the percent accuracy, variance and percent weight were compared. Results The SVM algorithm performed better with all models. Model 1 had 68% accuracy, with 1% variance and an algorithm weight of 27.35; Model 2 had 68% accuracy, with 1% variance and an algorithm weight of 33.62 and Model 3 had 77% accuracy, with 1% variance and an algorithm weight of 34.70. Model 2 was the most performing, composed of AVI plus GLUCOSE plus GGT plus SEX plus AGE, despite a lower percentage of accuracy. Conclusion A Machine Learning approach can support NAFLD diagnosis and reduce health costs. The SVM algorithm is easy to apply and the necessary parameters are easily retrieved in databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sorino
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Caruso
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Misciagna
- Scientific and Ethical Committee, Polyclinic Hospital, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Campanella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Mirizzi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Isabella Franco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Bianco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Buongiorno
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosalba Liuzzi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cisternino
- Clinical Nutrition Outpatient Clinic, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Marisa Chiloiro
- San Giacomo Hospital Largo S. Veneziani, Monopoli, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pascoschi
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Rubén Osella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Vaňková M, Vacínová G, Včelák J, Vejražková D, Lukášová P, Rusina R, Holmerová I, Jarolímová E, Vaňková H, Bendlová B. Plasma levels of adipokines in patients with Alzheimer's disease - where is the "breaking point" in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis? Physiol Res 2020; 69:S339-S349. [PMID: 33094632 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral insulin resistance is associated with decreasing adiponectin and increasing leptin plasma levels, and also with cognitive decline. The effects of adipokines on brain function have been published from both animal and human studies. In particular, the influence of leptin and adiponectin on the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been extensively investigated. However, the association between adipsin and AD is as yet unknown. In 37 patients with AD and 65 controls that followed the same study protocol, we tested whether adiponectin, leptin, and adipsin could be used as biomarkers in the early stages of AD. In contrast with conclusions of cognition studies in insulin resistant states, our study found a correlation of impaired neuropsychological performance with increasing adiponectin and decreasing leptin in AD patients. Nevertheless, no significant differences between patients and controls were found. AD women had significantly increased adipsin compared to controls, and there was a positive correlation of adipsin with age and disease duration. Although adipokines do not appear to be suitable biomarkers for early AD diagnosis, they certainly play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Further studies will be needed to explain the cause of the adipokine "breaking point" that leads to the pathogenesis of overt AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vaňková
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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de Macêdo Cesário T, de Almeida-Neto PF, de Matos DG, Wells J, Aidar FJ, de Araújo Tinôco Cabral BG. Evaluation of the body adiposity index against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessing body composition in children and adolescents. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23503. [PMID: 32918370 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to clarify the association of lean and fat mass between children and adolescents considering the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in this age group. The aim of this study was to verify the association between the body adiposity index (BAI) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) methods for analyzing body composition, as well as analyzing the validity of BAI to verify the percentage of fat in children and adolescents. METHODS The sample was composed of 106 children and adolescents, 44 females (age: 11.5 ± 1.8 years) and 62 evils (13.6 ± 2.6 years). The body fat (%F) was measured using DXA and the doubly indirect BAI body fat estimation technique. RESULTS The BAI and DXA estimates of %F were strongly correlated (boys: r = .71, P < .0001; girls: r = .72, P < .0001). The linear regression analyses showed that BAI is significant to estimate the %F in total sample (P < .0001). For boys, the %F analyzes performed by BAI and DXA did not show any differences when compared (P = .2). In addition, BAI pointed out a significant proportion bias for both sexes (P < .0001), which suggests its inefficiency in the analysis of %F. CONCLUSIONS BAI and DXA correlate; however, there is low reliability and a high proportion bias for the analysis of %F by BAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatianny de Macêdo Cesário
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Dihogo Gama de Matos
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, Population, Policy and Practice Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Felipe J Aidar
