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Hong M, Yun I, Moon JY. Impact of doctor-shopping behavior on patient survival in lung cancer: findings from a 11-year cohort study using Korean claims data. BMC Cancer 2025; 25:914. [PMID: 40399828 PMCID: PMC12096485 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-13416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This population-based cohort study aimed to explore the impact of doctor-shopping behavior (DSB) on the survival of new patients with lung cancer in Korea to make policy suggestions for the efficient use of medical care for cancer patients. METHODS The cancer cohort data used in this study were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, which contains claim records for all cancer patients in Korea between 2009 and 2021. After setting the washout period and exclusion criteria, 280,030 patients were found to be eligible for the analysis. The outcome variables were death within 30 days, 90 days, 1 year, and survival over 5 years after the first diagnosis. DSB, a variable of interest, was defined as the number of visits from the first diagnosis to the first treatment, and was classified into four quartiles. A multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the effects of DSB on the survival of patients with lung cancer. RESULTS Compared to patients who visited the doctor less than once (Q1), those with 2-9 visits (Q2, Q3) had a lower likelihood of death within 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year, and a higher probability of survival over 5 years. However, patients with more than 10 visits (Q4) had significantly increased odds of death. Moreover, those with excessive doctor shopping had about a 12% decrease in the likelihood of surviving beyond 5 years compared to those with minimal visits (95% CI: 0.85-0.92). Stratified analysis revealed that, especially when patients who are middle class or higher living in metropolitan cities engage in excessive doctor shopping, the likelihood of death within 1 year increases by 14-18%, and the survival rate over 5 years decreases by 12-18%, compared to those who rarely doctor shopped. CONCLUSION For patients with lung cancer, moderate doctor shopping can positively affect survival, while excessive visits can increase mortality. This effect was more notable among patients with middle or higher incomes and those living in metropolitan cities. These results highlight the need for policies that regulate the use of medical resources, especially among patients with greater access to medical care, to ensure the efficient utilization of medical care for improved health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-Ro 3Beon-Gil, Namdong-Gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-Ro 3Beon-Gil, Namdong-Gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youn Moon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-Ro 3Beon-Gil, Namdong-Gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu T, Noor-E-Alam M, Hasan MM, Young LD, Young GJ. Counseling as a complement to buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder: A retrospective observational study of patient outcomes. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2025; 175:209719. [PMID: 40345667 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2025.209719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/11/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the clinical benefit of counseling as a complement to buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). The research addresses a critical gap in understanding whether counseling, when received concurrently with buprenorphine, can enhance patient outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health's Public Health Data Warehouse (PHD). The study included patients who initiated buprenorphine treatment between January 2015 and December 2019. Investigators measured outcomes including medication adherence, treatment discontinuation, and opioid-related overdose over a 12-month period. We evaluated the effectiveness of counseling based on whether patients attended a minimum of three sessions in the first three months of buprenorphine treatment. We employed multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching to analyze the data. RESULTS The study sample comprised 32,688 patients with 8871 (27 %) receiving counseling concomitantly with buprenorphine. Results from the regression analyses showed that counseling was associated with 17 % lower likelihood of poor medication continuity (OR = 0.83, 95 % CI = 0.78-0.87) and 21 % lower likelihood of treatment discontinuation (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI = 0.75-0.83). Counseling was not associated with the odds of opioid-related overdose. Additional results from sensitivity analyses pointed to a dose-response relationship for counseling within the parameters studied. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that counseling, when combined with buprenorphine treatment for OUD is associated with better patient outcomes in terms of medication continuity and treatment retention. However, the impact of counseling on opioid-related overdose risk was inconclusive, highlighting the need for further research to understand its role in overdose prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Zhu
- Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Md Noor-E-Alam
- Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, 1384 Union Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Leonard D Young
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, 250 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Gary J Young
- Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; D'Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Chen TT, Cheng TY, Liu IJ, Ho SC, Lee KY, Huang HT, Feng PH, Chen KY, Luo CS, Tseng CH, Chen YH, Majumdar A, Tsai CY, Wu SM. Leveraging Subjective Parameters and Biomarkers in Machine Learning Models: The Feasibility of lnc-IL7R for Managing Emphysema Progression. Diagnostics (Basel) 2025; 15:1165. [PMID: 40361983 PMCID: PMC12071574 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15091165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/01/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with emphysema progression providing valuable insights into disease development. Clinical assessment approaches, including pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography, are limited by accessibility constraints and radiation exposure. This study, therefore, proposed an alternative approach by integrating the novel biomarker long non-coding interleukin-7 receptor α-subunit gene (lnc-Il7R), along with other easily accessible clinical and biochemical metrics, into machine learning (ML) models. Methods: This cohort study collected baseline characteristics, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores, and biochemical details from the enrolled participants. Associations with emphysema severity, defined by a low attenuation area percentage (LAA%) threshold of 15%, were evaluated using simple and multivariate-adjusted models. The dataset was then split into training and validation (80%) and test (20%) subsets. Five ML models were employed, with the best-performing model being further analyzed for feature importance. Results: The majority of participants were elderly males. Compared to the LAA% <15% group, the LAA% ≥15% group demonstrated a significantly higher body mass index (BMI), poor pulmonary function, and lower expression levels of lnc-Il7R (all p < 0.01). Fold changes in lnc-IL7R were strongly and negatively associated with LAA% (p < 0.01). The random forest (RF) model achieved the highest accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) across datasets. A feature importance analysis identified lnc-IL7R fold changes as the strongest predictor for emphysema classification (LAA% ≥15%), followed by CAT scores and BMI. Conclusions: Machine learning models incorporated accessible clinical and biochemical markers, particularly the novel biomarker lnc-IL7R, achieving classification accuracy and AUROC exceeding 75% in emphysema assessments. These findings offer promising opportunities for improving emphysema classification and COPD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Tao Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Liu
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Ho
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Tyng Huang
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shan Luo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Tseng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-His Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Shimizu MR, Buddhiraju A, Kwon OJ, Kerluku J, Huang Z, Kwon YM. The Utility of Neighborhood Social Vulnerability Indices in Predicting Non-Home Discharge Disposition Following Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Comparison Study. J Arthroplasty 2025; 40:1148-1153. [PMID: 39490785 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying risk factors associated with non-home discharge (NHD) following revision hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA) could reduce the rate of preventable discharge to rehabilitation or skilled nursing facilities. Neighborhood-level deprivation indices are becoming an increasingly important measure of socioeconomic disadvantage as these indices consider multiple social determinants of health. This study aimed to compare the utility of widely used neighborhood social vulnerability indices in predicting NHD following revision TJA patients. METHODS This study included 1,043 consecutive patients who underwent revision TJA at a single tertiary health system. There were three multivariate logistic regression analyses with the outcome of NHD performed using the area deprivation index (ADI), social deprivation index (SDI), and social vulnerability index while controlling for other demographic variables. Neighborhood-level indices were included in the analysis as continuous variables and categorical quartiles, with the lowest quartile representing the least deprived neighborhoods of the patient cohort. The strength of the association of significant indices was measured. RESULTS Patients in the highest ADI and SDI quartiles demonstrated higher odds of NHD compared to the cohort with the lowest quartile (ADI OR [odds ratio] = 1.93, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 1.23 to 3.03, P = 0.005; SDI OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.91, P = 0.007). Discharge disposition was more strongly associated with ADI than SDI (0.68 versus 0.26). Age, American Society of Anesthesiologist status, and alcohol use were independent determinants of discharge disposition. No significant association was seen between social vulnerability index and discharge disposition. CONCLUSIONS Area-level indices can be utilized to identify patients at higher risk of NHD following revision TJA. This study highlights the important differences between these indices' utility when evaluating their effects on clinical outcomes in this patient population. The findings shed light on the potential of integrating these tools into policy development, clinical preoperative programs, and research to better understand and address the health disparities in arthroplasty outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Riyo Shimizu
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anirudh Buddhiraju
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Oh-Jak Kwon
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jona Kerluku
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Young-Min Kwon
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Klop M, Melis RJF, Peeters GMEEG, Geuzebroek GSC, Heijmen RH, van Wezel RJA, Claassen JAHR. Preoperative physical resilience indicators and their associations with postoperative outcomes. GeroScience 2025:10.1007/s11357-025-01633-6. [PMID: 40175848 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-01633-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025] Open
Abstract
The health benefit of surgery in older adults may be outweighed by negative effects on cognitive or physical function. Physical resilience is defined as the potential for recovery after a stressor such as surgery. We assessed associations between physical resilience measured by orthostatic blood pressure (BP) and cerebral oxygenation recovery or grip work (sustained hand grip strength; GW) and postoperative outcome in two cohorts of (older) surgical patients. The first cohort (CTC) consisted of patients undergoing complex cardiothoracic surgery. The second cohort (GRR) held geriatric outpatients undergoing various surgical procedures. Outcome measures were length of stay (LoS) and postoperative complications. Negative binomial (LoS) and ordinal (complications) regression models were used to determine associations. 261 patients (113 CTC and 148 GRR) underwent surgery. Median LoS was 10 (CTC) and 5 days (GRR). Postoperative complications occurred in 80% (CTC) and 45% (GRR) of patients. In CTC, 10 mmHg higher systolic BP recovery was associated with a 12% shorter LoS (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.88 (95% CI 0.78-0.98)). 10 s longer sustained hand grip was associated with a 5% shorter LoS in GRR (IRR 0.95 (0.90-1.00)), but a 7% longer LoS in CTC (IRR 1.07 (1.03-1.11)). No significant associations were found with postoperative complications. Orthostatic cerebral oxygenation recovery in CTC was not significantly associated with any postoperative outcome. Our results imply that resilience indicators might be associated with LoS after surgery. Future research should seek to replicate our findings and investigate whether adding resilience parameters to preoperative assessment can support postoperative outcome prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Klop
- Department of Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - René J F Melis
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - G M E E Geeske Peeters
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume S C Geuzebroek
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Robin H Heijmen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J A van Wezel
- Department of Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- OnePlanet Research Center, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Cayol F, Gatica G, Companys P, Passarella C, Sanchez R, Korbenfeld E, Zarba J, Carranza O, Kowalyszyn R, Taetti G, Richardet M, Espamer E, Lazaro MF, Pelagatti L, Mainardi N, Cortes M, Peñaloza J, Cutuli H, Dominguez MP, Somerville H, Sarru F, Sade JP, Camacho AF, Menna E, Macharashvili I, Altamirano RH, Marchioni A, Losco F, López P, Soule T, Aymar M, Jerez I, Hernández Morán JI, Quiroga MNG, Angel M. Treatment Trends in Metastatic Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma in Argentina. JCO Glob Oncol 2025; 11:e2400342. [PMID: 40267381 DOI: 10.1200/go-24-00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 12/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2%-3% of adult cancers globally. In Argentina, RCC is the fifth most common cancer, with over 2,000 new patients annually. This study aims to evaluate treatment trends for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in Argentina. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted involving 689 patients with mRCC treated in Argentina between 2015 and 2022. The study analyzed treatment patterns and outcomes over time. RESULTS Access to combination treatments for mRCC in Argentina has increased significantly, with 87% of patients receiving such therapies during the 2021-2022 period. The real-world data demonstrated that combination treatments in this Latin American population resulted in prolonged progression-free survival and improved overall response rate. CONCLUSION The results underscore the importance of ensuring access to combination therapies for patients with mRCC in Latin America. These findings should inform public health policies aimed at guaranteeing access to effective combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cayol
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Gatica
- . Hospital Alemán Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Companys
- Hospital de alta complejidad "Juan Domingo Perón," Formosa, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Jose Zarba
- Hospital Zenón Santillan Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Omar Carranza
- Hospital Privado de Comunidad de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Gonzalo Taetti
- Instituto de investigaciones médicas Alfredo Lanari (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ezequiel Espamer
