In the current age of technological advancement, stress has emerged as a silent pandemic affecting individuals, especially young generations, globally. Factors such as increased competition, social pressures fueled by social media and smartphones, and a sense of diminished control in the face of modern challenges contribute to rising stress levels. In addition to the negative implications on mental well-being, stress affects physiological processes such as the menstrual cycle. Functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a spectrum ranging ranging from regular menstrual cycles with short or insufficient luteal phases to irregular cycles, oligomenorrhea, anovulation, and complete amenorrhea, depending on how stress variably disrupts gonadotropic-releasing hormone (GnRH) drive. Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA), the most severe manifestation, is a complex global neuroendocrinopathy with several serious health consequences in addition to amenorrhea and infertility. Concomitant health consequences include bone loss, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular risks. The collective health burden underscores the need for clinical awareness and comprehensive treatment strategies addressing behavioral and biopsychosocial stressors that lead to chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. Despite its prevalence and numerous adverse health consequences, research on this condition remains limited, revealing a significant gap in understanding and addressing this condition. Larger and long-term follow-up studies are important to accurately assess FHA prevalence, its health consequences, intervention efficacy, and recovery outcomes.

This study aimed to understand suicide among LGB or Questioning (LGBQ) and heterosexual adolescent girls in the Netherlands and to examine the role of their sexual orientation to their suicide following the sexual minority stress framework. Narrative interviews with 35 survivors of 18 female adolescents' suicide cases revealed approximately half of the cases as LGBQ. Thematic analyses of informants perspectives demonstrated three life trajectories: (1) Trauma and stressors in childhood impacting mental health. (2) Onset of decreased mental health in adolescence without major external stressors. (3) Unexpected suicide in girls seemingly doing well. Regarding the minority stress framework, most LGBQ girls had faced some form of sexual minority stressors (LGB bullying, non-affirmation) from peers or family. Nevertheless, the minority stress the girls had been confronted with, had often been preceded by, or interlinked with other trauma, stressful life events, that is, general bullying, the experience of sexual abuse and family problems.

With the emergence of digital nomadism as a new form of lifestyle mobility, characterized by the combination of location-independent work with ongoing travel, the question arises whether digital nomadism represents a temporary life phase or a permanent new way of living. This qualitative study explores the lived experiences and perceptions of 27 digital nomads in Bali, Indonesia, aiming to interpret digital nomadism within the socio-historical context and individual life course. Results reveal diverse mobility histories, where mobile childhoods facilitated a digital nomad lifestyle. Regardless of the positive experiences with the lifestyle, participants viewed their high mobility as a temporary phase and desired more residential stability in the future, either by settling down or searching sustainable nomadic alternatives such as rotating between multiple bases. This research interprets digital nomadism as a temporary life phase that responds to the current individualized and digital society in which life courses have become de-standardized.

School-based intervention programs aiming to support adolescents with mental health problems, such as (school-related) stress and performance anxiety, show inconsistent results. In order to make intervention efforts more beneficial, it is crucial to investigate who is most (un)likely to benefit and under what circumstances. The current study aimed to identify whether problem severity, maladaptive perfectionism, and perceived parental pressure moderate the effectiveness of a school-based performance anxiety program, and if this depends on the level of program attendance. The final sample consisted of N = 196 adolescents (Mage = 14.12, SD = 0.79, with 53% females) who participated in a randomized controlled trial. ANCOVAs were conducted for two indicators of performance anxiety: test anxiety and fear of failure. The results demonstrated that for test anxiety, the program was only effective for adolescents with higher pretest levels. Moreover, in the subsample of adolescents with higher program attendance, the program was only effective for adolescents with higher self-criticism perfectionism, and larger effects were observed for adolescents with higher pretest test anxiety and socially prescribed perfectionism. Our findings demonstrate that even a short program can yield positive effects, particularly for adolescents with high program attendance and who experience high problem severity and maladaptive perfectionism.

Evidence suggests that popular musicians are an at-risk occupational group for suicide, with the deaths of famous musicians in the '27 Club' reinforcing culturally powerful notions of musicianship and early mortality. This cross-disciplinary paper advances our understanding of the factors that may increase the risk for suicide among musicians and offers clinical recommendations around screening and prevention. First, we synthesise extant literature on suicide risk among musicians from around the world, including emerging evidence from Korea, and evaluate some of the methodological challenges presented in the analysis of suicide data on musicians. Second, given the lack of musician-specific forms of suicide prevention intervention, we draw on the Zero Suicide Framework and apply this schematic to musicians and the wider music industries, analysing the latest evidence on suicide screening, assessment, and prevention to develop best practices in this at-risk population. In doing so, we offer a comprehensive and clinically relevant overview of this most tragic of cultural affinities to improve strategies to prevent this devastating and all too frequent feature of musical life.

Clinical perfectionism, self-esteem, mood intolerance, and interpersonal difficulties are associated with eating disorder symptoms in clinical samples. The aim of the current study was to test a model including clinical perfectionism, self-esteem, mood intolerance, and interpersonal difficulties to understand eating disorder symptoms in an adolescent community sample. Adolescents (N = 446, M age = 16.25 years, SD = 1.64; 74.2% female) completed measures of clinical perfectionism, self-esteem, mood intolerance, interpersonal difficulties, and eating disorder symptoms. Path analysis indicated clinical perfectionism, self-esteem, mood intolerance, and interpersonal difficulties were all directly associated with symptoms of eating disorders, and that clinical perfectionism was indirectly associated with eating disorders through self-esteem, mood intolerance, and interpersonal difficulties. The results indicate the cognitive-behavioural model of eating disorders can be applied to adolescents in the community with symptoms of eating disorders. Directional causality between constructs should be established to understand whether increased clinical perfectionism, and reduced self-esteem, mood intolerance, and interpersonal difficulties are vulnerabilities to the development and maintenance of eating disorders.

