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Xu H, Chen W, Sun J. Association between urinary exposures and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers: results from NHANES 2007-2016. Front Public Health 2025; 13:1548401. [PMID: 40255370 PMCID: PMC12006094 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1548401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to shed light on the connection of urinary exposures with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among smokers, thereby providing scientific evidence for the prevention and intervention of COPD. Methods Data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 were utilized, including 3,973 smokers aged 20 or older. We employed the weighted multivariate logistic and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to delve into the link of urinary concentrations of exposures to COPD risk. Additionally, restricted cubic spline regression was utilized to examine the dose-response relationship between biomarker concentrations and COPD risk. The stability of the associations across different participant characteristics was evaluated through subgroup and mediation analyses. Results Our study encompassed a total of 3,973 participants, of whom 472 were diagnosed with COPD. Regression analyses revealed the inverse association between urinary concentrations of benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and propyl paraben (PrP) and COPD risk. Higher quartiles of BP-3 and PrP exhibited lower COPD incidence [BP-3: odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) (0.47, 0.89), p = 0.007; PrP: OR = 0.56, 95%CI (0.36, 0.86), p = 0.008]. Significant synergistic interactions among urinary exposures were observed [WQS: 0.75, 95%CI (0.65, 0.88), p = 0.026], with BP-3 and PrP contributing 40.31 and 40.01% to the weighted analysis, respectively. Mediation analysis proved that inflammatory markers, such as white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), significantly mediated the association between BP-3, PrP, and COPD risk (all p-values <0.05). Conclusion BP-3 and PrP in environmental exposure in smokers have an inverse correlation with COPD risk, with WBC and NLR partially mediating this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinjun Sun
- Department of Tuberculosis, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Song N, Xi X, Yang K, Pei C, Zhao L. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals, blood metabolome, and epigenetics on breast cancer risk: A multi-dimensional mendelian randomization study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 291:117791. [PMID: 39904262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
Current research on the relationship between environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and breast cancer remains insufficient, with limited evidence and inconsistent conclusions. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a robust method for establishing causality, as it reduces biases from confounding factors and reverse causation. This study uses MR to investigate the effects of three types of EDCs, including bisphenols, parabens, and phthalates, on the risk of overall breast cancer and its subtypes-Luminal A, Luminal B, triple negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched, and estrogen receptor-positive/negative. The study also examines the 1400 blood metabolome as potential mediators and explores EDCs-associated DNA methylation changes as potential factors, with a focus on European populations. Our results shows that n-butyl paraben (n-BuP) is positively associated with Luminal A, mono-methyl phthalate is negatively associated with Luminal B, and mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP) is positively associated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Mediation analysis reveals that blood metabolites, such as caffeic acid sulfate and the caffeine-to-paraxanthine ratio, mediate the effect of n-BuP on Luminal A, while methylsuccinate mediate the effect of MiBP on TNBC. Epigenetic analysis shows associations between EDCs exposure-related DNA methylation changes at specific CpG sites (cg26325335, cg08537847, cg27454300) and different breast cancer risks. These findings not only suggest potential biomarkers for early detection and intervention but also underscore the imperative for further research to rigorously validate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Xinquan Xi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping, Tianjin 300052, PR China.
| | - Chongzhe Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping, Tianjin 300052, PR China.