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Master's level at Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.,Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Hamzeh B, Bagheri A, Pasdar Y, Darbandi M, Rezaeian S, Najafi F, Moradinazar M. Predicting metabolic syndrome by anthropometric measures among adults 35-65 years in the west of Iran; a cross sectional study from an Iranian RaNCD cohort data. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1293-1298. [PMID: 32755824 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Anthropometric indices have been proposed for the early detection of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors. The present study aimed to determine optimal cutoff points for the Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) in the prediction of MetS. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 9746 adults 35-65 years, recruited in Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the predictive validity and determine optimal cutoff values. RESULTS The optimal cutoff points for BMI, WC and WHR were 27.3 kg/m2 (AUC: 78.6; 95%CI 77.1, 80.1), 97 cm (AUC: 63.8; 95%CI 60.4, 67.2) and 0.95 (AUC: 75.5; 95% CI 73.9, 77.1), respectively in men for the prediction of MetS. But in women the optimal cutoff points for BMI, WC and WHR were 28.6 kg/m2 (AUC: 65.7; 95%CI 62.1, 69.4), 98.1 cm (AUC: 65.6; 95%CI 62.4,68.8) and 0.95 (AUC:62.39; 95%CI 60.9,63.9). The risk of MetS in men and women with a BMI higher than the optimal cutoff point was respectively 2.23 and 2.30 times higher than that in those with a WC lower than the cutoff point. CONCLUSIONS BMI is a better predictor of MetS than WC and WHR in adults 35-65 years. We recommend that the optimal cut off point be set for men 27.3 kg/m2 and for women 28.6 kg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Hamzeh
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Annani-Akollor ME, Laing EF, Addai-Mensah O, Fondjo LA, Adu EA, Owiredu EW. Population-derived cut-off for HbA1c could enhance the identification of metabolic syndrome among non-diabetic population. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04583. [PMID: 32775749 PMCID: PMC7396902 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disorder and a predisposing factor for diabetes, heart diseases, and stroke. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) has recently received considerable attention as a potential marker to identify subjects at risk of MetS. This study aimed at assessing the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the American Diabetes Association (ADA) HbA1c cut-off, and a population-derived HbA1c (pHbA1c) cut-off value as the glycaemic criterion for MetS in a non-diabetic population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 728 non-diabetic Ghanaian adults. Venous blood sample was obtained and fasting plasma insulin and glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were performed for each respondent. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS using the FPG, ADA HbA1c and pHbA1c criteria were 35.2%, 38.5% and 41.8%, respectively. The pHbA1c cut-off identified 6.6% and 3.3% more subjects with MetS when compared with FPG and the ADA HbA1c cut-offs, respectively while the ADA HbA1c cut-off identified 3.3% more subjects with MetS compared with the FPG criterion. The ADA HbA1c criterion showed a substantial agreement (ĸ = 0.79) with the FPG criterion while pHbA1c showed an almost perfect concordance (ĸ = 0.82) with the FPG criterion and an excellent sensitivity and specificity for identifying subjects with MetS in the study population. CONCLUSION Screening of MetS by introduction of the ADA HbA1c criterion in addition to the traditional FPG criterion enhances the detection of more people with MetS. However, the use of population-derived HbA1c cut-off value could potentially identify even greater number of high risk subjects in that specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Efui Annani-Akollor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Edwin Ferguson Laing
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Otchere Addai-Mensah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Evans Asamoah Adu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Measured resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and body composition in patients with narcolepsy: a preliminary report of a case-control study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11024. [PMID: 32620831 PMCID: PMC7335078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This case–control study compared the body composition, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and respiratory quotient (RQ) of narcolepsy patients with those of body mass index (BMI)- gender and age-matched controls. This study included 14 male patients with narcolepsy and 14 matched controls. The narcolepsy patients were subdivided into two subgroups (n = 7/each): those with cataplexy (NT1) and those without cataplexy (NT2). Anthropometric measurements, bioelectric impedance analysis, and indirect calorimetry were used in addition to the calculation of common body-composition indices (conicity index, abdominal volume index, and body adiposity index). Our results showed no significant difference in fat percentage, fat mass, fat-free mass, and TBW among NT1, NT2, and controls (p > 0.05). Compared to matched controls, there was a reduction of muscle mass in both NT1 and NT2 subgroups. The RMR was similar in all groups, while patients in the NT1/NT2 subgroups had a lower RQ, used more fat and fewer carbohydrates during the fasting period. These findings give an insight into the distinctive state of altered metabolism in patients with narcolepsy, especially the resting metabolic rate, which was not altered in NT1 vs. NT2 compared to the controls when matched for BMI, age, and gender.