Striving towards perfection is an important concept of study, given its heterogenous associations with both positive and negative outcomes. To address this matter, recent work has emphasized the need to differentiate between striving towards perfection (perfectionism) and excellence (excellencism). However, the applicability of this differentiation in adolescence remains largely unexplored, despite this life phase being particularly sensitive for the development of perfectionism. To better understand striving towards perfection in adolescence, we examined the psychometric properties of the German Scale of Perfectionism and Excellencism (SCOPE) and evaluated the nomological net with the Big Five and self-esteem in 788 German adolescents (Mage = 15.49 years; 50% female). The results underscored the distinctiveness of the different strivings in adolescents but pointed to mixed evidence regarding convergent and discriminant validities. Notably, striving towards perfection was related to lower levels of openness and self-esteem but higher levels of neuroticism, whereas striving towards excellence was related to higher levels of every trait except neuroticism. Finally, most results remained consistent across genders and school types. We discuss how the differentiation between perfectionism and excellencism deepens our understanding of adolescents' perfectionistic strivings and how it might inform future research across different psychological fields.

The pursuit of excellence in sports often drives athletes to maintain rigorous dietary and physical standards, sometimes leading to disordered eating patterns like orthorexia nervosa. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between perfectionism, body composition, and the risk of orthorexia among young soccer players.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 93 young football players aged 15-24 from a football academy. Perfectionism was assessed using the Perfectionism in Sport Questionnaire, while orthorexia nervosa risk was evaluated using the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale. Body composition parameters, including body mass index, lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, fat mass, and fat percentage, were analyzed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance.

Higher levels of negative perfectionism were significantly associated with increased orthorexia nervosa risk (p = 0.006), while positive perfectionism showed no significant correlation. Younger players exhibited higher negative perfectionism scores compared to older groups (p = 0.043). No significant relationships were found between body mass index, body composition parameters, and orthorexia nervosa risk (p > 0.05).

This study highlights the psychological underpinnings of orthorexia nervosa risk in young athletes, emphasizing the influence of negative perfectionism and the limited role of body composition. Early intervention focusing on reducing negative perfectionism and promoting adaptive perfectionism could support both psychological well-being and athletic performance. Future research should investigate long-term trends and the role of sociocultural factors in orthorexia nervosa development.

The multidimensional model of perfectionism includes three dimensions: Self-oriented perfectionism (SOP), other-oriented perfectionism (OOP), and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP). Although previous research has identified significant cross-sectional associations between perfectionism and sexual function, these studies predominantly focused on women without examining the links between the different dimensions of perfectionism and various indicators of sexual difficulties among both members of a couple. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the dyadic associations between perfectionism dimensions, sexual function, partner-focused sexual desire, and sexual distress, both cross-sectionally (T1) and longitudinally (T2) over one year. The secondary aim of the study was to explore the moderating role of gender on these associations. A sample of 308 cohabiting adult couples completed online questionnaires assessing participants' three dimensions of perfectionism, partner-focused sexual desire, sexual function and sexual distress. Path analyses using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) revealed that SOP was positively associated with individuals' own partner-focused sexual desire at T1 and T2. In contrast, SPP was negatively associated with individuals' own sexual function at T1 and positively associated with their own sexual distress at T1 and T2. A moderation analysis revealed that men's SPP was related to their partner's higher sexual distress at T1. The results underscore the importance of considering perfectionism dimensions in clinical assessments and interventions for couples experiencing sexual difficulties and problematic perfectionist behaviors.

The pursuit of perfection has become a common job requirement for modern organizations against the backdrop of increasingly fierce market competition. Drawing upon appraisal theory of emotion, we develop and test a model delineating the paradoxical role that leader perfectionism plays in predicting employee's job performance. Specifically, we propose that leader perfectionism improves job performance through increased harmonious work passion and simultaneously hinders it through enhanced performance pressure. We further propose self-efficacy as boundary condition, such that the positive path through harmonious work passion is stronger and the negative path through performance pressure is weaker for individuals with higher (vs. lower) levels of self-efficacy. Finding from a three-wave and multisource field study provides support for our hypothesized predictions. Finally, we discuss theoretical and practical implications of this study.

There is widespread concern that contemporary global issues (e.g., climate change, technology use) are exacerbating a "youth wellbeing crisis." However, we have heard little about this issue from youth themselves. To ascertain whether youth themselves are worried about global issues, their mental health, or other aspects of their life, we asked youth an open-ended question about their current worries. Further, we assessed whether mental health was related to self-generated worries.

Participants, 516 youth 13-19 years old (Mage = 15.60, SD = 1.65, 48.2% female) from Canada, responded to the question: "What are some of the things you are worried about?" Youth also self-reported on demographics, social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and general worry.

Youth generated a range of worries, with the most common worries being school and their future. Few adolescents directly mentioned the state of the world, covid, or their own mental health. Worries were differentially associated with mental health problems and youth who reported worrying about "everything" or reported many worries had worse mental health compared to peers.

Contemporary issues, that often are cited as a concern, were not a focal point of youth's responses. Asking open-ended questions to youth about their worries may be a way to identify which youth may be experiencing poor mental health.

Perfectionism in adolescents can have both adaptive and maladaptive forms, with implications for mental health and school performance. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among perfectionism, mental health factors, and emotional regulation in adolescents and to evaluate the efficacy of psychoeducational interventions.

Two studies were conducted: (1) A cross-sectional study (n = 261) examined the correlations among perfectionism, mental health factors, and emotional regulation. (2) An experimental study (n = 115) evaluated the effects of psychoeducation on perfectionism and healthy habits compared with a control group. The measures included questionnaires on perfectionism, depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional regulation.

Study 1 found that maladaptive perfectionism was positively correlated with depression (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), anxiety (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), stress (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), and difficulties in emotional regulation (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Adaptive perfectionism was negatively correlated with deficits in emotional understanding (r = -0.31, p < 0.05). Study 2 showed that psychoeducational interventions reduced maladaptive perfectionism (mean difference = -5.7, p < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.62) and depression levels (mean difference = -3.2, p < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.38) but increased stress in the experimental groups. No significant changes were observed in adaptive perfectionism or the anxiety level.