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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Ma H, Li J, Ma H. Associations of phenols, parabens, and phthalates with biological aging: stratified analyses by chronological age and lifestyle in NHANES 2005-2010. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2025:1-17. [PMID: 39801106 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2025.2451626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Humans are widely exposed to phenols, parabens, and phthalates with health risks, while the effects of these chemicals on biological aging remain unclear. Among 3,441 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010, phenol, paraben, and phthalate concentrations were measured and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) was calculated. Linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were used to evaluate the associations of single and mixed chemicals with PhenoAgeAccel. Stratified analyses by chronological age and lifestyle were also performed. Individual phthalates were positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel. The WQS model found the positive relationship between mixed chemicals with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 0.175, 95%CI: 0.001, 0.349). The adverse impacts of phenols and phthalates on biological aging were stronger in older participants with significant interactions. Adherence to healthier lifestyle might partly reduce the positive relationships of phenols and phthalates with biological aging, especially among older adults, which is expected to be a viable intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ma
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jinyue Li
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanping Ma
- Office of Human Resources, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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4
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Watson WD, Janssen JA, Hartnett MJ, Isaacs KK, Liu X, Yau AY, Favela KA, Wambaugh JF. Discerning Emittable from Extractable Chemicals Identified in Consumer Products by Suspect Screening GCxGC-TOFMS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:21669-21679. [PMID: 39601231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c07903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Characterization of chemicals in household products is important for understanding this potential source of chemical exposure. Increasingly, suspect screening and nontargeted analysis techniques are used to characterize as many chemical signatures as possible. Solids such as household products are most conveniently prepared using solvent extraction, revealing what chemicals are contained within the product matrix but providing no information about the potential of those chemicals to leave the matrix and cause actual exposure. In this work, the profile and relative abundances of "extractable" chemical signatures found after solvent extraction are compared to those "emittable" to the headspace for 81 household products analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This study retrospectively fuses data collected in separate efforts over 3.8 years and 13 analytical batches. Management of the data is made possible by recent developments in processing systems for complex data such as Highlight. Compounds were generically classified as aromatic heteroatom, aromatic hydrocarbon, glycol, hydrocarbon, long chain heteroatom, nonaromatic heteroatom, and unknown/unclassified. Class-based retention time and abundance trends were observed. Liquid extraction resulted in the greatest number of features and the highest relative abundances, while low temperature emission conditions produced the smallest number of features and lowest relative abundances.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Watson
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United States
| | - Jake A Janssen
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United States
| | | | - Kristin K Isaacs
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Alice Y Yau
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United States
| | - Kristin A Favela
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, United States
| | - John F Wambaugh
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
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5
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García García M, Picó Y, Morales-Suárez-Varela M. Effects of Bisphenol A on the Risk of Developing Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:3740. [PMID: 39519574 PMCID: PMC11547795 DOI: 10.3390/nu16213740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every year the global incidence of obesity increases considerably and among the factors that favor it is bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor widely used in plastics and omnipresent in many everyday objects. METHODS A total of 19 studies published between 2018 and 2023 that addressed the relationship between BPA exposure and obesity were included in this review in order to better understand its behavior and mechanisms of action. RESULTS The studies reviewed conclude that BPA is an obesogen that alters the function of hormonal receptors, promotes metabolic syndrome, affects certain genes, etc., leading to a greater risk of developing obesity. With important emphasis on the ability to cause epigenetic changes, thus transmitting the effects to offspring when exposure has occurred during critical stages of development such as during gestation or the perinatal period. CONCLUSIONS There is sufficient evidence to show that BPA is a risk factor in the development of obesity. Even so, further research is necessary to exhaustively understand the causal relationship between the two in order to develop prevention measures and avoid possible future adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica García García
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the Universitat de València (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE) CSIC-GV-UV, CV-315 Km. 10, 7, 46113 Moncada, València, Spain;