- Hospital regional Ramon Carrillo Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Matías Cortes
- Clínica Univeristaria Reina Fabiola, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - José Peñaloza
- Centro Oncológico Integral Neuquen, Neuquen, Argentina
| | - Hernan Cutuli
- Hospital Sirio Libanes, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Juan Pablo Sade
- Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Emiliano Menna
- Centro oncológico integral La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Andrea Marchioni
- . Hospital Alemán Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Losco
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pamela López
- Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomas Soule
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Aymar
- . Hospital Alemán Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Martín Angel
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Viola M, Sacerdote C, Ciccone G, Donarelli E, Kogevinas M, Rasulo A, Toscano A, Pagano E, Rosato R. Long‑term physical and mental Health-Related Quality of Life in Italian patients post COVID-19 hospitalisation. Qual Life Res 2025; 34:1103-1111. [PMID: 39776339 PMCID: PMC11982126 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prior evidence suggests that patients' Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) worsens after COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate HRQoL in Italian patients post-hospitalization for COVID-19, focusing on changes in physical and mental HRQoL over time since COVID-19 diagnosis. METHODS A cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at Molinette Hospital in Turin, Italy, was contacted post-discharge to assess HRQoL using the SF-36 questionnaire. Patients completed the questionnaire only once at a different time since diagnosis. This design allowed for the analysis of responses up to three years after diagnosis. Measured scores were compared with normative data from the Italian population using z-scores. HRQoL differences by gender, comorbidities, and self-perception of health status before and after COVID-19 were tested. The effect of time since diagnosis on physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) SF-36 scores was analysed using multiple linear models and stratified analyses. RESULTS A total of 601 patients completed the questionnaire. HRQoL was significantly lower compared to the normative Italian population. Men and individuals without comorbidities had better HRQoL, and self-perceptions of health status before and after COVID-19 influenced HRQoL. Time since diagnosis was associated with improved PCS, but MCS remained unaffected. Mental health declined in patients using anxiolytics post-COVID-19, and increasing age negatively affected physical health. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the impact of time since diagnosis on HRQoL post-COVID-19 in an Italian population and suggest the need for further investigation into the pandemic's effects on HRQoL. Physicians should implement measures to improve mental HRQoL post-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Viola
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin (UniTO), Turin, Italy.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University-Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovannino Ciccone
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University-Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Assunta Rasulo
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University-Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Toscano
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin (UniTO), Turin, Italy
| | - Eva Pagano
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University-Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Rosalba Rosato
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin (UniTO), Turin, Italy
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Greenfield N, Wysocki M, Arcoleo K, Rodriguez J, Jariwala S, Busse P, Federman A, Wisnivesky J, Feldman JM. The relationship between depressive symptoms and coping style on asthma outcomes in older adults. J Behav Med 2025; 48:317-330. [PMID: 39672992 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/23/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of coping styles in older adults with asthma on the prospective relationship between depressive symptoms and asthma outcomes, and how their perceptions of social support influenced their coping styles. METHODS Adults 60 and over with asthma were recruited and interviewed about their experiences of asthma, depression, and other psychosocial factors over three time points (Baseline, 6-month, and 12-month visits). Structural equation models examined the mediating roles of coping styles in the relationship between depressive symptoms (assessed by BDI-II) and asthma outcomes (i.e., asthma control, asthma quality of life, asthma-related distress, asthma-related hospitalizations, and oral corticosteroid use) and the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between depressive symptoms and coping style. RESULTS 455 participants were included in this study. Overall, 33.9% of the study population self-identified as Black and 32.8% as Hispanic. Depressive symptoms at baseline predicted less spiritual coping at 6 months (β = - 0.15, p = 0.03), more negative coping at 6 months (β = 0.44, p < .0001), and worse asthma outcomes at 12 months (β = 0.31, p < .0001). None of the coping styles significantly mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and asthma outcomes. Perceived social support mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and positive coping, such that more depressive symptoms predicted less perceived social support, which in turn resulted in less positive coping engagement (β = - 0.06, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that in older adults with asthma depressive symptoms impact perceived social support, coping strategy selection (including spiritual coping), and subsequent asthma outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Greenfield
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Rousso Building, 1165 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Arcoleo
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Sunit Jariwala
- Division of Allergy/Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Paula Busse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Federman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Wisnivesky
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M Feldman
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Rousso Building, 1165 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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9
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Sanghvi PA, Xu C, Baker J, Hecht C, Kamath AF. Comparison of outcomes and revision free survival of early arthrofibrosis management after total knee replacement: a national cohort analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2025; 35:128. [PMID: 40113614 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-025-04245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined three common treatment options for arthrofibrosis treatment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA)-manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), arthroscopic lysis of adhesions (LOA), and revision TKA (rTKA)-and evaluated differences in medical outcomes, orthopedic outcomes, and revision free survivorship. METHODS The TriNetX platform was queried to identify patients with arthrofibrosis after TKA. Cohorts were stratified by treatment and matched based on demographics and comorbidities. Differences in short-term medical complications, long-term orthopedic complications, and revision free survivorship were assessed. Odds ratios were used to compare outcomes, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to determine survivorship. RESULTS 30,142 patients were identified with arthrofibrosis after TKA (3.61%). Within one year of diagnoses, 3,617 patients were treated with MUA, 2,022 with rTKA, 489 with LOA, and 635 patients with rTKA after MUA/LOA. At 90 days, rTKA had a higher risk of acute kidney injury, pulmonary embolism, wound dehiscence, emergency department visits, and readmission compared to MUA, and lower risk of readmission compared to patients with prior MUA/LOA (P < 0.05). At 2 years, rTKA had a higher risk of periprosthetic fracture, prosthetic dislocation, periprosthetic joint infection, and aseptic loosening compared to MUA but a lower risk of prosthetic dislocation and periprosthetic joint infection compared to patients with prior MUA/LOA (P < 0.05). Survivorship with rTKA was markedly lower than with MUA at 2-and 10-years but was comparable with prior MUA/LOA. CONCLUSION This study found that manipulation under anesthesia may be preferred as the first-line treatment in the management of early postoperative arthrofibrosis over rTKA due to decreased short-term and long-term complication risk and increased survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parshva A Sanghvi
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Crystal Xu
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jumaa Baker
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christian Hecht
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Atul F Kamath
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
- Cleveland Orthopedic and Spine Institute, Mayfield Heights, Ohio, USA.
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Miao L, Gong C, Liao J, Xie C, Shen X, Cheng Y. Dynamic Trends of Albumin-to-C-Reactive Protein Ratio: A Prognostic Indicator in Elderly Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. J Inflamm Res 2025; 18:4195-4211. [PMID: 40125077 PMCID: PMC11930240 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s512632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic significance of dynamic changes in the albumin-to-C-reactive protein ratio (ACR) in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the utility of ACR as a dynamic biomarker for predicting 28-day mortality and enhancing risk stratification in this high-risk population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 437 elderly CAP patients (≥65 years). Serum albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured at admission (T0), 24 hours (T1), and 3 days (T2) post-admission. ACR was calculated for each time point, and its prognostic value was assessed using advanced statistical methods. Results The 28-day mortality rate was 16.7%. ACR levels were consistently lower in non-survivors across all time points (P < 0.001). RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between ACR and mortality risk. Time-varying ROC analysis demonstrated that ACR consistently outperformed CRP in predicting mortality, with superior area under the curve (AUC) values at all time points. Random-effects modeling indicated minimal inter-individual variability in ACR (random effects variance: 0.030; standard deviation: 0.175). Time-varying Cox regression confirmed a strong negative association between dynamic ACR changes and mortality risk, with a C-statistic of 0.833 (P < 0.001). Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of ACR is a robust and clinically applicable tool for predicting short-term mortality in elderly CAP patients. By integrating markers of inflammation and nutritional status, ACR facilitates early identification of high-risk patients and supports personalized treatment strategies. These findings highlight the potential of ACR as a novel biomarker for improving clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxian Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Cheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Baniassadi A, Yu W, Travison T, Day R, Lipsitz L, Manor B. Home Ambient Temperature and Self-Reported Attention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2025; 80:glae286. [PMID: 39656181 PMCID: PMC11909732 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is expected to disrupt weather patterns across the world, exposing older adults to more intense and frequent periods of hot weather. Meanwhile, lab-based studies have established a causal relationship between ambient temperature and cognitive abilities, suggesting the expected rise in temperature may influence older adults' cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether, and to what extent, the temperature variations in older adults' own homes-which unlike lab settings are under their control-influence their cognitive functioning. Our objective was to provide proof of concept that home ambient temperature influences self-reported ability to maintain attention in older adults. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal observational study, continuously monitoring the home ambient temperature and self-reported difficulty keeping attention for 12 months in 47 of community-dwelling older adults living in Boston, Massachusetts. RESULTS We observed a U-shaped relationship between home ambient temperature at the time of assessment and the odds ratio (OR) of reporting difficulty keeping attention such that the OR was lowest between 20°C and 24°C and doubled when moving away from this range by 4°C in either direction. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that even under the current climate, a considerable portion of older adults encounter indoor temperatures detrimental to their cognitive abilities. Climate change may exacerbate this problem, particularly among low-income and underserved older adults. Addressing this issue in public health and housing policy is essential to building climate resiliency in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Baniassadi
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wanting Yu
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Travison
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Day
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lewis Lipsitz
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brad Manor
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Laudanski K, Sayed Ahmed A, Mahmoud MA, Antar M, Gad H. Heterogeneity of the Immunological and Pathogenic Profiles in Patients Hospitalize Early Versus Late During an Acute Vital Illness as Shown in Native SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2349. [PMID: 40076968 PMCID: PMC11900162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
The immune system's response to an invading pathogen is the critical determinant in recovery from illness. Here, we hypothesize that the immune response will swiftly follow classical activation and a resolution trajectory in patients with the rapid evolution of symptoms if challenged by a viral pathogen for the first time. Alternatively, a dysregulated response will be signified by a protracted clinical trajectory. Consequently, we enrolled 106 patients during the first wave of COVID-19 and collected their blood within 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, and over 28 days from symptoms onset. The pathogenic burden was measured via serum levels of the S-spike protein and specific immunoglobulin titers against the S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2. The nonspecific immunological response was gauged using interleukin 6, leukocytosis, and C-reactive protein. Coagulation status was assessed. Several serum biomarkers were used as surrogates of clinical outcomes. We identified four clusters depending on the onset of symptoms (immediate [A], 6 days [B], 12 days [C], and over 21 days [D]). High variability in the S-spike protein in cluster A was present. The corresponding immunoglobulin titer was random. Only procalcitonin differentiated clusters in terms of markers of nonspecific inflammation. Coagulation markers were not significantly different between clusters. Serum surrogates on cardiomyopathy and neuronal pathology exhibited significant variability. Implementation of ECMO or noninvasive ventilation was more prominent in cluster C and D. Interestingly, SOFA or APACHE II scores were not different between nominal (A and B) versus dysregulated clusters (C and D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.A.); (H.G.)
| | - Ahmed Sayed Ahmed
- Division of Pulmonary Care and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed A. Mahmoud
- Division of Pulmonary Care and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed Antar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.A.); (H.G.)
| | - Hossam Gad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.A.); (H.G.)