These findings highlight the complex relationships among perfectionism, mental health, and emotional regulation in adolescents. Targeted interventions can reduce maladaptive perfectionism and its associated negative effects. Further research is needed on the long-term outcomes and refinement of interventional strategies.

Previous studies have revealed that perfectionism and identity development during adolescence are related. However, no longitudinal study has been conducted on the impact of perfectionism on identity development in adulthood. In the present study, we analyzed for the first time the longitudinal relationship between personal standards, an indicator of perfectionistic strivings, and concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, indicators of perfectionist concerns, and identity development in one of the most important yet least understood domains for adults, parental identity.

This 1-year, three-wave longitudinal study investigated reciprocal relationships between perfectionism and parental identity among 1275 parents (aged 18-30, M = 26.11; SD = 3.00). We analyzed the results using cross-lagged panel model analysis and random-intercept cross-lagged panel model analysis.

The results revealed that personal standards were associated with a relative increase in seeking in-depth information about parenthood, and doubts/concerns were associated with a relative increase in disappointment and parenthood regret. Parental identity was not reciprocally related to changes in perfectionism at the between-person level. However, we observed the effect of parental identity on the decrease in personal standards at the within-person level.

The results suggest mutual relationships between perfectionism and parental identity at the between-person and within-person levels.

Socio-cultural constraints shape behaviour in complexifying ways. In sport, for example, interconnected constraints play an important role in shaping the way a game is played, coached, and spectated. Here, we contend that player development frameworks in sport cannot be operationalised without careful consideration of the complex ecosystem in which they reside. Concurrently, we highlight issues associated with frameworks designed in isolation from the contexts in which they are introduced for integration, guised as trying to "copy and paste" templates from country to country. As such, there is a need to understand the oft-shrouded socio-cultural dynamics that continuously influence practice in order to maximize the utility of player development frameworks in sport. Ecological dynamics offers a complexity-oriented theoretical lens that supports the evolution of context-dependent player development frameworks. Further, tenets of the Learning in Development Research Framework can show how affordances are not just material invitations but constitute a vital component of a broader socio-cultural form of life. These ideas have the potential to: (1) push against a desire to "copy and paste" what is perceived to be "successful" elsewhere, and (2), guide the integration of player development frameworks by learning to resonate with the nuanced complexities of the broader environment inhabited.

This study explored the relationship between perceived parental involvement, perfectionist dispositional-like traits (striving for perfection; negative reactions to imperfection), and sports performance. Specifically, it examined whether perfectionism mediates the relationship between parental involvement and sports performance. Data were collected on perceived parental involvement, perfectionism in sports, and sports performance using both subjective and objective measures. The sample included 299 young male football athletes (from 15 teams across 8 clubs), all competing in U15 to U19 national championships. Path analysis revealed several findings, namely that (a) athletes who perceived higher parental involvement exhibited greater striving for perfection and reported higher levels of perceived individual and collective sports performance; (b) striving for perfection positively predicted both perceived collective sports performance and objective performance; (c) negative reactions to imperfection negatively predict objective performance; (d) striving for perfection positively mediated the relationship between perceived parental involvement and performance (both perceived individual and collective performance as well as objective sports performance). These findings underline the complex role parental behaviors, especially as perceived by young athletes, have in shaping athletic development and performance, and also highlight both the positive and potential negative effects of parental involvement, stressing the importance of providing parents with guidance on fostering a supportive sports environment.

There is substantial evidence that adolescent mental health has deteriorated considerably since the early 2010s across many countries, and much more strongly among girls than boys. This is probably due to a combination of societal changes that strongly influenced the lives of adolescents. The societal changes include the rise of social media and of academic pressure, the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing worries about the future. Moreover, the decreasing trend in adolescent mental health might have resulted into more mental health awareness and a tendency to overinterpret negative psychological experiences as signs of mental health problems. Several suggestions for future research are provided to increase our understanding of the origins of the recent trends in adolescent mental health.

Perfectionism includes various dimensions focused on different planes of psychological functioning, with both positive and negative elements that influence adaptation to the pursuit of achievement and personal satisfaction with efforts and their attainment. We examined participants' levels of perfectionism and the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety in young athletes, and we described the mediating factor of self-confidence as a determinant of sport performance. We utilized a non-experimental, descriptive, and transversal research design. A total of 263 Spanish young athletes (M age = 15.79 years; SD = 1.07) who belonged to different sports clubs and engaged in different sports completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Competitive Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R). Our results confirmed our belief that self-confidence was a protective factor for diminishing the negative relationships between perfectionism, anxiety, and sport performance. Regarding the predictive power of these variables, the construction of exaggerated achievement expectations (or personal standards) by combining functional and dysfunctional resources was reflected in cognitive anxiety (dysfunctional) and was mediated by self-confidence (functional). Application of these elements into training via well planned communication may allow coaches to enhance young athletes' resources for mental and behavioral adjustment toward their sporting goal. In addition, this training approach may underscore athletes' self-perceived competence and enhance their self-confidence.

We examined the feasibility and outcomes of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a virtual coach in guided self-help (GSH-AI) compared to pure self-help (PSH).

Participants (N = 85 undergraduate university students; M age = 20.65 years [SD = 2.38]; 84 % female) were randomised to PSH (N = 42) or GSH-AI (N = 43). The intervention was a brief 11-module online cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism intervention completed over 4-weeks. GSH-AI participants were given suggested questions to ask AI for guidance in completing the intervention. Data were collected at baseline, 4- and 8-weeks post-randomisation.

Engagement was good, only one person in each group did not use any modules; module completion was equivalent across conditions (6.67, SD = 3.22 and 6.18, SD = 3.42 respectively). Between baseline and post-intervention people in the GSH-AI condition showed an almost 3.5 times increase in preferring support to be received from AI versus other modes of support. Only 52 % and 22 % of participants completed 4- and 8-week post-randomisation surveys, with no differences in psychological outcomes between the PSH and GSH-AI groups. Main effects of time indicated moderate to large within-group effect size improvements for disordered eating, stress, anxiety, and perfectionism.