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Courville AB, Yang SB, Andrus S, Hayat N, Kuemmerle A, Leahy E, Briker S, Zambell K, Chung S, Sumner AE. Body adiposity measured by bioelectrical impedance is an alternative to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in black Africans: The Africans in America Study. Nutrition 2020; 74:110733. [PMID: 32179385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease has risen in Africa and parallels the obesity epidemic. To assess cardiometabolic risk, body composition measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are ideal. In communities with limited resources, alternative measures may be useful but have not been compared extensively in black Africans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify alternative methods of body composition assessment, such as body adiposity index (BAI) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), for use in African-born blacks. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with African-born blacks. BAI and five BIA predictive equations (using variations of height, weight, age, sex, and impedance) were compared with DXA to estimate percent fat. Participants were 266 African-born blacks (39 ± 10 y, body mass index 28 ± 4 kg/m2, and 68% men) living in metropolitan Washington DC. Equivalence (90% confidence interval, -3 to 3), concordance, and Bland-Altman analyses (bias <2%, R2 closest to zero) compared BAI or BIA predictive equations to DXA as the criterion method. RESULTS DXA percent fat was 27.2% ± 5.5% and 40.3% ± 6.9% in men and women, respectively. BAI underestimated percent fat in men (bias: 1.88 ± 4.71, R2 = 0.25, P < 0.001) and women (bias: 6.47 ± 4.94, R2 = 0.08, P = 0.01). Of the five BIA predictive equations, the equation reported by Sun et al. had the best agreement with DXA percent fat for men (bias: -0.91 ± 3.67, R2 = 0.02, P = 0.05) and women (bias: -0.92 ± 4.02, R2 = 0.003, P = 0.58). Percent fat from the Sun et al. equation best agreed with DXA percent fat. CONCLUSION BIA with the Sun et al. predictive equation was the best alternative to DXA for body fat assessment in African-born blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber B Courville
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | - Shanna B Yang
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Andrus
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nosheen Hayat
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anneliese Kuemmerle
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Leahy
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Briker
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kirsten Zambell
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie Chung
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anne E Sumner
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Minority Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To propose a new anthropometric index that can be employed to better predict percent body fat (PBF) among young adults and to compare with current anthropometric indices. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING All measurements were taken in a controlled laboratory setting in Seoul (South Korea), between 1 December 2015 and 30 June 2016. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-seven young adults (18-35 years) who underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were used for analysis. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to develop a body fat index (BFI) using simple demographic and anthropometric information. Correlations of DXA measured PBF (DXA_PBF) with previously developed anthropometric indices and the BFI were analysed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to compare the ability of anthropometric indices to identify obese individuals. RESULTS BFI showed a strong correlation with DXA_PBF (r = 0·84), which was higher than the correlations of DXA_PBF with the traditional (waist circumference, r = 0·49; waist to height ratio, r = 0·68; BMI, r = 0·36) and alternate anthropometric indices (a body shape index, r = 0·47; body roundness index, r = 0·68; body adiposity index, r = 0·70). Moreover, the BFI showed higher accuracy at identifying obese individuals (area under the curve (AUC) = 0·91), compared with the other anthropometric indices (AUC = 0·71-0·86). CONCLUSIONS The BFI can accurately predict DXA_PBF in young adults, using simple demographic and anthropometric information that are commonly available in research and clinical settings. However, larger representative studies are required to build on our findings.