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13
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Birkner D, Pigorsch M, Riedlinger D, Möckel M, Lindner T, Schenk L, Deutschbein J. The vulnerability of hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment: an analysis of health conditions, hospital care, and outcomes. BMC Geriatr 2025; 25:99. [PMID: 39953428 PMCID: PMC11829398 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-025-05744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment, including dementia, and hip fracture are both common among older patients. Both conditions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cognitive impairment is often underdiagnosed and may remain undetected in hip fracture patients. Little is known about the prevalence, specific characteristics, and outcomes of hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment. This analysis aimed to compare hip fracture patients with and without cognitive impairments regarding their health conditions, hospital care, and the risk of complications and mortality. METHODS This study used data derived from the EMAAge project, a prospective multi-center cohort study conducted in Berlin, Germany. Patients aged 40 years and older with hip fracture were stratified into three cognitive status groups: no cognitive impairment (NCI), moderate cognitive impairment (MCI), and severe cognitive impairment (SCI). Categorization was based on patients' ability to engage in interviews and their performance on the 6-item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT). Standardized mean differences were used to compare various health-related parameters and health care utilization measures. Regression models, both adjusted and unadjusted, were calculated for the number of complications and the mortality rate. RESULTS Cognitive impairment was present in 37% of the 310 hip fracture patients in the study cohort. Patients with cognitive impairment had a worse baseline health profile, delayed admission to the emergency department, a longer time to surgery, and were less likely to be referred to a rehabilitation program. In the adjusted regression model for the number of complications, the incidence rate ratio was 1.237 (p = 0.292) for MCI patients and 2.065 (p < 0.001) for SCI patients compared with NCI patients. The adjusted odds ratio for mortality was 1.046 (p = 0.942) for MCI patients and 2.875 (p = 0.060) for SCI patients. CONCLUSIONS Hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment, particularly severe impairment, arrive at the ED in a considerably poorer state of health and are at a higher risk of adverse outcomes, including complications and mortality. Timely identification of this at-risk group upon arrival appears to be essential to providing adequate care. This study highlights the need for interventions and research aimed at improving prevention, emergency care and outcomes for this vulnerable group, addressing their specific risk factors, and promoting the quality of care in hospital and after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Birkner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mareen Pigorsch
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Riedlinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division of Emergency Medicine Campus Mitte and Virchow, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Möckel
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division of Emergency Medicine Campus Mitte and Virchow, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division of Emergency Medicine Campus Mitte and Virchow, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Liane Schenk
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Deutschbein
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Kazemi F, Liu J, Parker M, Jimenez AE, Ahmed AK, Salvatori R, Hamrahian AH, Rowan NR, Ramanathan M, London NR, Ishii M, Rincon-Torroella J, Gallia GL, Mukherjee D. Hospital frailty risk score predicts postoperative outcomes after endoscopic endonasal resection of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Pituitary 2025; 28:27. [PMID: 39900652 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-024-01496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE Frailty indices are invaluable resources in risk stratification and predicting high-value care outcomes for neurosurgical patients. The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a recently developed and validated method for evaluating frailty; however, its implementation has yet to be assessed in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas undergoing endoscopic endonasal resection. In this study, we aimed to evaluate HFRS's predictive ability for high-value care outcomes, namely postoperative complications, length of stay (LOS), and hospital charges, and to compare it to other traditionally used frailty indices. METHODS A retrospective review of electronic medical records from 2017 to 2020. A total of 109 ICD-10 codes corresponding to various frailty-related conditions were used to identify the components of HFRS. These components were then used to calculate the HFRS for each patient, with higher scores indicative of elevated frailty. Standard multivariate logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between HFRS and high-value care outcomes. Model discrimination was assessed using the area under the ROC curves, and the DeLong test was used to compare AUCs. RESULTS A total of 172 patients were included, with a mean age of 57.27 ± 12.95 years and an average HFRS score of 3.65 ± 3.27. Among patients, 56% were male, 5.2% experience postoperative complications, 23.3% endured extended LOS, 25.0% incurred high hospital charges. In multivariate regression models, greater HFRS was significantly and independently associated with postoperative complications (OR = 1.51, P < 0.001), extended LOS (OR = 1.17, P = 0.006) and high hospital charges (OR = 1.18, P = 0.004). HFRS had the highest AUC compared to other frailty indices and was the most parsimonious model, with AUC values of 0.82, 0.64, and 0.63 for predicting complications, extended LOS, and higher charges, respectively. CONCLUSION Higher HFRS scores are significantly associated with postoperative complications, prolonged LOS, and high hospital charges for patients undergoing pituitary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foad Kazemi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Megan Parker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Adrian E Jimenez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - A Karim Ahmed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Roberto Salvatori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amir H Hamrahian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas R Rowan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Murugappan Ramanathan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nyall R London
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jordina Rincon-Torroella
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Gary L Gallia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Debraj Mukherjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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15
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Tran P, Knecht S, Tamine L, Faure N, Orban JC, Bronsard N, Gonzalez JF, Micicoi G. Risk prediction of kalaemia disturbance and acute kidney injury after total knee arthroplasty: use of a machine learning algorithm. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2025; 111:103958. [PMID: 39047862 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2024.103958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a procedure associated with risks of electrolyte and kidney function disorders, which are rare but can lead to serious complications if not correctly identified. A routine check-up is very often carried out to assess the seric ionogram and kidney function after TKA, that rarely requires clinical intervention in the event of a disturbance. The aim of this study was to identify perioperative variables that would lead to the creation of a machine learning model predicting the risk of kalaemia disorders and/or acute kidney injury after total knee arthroplasty. HYPOTHESIS A predictive model could be constructed to estimate the risk of kalaemia disorders and/or acute kidney injury after total knee arthroplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS This single-centre retrospective study included 774 total knee arthroplasties (TKA) operated on between January 2020 and March 2023. Twenty-five preoperative variables were incorporated into the machine learning model and filtered by a first algorithm. The most predictive variables selected were used to construct a second algorithm to define the overall risk model for postoperative kalaemia and/or acute kidney injury (K+ A). Two groups were formed of K+ A and non-K+ A patients after TKA. A univariate analysis was performed and the performance of the machine learning model was assessed by the area under the curve representing the sensitivity of the model as a function of 1 - specificity. RESULTS Of the 774 patients included who had undergone TKA surgery, 46 patients (5.9%) had a postoperative kalaemia disorder requiring correction and 13 patients (1.7%) had acute kidney injury, of whom 5 patients (0.6%) received vascular filling. Eight variables were included in the machine learning predictive model, including body mass index, age, presence of diabetes, operative time, lowest mean arterial pressure, Charlson score, smoking and preoperative glomerular filtration rate. Overall performance was good with an area under the curve of 0.979 [CI95% 0.938-1.02], sensitivity was 90.3% [CI95% 86.2-94.4] and specificity 89.7% [CI95% 85.5-93.8]. The tool developed to assess the risk of impaired kalaemia and/or acute kidney injury after TKA is available on https://arthrorisk.com. CONCLUSION The risk of kalaemia disturbance and postoperative acute kidney injury after total knee arthroplasty could be predicted by a model that identifies low-risk and high-risk patients based on eight pre- and intraoperative variables. This machine learning tool is available on a web platform accessible for everyone, easy to use and has a high predictive performance. The aim of the model was to better identify and anticipate the complications of dyskalaemia and postoperative acute kidney injury in high-risk patients. Further prospective multicentre series are needed to assess the value of a systematic postoperative biochemical work-up in the absence of risk predicted by the model. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV; retrospective study of case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Tran
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Siam Knecht
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, EFS, ADES, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Lyna Tamine
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Nicolas Faure
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Orban
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation et Médecine Péri-Opératoire, Hôpital Privé Cannes Oxford, 06400 Cannes, France
| | - Nicolas Bronsard
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Gonzalez
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Grégoire Micicoi
- Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport (IULS), Hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30 voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France.
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Foret J, Paren AJ, Zayet S, Chirouze C, Gendrin V, Bouiller K, Klopfenstein T. Residual Symptoms and Quality of Life After Treated Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Case-Control Study (QoLYME). Open Forum Infect Dis 2025; 12:ofaf042. [PMID: 39981069 PMCID: PMC11842133 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaf042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Earlier studies revealed that 10%-50% of patients reported remaining complaints after treatment for Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). The aim of our study was to assess symptoms and quality of life in patients with diagnosed and treated LNB and to compare them with findings in the general population. Methods Adults with LNB receiving adequate antibiotics were included between 2015 and 2021 in 2 tertiary hospitals. Two controls without Lyme borreliosis history were included for each case patient, matched by age and geographic area. All participants were interviewed to answer a standardized questionnaire. Fatigue was assessed by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and quality of life by the 12-Item Short Form Survey, including physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores. Results Fifty-three patients and 104 controls were included. The mean age (SD) was 62 (13) years in both groups; 66% were male in the LNB group and 44% in the control group (P = .01). Fatigue (68% vs 48%, respectively; P = .02), memory disorders (60% vs 38%; P < .01), and attention disorders (32% vs 17%; P = .05) were significantly more frequent in the LNB group than in controls. In multivariable analysis, no association was found between LNB and FSS scores (odds ratio, 1.6 [95% confidence interval, .9-3.0]; P = .15) or between LNB and MCS scores (0.8 [.4-1.5]; P = .45); however, patients with LNB had lower PCS scores (0.5 [.3-.9]; P = .03). Conclusions Several symptoms were similar in patients with LNB and controls. Quality of life was slightly impaired in patients with LNB and PCS scores were lower, but there were no differences in MCS or FSS scores. Reassurance and specific rehabilitation measures could be provided to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Foret
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Anne-Julie Paren
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, Trevenans, France
| | - Souheil Zayet
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, Trevenans, France
| | - Catherine Chirouze
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
- Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, CHU Besançon, CNRS, Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249), F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Vincent Gendrin
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, Trevenans, France
| | - Kevin Bouiller
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
- Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, CHU Besançon, CNRS, Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249), F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Timothée Klopfenstein
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, Trevenans, France
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Sriram S, Miller P, Reilly T, Ebrahim G, Ali M, Chowdhury MAB, Sorrentino Z, Chen S, Ghiaseddin A, Koch M, Rahman M. Safety and Efficacy of Ketorolac After Craniotomy for Tumor Resection. World Neurosurg 2025; 194:123339. [PMID: 39447744 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative pain is the most common undesirable outcome after neurosurgery. Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is administered parenterally and carries a theoretical increased risk of bleeding. Our study aims to determine whether ketorolac after craniotomy for tumor resection significantly changes the rate of postoperative adverse events, adequately controls pain, and decreases concurrent narcotic use. METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor resection from 2013 to 2022. Analysis of patients who received ketorolac and those who did not in the postoperative period were compared for adverse events associated with ketorolac use. Secondary outcomes included patient-reported pain scores and postoperative opioid use. RESULTS In total, 1114 patients were included, of whom 70 received ketorolac in the postoperative period. Ketorolac was typically administered to patients in whom narcotics had failed to provide sufficient pain relief. Patients receiving ketorolac were younger (P = 0.001) and had a lower comorbidity index (P = 0.041) compared with the nonketorolac group. Patients receiving ketorolac did not experience a significantly increased rate of bleeding events (P = 0.850). Patients receiving ketorolac had significantly greater baseline levels of pain (P = 0.018) and opioid use (P = 0.047). When matched for chronic comorbidities including pain disorders, the ketorolac group only displayed greater levels of pain early in the postoperative course (postoperative day 0-1) but not in latter part of the initial postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS Ketorolac is a safe and effective option for pain control after craniotomy for tumor resection. Prospective data are needed to better validate these retrospective observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Sriram
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| | - Patricia Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas Reilly
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ghaidaa Ebrahim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Madiha Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Zachary Sorrentino
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ashley Ghiaseddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Koch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Lluís N, Villodre C, Guilabert L, de Castro I, Zapater P, Martínez B, Aparicio JR, Lluís F, de-Madaria E. One-year outcomes of elderly acute cholecystitis patients by index treatment. Front Surg 2025; 12:1500700. [PMID: 39949524 PMCID: PMC11821576 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1500700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Strategies for managing the elderly with acute cholecystitis need to be refined. Aims To examine additional procedures, hospital readmissions, and outpatient visits in the year following the index admission. Patients and methods Single-institution retrospective study of fifty consecutive patients aged ≥70 years admitted with acute cholecystitis. A propensity score matching analysis adjusted for demographic and clinical variables was carried out. Results The one-year rates of additional procedures were 0%, 47.4%, and 72.7% for surgery, supportive care (SC), and percutaneous gallbladder drainage (PCGD), respectively. The one-year readmission rate was 0%, 15.8%, and 50% after these index procedures, respectively. After propensity score analysis, patients who received SC (55.6% vs. 0%, P = .03) or PCGD (77.8% vs. 0%, P = .002) had a higher rate of additional procedures compared to those who underwent surgery. Additionally, patients receiving PCGD had a higher readmission rate than those undergoing surgery (55.6% vs. 0%, P = .03). Nine patients who received SC and nine patients who received PCGD could have potentially undergone surgery during the index admission. This would have resulted in improved one-year outcomes. Conclusion Cholecystectomy during the index hospitalization may provide better one-year outcomes than SC or PCGD in at least 50% of patients ≥70 years with acute cholecystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Lluís
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Celia Villodre
- Department of Surgery, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Lucía Guilabert
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Isabel de Castro
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pedro Zapater
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
- IDIBE, CIBERehd, Alicante, Spain
| | - Belén Martínez
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - José R. Aparicio
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fèlix Lluís
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique de-Madaria
- Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
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19
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Kutrani H, Briggs J, Prytherch D, Spice C. Using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score to predict length of stay across all adult ages. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0317234. [PMID: 39847554 PMCID: PMC11756769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) has recently been used to predict adverse health outcomes including length of stay (LOS) in hospital. LOS is an important indicator for patient quality of care, the measurement of hospital performance, efficiency and costs. Tools to predict LOS may enable earlier interventions in those identified at higher risk of a long stay. Previous work focused on patients over 75 years of age, but we explore the relationship between HFRS and LOS for all adults. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study using data from a large acute hospital during the period from 01/01/2010 to 30/06/2018. The study included patients aged 16 years and older. We calculated HFRS for patients who had been previously admitted to the hospital within the previous 2 years. The study developed Logistic Regression models (crude and adjusted) for nine prediction periods of LOS to assess association between (LOS and HFRS) and (LOS and Charlson Comorbidity Index-CCI), using odds ratios, and AUROC to assess model performance. RESULTS An increase in HFRS is associated with prolonged LOS. HFRS alone or combined with CCI were more important predictor of long LOS in most of periods to predict LOS. However, crude HFRS was superior to the models where HFRS was combined with any other variable for LOS in excess of 21 days, which had AUROCs ranging from 0·867 to 0·890. Regarding eight age groups, crude HFRS remained the first or second most effective predictor of long LOS. HFRS alone or combined with CCI was superior to other models for patients older than 44 years for all periods of LOS; whereas for patients younger than 44 years it was superior for all LOS except 45, 60, and 90 days. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated the utility of HFRS to predict hospital LOS in patients across all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Kutrani
- Centre for Healthcare Modelling and Informatics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Briggs
- Centre for Healthcare Modelling and Informatics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - David Prytherch
- Centre for Healthcare Modelling and Informatics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Spice
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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20
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Bulot AL, Dion L, Nyangoh Timoh K, Dupré PF, Azaïs H, Touboul C, Dabi Y, Graesslin O, Raimond E, Costaz H, Kerbage Y, Huchon C, Mimoun C, Koskas M, Akladios C, Lecointre L, Canlorbe G, Chauvet P, Ouldamer L, Carcopino X, Gauthier T, Bendifallah S, Levêque J, Lavoué V. Ovarian carcinoma in patients aged ≥80 years: A retrospective multicenter study of management and survival in the FRANCOGYN population. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2025; 54:102872. [PMID: 39461721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2024.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to describe survival outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer aged ≥80 years and to explore predictors of poor prognosis. METHODS We collected clinical, demographic, histologic, surgical and follow-up data for patients with ovarian cancer aged ≥80 years from a multicenter French cohort (FRANCOGYN) who underwent surgery from 1999 to 2019. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We performed a descriptive analysis of demographic and clinical data and a survival time analysis and comparison using the Kaplan Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS Of 1671 patients treated for ovarian cancer during the study period, 83 were aged ≥80 years (median age at diagnosis, 83 years; range, 80-99). Median OS was 39.6 months (range, 23.64-60.24). Factors significantly associated with OS in the univariate analysis were adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) (HR 2.32; 95 % CI, 1.00-5.42 for ACCI >4), FIGO stage (HR 4.07 for FIGO stage >IIA; 95 % CI, 1.43-11.54), debulking surgery (HR 0.40; 95 % CI, 0.20-0.78), residual disease after surgery (HR 3.00; 95 % CI, 1.31-6.87), and postoperative complications (HR 2.24; 95 % CI, 1.04-4.81). Significant independent predictors of worse OS in the multivariate analysis were ACCI >4 (HR 4.96; 95 % CI, 1.57-15.75), perioperative complications (HR 5.01; 95 % CI, 1.32-18.95), and residual tumor after surgical debulking (HR 3.78; 95 % CI, 1.23-11.61). CONCLUSION Age by itself should not refrain surgeons and oncologist from proposing surgical debulking and chemotherapy, as recommended by international guidelines for patients with ovarian cancer aged ≥80 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ludivine Dion
- Gynecology department of Rennes Teaching Hospital, France
| | | | | | - Henri Azaïs
- Gynecology department of Georges Pompidou European Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine of Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine of Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Emilie Raimond
- Gynecology department of Reims Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Hélène Costaz
- Departement of Surgical Oncology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Dijon, France
| | - Yohan Kerbage
- Gynecology department of Lille Teaching Hospital, France
| | - Cyrille Huchon
- Gynecology department of Lariboisiere Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Camille Mimoun
- Gynecology department of Lariboisiere Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Martin Koskas
- Gynecology department of Bichat Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Cherif Akladios
- Gynecology department of Strasbourg Teaching Hospital, France
| | - Lise Lecointre
- Gynecology department of Strasbourg Teaching Hospital, France
| | - Geoffroy Canlorbe
- Gynecology department of La Pitié Salpétrière Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Pauline Chauvet
- Gynecology department of Clermont Ferrand Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Lobna Ouldamer
- Gynecology department of Tours Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, France
| | - Xavier Carcopino
- Gynecology department of Marseille Teaching Hospital, AP-HM, France
| | | | | | - Jean Levêque
- Gynecology department of Rennes Teaching Hospital, France
| | - Vincent Lavoué
- Gynecology department of Rennes Teaching Hospital, France.
