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Ivanova T, Sbirkov Y, Kazakova M, Sarafian V. Lysosomes and LAMPs as Autophagy Drivers of Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2025; 14:574. [PMID: 40277899 PMCID: PMC12025563 DOI: 10.3390/cells14080574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2025] [Revised: 04/04/2025] [Accepted: 04/08/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most malignant pathologies worldwide. A major factor contributing to the poor prognosis of neoplastic diseases is the development of drug resistance. It significantly reduces the utility of most therapeutic protocols and necessitates the search for novel biomarkers and treatment strategies to combat cancer. An evolutionarily conserved catabolic mechanism, autophagy maintains nutrient recycling and metabolic adaptation and is also closely related to carcinogenesis, playing a dual role. Autophagy inhibition can limit the growth of tumors and improve the response to cancer therapeutics. Lysosomes, key players in autophagy, are also considered promising targets for anticancer treatment. There are still insufficient data on the role of poorly studied glycoproteins related to autophagy, such as the lysosome-associated membrane glycoproteins (LAMPs). They can act as multifunctional molecules involved in a multitude of processes like autophagy and cancer development. In the current review, we summarize the recent data on the double-faceted role of autophagy in cancer with a focus on drug resistance in CRC and on the roles of lysosomes and LAMPs in these interconnected processes. Several lysosomotropic drugs are discussed as options to overcome cancer cell chemoresistance. The complex networks that underline defined autophagic pathways in the context of CRC carcinogenesis and the role of autophagy, especially of LAMPs as drivers of drug resistance, are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsvetomira Ivanova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (Y.S.); (M.K.)
- Research Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yordan Sbirkov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (Y.S.); (M.K.)
- Research Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (Y.S.); (M.K.)
- Research Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (Y.S.); (M.K.)
- Research Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Wang L, Ma L, Song Z, Zhou L, Chen K, Wang X, Liu Z, Wang B, Shen C, Guo X, Jia X. Single-cell transcriptome analysis profiling lymphatic invasion-related TME in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8911. [PMID: 38632387 PMCID: PMC11024122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic invasion (LI) is extremely aggressive and induces worse prognosis among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, it is critical to characterize the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying LI in order to establish novel and efficacious therapeutic targets that enhance the prognosis of CRC patients. RNA-seq data, clinical and survival information of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients were obtained from the TCGA database. In addition, three scRNA-seq datasets of CRC patients were acquired from the GEO database. Data analyses were conducted with the R packages. We assessed the tumor microenvironment (TME) differences between LI+ and LI- based scRNA-seq data, LI+ cells exhibited augmented abundance of immunosuppression and invasive subset. Marked extracellular matrix network activation was also observed in LI+ cells within SPP1+ macrophages. We revealed that an immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic TME strongly enhanced LI, as was evidenced by the CD4+ Tregs, CD8+ GZMK+, SPP1+ macrophages, e-myCAFs, and w-myCAFs subcluster infiltrations. Furthermore, we identified potential LI targets that influenced tumor development, metastasis, and immunotherapeutic response. Finally, a novel LIRS model was established based on the expression of 14 LI-related signatures, and in the two testing cohorts, LIRS was also proved to have accurate prognostic predictive ability. In this report, we provided a valuable resource and extensive insights into the LI of CRC. Our conclusions can potentially benefit the establishment of highly efficacious therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic biomarkers that improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Liming Ma
- Harbin Inji Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin, 150060, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhaona Song
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Beijing Easyresearch Technology Limited, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Xizi Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Harbin Inji Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin, 150060, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baozhong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Data and Information, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianchao Guo
- Harbin Inji Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin, 150060, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China.