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Yeşil E, Köse B, Özdemir M. Is Body Adiposity Index a Better and Easily Applicable Measure for Determination of Body Fat? J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 39:700-705. [PMID: 32155104 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1727378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The BAI can be used to reflect %body fat. This study aimed to compare BAI with other methods used in the determination of body fat.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Turkish adults. BAI, BMI, WHR, WHtR, body weight, hip and waist circumference (WC), skinfold thicknesses (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac) were measured. Body fat was measured using Bioelectric Impedance Analysis.Results: The Bland-Altman analyses conducted in this study showed that for % body fat estimations, BIA was in excellent agreement with skinfold measurements (p = 0.131) without proportional bias (p = 0.082), but that BAI was not in agreement with BIA and skinfold measurement. There were a statistically significant positive correlation between BAI and other measurements in terms of females and males and also regardless of sex.Conclusion: BAI was not in agreement with BIA and skinfold measurement methods for % body fat estimations, it had a significantly stronger correlation with % fat calculated using BIA and skinfold thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Yeşil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Baskent Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beril Köse
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Baskent Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Özdemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Baskent Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey
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Luordi C, Maddaloni E, Bizzarri C, Pedicelli S, Zampetti S, D'Onofrio L, Moretti C, Cappa M, Buzzetti R. Wrist circumference is a biomarker of adipose tissue dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:101-107. [PMID: 31347024 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between wrist circumference, markers of adipose dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk in youths with obesity. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we measured body mass composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, wrist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fasting blood insulin, glucose, lipid profile, adiponectin, and leptin in 280 children with overweight/obesity and without diabetes (age: 7-18 years). Cardiovascular risk was estimated by "metabolic syndrome score" (MetS score). RESULTS Study participants had median [25th-75th percentile] wrist circumference of 17.5 [16.7-18.5] cm and waist-to-height ratio of 0.62 [0.59-0.67]. Lower adiponectin-leptin ratio was found among subjects in the upper 50th percentiles of wrist circumference [0.17 (0.09-0.36) vs. 0.38 (0.16-0.79); p < 0.001]. Wrist circumference was independently associated with MetS score (r = 0.5 p < 0.001). Among MetS score components, an independent association between wrist circumference HDLc, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure was found (r = - 0.253 p < 0.001; r =+ 0.204 p < 0.001; r = + 0.403 p = < 0.001, respectively). The coefficient of determination for MetS score was nominally higher when considering wrist circumference as independent variable (Adj-R2 = 0.30) then when considering body mass index SD (Adj-R2 = 0.28), waist-to-height ratio (Adj-R2 = 0.26) or truncal fat percentage (Adj-R2 = 0.01). The addition of wrist circumference in age and gender adjusted models, accounting to any other anthropometric parameters, resulted in a significant improvement of the Adj-R2 (p < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that wrist circumference independently relates to adiponectin-leptin ratio and to the prediction of cardiovascular risk, suggesting it as an efficient and adjunctive anthropometric marker of cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Luordi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Maddaloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - C Bizzarri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Pedicelli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Zampetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - L D'Onofrio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - C Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cappa
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - R Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Tong Y, Han E. Associations between body shape, body adiposity and other indices: a case study of hypertension in Chinese children and adolescents. Ann Hum Biol 2019; 46:460-466. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2019.1688864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghe Tong
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Han