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21
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Hilmi M, Khati I, Turpin A, Andremont A, Burdet C, Grall N, Vidal J, Bousquet PJ, Rousseau B, Bihan-Benjamin CL. Association between the antibiotics use and recurrence in patients with resected colorectal cancer: EVADER-1, a nation-wide pharmaco-epidemiologic study. Dig Liver Dis 2025; 57:89-96. [PMID: 39232868 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of antibiotics (ATBs) on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence after curative resection remains unknown. METHODS Using the French nation-wide database of cancer patients, all newly diagnosed non-metastatic CRC patients resected between 01/2012 and 12/2014 were included. The perioperative ATB intake (from 6 months before surgery until 1 year after) was classified according to the class, the period of use (pre- vs post-resection), the disease stage (localized and locally advanced), and the primary tumor location (colon and rectum/junction). The primary endpoint was the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS). The impact of ATB was assessed using time-dependent multivariate Cox models. RESULTS A total of 35,496 CRC patients were included. Seventy-nine percent of patients had at least one ATB intake. Outpatient ATB intake after surgery was associated with unfavorable 3-year DFS. The ATBs associated with decreased 3-year DFS were cephalosporins, streptogramins, quinolones, penicillin A with beta-lactamase inhibitors, and antifungals with differential effects according to the primary tumor location and disease stage. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ATBs modulate the risk of recurrence after early CRC resection with a differential impact of the ATB classes depending on disease stage and tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hilmi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Cloud, France; GERCOR, Paris, France
| | - Ines Khati
- Department of Health Data and Assessment, Health Survey, Data-science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute (INCa), Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Anthony Turpin
- GERCOR, Paris, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | | | - Charles Burdet
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Bichat Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Grall
- Microbiology Laboratory, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Joana Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, IMIM, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe-Jean Bousquet
- Department of Health Data and Assessment, Health Survey, Data-science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute (INCa), Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Benoît Rousseau
- GERCOR, Paris, France; Department of Medicine, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
| | - Christine Le Bihan-Benjamin
- Department of Health Data and Assessment, Health Survey, Data-science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute (INCa), Boulogne Billancourt, France
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22
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Yang D, Karanth SD, Yoon HS, Yang JJ, Lou X, Bian J, Zhang D, Guo Y, Yaghjyan L, Akinyemiju T, Rodriguez E, Mehta HJ, Braithwaite D. Disparities in Utilization of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Among Older Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A SEER-Medicare Analysis. JCO ONCOLOGY ADVANCES 2024; 1:e2400008. [PMID: 39758136 PMCID: PMC11698018 DOI: 10.1200/oa.24.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the United States, there are disparities in access to care for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the basis of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic factors. This study investigates the association between race/ethnicity and the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy among older patients with advanced NSCLC (aNSCLC). METHODS This retrospective study used data from the SEER-Medicare-linked database. The cohort included patients (age 66 years or older) diagnosed with aNSCLC (stage III/IV) between March 2015 and December 2017, and they were followed through December 2019. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic (NH)-White, NH-Black, Hispanic, and Other. ICI therapy utilization was determined by identifying any usage of ICI agents (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, ipilimumab, and cemiplimab-rwlc) from the Medicare database. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the association between race/ethnicity and ICI therapy utilization (yes, no). Effect measure modification analyses were conducted by sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity. RESULTS The final sample included 26,836 patients; 76.2% were NH-White, 10.1% NH-Black, 5.7% Hispanic, and 8.0% Other. The overall ICI therapy utilization proportion was 17.8%, varying across ethnicities: NH-Black 14.1%, Hispanic 16.3%, NH-White 18.4%, and Other 18.5%. In comparison with NH-White patients, NH-Black patients were 15% less likely to receive ICI therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.96]). Furthermore, the association between race/ethnicity and utilization of ICI therapy was modified by comorbidity status, sex, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION NH-Black patients with aNSCLC were less likely to receive ICI therapy than their NH-White counterparts. Our findings indicate the racial/ethnic disparities in ICI therapy utilization and call for further interventions to optimize access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danting Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL
| | - Shama D. Karanth
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Hyung-Suk Yoon
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jae Jeong Yang
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Xiwei Lou
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jiang Bian
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Yi Guo
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL
| | - Tomi Akinyemiju
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
- Duke Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | - Hiren J. Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
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23
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Allel K, Peters A, Furuya-Kanamori L, Spencer-Sandino M, Pitchforth E, Yakob L, Munita JM, Undurraga EA. Impact of inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy on in-hospital mortality: a retrospective multicentre cohort study of patients with bloodstream infections in Chile, 2018-2022. BMJ PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 2:e001289. [PMID: 40018577 PMCID: PMC11816519 DOI: 10.1136/bmjph-2024-001289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2025]
Abstract
Introduction Empirical antibiotic therapy is essential for treating bloodstream infections (BSI), yet there is limited evidence from resource-limited settings. We quantified the association of inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (IEAT) with in-hospital mortality and the associated burden on BSI patients in Chile. Methods We used a retrospective multicentre cohort study of BSI cases in three Chilean tertiary hospitals (2018-2022) to assess the impact of IEAT on 30-day and overall in-hospital mortality and quantify excess disease and economic burdens associated with IEAT. We determined the appropriateness of pathogen-antimicrobial pairings based on in vitro susceptibilities and pathogen-corresponding antibiotic treatment, allowing a 48-hour window after the initial blood culture. We addressed confounding using propensity scores and inverse probability weights (IPW). We used IPW-weighted logistic competing-risk survival models, including time-varying independent variables after blood tests as controls. Results Among 1323 BSI episodes, 432 (33%) received IEAT, with an average time to adequate therapy of 4.6 days. Compared with adequate treatment, IEAT was associated with 30-day and overall mortality risks that were 1.31 and 1.24 times higher, respectively. These risks were further inflated between twofold and fourfold when antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) was included. Competing-risk models showed associations between IEAT and IEAT-ARB combinations with in-hospital mortality. Accounting for time-varying variables yielded similar results. The economic burden of IEAT resulted in an additional cost of ~US$9900 from premature mortality and 0.46 disability-adjusted life-years per patient with BSI. Conclusion Approximately one in three patients received IEAT, often associated with ARB. IEAT was linked to increased mortality risk and higher economic costs. Timely appropriate treatment, early pathogen detection and resistance profiling are likely to improve health and financial outcomes at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasim Allel
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Peters
- Genomics and Resistant Microbes (GeRM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Region Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Luis Furuya-Kanamori
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maria Spencer-Sandino
- Genomics and Resistant Microbes (GeRM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Region Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Emma Pitchforth
- Exeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, Department of Health and Community Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Laith Yakob
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jose M Munita
- Genomics and Resistant Microbes (GeRM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Region Metropolitana, Chile
- Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Eduardo A Undurraga
- Escuela de Gobierno, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres, Santiago, Region Metropolitana, Chile
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24
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Cantalejo-Díaz M, Ramia JM, Álvarez-Busto I, Kokas B, Blanco-Fernández G, Muñoz-Forner E, Oláh A, Montalvá-Orón E, López-López V, Rotellar F, Eker H, Rijken A, Prieto-Calvo M, Romano F, Melgar P, Machairas N, Demirli Atici S, Castro-Santiago MJ, Lesurtel M, Skalski M, Bayhan H, Domingo-Del-Pozo C, Hahn O, de Armas-Conde N, Bauzá-Collado M, Serradilla-Martín M. Long-term outcomes after breast cancer liver metastasis surgery: A European, retrospective, snapshot study (LIBREAST STUDY). Surg Oncol 2024; 57:102129. [PMID: 39243418 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2024.102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women. Between 20 % and 30 % of patients develop metastases from BC, 50 % of them in the liver. The mean survival rate reported in patients with liver metastases from BC (LMBC) ranges from 3 to 29 months. The role of surgery in LMBC is not clearly defined. The objective of the present study was to determine the long-term survival and disease-free survival of patients undergoing surgery for LMBC and to identify the patients who most likely benefit from surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective multicenter cohort study included all consecutive patients undergoing LMBC surgery at the participating European centers from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2015. The ClinicalTrials.gov ID is NCT04817813. RESULTS A hundred women (mean age 52.6 years) undergoing LMBC surgery were included. Five-year disease-free survival was 29 %, and 5-year overall survival was 60 %. Median survival after BC surgery was 12.4 years, and after LMBC surgery, 7 years. Patients with ECOG 1, ASA score I-II, metachronous LMBC, positive hormone receptors, and who had received neoadjuvant and adjuvant hormone treatment obtained the best overall and disease-free survival results. CONCLUSIONS In cases of correct patient selection and as part of a comprehensive onco-surgical strategy, surgery for LMBC improves overall long-term survival. In our series, certain factors were linked to better disease-free and overall survival; consideration of these factors could improve the selection of the best candidates for LMBC surgery. GOV ID NCT04817813.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M Ramia
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, ISABIAL, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Iñaki Álvarez-Busto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Balint Kokas
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Surgery, Aladar Petz Country Teaching Hospital, Gyor, Hungary
| | - Eva Montalvá-Orón
- Liver Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor López-López
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Rotellar
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hasan Eker
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arjen Rijken
- Department of Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Mikel Prieto-Calvo
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- University of Milan-Bicocca UNIMIB, Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Melgar
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Machairas
- Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Semra Demirli Atici
- Department of Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Tepecik, Turkey
| | | | - Mickaël Lesurtel
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University of Paris Cité, Clichy, France
| | - Michal Skalski
- Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hüseyin Bayhan
- Department of General Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carlos Domingo-Del-Pozo
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Oszkar Hahn
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noelia de Armas-Conde
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Mario Serradilla-Martín
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Mangan AR, Cotton KM, Gardner JR, Shay A, Farsi S, Ross NB, King D, Sunde J, Vural E, Moreno MA. Functional Status Predicts Delay to Radiation in Free Tissue Transfer for Head and Neck Cancer. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:4979-4984. [PMID: 38973546 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effect of functional status and patient factors on delays in treatment with adjuvant therapy. METHODS Retrospective chart review (2020-2022) was conducted at a single tertiary referral center. Data were collected between January 2020 and October 2022, and 63 patients underwent free flap reconstructive surgery of the head and neck due to the presence of cancer and received adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). The main outcomes measured were Area Deprivation Index (ADI), Beale scores, distance to radiation center, functional status, patient demographics, gender, and length from surgery to initiation of RT. RESULTS Of the 63 patients who were reviewed, the average age was 65.5 years old and 63.8% were male. The average ADI state score was 5.6 and the national percentile of 77.1. The average Beale score was 3.7. The average distance traveled was 101.1 miles. Thirty-five patients were living independently, 16 were living in assisted living or received home care, and 15 were dependent or lived in a nursing home. Mann-Whitney U analysis revealed a significant association of increasing levels of dependence to delays in treatment compared to on-time treatment (p = 0.002). The odds of treatment delay were increased almost 10-fold for every additional increase in dependency level (OR = 9.87, 95% CI = 1.42-68.83). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Degree of dependent functional status correlates with delays in postoperative adjuvant RT in patients undergoing free tissue transfer for head and neck cancer. Preoperative risk stratification allows for physicians to address barriers to adjuvant therapy prior to delay. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4979-4984, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Mangan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Kenzo M Cotton
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - James Reed Gardner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Aryan Shay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Soroush Farsi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Noah B Ross
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Deanne King
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Jumin Sunde
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Emre Vural
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
| | - Mauricio Alejandro Moreno
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A
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Gillitzer V, Rath A, Caplunik-Pratsch A, Däumling S, Schneider-Brachert W, Gaube S. Counselling sessions for patients in contact isolation due to multi-drug-resistant organisms improve informedness and reduce dissatisfaction. J Hosp Infect 2024; 154:53-59. [PMID: 39395463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is a critical health issue. Isolation measures imposed to prevent transmission may result in adverse psychological effects among affected patients. This emphasizes the need for better communication and information to improve their hospital experience and mental well-being as well as to prevent inadequate treatment. AIM The present study examined whether tailored counselling sessions during contact isolation could enhance patients' understanding of their situation concerning the significance of their MDRO status and enhance their well-being. METHODS A pre-post-intervention study was conducted in a German tertiary-care hospital in which N = 64 patients who were isolated due to MDROs received tailored counselling. The counselling included information about MDROs, the reason for hospital isolation measures, and appropriate behaviour during and after hospitalization. Participants completed questionnaires before and after the counselling sessions to assess its impact on their informedness, patient (dis)satisfaction and well-being measures. FINDINGS Prior to the counselling session, patient dissatisfaction was associated with anxiety and inadequate informedness about MDROs. After the counselling, patients reported a significantly improved comprehension of their MDROs-related situation and a notable decrease in dissatisfaction with their hospital situation, primarily attributed to the acquired information. CONCLUSIONS This is the first German study to show how improved information about MDROs impacts patient satisfaction in hospitals. The findings stress the crucial need for improving healthcare workers' interaction and communication with patients affected by MDROs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gillitzer
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Rath
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Caplunik-Pratsch