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Boman A, Miguel M, Andersson I, Slunge D. The effect of information about hazardous chemicals in consumer products on behaviour - A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174774. [PMID: 39009144 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to hazardous chemicals in consumer products poses significant risks to personal health and the environment, and the combined effects may be negative even if each individual exposure is low. This necessitates informed and effective policies for risk reduction. This systematic review aims to identify and analyse existing evidence on how consumer preferences, product use, and product disposal are affected by information on harmful chemicals in consumer products and by price interventions. The review is conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, synthesises forty-eight scientific articles on the relationship between information and consumer responses. No corresponding studies on the effects of price interventions were found. A large share of the identified articles focused on household chemicals, where warning labels are common, while less has been published on "everyday products" where the presence of hazardous chemicals is less clear to consumers. Effects of information on hazardous chemicals on consumer behaviour are highly contextual and dependent on the type of product, consumer behaviour and what kind of label is used. Warning symbols are effective in communicating a general warning of a potential danger, although consumers often misinterpret specifics regarding the exact nature of that danger or what means should be taken to minimise it. Informational texts are more informative but are also often missed or quickly forgotten. Consumer willingness to pay for safer products is generally positive but low. Additional research on how consumers react to information and price signals on chemical hazards is needed to improve policy design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Boman
- Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Mécia Miguel
- Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ida Andersson
- Gothenburg Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Slunge
- Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Future chemical Risk Assessment and Management, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Haber LT, Bradley MA, Buerger AN, Behrsing H, Burla S, Clapp PW, Dotson S, Fisher C, Genco KR, Kruszewski FH, McCullough SD, Page KE, Patel V, Pechacek N, Roper C, Sharma M, Jarabek AM. New approach methodologies (NAMs) for the in vitro assessment of cleaning products for respiratory irritation: workshop report. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1431790. [PMID: 39439531 PMCID: PMC11493779 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1431790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of in vitro new approach methodologies (NAMs) to assess respiratory irritation depends on several factors, including the specifics of exposure methods and cell/tissue-based test systems. This topic was examined in the context of human health risk assessment for cleaning products at a 1-day public workshop held on 2 March 2023, organized by the American Cleaning Institute® (ACI). The goals of this workshop were to (1) review in vitro NAMs for evaluation of respiratory irritation, (2) examine different perspectives on current challenges and suggested solutions, and (3) publish a manuscript of the proceedings. Targeted sessions focused on exposure methods, in vitro cell/tissue test systems, and application to human health risk assessment. The importance of characterization of assays and development of reporting standards was noted throughout the workshop. The exposure methods session emphasized that the appropriate exposure system design depends on the purpose of the assessment. This is particularly important given the many dosimetry and technical considerations affecting relevance and translation of results to human exposure scenarios. Discussion in the in vitro cell/tissue test systems session focused on the wide variety of cell systems with varying suitability for evaluating key mechanistic steps, such as molecular initiating events (MIEs) and key events (KEs) likely present in any putative respiratory irritation adverse outcome pathway (AOP). This suggests the opportunity to further develop guidance around in vitro cell/tissue test system endpoint selection, assay design, characterization and validation, and analytics that provide information about a given assay's utility. The session on applications for human health protection emphasized using mechanistic understanding to inform the choice of test systems and integration of NAMs-derived data with other data sources (e.g., physicochemical properties, exposure information, and existing in vivo data) as the basis for in vitro to in vivo extrapolation. In addition, this group noted a need to develop procedures to align NAMs-based points of departure (PODs) and uncertainty factor selection with current human health risk assessment methods, together with consideration of elements unique to in vitro data. Current approaches are described and priorities for future characterization of in vitro NAMs to assess respiratory irritation are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne T. Haber
- Risk Science Center, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Mark A. Bradley
- Risk Science Center, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Holger Behrsing
- Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | | | - Phillip W. Clapp
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Scott Dotson
- Insight Exposure and Risk Sciences Group, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | | | | | - Shaun D. McCullough
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | | | - Vivek Patel
- Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | | | - Clive Roper
- Roper Toxicology Consulting Limited, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Monita Sharma
- PETA Science Consortium International e.V, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annie M. Jarabek
- Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Kim D, Cho S, Jeon JJ, Choi J. Inhalation Toxicity Screening of Consumer Products Chemicals using OECD Test Guideline Data-based Machine Learning Models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135446. [PMID: 39154469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen the inhalation toxicity of chemicals found in consumer products such as air fresheners, fragrances, and anti-fogging agents submitted to K-REACH using machine learning models. We manually curated inhalation toxicity data based on OECD test guideline 403 (Acute inhalation), 412 (Sub-acute inhalation), and 413 (Sub-chronic inhalation) for 1709 chemicals from the OECD eChemPortal database. Machine learning models were trained using ten algorithms, along with four molecular fingerprints (MACCS, Morgan, Topo, RDKit) and molecular descriptors, achieving F1 scores ranging from 51 % to 91 % in test dataset. Leveraging the high-performing models, we conducted a virtual screening of chemicals, initially applying them to data-rich chemicals generally used in occupational settings to determine the prediction uncertainty. Results showed high sensitivity (75 %) but low specificity (23 %), suggesting that our models can contribute to conservative screening of chemicals. Subsequently, we applied the models to consumer product chemicals, identifying 79 as of high concern. Most of the prioritized chemicals lacked GHS classifications related to inhalation toxicity, even though they were predicted to be used in many consumer products. This study highlights a potential regulatory blind spot concerning the inhalation risk of consumer product chemicals while also indicating the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) models to aid in prioritizing chemicals at the screening level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyeon Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Cho
- Department of Statistics, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-June Jeon
- Department of Statistics, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Wang R, Wang B, Chen A. Application of machine learning in the study of development, behavior, nerve, and genotoxicity of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124473. [PMID: 38945191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) as a novel model-based approach has been used in studying aquatic toxicology in the environmental field. Zebrafish, as an ideal model organism in aquatic toxicology research, has been widely used to study the toxic effects of various pollutants. However, toxicity testing on organisms may cause significant harm, consume considerable time and resources, and raise ethical concerns. Therefore, ML is used in related research to reduce animal experiments and assist researchers in conducting toxicological research. Although ML techniques have matured in various fields, research on ML-based aquatic toxicology is still in its infancy due to the lack of comprehensive large-scale toxicity databases for environmental pollutants and model organisms. Therefore, to better understand the recent research progress of ML in studying the development, behavior, nerve, and genotoxicity of zebrafish, this review mainly focuses on using ML modeling to assess and predict the toxic effects of zebrafish exposure to different toxic chemicals. Meanwhile, the opportunities and challenges faced by ML in the field of toxicology were analyzed. Finally, suggestions and perspectives were proposed for the toxicity studies of ML on zebrafish in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, (Guizhou University), Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, (Guizhou University), Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
| | - Anying Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
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Li D, Suh S. Comments on "Phthalates and attributable mortality: A population-based longitudinal cohort study and cost analysis". ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:121636. [PMID: 37068652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dingsheng Li
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, United States.
| | - Sangwon Suh
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, United States; The Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
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Chamanee G, Sewwandi M, Wijesekara H, Vithanage M. Occurrence and abundance of microplastics and plasticizers in landfill leachate from open dumpsites in Sri Lanka. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123944. [PMID: 38608854 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This is the first attempt that investigate the abundance of plasticizers in leachate sediment in the scientific literature, alongside the debut effort to explore the abundance of microplastics and plasticizers in landfill leachate and sediment in Sri Lanka. Microplastics in sizes ranging from ≥2.0-5.0, ≥1.0-2.0, and ≥ 0.5-1.0 mm were extracted from the leachate draining from ten municipal solid waste open dump sites and sediment samples covering seven districts. Microplastics were extracted by density separation (Saturated ZnCl2) followed by wet peroxide digestion and the chemical identification was conducted by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Plasticizers were extracted to hexane and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The total mean microplastic abundance in leachate was 2.06 ± 0.62 mg/L whereas it was 363 ± 111 mg/kg for leachate sediments. The most frequently found polymer type was polyethylene (>50%), and white color was dominant. The average concentration of bisphenol A (BPA), benzophenone (BP) and diethyl-hydrogen phthalate (DHEP) in leachate was 158 ± 84.4, 0.75 ± 0.16 and 170 ± 85.8 μg/L respectively. Furthermore, BP and DHEP in leachate sediment was 100 ± 68.3 and 1034 ± 455 μg/kg respectively. As landfill leachate is directly discharged into nearby surface and groundwater bodies that serve as sources of drinking water, the study highlights the potential concerns of microplastic and plasticizer exposure to the surrounding Sri Lankan community through consumption of contaminated drinking water. Therefore, there is a timely need of develop the effective waste management and pollution control measures to minimize the possible threats to both the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Chamanee
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - Madushika Sewwandi
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Hasintha Wijesekara
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA6009, Australia.