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Shannon CA, Brown JR, Del Pozzi AT. Comparison of Body Composition Prediction Equations with Air Displacement Plethysmography in Overweight and Obese Caucasian Males. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2019; 12:1034-1044. [PMID: 31839847 PMCID: PMC6886611 DOI: 10.70252/lcuf7730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) has been used for years by clinicians to approximate total body fat. However, the body adiposity index (BAI), body adiposity index from the FELS longitudinal study (BAIFELS), and an equation developed by Deurenberg et al. (BFD) were created recently to offset BMI's limitations and accurately estimate percent body fat (%BF). The prevalence of overweight and obese Caucasian men is increasing in the United States; currently, there is no established way to quickly and accurately predict their %BF. PURPOSE To compare the existing %BF equations (BAI, BAIFELS, and BFD) to measured %BF via air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in order to determine the most accurate way to predict %BF in overweight and obese Caucasian men. METHODS Four hundred and fifty-two Caucasian men aged from 18 to 76, with a BMI of 25.0 to 42.4 kg/m2, participated in this study. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body composition using ADP were measured on each participant. These measurements were inserted into the three equations to determine any differences between the equations and the actual %BF measured by ADP. RESULTS Differences in %BF between ADP and the BAI (p < 0.001) and ADP and the BAIFELS (p < 0.001) were discovered. While no differences (p = 1.00) between ADP and BFD existed. CONCLUSION In a population of overweight and obese Caucasian adults from the United States, the BAI and BAIFELS are not appropriate to predict %BF while the BFD prediction equation proved worthy of consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley A Shannon
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Justin R Brown
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Andrew T Del Pozzi
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
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Wang Z, He S, Chen X. Capacity of different anthropometric measures to predict diabetes in a Chinese population in southwest China: a 15-year prospective study. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1261-1267. [PMID: 31215075 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether conicity index, abdominal volume index, body adiposity index, body roundness index, cardiometabolic index and lipid accumulation product compared with waist circumference could predict future diabetes in a 15-year prospective study. METHODS The data were collected in 1992 and recollected in 2007 from the same group of 687 individuals. Anthropometric indices and biochemical data were obtained. Cox's proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios of anthropometric measures. The discriminatory power of anthropometric measures for incident diabetes were assessed by Harrell's C-statistic. RESULTS During follow-up, 74 participants were newly diagnosed with diabetes. In multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjusting potential for confounders, log10 -conicity index [HR: 1.67 (95% CI: 1.31-2.11) per sd; P < 0.0001], log10 -abdominal volume index [HR: 1.95 (95% CI: 1.50-2.55) per sd; P < 0.0001], log10 -body adiposity index [HR: 1.82 (95% CI: 1.33-2.50) per sd; P < 0.0001], log10 -body roundness index [HR: 2.16 (95% CI: 1.63-2.88) per sd; P < 0.0001], log10 -cardiometabolic index [HR: 1.70 (95% CI: 1.39-2.09) per sd; P < 0.0001], log10 -lipid accumulation product [HR: 2.06 (95% CI: 1.56-2.73) per sd; P < 0.0001] and log10 -waist circumference [HR: 1.99 (95% CI: 1.51-2.46) per sd; P < 0.0001] were significantly associated with incident diabetes. Additionally, lipid accumulation product had the highest Harrell's C-statistic at 0.715 (95% CI: 0.656-0.775), followed by body roundness index at 0.714 (95% CI: 0.658-0.770) and cardiometabolic index at 0.704 (95% CI: 0.643-0.764) then by waist circumference at 0.701 (95% CI: 0.644-0.759). CONCLUSIONS Conicity index, abdominal volume index, body adiposity index, body roundness index, cardiometabolic index and lipid accumulation product were independent predictors of future diabetes. The discriminatory power of body roundness index, cardiometabolic index and lipid accumulation product for diabetes prediction were higher than that of waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - S He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Owiredu WKBA, Ofori PN, Turpin CA, Obirikorang C, Acheampong E, Anto EO, Owiredu EW, Adu EA. Weight management merits attention in women with infertility: a cross-sectional study on the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance in a Ghanaian population. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:545. [PMID: 31455408 PMCID: PMC6712643 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study determined the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance among infertile women in a Ghanaian population. RESULTS Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (18.47 vs. 8.67, p-value = 0.002), and luteinizing hormone (LH) (12.43 vs. 8.01, p-value = 0.044) were higher in women with primary infertility compared with women presenting with secondary infertility. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) showed significant negative partial correlation with prolactin in both primary and secondary infertile women. Also a significant negative partial correlation was observed between BMI and prolactin in secondary infertile women only. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) showed a positive association with LH in both primary and secondary infertility. WHR also showed significant positive correlation to LH/FSH ratio in secondary infertility whereas body adiposity index (BAI) showed a negative correlation to LH/FSH ratio. In a correlation analysis of anthropometric measures with hormonal profile and causes of infertility as a fixed factor, the association between anthropometric indices and fertility hormones was largely dependent on the underlying causes of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- William K. B. A. Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Peter Ntim Ofori
- Independent Development Research Consultant, Total Family Health Organization, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Enoch Odame Anto
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Evans Asamoah Adu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Obirikorang C, Owiredu WKBA, Adu-Afram S, Acheampong E, Asamoah EA, Antwi-Boasiakoh EK, Owiredu EW. Assessing the variability and predictability of adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin and their ratios) in non-obese and obese women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:513. [PMID: 31416473 PMCID: PMC6696689 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the variability and predictability of adiponectin, leptin, resistin and their ratios in non-obese and obese women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (aPCOS). Results A total of 52 ovulatory controls (mean age = 31.63 ± 4.88 years, BMI = 25.33 ± 2.68 kg/m2); 54 non-obese (mean age = 32.11 ± 4.25 years, BMI = 25.72 ± 2.95 kg/m2) and 50 obese women with aPCOS (mean age = 33.64 ± 4.14 years, BMI = 39.19 ± 2.99 kg/m2) were recruited. The aPCOS group had lower adiponectin [13.0 (10.49–16.59) vs 18.42 (15.72–19.92) µg/ml, p < 0.0001], adiponectin: leptin ratio (A:L) [0.60 (0.35–0.88) vs 1.19 (0.92–1.37), p < 0.0001], and adiponectin: resistin ratio (A:R) [0.30 (0.21–0.43) vs 0.42 (0.32–0.62), p < 0.0001] but a higher leptin [20.02 (14.54–26.80) vs 16.17 (14.51–18.36) ng/ml, p < 0.0001] and leptin: resistin ratio (L:R) [0.53 (0.37–0.82) vs 0.40 (0.27–0.48), p < 0.0001] compared to the controls. The obese aPCOS group had lower adiponectin [11.04 (5.66–13.25) vs 14.18 (11.04–18.02), p < 0.0001 and 18.42 (15.72–19.92) µg/ml, p < 0.0001], A:L [0.36 (0.27–0.44) vs 0.78 (0.61–1.16), p < 0.0001 and 1.19 (0.92–1.37), p < 0.0001], and A:R [0.24 (0.17–0.38) vs 0.40 (0.23–0.58), p < 0.0001 and 0.42 (0.32–0.62), p < 0.0001] but a higher leptin [26.80 (14.28–32.09) vs 17.95 (14.86–21.26), p < 0.05 and 16.17 (14.51–18.36) ng/ml, p < 0.0001] and L:R [0.63 (0.46–1.03) vs 0.41 (0.30–0.61), p < 0.0001 and 0.40 (0.27–0.48), p < 0.0001] compared to the non-obese aPCOS and control group, respectively. A:L showed the best discriminatory power in predicting aPCOS (AUC = 0.83), followed by adiponectin alone (AUC = 0.79), L:R and leptin alone (both AUC = 0.69). Resistin alone had the poorest discriminatory power (AUC = 0.48). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4546-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - William K B A Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Sandra Adu-Afram
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Evans Adu Asamoah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
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Mirmiran P, Hadavi H, Mottaghi A, Azizi F. Advanced glycation end products and risk of general and abdominal obesity in Iranian adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:21. [PMID: 31380311 PMCID: PMC6662547 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of macromolecules that are formed by the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A number of food preparation methods can increase AGEs content. The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between dietary consumption of AGEs and the risk of obesity and central obesity.
Methods: This study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) on 4245 subjects who participated in its fifth phase (2011 to 2014). Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants’ characteristics, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were also obtained by trained staff. Multivariable linear regression and Logistic regression was conducted using SPSS (Version 20; Chicago, IL), and P values < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: Our results show that abdominal obesity was increased with higher intakes of dietary AGEs, an association, which remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders (OR=1.56 and 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.84). The relationship between abdominal obesity and dietary AGEs (dAGEs) intake was found to be independent of energy and macronutrient intake. We also found a relationship between consumption of dAGEs and a few anthropometric measurements, such that a significant positive correlation was observed between BMI, WC, BAI and higher quartiles of dAGEs intake, with the correlation being stronger for BAI (β= 0.24 (0.10-0.39)).