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Däumling
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Schneider-Brachert
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Gaube
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; UCL Global Business School for Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Shimizu MR, Buddhiraju A, Lin-Wei Chen T, Huang Z, Chen SF, Xiao P, RezazadehSaatlou M, Kwon YM. Socioeconomic area deprivation index is not associated with postoperative complications following revision total hip and knee joint arthroplasty. J Orthop 2024; 58:135-139. [PMID: 39100544 PMCID: PMC11295536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Revision hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA) carries a high burden of postoperative complications, including surgical site infections (SSI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), reoperation, and readmission, which negatively affect postoperative outcomes and patient satisfaction. Socioeconomic area-level composite indices such as the area deprivation index (ADI) are increasingly important measures of social determinants of health (SDoH). This study aims to determine the potential association between ADI and SSI, VTE, reoperation, and readmission occurrence 90 days following revision TJA. Methods 1047 consecutive revision TJA patients were retrospectively reviewed. Complications, including SSI, VTE, reoperation, and readmission, were combined into one dependent variable. ADI rankings were extracted using residential zip codes and categorized into quartiles. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to analyze the association of ADI as an independent factor for complication following revision TJA. Results Depression (p = 0.034) and high ASA score (p < 0.001) were associated with higher odds of a combined complication postoperatively on univariate logistic regression. ADI was not associated with the occurrence of any of the complications recorded following surgery (p = 0.092). ASA remained an independent risk factor for developing postoperative complications on multivariate analysis. Conclusion An ASA score of 3 or higher was significantly associated with higher odds of developing postoperative complications. Our findings suggest that ADI alone may not be a sufficient tool for predicting postoperative outcomes following revision TJA, and other area-level indices should be further investigated as potential markers of social determinants of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Riyo Shimizu
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anirudh Buddhiraju
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tony Lin-Wei Chen
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shane Fei Chen
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Pengwei Xiao
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - MohammadAmin RezazadehSaatlou
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Young-Min Kwon
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Bakalář B, Švecová M, Duška F, Grünerová-Lippertová M, Urban T, Waldauf P, Zajíček R. Illusory movements for immobile patients with extensive burns (IMMOBILE): A randomized, controlled, cross-over trial. Burns 2024; 50:107264. [PMID: 39327102 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients who have sustained extensive burns frequently exhibit substantial damage to skeletal muscle and associated complications. The rehabilitation of these patients can be challenging due to the nature of the injury and the subsequent complications. Nevertheless, there is a possibility that functional proprioceptive stimulation (illusory movements) may facilitate effective rehabilitation in patients with limited physiotherapy options. Nevertheless, this approach has yet to be tested in patients with burn injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY A prospective, randomised, crossover trial was conducted at a burn centre in a tertiary teaching hospital. The objective was to assess the effects of illusory movements on energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle biology in adult critically ill patients with deep burns covering 30 % or more of the total body surface area. Two 30-minute daily sessions of functional proprioceptive stimulation were administered in addition to the standard physical therapy or physical activity regimen. Subsequently, the patients proceeded to the next stage of the trial, which involved a two-week crossover period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Daily indirect calorimetry and calculation of nitrogen balance. Skeletal muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis for high resolution respirometry and euglycemic clamps to assess whole body glucose disposal were performed three times: at baseline and then fortnightly after each intervention period. The intervention was feasible and well tolerated in both early and late stages of burn disease. It did not change energy expenditure (mean change -33 [95 % CI: -292;+227] kcal .24 h-1, p = 0.79), nitrogen balance (+2.0 [95 % CI: -3.1;+7.1] g N .1.73 m-2 BSA .24 h-1), or insulin sensitivity (mean change of insulin-mediated glucose disposal -0.33 [95 % CI: -1.18;+0.53] mmol.h-1). At the cellular level, the intervention increased the capacity of mitochondria to synthesize ATP by aerobic phosphorylation and tended to increase mitochondrial coupling. Functional capacities of fatty acid oxidation and electron transfer chain complexes I, II, and IV were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Compared to physical therapy alone, two daily sessions of functional proprioceptive stimulation in addition to usual physical therapy in patients with extensive burns did not change energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, nitrogen balance, or energy substrate oxidation. At cellular level, the intervention improved the capacity of aerobic phosphorylation in skeletal muscle mitochondria. Clinical effects remain to be demonstrated in adequately powered trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohumil Bakalář
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Prague Burn Centre, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Švecová
- Prague Burn Centre, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Duška
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Oxylab: Mitochondrial Functional Laboratory, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Grünerová-Lippertová
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Urban
- Prague Burn Centre, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Oxylab: Mitochondrial Functional Laboratory, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Waldauf
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Zajíček
- Prague Burn Centre, The Third Medical Faculty, Charles University and FNKV University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
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Jung M, Lee BJ, Lee S, Shin J. Low-Intensity Statin Plus Ezetimibe Versus Moderate-Intensity Statin for Primary Prevention: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Asian Population. Ann Pharmacother 2024; 58:1193-1203. [PMID: 38506414 DOI: 10.1177/10600280241237781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While moderate-intensity statin therapy is recommended for primary prevention, statins may not be utilized at a recommended intensity due to dose-dependent adverse events, especially in an Asian population. However, evidence supporting the use of low-intensity statins in primary prevention is limited. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare clinical outcomes between a low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe and a moderate-intensity statin for primary prevention. METHODS This population-based retrospective cohort study used the Korean nationwide claims database (2002-2019). We included adults without atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases who received moderate-intensity statins or low-intensity statins plus ezetimibe. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. The safety outcomes were liver and muscle injuries and new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM). We used standardized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS In the sIPTW model, 1717 and 36 683 patients used a low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe and a moderate-intensity statin, respectively. In the PSM model, each group included 1687 patients. Compared with moderate-intensity statin use, low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe use showed similar risks of the primary outcome (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.81-1.12 in sIPTW and HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.87-1.56 in PSM model). Low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe use was associated with decreased risks of liver and muscle injuries (subHR [sHR] = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74-0.96 and sHR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.77-0.97 in sIPTW; sHR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72, 0.96 and sHR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.72-0.94 in PSM model, respectively). For new-onset DM and hospitalization of liver and muscle injuries, no difference was observed. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe may be an alternative to moderate-intensity statin for primary prevention. Our findings provide evidence on safety and efficacy of statin therapy in Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Jung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Beom-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhyang Lee
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyu Shin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Shangani S, Winter MR, Shea M, Kim TW, So-Armah K, Magane KM, Bellamy SL, Saitz R, Stein MD. Social Vulnerability and Mental Health Among People with HIV and Substance Use: The Role of Race. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:4094-4105. [PMID: 39327395 PMCID: PMC11863660 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Poor mental health significantly impacts people with HIV (PWH) and those who drink alcohol. Limited data exist on the combined effects of social determinants of health (social vulnerability) on mental health in PWH with unhealthy substance use. We investigated the relationship between social vulnerability and poor mental health in PWH and whether this relationship differed by race/ethnicity. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Boston ARCH Cohort among PWH with current or past unhealthy substance use. We created a 23-item social vulnerability index (SVI) using a deficit accumulation approach comprised of social determinants of health indicators. We estimated whether higher SVI score is associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms using logistic regression analysis. Among 251 participants with a mean age of 52 (SD = 10) years, 67.3% were male, 52% Black, 21% Hispanic, 19% White, and 73% unemployed. The SVI had a mean of 9.30 (SD = 3.4) with a 1.5-18 range. Nearly two in five persons reported past month heavy alcohol use and 35% illicit drug use. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was 34.4% and 54.2% respectively. Higher SVI score was associated with anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46, 2.76, p ≤ 0.001), and depressive symptoms (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.74, 3.36, p ≤ 0.001). Race/ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between SVI and each mental health outcome. SVI was significantly associated with poor mental health across racial/ethnicity groups in this cohort. Interventions that address social vulnerability may improve well-being and quality of life for PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Shangani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael R Winter
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Shea
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa W Kim
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaku So-Armah
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kara M Magane
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scarlett L Bellamy
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Saitz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael D Stein
- Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Drazich BF, Gurlu M, Kuzmik A, Galik E, Wells CL, Boltz M, Resnick B. The association of physical resilience and post-discharge adverse events among older adults with dementia. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39508100 PMCID: PMC12056604 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2423889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-discharge adverse events, such as falls, hospitalizations, and death, are more prevalent among older adults with dementia, compared to their cognitively intact counterparts. This study aimed to test the association between physical resilience and post discharge adverse events in a sample of older adults with dementia. METHOD Through phone calls with caregivers over one year, we obtained data on physical resilience and post-discharge adverse events through caregiver report among a sample of 314 recently discharged older adults with dementia. We performed negative binomial regression (falls and hospitalizations) and logistic regression (death), controlling for covariates. RESULTS Greater physical resilience at one month post discharge was significantly associated with less falls, hospitalizations, and death within one year. CONCLUSION This study highlights a particular patient profile, recently discharged older adults living with dementia who have low physical resilience, that could be targeted for intervention when discharged from the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Merve Gurlu
- School of Nursing, University of Maryland Baltimore
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Bui JH, Ngian VJJ, Tran F, Scott K, Ngai KC, Ong BS. Allied health and the frail patient in hospital - a prospective cohort study. AUST HEALTH REV 2024; 49:AH24280. [PMID: 39581601 DOI: 10.1071/ah24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Frailty is associated with significant mortality and morbidity in hospitalised patients. We describe physiotherapy and occupational therapy practices in hospitalised frail patients and examine the role of early intervention. Methods We performed a prospective, observational cohort study in a medical assessment unit in a tertiary care hospital. Patients with COVID-19 infection were excluded. Frailty was measured by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Early allied health intervention was defined as involvement within 48h of admission. Demographic data, clinical diagnoses, time spent with physiotherapy and occupational therapy, CFS, hospital length of stay and outcomes were recorded and analysed. Results A total of 356 patients were categorised into non-frail (CFS score <5) and frail (CFS score ≥5) groups. The prevalence of frailty was 68% (n =241). Physiotherapy (77.2%) and occupational therapy (75.5%) reviews were more frequent in frail patients than in non-frail patients. Frail patients who had allied health involvement within 48h of admission had a significant reduction in their hospital length of stay (mean reduction of 7.3days, 95% CI: 0.53, 14, P =0.035) and a 2.44% reduction in the relative risk of developing pressure injuries (95% CI: 1.31, 4.53). There was no statistically significant differences in outcomes with allied health intervention for non-frail patients and patients who require residential aged care facility level care. Conclusions Allied health have a key role in the management of frailty. Early allied health intervention was associated with a reduced hospital length of stay as well as a reduced incidence of pressure injury in frail patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Huylam Bui
- South Western Sydney Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent J J Ngian
- South Western Sydney Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Medical Assessment Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Aged Care and Rehabilitation, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Tran
- South Western Sydney Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Medical Assessment Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Aged Care and Rehabilitation, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirralee Scott
- Department of Medical Assessment Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Physiotherapy, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ka Chi Ngai
- Department of Medical Assessment Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Occupational Therapy, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bin S Ong
- South Western Sydney Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Medical Assessment Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Aged Care and Rehabilitation, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Department of Ambulatory Care, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Eldridge Road, Bankstown, NSW 2200, Australia
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Jung M, Li S, Deng Z, Li J, Li M, Basran S, Langston ME, Chung BI. Calcium Channel Blocker Versus Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitor in Risk of Kidney Cancer Among Patients With Hypertension: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70429. [PMID: 39548764 PMCID: PMC11568363 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of antihypertensive medications could be associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer. Despite their various mechanisms of action, whether this association differs between different classes of medications remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to compare the risk of kidney cancer between first-line treatment options of antihypertensive medications in a hypertensive population. METHOD In this retrospective cohort study, we used the MarketScan Databases (2007-2021). We included individuals older than 30 years of age with a diagnosis of hypertension who received first-line medications for hypertension, which included three classes: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dCCB). We applied a propensity score matching method and created three separate cohorts: (1) ARB versus ACEI, (2) dCCB versus ACEI, and (3) dCCB versus ACEI. For non-dCCB, we repeated the analyses. The primary outcome was kidney cancer incidence. To assess kidney cancer risk, we applied multivariable conditional Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS In the first cohort, ARB use was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI use (hazard ratio [HR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.18). In the second cohort, dCCB use was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI use (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18-1.40). In the third cohort, dCCB use was associated with a higher risk of kidney cancer compared to ARB use (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.28). Null association was shown when comparing non-dCCB with ACEI or ARB use. CONCLUSION Use of dCCB showed a higher risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI or ARB use in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Jung