Qualitative feedback indicated that AI was initially acceptable as a guide and became even more acceptable after it had been experienced. Fully powered trials are required to determine the impact of AI guidance on outcomes, and whether type of AI platform (customised versus generic) and type of mental health disorder interact with its effects.

Objective: In this study, we examine the prevalence and demographic, academic, and psychosocial correlates of perfectionism typologies among postsecondary students. We focus on a lesser-known typology characterized by low personal standards and moderate self-critical cognitions, which we label "discordant perfectionism." Participants: Our sample of 8,689 students from 15 U.S. institutions was drawn from a larger longitudinal investigation of well-being and academic success. Methods: Students completed self-reported measures of perfectionism, demographics, and psychosocial adjustment in spring 2016. GPA was obtained from registrars in fall 2016. Results: A substantial proportion of students were classified as discordant perfectionists (26.1% of undergraduates, 18.8% of graduate students) with Asian students, men, first-generation undergraduates, and international students overrepresented. Discordant perfectionism was associated with markedly worse outcomes than the other typologies, with the lowest average GPA, subjective well-being, coping self-efficacy, and social connectedness. Conclusions: Discordant perfectionism merits further consideration as a risk factor for postsecondary students.

Several recent accounts have failed to replicate the so-called Narcissism Epidemic, suggesting potential influences of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008 as a reason for narcissism trend reversals. Here, we provide evidence for narcissism test score changes from 1982 to 2023.

We investigated self-report data on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) from 1105 studies (k = 1621, N = 546,225) using precision-weighted cross-temporal meta-analysis.

Data collection years were meaningfully negatively associated with narcissism scores in virtually all analyses (bs: -0.409 to -0.008; partial eta square's: < 0.001 to 0.118; ps: < 0.001 to 0.174), thus indicating cross-temporally decreasing narcissism self-report scores. Examination of regression segments pre- and post-dating the GFC and segmented line regressions indicated mostly stable narcissism scores during the 1980s and 1990s that subsequently showed negative slopes with somewhat differing decreases onsets according to analytical subsets.

Here, we provide evidence for negative cross-temporal changes in narcissism from 1982 to 2023 globally, thus contrasting the idea of a Narcissism Epidemic having taken place at any point during the past four decades. Changes appear to generalize across different regions and participant sex, although mean scores were differentiated, yielding higher narcissism values for North American and younger samples.

Suicide and suicidal behaviour strongly contribute to overall male youth mortality. An understanding of worldwide data contextualises suicide and suicidal behaviour in young men within any given country.

Members and colleagues of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry's Task Force on Men's Mental Health review the relevant data from several regions of the world. The review identifies notable findings across regions of relevance to researchers, policymakers, and clinicians.

Male suicide and suicidal behaviour in adolescence and emerging adulthood within North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Continental Africa, South Asia, East Asia, China, and Oceania share similarities as well as significant points of divergence.

International data provide an opportunity to obtain a superior understanding of suicide and suicidal behaviour amongst young men.

This study investigates the complex interplay between organizationally prescribed perfectionism (OPP), job insecurity, counterproductive work behavior (CWB), and self-efficacy in learning artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of modern organizations. Based on several theories, the current research suggests and tests a moderated mediation model. Using a three-wave time-lagged design with data collected from 412 workers across various South Korean corporations, we examine how OPP influences CWB both directly and indirectly through job insecurity, and how self-efficacy in AI learning moderates the OPP-job insecurity link. Our results show that OPP is positively linked to CWB, and this association is partially mediated by job insecurity. Moreover, AI learning self-efficacy functions as a moderator in the OPP-job insecurity link, such that the positive link is weaker for members with higher levels of AI learning self-efficacy. These findings extend our understanding of perfectionism in organizational settings and highlight the role of technological self-efficacy in mitigating the negative impacts of perfectionist cultures. This research may contribute to the literature on perfectionism, CWB, and technological adaptation at work, and has important implications for managing high-performance cultures in the period of rapid technological advancement.

Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) have been met with an unprecedented demand on their student counselling and wellbeing services in recent years with the impacts of COVID-19 and high rates of mental health concerns amongst student populations. Online mental health programs offer one solution by providing students with quick and easy access to effective therapeutic content. The Focused Minds Program is an evidence-based eight-module online self-guided cognitive behavioural intervention that targets the transdiagnostic risk factor of perfectionism and has been shown to decrease depression, anxiety, and disordered eating. The program was implemented at a UK university between 2021 and 2023. Recruitment occurred via departmental emails, academic staff, and the university's counselling staff and website. Participants were provided with access to the intervention for 6-weeks and completed weekly surveys of psychosocial measures. The trial's implementation was assessed using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework: reach (uptake via the recruitment channels), effectiveness (outcomes on psychometric measures of mental wellbeing), adoption (staff and organisational support), implementation (intervention engagement and attrition), and maintenance (continued implementation across the trial period). Key barriers to successful implementation, as well as proposed solutions, are discussed to guide future online mental health interventions provided in HEIs.

Suicide is a serious public health problem worldwide, being the culmination of a process that normally begins with suicidal ideation. Therefore, it is important to assess suicidal ideation and know its risk factors. The association between perfectionism and suicidal ideation has been widely debated in the literature. However, knowledge about the role of emotion regulation in this relationship is scarce. The main objective of this investigation was thus to study the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation in young adults. A sample of 224 Portuguese young adults was recruited through an online form which assessed suicidal ideation, perfectionism, and emotion regulation. The results showed a positive relationship between suicidal ideation and emotion regulation difficulties. There was also a positive association between emotion regulation difficulties and perfectionism, especially regarding the strategies and dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism. The relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by emotion regulation difficulties. Increases in emotion regulation difficulties from increased perfectionism could contribute decisively to increasing the risk of suicidal ideation. Thus, the assessment of perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulties can promote the prevention and psychological interventions for suicidal behavior.