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12
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Štefunková N, Greifová H, Jambor T, Tokárová K, Zuščíková L, Bažány D, Massányi P, Capcarová M, Lukáč N. Comparison of the Effect of BPA and Related Bisphenols on Membrane Integrity, Mitochondrial Activity, and Steroidogenesis of H295R Cells In Vitro. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:3. [PMID: 38276253 PMCID: PMC10821247 DOI: 10.3390/life14010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disruptive chemical that is widely utilized in the production of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resin, which are used to make a wide range of consumer products, food and drink containers, and medical equipment. When the potential risk of BPA emerged, it was substituted by allegedly less harmful substitutes such as bisphenols S, F, B, and AF. However, evidence suggests that all bisphenols can have endocrine-disruptive effects, while the extent of these effects is unknown. This study aimed to determine effect of BPA, BPAF, BPB, BPF, and BPS on viability and steroidogenesis in human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line in vitro. The cytotoxicity of bisphenols was shown to be considerable at higher doses. However, at low concentrations, it improved viability as well as steroid hormone secretion, indicating that bisphenols have a biphasic, hormetic effect in biological systems. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that bisphenols selectively inhibit some steroidogenic enzymes. These findings suggest that bisphenols have the potential to disrupt cellular steroidogenesis in humans, but substantially more detailed and systematic research is needed to gain a better understanding of the risks associated with bisphenols and their endocrine-disrupting effect on humans and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Štefunková
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia (P.M.)
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El-Kossi DMMH, Ibrahim SS, Hassanin KMA, Hamad N, Rashed NA, Elkhouly HI, Abdel-Wahab A. The protective effects of date seeds, in either conventional or nanoformulation, against bisphenol A-induced testicular toxicity: involvement of testicular expression of CYP11A1, Nrf-2 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:930-942. [PMID: 37915476 PMCID: PMC10615815 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), is ubiquitous in our environment and poses a significant threat to male fertility. Date seeds (DSs) are used in folk medicine due to their antioxidant activity. Aim The purpose of this study was to assess the beneficial effects of DSs, whether in powder or nanoparticle form, against BPA-induced testicular oxidative challenges and apoptosis, aided by inspection of specific genes linked to fertility, oxidative stress and intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Methods Thirty-five adult male albino rats were equally divided into 5 groups including control, BPA, BPA + date seeds powder "DSP", BPA + date seed nanoparticle 1/10 (DSNP 1/10) and BPA + DSNP 1/20 groups. Results TEM showed that the ball-mill method was effective to form DSNP with an average size of 20 nm. BPA significantly impaired sperm motility, morphology, viability and concentration. It also reduced serum testosterone levels and evoked marked oxidative stress in the testes. Additionally, serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine were extremely reduced. Moreover, testicular mRNA relative expression levels of CYP11A1 and Nrf-2 were markedly downregulated. Testicular apoptosis was also promoted whereas Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was profoundly elevated. Histological pictures of the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate confirmed the unfavorable effects of BPA. Surprisingly, we first demonstrated that DSs, specifically the nanoparticle form, strongly alleviated all of BPA's negative effects, with DSNP 1/20 achieving the best results. Conclusion Therefore, DSNP in both doses could be regarded as an ideal candidate for abating the male reproductive challenges caused by BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Shamla St. next to the Directorate of Roads and Bridges, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Hamad
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Noha A Rashed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Heba I Elkhouly
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
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14
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Liu C, Hou HS. Physical exercise and persistent organic pollutants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19661. [PMID: 37809764 PMCID: PMC10558913 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) incessantly has become an important threat to individual health, which is closely related to neurodevelopment, endocrine and cardiovascular homeostasis. Exercise, on the other hand, has been consistently shown to improve physical fitness. Whereas associations between traditional air pollutants, exercise and lung function have been thoroughly reviewed, reviews on associations between persistent organic pollutants and exercise are scarce. Hence, a literature review focused on exercise, exposure to POPs, and health risk assessment was performed for studies published from 2004 to 2022. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of exposure pathways and levels of POPs during exercise, as well as the impact of exercise on health concerns attributable to the redistribution, metabolism, and excretion of POPs in vivo. Therein lies a broader array of exercise benefits, including insulin sensitizing, mitochondrial DNA repair, lipid metabolism and intestinal microecological balance. Physical exercise is conducive to reduce POPs body burden and resistant to health hazards of POPs generally. Besides, individual lipid metabolism condition is a critical factor in evaluating potential link in exercise, POPs and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of P.E, Minzu University of China, # 27, South Street Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hui sheng Hou