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Department of DermatologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zhengyi Deng
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mingyi Li
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Satvir Basran
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marvin E. Langston
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Benjamin I. Chung
- Department of UrologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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Dong Y, Ritto AP, Damiano RF, Coli AG, Hadade R, Rocca CCDA, Serafim ADP, Guedes BF, Nitrini R, Imamura M, Forlenza OV, Busatto Filho G. Memory complaints after COVID-19: a potential indicator of primary cognitive impairment or a correlate of psychiatric symptoms? Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:455. [PMID: 39461945 PMCID: PMC11513141 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03154-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment and symptoms of psychiatric disorders have been reported frequently as features of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to investigate subjective memory complaints in COVID-19 survivors and determine if these are more strongly associated with objective cognitive impairment related to sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection or with symptoms of psychiatric conditions. A total of 608 COVID-19 survivors were evaluated in-person 6-11 months after hospitalization, with 377 patients assigned to a "no subjective memory complaint (SMC)" group and 231 patients assigned to an SMC group based on their Memory Complaint Scale scores. Follow-up evaluations included an objective cognitive battery and scale-based assessments of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. We found the perception of memory impairment in COVID-19 survivors to be more strongly associated to core symptoms of psychiatric conditions rather than to primary objective cognitive impairment. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences between the "no SMC" and SMC groups, both for the psychiatric symptom evaluations and for the cognitive evaluations (p < 0.05); however, the psychiatric symptoms all had large partial eta-squared values (ranging from 0.181 to 0.213), whereas the cognitive variables had small/medium partial eta-squared values (ranging from 0.002 to 0.024). Additionally, multiple regression analysis indicated that only female sex and depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms were predictors of subjective memory complaints. These findings may help guide clinical evaluations for COVID-19 survivors presenting with memory complaints while also serving to expand our growing understanding of the relationship between COVID-19, subjective memory complaints, and the risk of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Dong
- The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ana Paula Ritto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Furlan Damiano
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Goulart Coli
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Hadade
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Castanho de Almeida Rocca
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio de Pádua Serafim
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Fukelmann Guedes
- Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Imamura
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Bioética, Medicina do Trabalho e Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes Vicente Forlenza
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Busatto Filho
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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35
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Hellman U, Rosendal E, Lehrstrand J, Henriksson J, Björsell T, Wennemo A, Hahn M, Österberg B, Dorofte L, Nilsson E, Forsell MNE, Smed-Sörensen A, Lange A, Karlsson MG, Ahlm C, Blomberg A, Cajander S, Ahlgren U, Lind A, Normark J, Överby AK, Lenman A. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces hyaluronan production in vitro and hyaluronan levels in COVID-19 patients relate to morbidity and long-term lung impairment: a prospective cohort study. mBio 2024; 15:e0130324. [PMID: 39302125 PMCID: PMC11492986 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01303-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the lungs of deceased COVID-19 patients were filled with a clear hydrogel consisting of hyaluronan (HA). In this translational study, we investigated the role of HA at all stages of COVID-19 disease to map the consequences of elevated HA on morbidity and identify the mechanism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced HA production. A reduced alveolar surface area was observed in the lungs of deceased COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls, as visualized by a 3D rendering of lung morphology using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. We confirmed the presence of HA in lung biopsies and found large quantities of proinflammatory fragmented HA. The association of systemic HA in blood plasma and disease severity was assessed in patients with mild (WHO Clinical Progression Scale, WHO-CPS, 1-5) and severe COVID-19 (WHO-CPS, 6-9) during the acute and convalescent phases and related to lung function. We found that systemic levels of HA were high during acute COVID-19 disease, remained elevated during convalescence, and were associated with a reduced diffusion capacity. In vitro 3D-lung models, differentiated from primary human bronchial epithelial cells, were used to study the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on HA metabolism, and transcriptomic analyses revealed a dysregulation of HA synthases and hyaluronidases, both contributing to increased HA in apical secretions. Furthermore, corticosteroid treatment reduced the inflammation and downregulated HA synthases. Our findings demonstrate that HA plays a role in COVID-19 morbidity and that sustained elevated HA concentrations may contribute to long-term respiratory impairment.IMPORTANCEThis study provides insights into the role of hyaluronan (HA) in the severity and long-term impact of COVID-19 on lung function. Through extensive morphological examination of lung tissues and a multicenter study, we identified that HA levels are significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients, correlating with a reduced lung diffusion capacity during convalescence. Using a 3D-lung model, we further uncovered how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a dysregulated HA metabolism, leading to increased HA production. Our findings provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and suggest that targeting HA metabolism could offer new therapeutic avenues for managing COVID-19, particularly to prevent long-term lung impairment. Additionally, HA holds potential as a biomarker for predicting disease severity, which could guide personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Hellman
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public
Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Ebba Rosendal
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- The Laboratory for
Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Joakim Lehrstrand
- Umeå Centre for
Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Johan Henriksson
- The Laboratory for
Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
- Department of
Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR),
Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- IceLab, Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Tove Björsell
- Centre for Clinical
Research and Education, Region
Värmland, Karlstad,
Sweden
| | - Alfred Wennemo
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
| | - Max Hahn
- Umeå Centre for
Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Björn Österberg
- Division of Immunology
and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet,
Karolinska University Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luiza Dorofte
- Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro
University, Örebro,
Sweden
| | - Emma Nilsson
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- The Laboratory for
Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | | | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology
and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet,
Karolinska University Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Lange
- Department of
Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro
University, Örebro,
Sweden
| | - Mats G. Karlsson
- Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro
University, Örebro,
Sweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public
Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Sara Cajander
- Department of
Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro
University, Örebro,
Sweden
| | - Ulf Ahlgren
- Umeå Centre for
Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Alicia Lind
- Department of
Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Johan Normark
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre
for Molecular Medicine, Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Anna K. Överby
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
- The Laboratory for
Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå
University, Umeå,
Sweden
| | - Annasara Lenman
- Department of Clinical
Microbiology, Umeå University,
Umeå, Sweden
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36
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Peng J, Xiang Y, Liu G, Ling S, Li F. The early prognostic value of the 1-4-day BCM/PA trend after admission in neurocritical patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21802. [PMID: 39294206 PMCID: PMC11410815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate early stage dynamic changes in relevant indicators in neurocritical patients to identify biomarkers that can predict a poor prognosis at an early stage (1-4 days after admission). This study retrospectively collected clinical data, inflammatory indicators, and nutritional indicators from 77 patients at the neurology intensive care unit. The 3-month modified Rankin scale score was used as the outcome indicator. A linear mixed model was used to analyze changes in inflammatory indicators and nutritional indicators in neurocritical patients over time from 1-4 days after admission. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors for a poor prognosis in neurocritical patients and to construct a predictive model. The predictive efficacy of the model was verified using leave-one-out cross-validation and decision curve analysis methods. The analysis results showed that 1-4 days after admission, the inflammatory indicators of white blood cell and absolute monocyte counts and the nutritional indicators of body cell mass(BCM), fat-free mass, body cell mass/phase angle (BCM/PA), intracellular water, extracellular water, and skeletal muscle index increased overall, while the nutritional indicators of albumin and visceral fat area decreased overall. The logistic multivariate regression model showed that the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.526, 95% CI [1.202, 5.308]), hemoglobin (Hb)(on admission)-Hb(min) (OR = 1.049, 95% CI [1.015, 1.083), BCM(on admission) (OR = 0.794, 95% CI [0.662, 0.952]), and the change in BCM/PA 1-4 days after admission (OR = 1.157, 95% CI [1.070, 1.252]) were independent risk factors for a poor prognosis in neurocritical patients. The predictive analysis showed that the predictive power of Model 1 with BCM/PA (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.95, 95% CI (0.90, 0.99)) was 93%, 65%, 141%, and 133% higher than that of Model 2 without BCM/PA, the CCI, the APACHE II score, and the NRS2002 score (all P < 0.05), respectively. The CCI, Hb(on admission)-Hb(min), BCM(on admission), and an increase in BCM/PA 1-4 days after admission were independently associated with a poor prognosis in neurocritical patients. Of these variables, BCM/PA may be a valid indicator for early stage prediction of a poor prognosis in neurocritical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Xiang
- Department of Operation Anaesthesia, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Ling
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Salimans L, Liberman K, Cools W, Njemini R, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Forti LN, De Dobbeleer L, Kooijman R, Beyer I, Bautmans I. Inflammation-Related Genes Are Differentially Expressed in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells after 3 Months of Resistance Training in Older Women. Cells 2024; 13:1416. [PMID: 39272988 PMCID: PMC11394400 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that three months of resistance exercise significantly alters 18 canonical pathways related to chronic inflammation in PBMCs of older adults. In this exploratory sub-study, the aim is to explore whether resistance exercise enhances the PBMCs stress response by mimicking an acute infection through in vitro LPS stimulation. Women (≥65 years) were randomly divided into intensive strength training (IST), strength endurance training (SET), or flexibility training (as control group, CON) groups. PBMCs were isolated and cultured with and without LPS for 24 h. Their RNA was analyzed via targeted RNA sequencing of 407 inflammation-related genes, with relevant fold-changes defined as ≤0.67 or ≥1.5 (3 months vs. baseline). A pathway analysis using ingenuity pathway analyses identified significant pathways among 407 genes with p < 0.05 and z-scores of ≤-2 or ≥2. Fourteen women were included in the analyses. A total of 151 genes with a significant fold-change were identified. In the CON group, a less-pronounced effect was observed. Strength training altered 23 pathways in the LPS-stimulated PBMCs, none of which overlapped between the IST and SET groups. A balanced exercise program that includes both IST and SET could beneficially adapt the immune responses in older adults by inducing alterations in the inflammatory stress response of PBMCs through different genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Salimans
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Keliane Liberman
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wilfried Cools
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rose Njemini
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- URBC, NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NARILIS), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Louis Nuvagah Forti
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liza De Dobbeleer
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ron Kooijman
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ingo Beyer
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Bautmans
- Frailty & Resilience in Ageing Research Unit (FRIA), Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Geriatric Physiotherapy Department, SOMT University of Physiotherapy, 3821 BN Amersfoort, The Netherlands
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Hay Levy M, Cohen N, Marom R, Goldshmidt H, Zeltser D, Mizrahi M, Simhon Y, Gamzu R, Arber N, Lev-Ari S, Capua T, Saiag E. Occult Serologically Confirmed Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus among the General Population in the Era of the Fourth Vaccination. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4953. [PMID: 39201097 PMCID: PMC11355389 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection can significantly increase the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological and clinical predictors of occult serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases among the general population during the fourth vaccination era in Israel. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among individuals aged ≥18 years who had not been tested for COVID-19 in the preceding 5 months. Occult serologically confirmed cases were based on the presence of anti-N IgG antibodies. Potential risk factors were examined. Multivariable regression analysis identified independent predictors of subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: This study included 504 participants. The prevalence of occult serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 was 12.5%. Chronic disease was found to be an independent predictor for the absence of occult disease (aOR) 0.4 [95% (CI): 0.18-0.87], p-value = 0.02). No significant differences were observed in age, sex, marital status, number of children, vaccination status, or exposure to COVID-19 infection between participants with and without SARS-CoV-2 sub-infection. Conclusions: We found a lower prevalence of occult serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, compared to previous reports, and a negative correlation between chronic disease and occult SARS-CoV-2. Continued research, surveillance, and intervention strategies are needed to optimize long-term health outcomes and provide valuable insights for public health policymakers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mori Hay Levy
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.H.L.); (S.L.-A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
| | - Neta Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Dana Dwek Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Rotem Marom
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Division of Clinical Laboratories, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - Hanoch Goldshmidt
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Division of Clinical Laboratories, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - David Zeltser
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - Michal Mizrahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - Yanay Simhon
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - Ronni Gamzu
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Management, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
| | - Nadir Arber
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Health Promotion Center and Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.H.L.); (S.L.-A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
| | - Tali Capua
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Dana Dwek Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Esther Saiag
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (N.C.); (R.M.); (H.G.); (D.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.S.); (R.G.); (N.A.); (E.S.)