Social media use, perfectionism, and disordered eating have all increased over the last decades. Some studies indicate that there is a relationship between self-presentation behaviors and being exposed to others' self-presentation on social media, and disordered eating. Studies also show that the relationship between focus on self-presentation and highly visual social media is stronger than for non-visual social media, hence facilitating upward social comparison. Nevertheless, no previous studies have investigated the link between adolescents' focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media, and perfectionism and disordered eating, which is the aim of the present study.

The present study is based on a cross-sectional survey from the "LifeOnSoMe"-study (N = 3424), conducted in 2020 and 2021. Respondents were high school students (mean age 17.3 years, 56% females) in Bergen, Norway. Multiple regression analysis was performed, where SPAUSCIS, a measure of self-presentation and upward social comparison, was the independent variable. Perfectionism and disordered eating were dependent variables. Self-reported age, gender, and subjective socioeconomic status were used as covariates, as well as frequency and duration of social media use. Regression models were performed to compare proportions across the median split of SPAUSCIS.

The multiple regression analysis showed that increased focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media were positively associated with both perfectionism (standardized coefficient 0.28) and disordered eating. A stronger association for girls than boys was found for disordered eating (standardized coefficient 0.39 for girls and 0.29 for boys). There was no gender moderation for perfectionism.

Findings suggest that focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media is associated with perfectionism and disordered eating. We recommend promoting a healthy use of social media. This could be established by increasing adolescents' ability to reflect on and think critically about self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media.

This research focuses on ego-focused self-image goals as central to understanding the vulnerability inherent in perfectionism and the link that perfectionism has with poorer health and emotional well-being. The present study expands theory and research on perfectionism from a unique motivational perspective through a longitudinal investigation of perfectionism, the pursuit of self-image goals related to self-improvement, and mental and physical health among 187 university students. Our central finding was that trait and self-presentational perfectionism were associated longitudinally with self-image goals and poorer mental and physical health. Longitudinal analyses showed that perfectionistic self-presentation predicted subsequent self-image goals, controlling for initial self-image goals. Additionally, self-image goals were associated with worse mental and physical health and greater loneliness and social anxiety. Collectively, our results illustrate the benefits of assessing problematic personal goals in perfectionism and the need to revise existing motivational accounts by recognizing the important role ego-involved goals play in guiding much of what perfectionists do and how they act in their daily lives.

The current research evaluates the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model (PSDM) by considering the links between measures of trait perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation and measures of social support, loneliness, and distress in cross-sectional research. A particular focus is on perfectionism and levels of social support as assessed by the Social Provisions Scale. The current study also uniquely evaluates levels of perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation in undergraduate students, medical students, and law students. The results across samples provided evidence that loneliness mediates the link between interpersonal perfectionism and distress in keeping with the predictions of the PSDM. Correlational results found robust links between loneliness and low levels of social support. Moreover, socially prescribed perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation were associated negatively with social support, and this was especially evident in terms of the facet tapping the nondisclosure of imperfections. Group comparisons of perfectionism yielded few significant differences in accordance with expectations. Levels of perfectionism tended to be lower among medical students. However, the links between perfectionism and distress were clearly evident among undergraduates, medical students, and law students, thus attesting to the vulnerability of perfectionistic students in general. Overall, the results further confirm the relevance of perfectionism in distress among students and applicability of the PSDM in various types of students.

Across high-income countries, adolescent emotional concerns have been increasing in prevalence over the past two decades and it is unclear why this is occurring, including whether and how substance use relates to these changing trends. On the other hand, substance use has been generally declining, and little is known about the role of emotional concerns in these trends. Several studies have explored the changes in co-occurring substance use and emotional concerns among adolescents over time, with mixed results and inconsistent messaging about the implications of the findings. In response, we developed a theoretical framework for exploring the intersection between trends in substance use and emotional concerns (InterSECT Framework). This framework includes a discussion and related examples for 3 core hypotheses: (1) strengthening of co-occurrence, or the "hardening" hypothesis; (2) co-occurrence staying the same, or the "consistency" hypothesis; and (3) weakening of co-occurrence, or the "decoupling" hypothesis. This framework seeks to guide the conceptualization, evaluation, and understanding of changes in the co-occurrence of substance use and emotional concerns over time, including outlining a research agenda informed by pre-existing research and youth perspectives.

Perfectionism is linked to a variety of mental health conditions in university students. The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model posits that perfectionistic individuals exhibit off-putting interpersonal behaviors (i.e., rejection sensitivity and hostility), which lead to social disconnection, and in turn contribute to psychological distress. Although several longitudinal studies have found that social disconnection mediates the link between perfectionistic traits and psychological distress, less is known about how perfectionism leads to social disconnection. The present study aimed to address this gap.

A sample of 877 university students completed one survey a month for three consecutive months.

Our random-intercept cross-lagged panel model results showed significant positive associations between the random intercepts of socially prescribed and self-oriented perfectionism with rejection sensitivity, hostility, and loneliness, with stronger associations for socially prescribed perfectionism. In addition, the random intercept of other-oriented perfectionism showed positive associations with hostility but not rejection sensitivity or loneliness. Moreover, almost all cross-lagged paths were nonsignificant.

Collectively, these findings indicate that although perfectionistic traits may be associated with rejection sensitivity and hostility to varying degrees at the between-person level, these behaviors may not cause social disconnection at the within-person level.

Research investigating young people's social media use has been criticized for its limited theoretical foundations and scope. This paper elaborates young people's social media activity from a socio-ecological evolutionary perspective (SEE), where young people's online exchanges cannot be divorced from the highly competitive and achievement-oriented modern market cultures in which they live. In highly competitive and achievement-oriented forms of life, young people's social media environments are often constituted as dynamic and evolving extrinsically oriented ecological niches that afford for status and identity enhancement while also affording for peer approval, belongingness, and self-worth nested within, and subordinate to, these higher-order affordances. The extrinsic value organization of social media platforms that serve young people's status and identity-enhancement are embodied by a community of mutually interdependent criteria that are evolutionary-based, developmentally salient, and market-driven: physical attractiveness, high (educational and extracurricular) achievements, and material success. Young people's online signaling of these interdependent extrinsic criteria affords for status-allocation and self-enhancement, where each criteria becomes an arena for social competition and identity formation, enabling young people to build personal and optimal models of social success congruent with their own interests and abilities. Young people's status and identity enhancing signaling of these extrinsic criteria is moving toward increasingly idealized or perfect embodiments, informed by accelerating, short-term positive feedback processes that benefit from the technological affordances and densely rewarding peer environments instantiated on social media.