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Lv J, Li W, Wang X, Guo L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Yu J, Chen T, Niu B, Wang X, Liu Z. Identification of MKI67, TPR , and TCHH Mutations as Prognostic Biomarkers for Patients With Defective Mismatch Repair Colon Cancer Stage II/III. Dis Colon Rectum 2023; 66:1481-1491. [PMID: 37643197 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stage II/III disease is the most predominant form of colorectal cancer, accounting for approximately 70% of cases. Furthermore, approximately 15% to 20% of patients with stage II/III disease have deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer. However, there are no identified significant prognostic biomarkers for this disease. OBJECTIVE To identify prognostic markers for patients with deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high colon cancer stage II/III. DESIGN Retrospective study design. SETTING The study was conducted at a high-volume colorectal center, the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. PATIENTS Patients diagnosed with stage II/III deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high colon cancer who underwent curative surgery at the Cancer Hospital at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between July 2015 and November 2018 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the influence of differentially mutated genes on progression-free survival. RESULTS The retrospective deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high cohort involved 32 patients and The Cancer Genome Atlas-microsatellite instability-high cohort involved 45 patients. Patients with deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high colon cancer had higher mutational frequencies of MKI67 , TPR , and TCHH than patients with microsatellite stable colon cancer. MKI67 , TPR , TCHH , and gene combination were significantly correlated with prognosis. The biomarker mutation-type colon cancer group had a higher risk of recurrence or death than did the wild-type group. Moreover, biomarker mutation-type tumors had more mutations in the DNA damage repair pathway and tumor mutational burden than did biomarker wild-type tumors. LIMITATIONS This study was limited by its retrospective nature. CONCLUSIONS MKI67 , TPR , and TCHH may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high colon cancer stage II/III. IDENTIFICACIN DE MUTACIONES MKI, TPR Y TCHH COMO BIOMARCADORES PRONSTICOS PARA PACIENTES CON CNCER DE COLON EN ETAPA II/III CON DEFICIENCIA EN LA REPARACION DE ERRORES DE EMPAREJAMIENTO ANTECEDENTES:La enfermedad en estadio II/III es la forma más predominante de cáncer colorrectal y representa aproximadamente el 70% de los casos. Además, aproximadamente entre el 15% y el 20% de los pacientes con enfermedad en estadio II/III tienen reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento o inestabilidad de microsatélital alta. Sin embargo, no se han identificado biomarcadores pronósticos significativos para esta enfermedad.OBJETIVO:Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar marcadores pronósticos para pacientes con cáncer de colon con reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento/inestabilidad microsatelital alta en estadio II/III.DISEÑO:Diseño de estudio retrospectivo.ESCENARIO:El estudio se realizó en un centro colorrectal de alto volumen, el Hospital del Cáncer de la Academia China de Ciencias Médicas.PACIENTES:Pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de colon en estadio II/III con reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento o inestabilidad de microsatélital alta que se sometieron a cirugía curativa en el Hospital del Cáncer de la Academia China de Ciencias Médicas entre julio de 2015 y noviembre de 2018.MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO PRINCIPALES:La medida de resultado primaria fue la influencia de los genes con mutaciones diferenciales en la supervivencia libre de progresión.RESULTADOS:La cohorte retrospectiva de reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento o inestabilidad de microsatélital alta y la cohorte de inestabilidad microsatelital alta del Atlas del Genoma del Cáncer involucraron a 32 y 45 pacientes, respectivamente. Los pacientes con de reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento/inestabilidad microsatélital alta tuvieron frecuencias mutacionales más altas de MKI67 , TPR y TCHH que los pacientes estables de microsatélites. MKI67 , TPR , TCHH , y la combinación de genes se correlacionaron significativamente con el pronóstico. El grupo de cáncer de colon de tipo mutación de biomarcador tenía un mayor riesgo de recurrencia o muerte que el grupo de mutación salvaje. Además, los tumores de tipo mutación de biomarcadores tenían más mutaciones en la vía de reparación del daño del ADN y la carga mutacional del tumor que los tumores de tipo salvaje de biomarcadores.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio estuvo limitado por su naturaleza retrospectiva.CONCLUSIONES:MKI67 , TPR , y TCHH pueden servir como posibles biomarcadores de diagnóstico y pronóstico para cáncer de colon en estadio II/III con reparación deficiente de errores de emparejamiento/inestabilidad microsatélital alta. (Traducción-Dr. Jorge Silva Velazco ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintong Wang
- ChosenMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- ChosenMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- ChosenMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tianli Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Beifang Niu
- ChosenMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xishan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Yang YJ, Xu XQ, Zhang YC, Hu PC, Yang WX. Establishment of a prognostic model related to tregs and natural killer cells infiltration in bladder cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3444-3456. [PMID: 37383920 PMCID: PMC10294199 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and natural killer (NK) cells play an essential role in the development of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC).