- Department of Information Systems and Operation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423901, Israel
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39
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Eiberg MF, Rezahosseini O, Bukan KB, Charlotte Arp B, Le VB, Ahmad F, Howitz M, Lendorf M, Friborg J, Lindegaard B, Harboe ZB. Changes in vaccination uptake against pneumococcal disease, influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) before and after a Head and Neck cancer diagnosis. Vaccine 2024; 42:125972. [PMID: 38789370 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia is one of the main contributors to non-cancer mortality among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aimed to determine the vaccine uptake for pneumococcal polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines, quadrivalent influenza vaccines, and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines before and after an HNC diagnosis. Furthermore, the study investigated the timing of vaccination after a cancer diagnosis. MATERIALS & METHODS This register based multicentre study included Danish patients ≥ 18y diagnosed with HNC between 2018 and 2021. The vaccine uptake was assessed by calculating cumulative incidence (CI), while the timing of vaccination after an HNC diagnosis was explored by calculating incidence rates of vaccination the first and second half year after a cancer diagnosis. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of vaccine uptake for pneumococcal vaccines was estimated to be 8 % and 16 % one year before and after an HNC diagnosis, respectively. The CIs were 36 % and 38 % for quadrivalent influenza vaccines, respectively, whereas the CIs of vaccine uptake for mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were 60 % and 89 %. The IR of mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations the first half year after HNC diagnosis were 273 per 1000 person-months of follow-up (PMFU) and 111 per 1000 PMFU the second half year, respectively (IRR: 0.38, p < 0.001). Comparing the same periods, the IR of quadrivalent influenza vaccination was 28 per 1000 PMFU and 51 per 1000 PMFU (IRR: 1.95, 0 < 0.001). The IRs of pneumococcal vaccinations were 11 per 1000 PMFU and 14 per 1000 PMFU (IRR 1.28, p = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS Although our study shows a significant increase in pneumococcal and COVID-19 vaccine uptake after HNC diagnosis, a gap remains in vaccine uptake before diagnosis, underscoring the need for increased awareness of vaccination options and recommendations. Our findings could serve as a reference for future recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Frederik Eiberg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Omid Rezahosseini
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Katrine Brandt Bukan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Bodil Charlotte Arp
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vivian Bui Le
- Department of Acute Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Faiza Ahmad
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Michael Howitz
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Maria Lendorf
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Friborg
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Lindegaard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zitta Barrella Harboe
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, North Zealand, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jung M, Choo E, Li S, Deng Z, Li J, Li M, Basran S, Lee S, Langston ME, Chung BI. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease among kidney cancer survivors: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1420333. [PMID: 39070148 PMCID: PMC11272517 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1420333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. However, few evidence exists on the short- and long-term risk of CVD in kidney cancer (KCa) survivors. Methods In this nationwide, large population-based retrospective cohort study, we used the Korean national health insurance and medical checkup survey linkage database (2007-2021), drawn from the entire Korean population. We included adults diagnosed with KCa as the first primary cancer and matched them to an individual without KCa at a 1:5 ratio. The primary outcome was CVD incidence, including myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, peripheral arterial occlusion, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). We evaluated CVD risk at 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years following cancer diagnosis, using Fine-Gray competing risk models that accounted for death as a competing factor. Results A total of 149,232 participants were included (KCa survivors: N=20,093 and matched non-KCa individuals: N=129,139). After 6-month follow-up, KCa survivors showed an increased risk of CVD compared to the general population (subdistribution hazard ratio (HR) 2.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31-3.15). After 1 year, KCa survivors had a higher risk of CVD (HR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.56-2.00). After 5 years, this elevated CVD risk remained (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18), with VTE identified as the primary contributing disease (HR=3.05, 95% CI:2.59-3.59). Conclusion KCa survivors had an increased risk of CVD up to 5 years after cancer diagnosis compared to the general population. Our findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive healthcare management for both CVD and KCa throughout cancer survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Jung
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Eunjung Choo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Zhengyi Deng
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mingyi Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Satvir Basran
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sukhyang Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Marvin E. Langston
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin I. Chung
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
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Al Faysal J, Noor-E-Alam M, Young GJ, Lo-Ciganic WH, Goodin AJ, Huang JL, Wilson DL, Park TW, Hasan MM. An explainable machine learning framework for predicting the risk of buprenorphine treatment discontinuation for opioid use disorder among commercially insured individuals. Comput Biol Med 2024; 177:108493. [PMID: 38833799 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Buprenorphine is an effective evidence-based medication for opioid use disorder (OUD). Yet premature discontinuation undermines treatment effectiveness, increasing the risk of mortality and overdose. We developed and evaluated a machine learning (ML) framework for predicting buprenorphine care discontinuity within 12 months following treatment initiation. METHODS This retrospective study used United States (US) 2018-2021 MarketScan commercial claims data of insured individuals aged 18-64 who initiated buprenorphine between July 2018 and December 2020 with no buprenorphine prescriptions in the previous six months. We measured buprenorphine prescription discontinuation gaps of ≥30 days within 12 months of initiating treatment. We developed predictive models employing logistic regression, decision tree classifier, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, Adaboost, and random forest-extreme gradient boosting ensemble. We applied recursive feature elimination with cross-validation to reduce dimensionality and identify the most predictive features while maintaining model robustness. For model validation, we used several statistics to evaluate performance, such as C-statistics and precision-recall curves. We focused on two distinct treatment stages: at the time of treatment initiation and one and three months after treatment initiation. We employed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis that helped us explain the contributions of different features in predicting buprenorphine discontinuation. We stratified patients into risk subgroups based on their predicted likelihood of treatment discontinuation, dividing them into decile subgroups. Additionally, we used a calibration plot to analyze the reliability of the models. RESULTS A total of 30,373 patients initiated buprenorphine and 14.98% (4551) discontinued treatment. C-statistic varied between 0.56 and 0.76 for the first-stage models including patient-level demographic and clinical variables. Inclusion of proportion of days covered (PDC) measured after one month and three months following treatment initiation significantly increased the models' discriminative power (C-statistics: 0.60 to 0.82). Random forest (C-statistics: 0.76, 0.79 and 0.82 with baseline predictors, one-month PDC and three-months PDC, respectively) outperformed other ML models in discriminative performance in all stages (C-statistics: 0.56 to 0.77). Most influential risk factors of discontinuation included early stage medication adherence, age, and initial days of supply. CONCLUSION ML algorithms demonstrated a good discriminative power in identifying patients at higher risk of buprenorphine care discontinuity. The proposed framework may help healthcare providers optimize treatment strategies and deliver targeted interventions to improve buprenorphine care continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabed Al Faysal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Md Noor-E-Alam
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary J Young
- Center for Health Policy and Healthcare Research, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; D'Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei-Hsuan Lo-Ciganic
- Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Pharmaceutical Policy & Prescribing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Amie J Goodin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James L Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Debbie L Wilson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tae Woo Park
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Drug Evaluation and Safety, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Dias RPL, Duarte DB, Barbosa DDCBM, Campos RP. Acute kidney injury in nonagenarians: clinical characteristics and mortality. J Bras Nefrol 2024; 46:e20230088. [PMID: 38788055 PMCID: PMC11197940 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0088en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonagenarians constitute a rising percentage of inpatients, with acute kidney injury (AKI) being frequent in this population. Thus, it is important to analyze the clinical characteristics of this demographic and their impact on mortality. METHODS Retrospective study of nonagenarian patients with AKI at a tertiary hospital between 2013 and 2022. Only the latest hospital admission was considered, and patients with incomplete data were excluded. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to define risk factors for mortality. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 150 patients were included, with a median age of 93.0 years (91.2-95.0), and males accounting for 42.7% of the sample. Sepsis was the most common cause of AKI (53.3%), followed by dehydration/hypovolemia (17.7%), and heart failure (17.7%). ICU admission occurred in 39.3% of patients, mechanical ventilation in 14.7%, vasopressors use in 22.7% and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in 6.7%. Death occurred in 56.7% of patients. Dehydration/hypovolemia as an etiology of AKI was associated with a lower risk of mortality (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.04-0.77, p = 0.020). KDIGO stage 3 (OR 3.15; 95% CI 1.17-8.47, p = 0.023), ICU admission (OR 12.27; 95% CI 3.03-49.74, p < 0.001), and oliguria (OR 5.77; 95% CI 1.98-16.85, p = 0.001) were associated with mortality. CONCLUSION AKI nonagenarians had a high mortality rate, with AKI KDIGO stage 3, oliguria, and ICU admission being associated with death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniella Bezerra Duarte
- Centro Universitário Tiradentes, Faculdade de Medicina, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Maceió, Instituto de Nefrologia Ribamar Vaz, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Peixoto Campos
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Maceió, Instituto de Nefrologia Ribamar Vaz, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Jiang S, Loomba J, Zhou A, Sharma S, Sengupta S, Liu J, Brown D. A Bayesian Survival Analysis on Long COVID and non Long COVID patients: A Cohort Study Using National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Data. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.25.24309478. [PMID: 38978664 PMCID: PMC11230301 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.25.24309478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, numerous researches and studies have focused on the long-term effects of COVID infection. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) implemented an additional code into the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) for reporting 'Post COVID-19 condition, unspecified (U09.9)' effective on October 1st 2021, representing that Long COVID is a real illness with potential chronic conditions. The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) provides researchers with abundant electronic health records (EHR) data by aggregating and harmonizing EHR data across different clinical organizations in the United States, making it convenient to build up a survival analysis on Long COVID patients and non Long COVID patients among large amounts of COVID positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Jiang
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, 351 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, 22904, VA, United States
| | - Johanna Loomba
- integrated Translational Health Research Institute of Virginia (iTHRIV), University of Virginia, 560 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
| | - Andrea Zhou
- integrated Translational Health Research Institute of Virginia (iTHRIV), University of Virginia, 560 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
| | - Suchetha Sharma
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, 3 Elliewood Ave, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
| | - Saurav Sengupta
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, 3 Elliewood Ave, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
| | - Jiebei Liu
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, 351 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, 22904, VA, United States
| | - Donald Brown
- integrated Translational Health Research Institute of Virginia (iTHRIV), University of Virginia, 560 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, 3 Elliewood Ave, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, United States
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Granvik C, Andersson S, Andersson L, Brorsson C, Forsell M, Ahlm C, Normark J, Edin A. Olfactory dysfunction as an early predictor for post-COVID condition at 1-year follow-up. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3574. [PMID: 38841730 PMCID: PMC11154814 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory dysfunction together with neurological and cognitive symptoms are common after COVID-19. We aimed to study whether performance on olfactory and neuropsychological tests following infection predict post-COVID condition (PCC), persisting symptoms, and reduced health-related quality of life. METHODS Both hospitalized (N = 10) and non-hospitalized individuals (N = 56) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Participants were evaluated 1-3 months after infection with an olfactory threshold test and neuropsychological tests, which was used as predictors of PCC. A questionnaire outlining persisting symptoms and the validated instrument EuroQol five-dimension five-level for health-related quality of life assessment were used as outcome data 1 year after infection (N = 59). Principal component analysis was used to identify relevant predictors for PCC at 1 year. RESULTS Objectively assessed olfactory dysfunction at 1-3 months post infection, but not subjective olfactory symptoms, predicted post-COVID condition with reduced health-related quality of life (PCC+) at 1 year. The PCC+ group scored more often below the cut off for mild cognitive impairment on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (61.5% vs. 21.7%) and higher on the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20, compared to the group without PCC+. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that objectively assessed, olfactory dysfunction is a predictor for PCC+. These findings underscore the importance of objective olfactory testing. We propose that olfactory screening in the early post-acute phase of COVID-19 infection might identify individuals that are at higher risk of developing long-term health sequalae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Andersson
- Department of Integrative Medical BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | | | - Camilla Brorsson
- Department of Diagnostics and InterventionUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Mattias Forsell
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Johan Normark
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Alicia Edin