Perfectionism is a personality orientation associated with mental health and adjustment problems. Recent evidence demonstrates that perfectionism is widespread among students and on the rise, with recent generations of students placing increasingly more importance on perfection. Whilst the extant literature is vast, it tends to focus on psychopathology and identification of perfectionism correlates rather than the experience of student perfectionism. Furthermore, the education literature is scant and there is a need to understand the deeper processes and nuances of perfectionism, particularly within health professions education where intense study demands, competition to gain entry to educational programmes, and professional cultures may nurture the problem. This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of ten physiotherapy students as they wrestled with perfectionism in the various facets of their studies. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken, and participants completed log sheets to document perfectionism-related experiences. Idiographic profiles were composed and interview transcripts were analysed, drawing upon features of both phenomenological and thematic analysis. Perfectionism was found to have toxic consequences for the learning experience. Harmful phenomenological experiences included perpetual and excessive achievement striving, punitive self-criticism and health and wellbeing difficulties. A range of sabotaging learning behaviours such as self-handicapping and feedback avoidance was also illuminated, and cultural and organisational influences perceived to foster perfectionism emerged. Findings are discussed in relation to underlying processes and implications for educators. The prospect of findings transferring to other educational contexts is highlighted.

Examining orthopedic residents in Mexico, researchers explore the relationship between the presence of depressive or anxious symptoms and the degree of perfectionism, perceived work-related distress, and involvement in the care of patient(s) who died.

This was a cross-sectional online survey of 642 orthopedic residents from October 2019 to April 2021.

Of orthopedic residents contacted, 50.6% responded rate (70.9% male, average age 29.8 years). A total of 12.5% reported significant depressive symptoms and 18.4% reported significant anxious symptoms. On a scale from 0-100, the mean score of perceived work-related distress was 51.9. One-third (33.6%) reported being involved in the care of patient(s) who had died. Higher levels of work-related distress and higher scores on perfectionism were associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. In particular, being involved in the care of patient(s) who had died was associated with anxious symptoms (OR = 1.79; 95%CI = 1.18-2.72).

These results highlight the need for systematic monitoring of the mental health of orthopedic residents in Mexico, particularly those who report a high level of work-related distress or perfectionism or who have recently experienced the death of a patient.

Leader workaholism, characterized by an excessive drive to work long hours, is prevalent among organizational leaders. Its impact on subordinates' mental health warrants examination. This study investigated the direct relationship between leader workaholism and subordinates' psychological distress. Drawing on substitutes for leadership theory, it also assessed the buffering effects of procedural, interactional, and distributive justice climates in this relationship. Data from an online survey of 40 leaders and 200 subordinate employees revealed a positive correlation between leader workaholism and subordinates' psychological distress. However, the procedural and interactional justice climates negatively moderated this relationship, whereas the distributive justice climate did not. This disparity may result from the strong link between distributive justice climate and specific, objective outcomes. The study enhances understanding of the adverse effects of leader workaholism on employee psychological health and suggests organizational strategies, such as fostering procedural and interactional justice climates, to mitigate these effects.

Despite the extensive literature on the association between perfectionism and disordered eating (DE), only scant attention has been given to the underlying processes that may mediate this relationship. The present study aimed to contribute to existing literature by investigating the direct and indirect relations between perfectionism and DE through obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms and obsessive beliefs, among community adults from three different countries and cultural backgrounds (i.e. Poland, Italy and Lebanon).

This is a cross-sectional study that was carried-out among 977 community adults (77.1% females, mean age: 21.94 ± 3.14 years) using the snowball sampling technique.

Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) symptoms and obsessive beliefs had a partial indirect effect in the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and disordered eating. Higher multidimensional perfectionism/obsessive beliefs were significantly associated with greater OCD symptoms and directly associated with higher DE scores. Finally, higher OCD symptoms were significantly linked to higher DE scores.

The preliminary results suggest that it would be helpful for clinicians to routinely include measures of perfectionism, OCD and obsessive beliefs when dealing with individuals who present DE problems. In addition, results hold promise for the combined use of perfectionism and OCD interventions as a potentially beneficial treatment option for DE concerns.

Contrary to traditional notions of emerging adulthood as a period free from parental pressures, the prolonged transition to adulthood in contemporary society implies that parental influence remains a significant factor in the lives of emerging adults. This presents a potential challenge to emerging adults, as navigating independence while managing parental expectations can result in adverse psychological outcomes. The present study examined the relationship between perceived parental expectations and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and the mediating role of maladaptive perfectionism.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 466 emerging adults from India between 18 and 25 years old. They responded to the Perception of Parental Expectations Inventory, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism-Brief Scale, and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation-Straightforward Items Scale.

Correlation analyses revealed significant, positive associations between perceived parental expectations, maladaptive perfectionism, and FNE. Findings from regression analyses indicated that increased perceptions of parental expectations and maladaptive perfectionism predicted increased levels of FNE. The relationship between perceived parental expectations and FNE was fully mediated by maladaptive perfectionism.

A key reason for heightened perceptions of parental expectations associated with increased FNE is that emerging adults tend to adopt unrealistic perfectionistic standards. Maladaptive perfectionism represents a vital intervention target for individuals who perceive elevated parental expectations and are at risk for FNE, offering promising avenues for promoting well-being in emerging adults.

To determine the incidence rate of suicide from 2002 to 2022 among athletes from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and assess for potential differences by, sex, race, division and sport.