Conclusion: Our study emphasizes that higher intake of dAGEs does increase the chance of abdominal obesity, and dAGEs might be a link between modern diets and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Hadavi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mottaghi
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Blus E, Wojciechowska-Kulik A, Majewska E, Baj Z. Usefulness of New Indicators of Obesity (BAI and VAI) in Estimation of Weight Reduction. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:171-177. [PMID: 31259669 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1630024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Obesity is responsible for a large proportion of the total burden of diseases in Europe. The aim of this study was to compare classic anthropometric parameters with new obesity-related indices (the visceral adiposity index [VAI] and the body adiposity index [BAI]) and to examine their usefulness in the assessment of weight reduction and its effect on the leptin concentration.Methods: We tested 50 patients with obesity, undergoing the implementation of the BioEnterics® Intragastric Balloon (BIB-system) for 6 months. The leptin concentrations and the calculated subcutaneous fat thickness as well as the anthropometric indices were determined prior to the implementation and after the balloon removal.Results: The therapy resulted in a drop in the BAI value without a significant effect on the VAI in subgroups of patients with class I, II, and III obesity. The therapy-induced changes in BAI both in the entire tested group and in patients with class I and II obesity correlated well with the percentage of drop in body weight, body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous fat thickness, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and leptin concentration. Changes in the VAI value correlated with changes in the body weight, BMI, WHtR values, subcutaneous fat thickness, and leptin concentration decrease only in patients with class III obesity.Conclusions: BAI seems to be a better indicator than VAI for reflecting the reduction in body weight in people with class I and II obesity treated with the BIB-System. VAI appears to be a better obesity indicator than BAI only in people with class III obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Blus
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Majewska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Baj
- Department of Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Elizalde-Barrera CI, Rubio-Guerra AF, Lozano-Nuevo JJ, Olvera-Gomez JL. Triglycerides and waist to height ratio are more accurate than visceral adiposity and body adiposity index to predict impaired fasting glucose. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 153:49-54. [PMID: 31132383 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical accuracy of novel indices visceral adiposity index (VAI) and body adiposity index (BAI) to identify patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and compare with its individual components and other obesity indicators. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mexican population. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), VAI, BAI, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were determined. We plotted a receiver operating characteristic curves to assess the abilities to discriminate subjects with IFG from those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) of the measurements. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the strength of association with IFG. RESULTS A total of 280 individuals were included, from which 144 (51.3%) have IFG; the mean age was 47.14 years and 164 (55.5%) were females. Compared with NGT subjects, the participants with IFG had significantly higher levels of BMI, WHtR, VAI, BAI and TG. The measurements with highest area under the curve were TG, (0.631, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.566-0.697) VAI (0.628, 95% CI 0.563-0.693) and WHtR (0.622, 95% CI 0.557-0.688) and in the adjusted binary logistic regression model, were found to be independently associated with IFG, Odds Ratio of 2.665, (95% CI 1.567-4.533) 2.567 (95% CI 1.527-4.317) and 2.171 (95% CI 1.102-4.276) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that TG, VAI and WHtR could be considered potential tools for the risk assessment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Ivan Elizalde-Barrera
- Hospital General de Zona Numero 30, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Eje 4 Sur, Av. Pdte. Plutarco Elías Calles 473, Col. Santa Anita, Alcaldía Iztacalco, C.P. 08300 Ciudad de México, Mexico; Hospital General de Ticoman, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Plan de San Luis S/N, Col. Ticoman, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07330 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Francisco Rubio-Guerra
- Hospital General de Ticoman, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Plan de San Luis S/N, Col. Ticoman, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07330 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jose Juan Lozano-Nuevo
- Hospital General de Ticoman, Servicios de Salud Publica de la Ciudad de Mexico, Plan de San Luis S/N, Col. Ticoman, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07330 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jose Luis Olvera-Gomez