- Department of Diagnostics and InterventionUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
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Jun YK, Ji E, Yang HR, Choi Y, Shin CM, Park YS, Kim N, Lee DH, Yoon H. Differences in the risk of clinical failure between thiopurine and methotrexate in bio-naïve patients with Crohn's disease: a Korean nationwide population-based study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024; 17:17562848241248321. [PMID: 38741927 PMCID: PMC11089848 DOI: 10.1177/17562848241248321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although immunomodulators are widely prescribed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), it is unclear whether there is a difference in treatment outcomes between thiopurines and methotrexate (MTX). Objective To compare the risk of clinical failure between thiopurines and MTX in bio-naïve patients with CD. Design Nationwide, population-based study. Methods We used claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. After inverse probability of treatment weighting, logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to evaluate the risk of clinical failure in bio-naïve patients with CD treated with thiopurine (thiopurine group) or MTX (MTX group). Results Overall, 10,296 adult and pediatric patients with CD [9912 (96.3%) and 384 (3.7%) in the thiopurine and MTX groups, respectively] were included. The odds ratios (ORs) of failure to induce remission were significantly higher in the MTX group than in the thiopurine group [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.115; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.045-1.190; p = 0.001]. However, the opposite result was observed only in patients without concomitant steroid use: the MTX group had a lower risk of induction failure than the thiopurine group (aOR, 0.740; 95% CI, 0.673-0.813; p < 0.001). The risk of overall maintenance failure was higher in the MTX group than in the thiopurine group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.117; 95% CI, 1.047-1.191; p = 0.001]. The risk of overall maintenance failure was higher in the standard-dose MTX group than in the low-dose MTX group (aHR, 1.296; 95% CI, 1.134-1.480; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the risk of maintenance failure according to the administration route of MTX. Conclusion Thiopurine is more effective than MTX in inducing and maintaining remission in bio-naïve patients with CD; however, the concomitant use of steroids influences inducing remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kyung Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunjeong Ji
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Ran Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yonghoon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82, Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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De Rose L, Sorge J, Blackwell B, Benjamin M, Mohamed A, Roverts T, Szpunar S, Saravolatz LD. Determining if the prognostic nutritional index can predict outcomes in community acquired bacterial pneumonia. Respir Med 2024; 226:107626. [PMID: 38583813 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) uses albumin levels and total lymphocyte count to predict the relationship between immune-nutritional state and prognosis in a variety of diseases, however it has not been studied in community acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). We conducted a historical cohort study to determine if there was an association between PNI and clinical outcomes in patients with CABP. METHODS We reviewed 204 adult patients with confirmed CABP, and calculated admission PNI and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). A comparative analysis was performed to determine the association of these values, as well as other risk factors, with the primary outcomes of 30-day readmissions and death. RESULTS Of the 204 patients, 56.9% (116) were male, 48% (98) were black/African American and the mean age was 63.2 ± 16.1 years. The NLR was neither associated with death nor 30-day readmission. The mean PNI in those who survived was 34.7 ± 4.5, compared to 30.1 ± 6.5, in those who died, p < 0.001. From multivariable analysis after controlling for the Charlson score and age, every one-unit increase in the PNI decreased the risk of death by 13.6%. The PNI was not associated with readmissions. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that poor immune and nutritional states, as reflected by PNI, both contribute to mortality, with a significant negative correlation between PNI and death in CABP. PNI was predictive of mortality in this patient cohort; NLR was not. Monitoring of albumin and lymphocyte count in CABP can provide a means for prevention and early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa De Rose
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - John Sorge
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Brianna Blackwell
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mark Benjamin
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ayman Mohamed
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Theodoor Roverts
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Susan Szpunar
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Louis D Saravolatz
- Ascension-St John Hospital, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Lim A, Benjasirisan C, Liu X, Ogungbe O, Himmelfarb CD, Davidson P, Koirala B. Social determinants of health and emergency department visits among older adults with multimorbidity: insight from 2010 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1153. [PMID: 38658873 PMCID: PMC11044401 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is prevalent among older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes, including high emergency department (ED) utilization. Social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with many health outcomes, but the association between SDoH and ED visits among older adults with multimorbidity has received limited attention. This study aimed to examine the association between SDoH and ED visits among older adults with multimorbidity. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 28,917 adults aged 50 years and older from the 2010 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more self-reported diseases among 10 common chronic conditions, including diabetes, hypertension, asthma, stroke, cancer, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and heart, kidney, and liver diseases. The SDoH assessed included race/ethnicity, education level, poverty income ratio, marital status, employment status, insurance status, region of residence, and having a usual place for medical care. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between SDoH and one or more ED visits. RESULTS Participants' mean (± SD) age was 68.04 (± 10.66) years, and 56.82% were female. After adjusting for age, sex, and the number of chronic conditions in the logistic regression model, high school or less education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.19), poverty income ratio below the federal poverty level (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31-1.59), unmarried (AOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.11-1.28), unemployed status (AOR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.23-1.44), and having a usual place for medical care (AOR: 1.46, 95% CI 1.18-1.80) was significantly associated with having one or more ED visits. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had higher odds (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.19-1.38), while non-Hispanic Asian individuals had lower odds (AOR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.86) of one or more ED visits than non-Hispanic White individuals. CONCLUSION SDoH factors are associated with ED visits among older adults with multimorbidity. Systematic multidisciplinary team approaches are needed to address social disparities affecting not only multimorbidity prevalence but also health-seeking behaviors and emergent healthcare access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arum Lim
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Xiaoyue Liu
- University of New York Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Ave, NY, USA
| | - Oluwabunmi Ogungbe
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Patricia Davidson
- University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Binu Koirala
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chong EY, Tong Tan LY, Chong CS, Yeo W, Siang Koh DT, Jiang L, Guo CM, Cheong Soh RC. Radiological and Clinical Outcomes comparing 2-level MIS Lateral and MIS Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis. Global Spine J 2024; 14:986-997. [PMID: 36202133 PMCID: PMC11192119 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221132745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective Cohort Study. OBJECTIVES To compare early postoperative radiological and clinical outcomes between 2-level minimally invasive (MIS) trans-psoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and MIS transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS Fifty three consecutive patients undergoing 2-level lumbar interbody fusion from L3-L5 for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis were enrolled. Twenty four patients underwent LLIF and 29 underwent TLIF. RESULTS Operative time and length of stay were similar between LLIF and TLIF (272.8 ± 82.4 vs 256.1 ± 59.4 minutes; 5.5 ± 2.8 vs 4.7 ± 3.3 days, P > .05), whereas blood loss was lower for LLIF (229.0 ± 125.6 vs 302.4 ± 97.1mls, P = .026). Neurological deficits were more common in LLIF (9 vs 3, P = .025), whereas persistent deficits were rare for both (1 vs 1, P = 1). For both groups, all patient reported outcomes visual analogue scale (VAS back pain, VAS leg pain, ODI, SF-36 physical) improved from preoperative to 2-years postoperative (P < .05), with both groups showing no significant differences in extent of improvement for any outcome. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion demonstrated superior restoration of disc height (L3-L4: 4.1 ± 2.4 vs 1.2 ± 1.9 mm, P < .001; L4-L5: 4.6 ± 2.4 vs .8 ± 2.8 mm, P < .001), foraminal height (FH) (L3-L4: 3.5 ± 3.6 vs 1.0 ± 3.6 mm, P = .014; L4-L5: 3.0 ± 3.5 vs -.1 ± 4.4 mm, P = .0080), segmental lordosis (4.1 ± 6.4 vs -2.1 ± 8.1°, P = .005), lumbar lordosis (LL) (4.1 ± 7.0 vs -2.3 ± 12.6°, P = .026) and pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) mismatch (-4.1 ± 7.0 vs 2.3 ± 12.6°, P = .019) at 2-years follow-up. CONCLUSION The superior radiological outcomes demonstrated by 2-level trans-psoas LLIF did not translate into difference in clinical outcomes compared to 2-level TLIF at the 2-years follow-up, suggesting both approaches are reasonable for 2-level lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Yeung Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Lenice Yue Tong Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Christoph Sheng Chong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, National Technological University (NTU), Singapore
| | - William Yeo
- Orthopaedic Diagnostic Centre, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Singapore
| | - Don Thong Siang Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Singapore
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Singapore
| | - Chang Ming Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Singapore
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Egen L, Wessels F, Quan A, Westhoff N, Kriegmair MC, Honeck P, Michel MS, Kowalewski KF. Maximizing efficiency and ensuring safety: Exploring the outcomes of 2 consecutive open radical cystectomies by the same team within a single surgical day. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:118.e1-118.e7. [PMID: 38246807 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of performing 2 consecutive open radical cystectomies (RCs) within 1 day by the same surgical team. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients who underwent RC at a single tertiary care center from January 2015 to February 2023. Patient characteristics, perioperative outcomes and endpoints were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were created to predict major complications. RESULTS A total of 657 patients were included in the final cohort, containing 64 paired RCs (32 RC1 and 32 RC2) and 593 single RCs. Major complications occurred in 24.7% of the entire cohort, with no significant differences between single RC vs. RC1 and RC2. Paired RCs showed significantly shorter operative time (OT; p = 0.001) and length of stay (LOS; p = 0.047) compared to single RCs. There were no significant differences in transfusion rates, 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality, or histopathological results between paired and single RCs. Multivariable analysis identified patient characteristics such as age (OR = 1.67, p = 0.03), sex (OR = 0.45, p = 0.008), BMI (OR = 1.98, p = 0.007), ASA-score (OR = 1.61, p = 0.04), and OT (OR = 1.87, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of major complications. CONCLUSION Performing 2 consecutive open RCs within 1 day by the same surgical team is a safe approach in experienced hands. This strategy optimizes the utilization of surgical resources and addresses the growing demand for urologic care while maintaining high-quality patient care. Preoperative planning should consider patient-specific factors to minimize risks associated with major complications. MICRO ABSTRACT This study evaluates the outcomes of performing 2 consecutive open radical cystectomies (RC) in a single day by the same surgical team. Data from 657 patients who underwent RC at a single tertiary medical center proved that this approach is safe, with no significant differences in major complications. Preoperative planning should consider patient-specific factors for efficient utilization of surgical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Egen
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Intelligent Systems and Robotics in Urology (ISRU), Heidelberg, Germany; DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Frederik Wessels
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Allison Quan
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas Westhoff
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Honeck
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Intelligent Systems and Robotics in Urology (ISRU), Heidelberg, Germany; DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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50
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Kleinsmith RM, Doxey SA, Huyke FA, Cunningham BP. Outcomes of Name-brand Versus Generic Cephalomedullary Nail Fixation for Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Fractures: A Matched Cohort Study. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2024; 8:01979360-202403000-00008. [PMID: 38442079 PMCID: PMC10917135 DOI: 10.5435/jaaosglobal-d-23-00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to compare 90-day and 6-month outcomes and implant costs of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture fixation using cephalomedullary nails (CMNs) from a single name-brand company to fixation using generic CMNs. This was a retrospective matched cohort study. All CMN procedures for a single surgeon in a single US metropolitan institution from 2021 to 2022 were identified using current procedural terminology codes. Nearest neighbor 1:1 matching was conducted between the name-brand and generic cohorts controlling for (1) age, (2) American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and (3) Charlson Comorbidity Index. A total of 50 patients were successfully matched (25 namebrand versus 25 generic). The average implant cost per case for the name-brand group was $3,587 versus $1,615 for the generic group. Cost of disposables averaged $109 for the generic implant sets versus $916 for the name-brand (P < 0.001). Overall, a cost savings of 61% could be generated per case with the use of generic implants and disposables. Fixation of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures using generic CMNs produces similar outcomes compared with using name-brand CMNs for approximately half the implant cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah M. Kleinsmith
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, TRIA Orthopedic Center, Bloomington, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Methodist Hospital, St. Louis Park, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham)
| | - Stephen A. Doxey
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, TRIA Orthopedic Center, Bloomington, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Methodist Hospital, St. Louis Park, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham)
| | - Fernando A. Huyke
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, TRIA Orthopedic Center, Bloomington, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Methodist Hospital, St. Louis Park, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham)
| | - Brian P. Cunningham
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, TRIA Orthopedic Center, Bloomington, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Methodist Hospital, St. Louis Park, MN (Dr. Kleinsmith, Dr. Doxey, Dr. Huyke, and Dr. Cunningham)
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