NCAA athlete deaths over a 20-year period from 2002 to 2022 were identified. Poisson regression models were built to assess changes in incidence rates over time. Linear and quadratic fits between year and suicide incidence for males and females were evaluated.

Of 1102 total deaths, 128 (11.6%) deaths by suicide were reported (male n=98, female n=30). The overall incidence was 1:71 145 athlete-years (AYs). Over the last decade, suicide was the second most common cause of death after accidents. The proportion of deaths by suicide doubled from the first 10 years (7.6%) to the second 10 years (15.3%). The suicide incidence rate for males increased linearly (5-year incidence rate ratio 1.32 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.53)), whereas a quadratic association was identified among female athletes (p=0.002), with the incidence rate reaching its lowest point in females in 2010-2011 and increasing thereafter. Male cross-country athletes had the highest suicide incidence rate (1:29 815 AYs) and Division I and II athletes had a higher suicide incidence rate than Division III athletes. No significant differences in suicide incidence rates by sex, race or sport were identified.

Deaths by suicide among NCAA athletes increased in both males and females throughout the 20-year study period, and suicide is now the second most common cause of death in this population. Greater suicide prevention efforts geared towards NCAA athletes are warranted.

Grieve et al. (2022) tested the effects of an intervention designed to reduce perfectionism. Contrary to their hypotheses, the intervention reduced both perfectionism and excellencism. Furthermore, excellencism positively correlated with negative outcomes (e.g. anxiety).

A theory-driven framework (with five hypothetical scenarios) is proposed to reconsider how we interpret the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce perfectionism. Our goal was to offer a constructive reinterpretation of the results of Grieve et al. (2022) using our new framework derived from the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism.

Secondary data analyses using the experimental and correlational results are published in the randomized control trial of Grieve et al. (2022).

Our re-examination of the results reveals that excellencism was reduced by a smaller extent (approximately 25% less) than perfectionism. Based on our framework, such a ratio provides conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention. Students entered the intervention as perfectionists and they ended up somewhere between the zones of excellence striving and non-perfectionism. Furthermore, our multivariate re-analysis of the bivariate correlations indicates that excellence strivers experienced better adjustment (lower anxiety, depression, stress, body-related acceptance, and higher self-compassion) compared with perfectionists.

Future interventions should target the reduction of perfectionism and the maintenance of excellencism because excellencism relates to desirable outcomes. Our secondary data analysis was needed to inform researchers and practitioners about an alternative interpretation of Grieve and colleagues' findings. Future interventions to reduce perfectionism should closely monitor excellencism and follow the interpretational guidelines advanced in this article.

Every year, many university athletes find themselves experiencing sports injuries while practicing their sport. Not all athletes are equal to each other, and some get injured more often. Individual differences in personality could explain these differences. This study focuses on how within-person combinations of perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns are associated with the risk of traumatic injury in university athletes. Two most prominent person-oriented approaches of perfectionism (the tripartite and 2x2 models) were tested in a retrospective (N=143) and a prospective (N=98) sample. Cluster analyses identified perfectionism profiles consistent with the two theoretical models in both samples. Furthermore, the profile with high levels of perfectionistic strivings and concerns was found to be the most at risk of experiencing a traumatic injury using both designs. This study supports the tripartite model of perfectionism in recognizing the exacerbating role of perfectionistic strivings on the maladaptive effect of perfectionistic concerns. Coaches and sports specialists will need to consider monitoring athletes' levels of PC, especially in conjunction with high PS levels, to reduce the risk of injury in athletes.

Despite growing evidence of significant role of leader perfectionism in the workplace, few theoretical accounts have delved into intricate dynamics of interpersonal relationships impacted by leader perfectionism, nor have they explored the extent to which these interactions might stimulate employee unethical behavior. From an interpersonal relationship perspective, based on interpersonal complementarity theory, this study proposes a link between leader perfectionism and employee deviant behavior while assessing the mediating impact of supervisor-subordinate relationship conflict, and the moderating influence of employee narcissism.

This study employed three-wave surveys, with 335 employees (female 55.8%, 26-35 years old 67.4%, bachelor's degree 61.5%, worked 3-10 years 67.4%, worked with their current leader 1-5 years 66.3%) across 11 enterprises in Chinato reduce the risk of common method bias. On this basis, MPLUS 7.4 was used to test the confirmatory factor analysis of data, and SPSS 24.0 was used to test the hypotheses.

(1) Leader perfectionism has a positive effect on supervisor-subordinate relationship conflict. (2) Leader perfectionism has a significantly positive effect on employee deviant behavior via supervisor-subordinate relationship conflict. (3) Employee narcissism positively moderates the relationship between leader perfectionism and supervisor-subordinate relationship conflict, and further positively moderates the indirect effect of leader perfectionism on employee deviant behavior via supervisor-subordinate relationship conflict.

This study reveals the mechanism of how employee through deviant behavior as a opposition to leader perfectionism from an interpersonal relationship perspective, which provides theoretical and practical implications for reducing the negative impact of leader perfectionism and employee deviant behavior.

Adolescent competence and resilience are indicators of adulthood behavior. High school is a pivotal time for adolescents to foster a stable temperament for adult development. The contemporary state of adolescent depression prevalence and an increase in social media-related risky behavior calls for an update to mental health services. We review the nature of modern social comparison that is fueled by social media, mental health help-seeking stigma that prevents individuals from seeking services, and provide mental health advances to remedy the severity of mental health concerns in a social media society. Social media distortions of normative life promote a standard of expectations that can decrease self-esteem and increase depressive tendencies. Expanding high school counseling such that students see a counselor multiple times a year in a proactive rather than reactive school counseling system can provide transformative changes to community mental health.

The prevalence of parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children, varies dramatically across countries and is highest in Western countries characterized by high individualism.

In this study, we examined the mediators of the relationship between individualism measured at the country level and parental burnout measured at the individual level in 36 countries (16,059 parents).

The results revealed three mediating mechanisms, that is, self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, high agency and self-directed socialization goals, and low parental task sharing, by which individualism leads to an increased risk of burnout among parents.