AIM To construct a prognosis-related model to judge the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer, meanwhile, predict the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
METHODS Bladder cancer information data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE32894. The CIBERSORT was used to calculate the immune score of each sample. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to find genes that will have the same or similar expression patterns. Subsequently, multivariate cox regression and lasso regression was used to further screen prognosis-related genes. The prrophetic package was used to predict phenotype from gene expression data, drug sensitivity of external cell line and predict clinical data.
RESULTS The stage and risk scores are independent prognostic factors in patients with BUC. Mutations in FGFR3 lead to an increase in Tregs percolation and affect the prognosis of the tumor, and additionally, EMP1, TCHH and CNTNAP3B in the model are mainly positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints, while CMTM8, SORT1 and IQSEC1 are negatively correlated with immune checkpoints and the high-risk group had higher sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.
CONCLUSION Prognosis-related models of bladder tumor patients, based on Treg and NK cell percolation in tumor tissue. In addition to judging the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer, it can also predict the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. At the same time, patients were divided into high and low risk groups based on this model, and differences in genetic mutations were found between the high and low risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Yang
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Xu
- The Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zhang
- The Graduate School, Qinghai University, Xi'ning 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Wu-Xia Yang
- The Graduate School/Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University/Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
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5
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Deng Y, Bi M, Delerue F, Forrest SL, Chan G, van der Hoven J, van Hummel A, Feiten AF, Lee S, Martinez-Valbuena I, Karl T, Kovacs GG, Morahan G, Ke YD, Ittner LM. Loss of LAMP5 interneurons drives neuronal network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:637-650. [PMID: 35780436 PMCID: PMC9467963 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), where amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau deposits in the brain, hyperexcitation of neuronal networks is an underlying disease mechanism, but its cause remains unclear. Here, we used the Collaborative Cross (CC) forward genetics mouse platform to identify modifier genes of neuronal hyperexcitation. We found LAMP5 as a novel regulator of hyperexcitation in mice, critical for the survival of distinct interneuron populations. Interestingly, synaptic LAMP5 was lost in AD brains and LAMP5 interneurons degenerated in different AD mouse models. Genetic reduction of LAMP5 augmented functional deficits and neuronal network hypersynchronicity in both Aβ- and tau-driven AD mouse models. To this end, our work defines the first specific function of LAMP5 interneurons in neuronal network hyperexcitation in AD and dementia with tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Deng
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Mian Bi
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fabien Delerue
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Shelley L Forrest
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Gabriella Chan
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Julia van der Hoven
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Annika van Hummel
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Astrid F Feiten
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Seojin Lee
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Ivan Martinez-Valbuena
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Tim Karl
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program and Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yazi D Ke
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Pyroptosis is related to immune infiltration and predictive for survival of colon adenocarcinoma patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9233. [PMID: 35655081 PMCID: PMC9163148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death, initiated by inflammasome. Pyroptosis inhibits the development and metastasis of colon cancer and is associated with patients’ prognosis. However, how the pyroptosis-related genes predict the survival of patients is still unclear. In the study, colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients were divided into two groups according to the expression of pyroptosis-related regulators through consensus clustering. DEGs between two clusters were analyzed by using COX and Lasso regression. Then, regression coefficients in Lasso were used to calculate the risk score for every patient. Patients were classified into two types: low- and high-risk group according to their risk score. The difference of immune microenvironment infiltration and clinicopathological characteristics between subgroups was performed. Moreover, the nomogram model was built on the bases of risk model and clinicopathological factors. The TCGA-COAD cohort and GEO cohort were used as training and validating set respectively. 398 COAD patients in TCGA training set were identified as two regulation patterns via unsupervised clustering method. Patients in cluster 2 showed better prognosis (P = 0.002). Through differentiated expression analysis, COX and Lasso regression, a 5-gene prognostic risk model was constructed. This risk model was significantly associated with OS (HR: 2.088, 95% CI: 1.183–3.688, P = 0.011), validated in GEO set (HR:1.344, 95%CI: 1.061–1.704, P = 0.014), and patients with low risk had better prognosis (P < 0.001 in TCGA; P = 0.038 in GEO). Through ROC analysis, it can be found that this model presented better predictive accuracy for long-term survival. Clinical analyses demonstrated that high-risk group had more advanced N stage, higher risk of metastasis and later pathological stage. Immune-related analysis illustrated that low-risk group had more immune cell infiltration and more activated immune pathways. The pyroptosis-related risk model can be predictive for the survival of COAD patients. That patients with higher risk had poorer prognosis was associated with more advanced tumor stage and higher risk of metastasis, and resulted from highly activated pro-tumor pathways and inhibited immune system and poorer integrity of intestinal epithelial. This study proved the relationship between pyroptosis and immune, which offered basis for future studies.