- Coordinación de Planeación y Enlace Institucional, Delegación Sur CDMX, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Insurgentes Sur N°1960, Col. Florida, Alcaldía Álvaro Obregón, C.P. 01030 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Almeida RTD, Pereira ADC, Fonseca MDJMD, Matos SMAD, Aquino EML. Association between body adiposity index and coronary risk in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1423-1431. [PMID: 31280886 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The body adiposity index (BAI) was recently proposed as a better indicator of body adiposity than body mass index in adults. The association between BAI and cardiometabolic risk factors has been widely investigated. However, the strength and magnitude of these associations varied as a function of the endpoint evaluated, the study design, the population investigated, and the cut-off points used. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between BAI and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in a large sample of Brazilian adults and to propose the most appropriate cut-off points for BAI for the identification of CHD risk in the adult Brazilian population. METHODS Data from 15,092 civil servants (54.4% women) from universities and research institutes in six Brazilian states were evaluated in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). All were aged 35-74 years at baseline. The Framingham coronary risk score was used to identify a very high risk of CHD (≥20% risk of CHD over the next 10 years) and a high risk of CHD (≥10% risk). BAI cut-off points capable of detecting a risk of CHD were determined using ROC curves and associations were tested using Poisson regression with robust variance, according to sex and age. Three multivariable models were examined. RESULTS BAI remained positively associated with a very high and high risk of CHD following adjustment for potential confounding factors in all the strata and multivariable models (p < 0.05), with the exception of model 3 (adjusted for education level and waist-to-hip ratio) for very a high risk of CHD in younger women (p = 0.06). In the adjusted models, the prevalence ratios for a very high and high risk of CHD, irrespective of age group, varied between 1.23 (95%CI: 1.09-1.39) and 1.64 (1.33-2.03) and 1.07 (1.03-1.12) and 1.47 (1.36-1.60) in men; and 1.57 (1.08-2.31) and 2.42 (1.36-4.31) and 1.29 (1.13-1.47) and 1.82 (1.54-2.15) in women, respectively. The optimal cut-off points of BAI to determine a risk of CHD were: 28.0 in men of both age groups, and 34.0 in younger women and 36.0 in older women to determine a very high risk; and 26.0 in younger men and 34.0 in women of both age groups to determine a high risk. BAI showed a reasonable ability to predict coronary risk in participants of the ELSA-Brasil (AUC>60%, except for the group of men of 60-74 years of age). CONCLUSIONS Higher BAI levels were found to be associated with a greater risk of developing CHD in both men and women of different ages participating in the ELSA-Brasil, suggesting that BAI may be a useful tool for screening for CHD risk in Brazilian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Tosta de Almeida
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
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Annani-Akollor ME, Laing EF, Osei H, Mensah E, Owiredu EW, Afranie BO, Anto EO. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the comparison of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c as the glycemic criterion for MetS definition in non-diabetic population in Ghana. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:26. [PMID: 30949244 PMCID: PMC6431006 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), owing to its ability to reflect glycemia over a relatively longer time span, is still been investigated as an adjunct test for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) to identify subjects at risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in some Caucasian populations. However, whether or not HbA1c can serve as an adjunct to FPG in the definition of MetS in the Ghanaian population remains unknown. This study determined the prevalence of MetS and evaluated HbA1c ≥ 5.6% and FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/l as the glycemic component of MetS among non-diabetic population in Ghana. METHODS This was a case-control study conducted at St Francis Xavier Hospital, Assin Fosu, Central Region, Ghana. A total of 264 non-diabetic Ghanaian adults consisting of 158 newly diagnosed hypertensives and 106 normotensives, were recruited for the study. Fasting plasma insulin and glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile was performed for each respondent. RESULTS Using the FPG as glycemic criterion, the overall MetS prevalence was 46.6%, 37.1%, and 12.5% according by the IDF, NCEP ATP III, and WHO criteria, respectively. The prevalence of MetS using the HbA1c criterion was 54.2%, 52.7%, and 42.4% by the IDF, NCEP ATP III and WHO criteria, respectively. The HbA1c criterion identified more participants with MetS compared to the FPG criterion with a good agreement between HbA1c and FPG using the IDF and NCEP ATP III criteria (κ = 0.484 to 0.899) respectively. However, the overlap between HbA1c and FPG based diagnosis of MetS was limited for the WHO criterion. CONCLUSION The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is high among non-diabetics in Ghana. Introduction of HbA1c in addition to FPG in the screening of MetS improves identification of more people with MetS who would otherwise have been missed when only FPG-based diagnosis of MetS is used; with a substantial agreement with FPG, except when using the WHO criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Efui Annani-Akollor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Edwin Ferguson Laing
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Henry Osei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Evans Mensah
- St Francis Xavier Hospital, Assin Fosu, Central Region Ghana
| | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Bright Oppong Afranie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Enoch Odame Anto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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