The results confirm that the three mediators under consideration are all involved, and that mediation was higher for self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, then parental task sharing, and lastly self-directed socialization goals. The results provide some important indications of how to prevent parental burnout at the societal level in Western countries.

Using a 1-year longitudinal design, we examined the role of personal demands and personal resources in long-term health impairment and motivational processes among master students. Based on the job demands-resources theory and transactional model of stress, we hypothesized that students' personal demands (i.e., irrational performance demands, awfulizing and irrational need for control) predict perceived study demands one year later, and indirectly relate to burnout. Furthermore, we predicted that personal resources indirectly associate with study engagement via students' perceived study resources one year later. These hypotheses were tested in a sample of Dutch master students (N = 220 at T1 and T2) using structural equation modelling. As hypothesized, personal demands and personal resources at T1 predicted study demands and study resources one year later (T2, β = .25-.42, p <. 05), respectively. Study-home interference [study demand] mediated the association between personal demands and burnout (β = .08, p = .029), whereas opportunities for development [study resource] mediated the association between personal resources and study engagement (β = .08, p = .014). Hence, personal demands and personal resources relate indirectly to students' burnout and engagement one year later via a heightened level of specific study demands and study resources. Accordingly, the present research expands the propositions of the JD-R Theory by proposing personal demands as a relevant factor for students' long-term well-being.

Recent research has highlighted an association between maladaptive perfectionism and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not well understood. The primary aim of this preliminary study was to investigate whether self-compassion and emotion dysregulation independently mediated this relationship. The secondary aim was to determine whether serial mediation existed between these factors. Whether these relations held for overall obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, versus distinct dimensions of OCD, was also of interest.

Three hundred and ninety-two university students (Mage  = 21.81, SD = 8.01), predominantly female (79.18%), participated in an online questionnaire that included a dimensional measure of OCD. Scales assessing maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, emotion dysregulation, and negative emotion states were also included.

Greater maladaptive perfectionism was related to more severe OCD. Emotion dysregulation, but not self-compassion, independently mediated this relationship. A serial mediation relationship was found, in that greater maladaptive perfectionism was associated with lower self-compassion, which was linked to greater emotion dysregulation, and in turn related to more severe OC behaviors. In addition, distinct patterns emerged for separate OC dimensions.

These findings highlight emotion regulation and self-compassion as potential targets for OCD prevention, especially in individuals with symptoms in the symmetry and unacceptable thoughts dimensions.

This paper brings together concepts, tools, and case examples that provide guidance for ways to use process-oriented clinical hypnosis to shift perfectionistic tendencies to help resolve depression and enhance well-being. Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic risk factor for clinical and subclinical suffering of many types including depression. Over time, perfectionism is becoming more widespread. Perfectionism-related depression can be effectively treated when clinician attention is directed toward core skills and themes. Case examples illustrate how to help clients moderate overly extreme thinking, create and use realistic standards, and develop and apply a balanced self-evaluation. A variety of clinician styles and approaches, especially when tailored to individual client characteristics, preferences, and needs, are compatible with process-oriented hypnotic interventions for perfectionism and depression.

Perfectionism is a common transdiagnostic problem that may lead to substantial distress and functional impairments. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for perfectionism. However, the existing significant barriers to access and utilization of mental health services, including among college students, demand the development of low-intensity accessible interventions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-intensity CBT-based self-help gamified app developed specifically for perfectionism in a sample of college students.

Participants completed assessments of perfectionism, related symptoms, emotional burden and functional impairments at pretreatment, posttreatment and at one-month follow-up.

Compared with the waitlist condition (n = 35), the app condition (n = 35) demonstrated a significant and greater reduction in perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, functional impairments and subjective ratings of emotional burden.

Results suggest that a brief, daily app-based game-like intervention targeting maladaptive perfectionistic beliefs may be a viable, low-cost alternative to traditional CBT treatments for vulnerable populations on college campuses.

Intrapersonal perfectionism is the dispositional tendency to impose perfectionistic expectations on oneself and is considered a bidimensional construct that consists of standards perfectionism and discrepancy perfectionism. Although scholars established the links between standards perfectionism and psychological adjustment and between discrepancy perfectionism and psychopathology, the mechanisms that explain these associations remain relatively unknown. Thus, a better understanding of these mechanisms, especially in children, is warranted given their high prevalence in this developmental population and potential destructiveness on psychological well-being. The present study examined whether social skills with peers mediated the link between the dimensions of interpersonal perfectionism and psychological outcomes due to the salience of social skills acquisition in middle childhood. The study included 225 students (nfemale = 114; nmale = 111) with ages ranging from 7 to 10 years at Time 1 (T1; Mage = 8.55, SD = 1.15) and from 8 to 11 years at Time 2 (T2; Mage = 9.52, SD = 1.10). Participants provided responses on measures concerning standards perfectionism, discrepancy perfectionism, social skills, and psychological well-being at both time points. Longitudinal structural equation modeling indicated that standards perfectionism was positively associated with increases in social skills over time and psychological well-being, whereas discrepancy perfectionism was linked with decreases in social skills over time followed by psychological maladjustment. The study discusses implications for interventions and treatments.

This study contributes to our understanding of what lifestyle factors affect the social status of women and men in contemporary postmaterialist societies. We examine the dimensions and determinants of social status qualifiers among Swedish people using a survey of 1,650 Swedish respondents who ranked the importance of 14 qualifiers for the social status of a woman and a man. The analysis showed surprisingly strong similarities in what factors affect the social status of women and men - both in the importance of individual status qualifiers and in the three underlying status dimensions: The highest-ranked dimension included status qualifiers related to external material resources and properties. The second most important dimension comprised interactional resources such as manners, looks, being married and having children. The third dimension concerned the importance of interest and engagement in politics, the environment, and fine art, which were of the least importance for social status. The few significant differences in ascriptions of status for a woman or a man were rather gender stereotypical. In addition, the analysis revealed some significant differences in status perceptions among the respondents: Gender, class, educational background, and country of birth were among the main determinants of such differences.