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He R, Zhang M, He L, Huang J, Man C, Wang X, Lang Y, Fan Y. Integrated Analysis of Necroptosis-Related Genes for Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity in Colon Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:845271. [PMID: 35479956 PMCID: PMC9036446 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.845271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Necroptosis, is intimately linked to tumor development and prognosis and has been considered as a target for anticancer therapy. However, the role of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in colon cancer is unclear. Methods In the present study, we screened 76 NRGs from previous studies and described the landscape of transcriptomic and genetic variation of NRGs in colon cancer (CC) patient samples. Molecular subtypes of necroptosis in colon cancer were identified by clustering analysis, and these molecular subtypes were linked to patient prognosis and TME cell infiltration characteristics. Then, the NRS-score for predicting overall survival (OS) was built based on the TCGA database and validated in the GSE39582 cohort for its predictive power in CC patients. Besides, the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were applied to explore the relationship between NRS-score and tumor immune microenvironment. Results We identified two molecular subtypes associated with necroptosis in CC, which have diverse prognosis and immune microenvironment characteristics. Based on the differentially expressed genes between the two molecular subtypes, we further developed a necroptosis risk score signature, referred to as NRS-score. High NRS-score was associated with poor prognosis in CC through immunosuppressive microenvironment and immune escape mechanisms. The nomogram based on NRS-score showed excellent ability to predict prognosis. In addition, NRS-score presented a positive correlation with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) expression and was closely correlated with multiple anticancer agent susceptibility. Conclusion This work revealed a close relationship between necroptosis and the prognosis and immune microenvironment of colon cancer. The NRS-score based on the 8-gene signature may be used to predict the sensitivity of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in colon cancer patients, and provides a foundation for future studies targeting necroptosis and its immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong He
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Lian He
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiabin Huang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Changfeng Man
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Yakun Lang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Yakun Lang
| | - Yu Fan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Fan
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Cao H, Quan S, Zhang L, Chen Y, Jiao G. BMPR2 expression level is correlated with low immune infiltration and predicts metastasis and poor survival in osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:391. [PMID: 33777214 PMCID: PMC7988701 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in adolescents and young adults, and identifying biomarkers for prognosis and therapy is necessary. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) is involved in various cellular functions, including cell adhesion, proliferation and invasion, inflammation, apoptosis and metastatic spread. However, the correlation between BMPR2 expression levels and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in osteosarcoma is not well understood. In the present study, the expression level of BMPR2 was investigated using the Oncomine and R2 databases. The association between the expression level of BMPR2 and the clinical prognosis of patients with cancer was analyzed using the R2 database. The relationship between the expression level of BMPR2 and immune cell infiltration in the stroma of osteosarcoma was assessed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and CIBERSORT. The correlations between BMPR2 expression level and infiltrated immune cell gene marker sets in osteosarcoma were validated in the TIMER and R2 databases. Analysis of a cohort of patients with osteosarcoma revealed that BMPR2 expression was significantly higher in osteosarcoma compared with in normal tissue and was correlated with poor prognosis. M0 macrophages, M2 macrophages, resting mast, γ δ T and CD8+ T cells were the top five immune cells with the highest degrees of infiltration in osteosarcoma. In addition, BMPR2 expression level showed a significant negative correlation with the gene markers of CD8+ T cells, monocytes and M2 macrophages. Low levels of infiltrating CD8+ T cells, monocytes or M2 macrophages in osteosarcoma was significantly associated with poor survival. These data suggested that CD8+ T cells, monocytes and M2 macrophages play significant roles in the establishment of the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma. High BMPR2 expression was associated with poor prognosis and low infiltration of CD8+ T cells, monocytes and M2 macrophages in osteosarcoma. Hence, BMPR2 can be considered a biomarker of the immune infiltration, metastasis and prognosis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Quan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Spine and Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Spine and Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guangjun Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Spine and Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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