- College of P.E, Minzu University of China, # 27, South Street Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100081, China
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15
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Chen Y, Wu J, Li R, Kang W, Zhao A, Yin Y, Tong S, Yuan J, Li S. Individual and joint association of phenols, parabens, and phthalates with childhood lung function: Exploring the mediating role of peripheral immune responses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131457. [PMID: 37099904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The functioning of the respiratory system can be interfered with by exposure to mixtures of environmental chemicals, however, the evidence is still ambiguous. We evaluated the association of exposure to mixtures of 14 chemicals, including 2 phenols, 2 parabens, and 10 phthalates, with four major lung function metrics. Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012, this analysis was conducted among 1462 children aged 6-19 years. Linear regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression, quantile-based g-computation regression, and a generalized additive model were performed to estimate the associations. Mediation analyses were performed to investigate plausible biological pathways mediated by immune cells. Our results indicated that the phenols, parabens, and phthalates mixture was negatively related to lung function parameters. And BPA and PP were identified as important contributors to negative associations with FEV1, FVC, and PEF, with non-linear relationships observed between BPA and those outcomes. The most influential factor for a probable FEF25-75 % decline was MCNP. BPA, and MCNP had an interaction effect on FEF25-75 %. The association of PP with FVC and FEV1 has been postulated to be mediated by neutrophils and monocytes. The findings offer insights into the associations of chemical mixtures with respiratory health and the possible driving mechanism, which would be of significance in adding novel evidence of the role of peripheral immune responses, as well as calling for remediation actions to be prioritized during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Kang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anda Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health, Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jiajun Yuan
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Jeong J, Kim D, Choi J. Integrative Data Mining Approach: Case Study with Adverse Outcome Pathway Network Leading to Pulmonary Fibrosis. Chem Res Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 37093963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework can be applied as an efficient tool for the rapid screening of environmental chemicals. For the development of an AOP, a database mining approach can support an expert derivation approach by gathering a wider range of evidence than in a literature review. In this study, data from various databases were integrated and analyzed to supplement the AOP leading to pulmonary fibrosis by analyzing additional evidence using a data mining approach and establishing an application domain for chemicals. First, we collected chemicals, genes, and phenotypes that were studied and related to pulmonary fibrosis through the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). CGPD-tetramers constructed by linking each related chemical, gene, phenotype, and disease can provide the basic components for the assembly of putative AOPs. Next, an AOP network was established by connecting eight existing AOPs for pulmonary fibrosis developed by expert derivation from the AOP Wiki. Finally, the pulmonary fibrosis AOP network was proposed by integrating the AOP network from AOP Wiki and the CGPD-tetramers from the CTD. To prioritize potential chemical stressors in the AOP network, 61 chemicals were ranked using the relevance of the chemical to the AOP and chemical exposure information from the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. The approach proposed in this study can guide the utilization of available evidence from various databases as well as the literature in constructing AOP networks related to specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseong Jeong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
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17
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Hao N, Sun P, Zhao W, Li X. Application of a developed triple-classification machine learning model for carcinogenic prediction of hazardous organic chemicals to the US, EU, and WHO based on Chinese database. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114806. [PMID: 36948010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer, the second largest human disease, has become a major public health problem. The prediction of chemicals' carcinogenicity before their synthesis is crucial. In this paper, seven machine learning algorithms (i.e., Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Complement Naive Bayes (CNB), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), XGBoost, and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)) were used to construct the carcinogenicity triple classification prediction (TCP) model (i.e., 1A, 1B, Category 2). A total of 1444 descriptors of 118 hazardous organic chemicals were calculated by Discovery Studio 2020, Sybyl X-2.0 and PaDEL-Descriptor software. The constructed carcinogenicity TCP model was evaluated through five model evaluation indicators (i.e., Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 Score and AUC). The model evaluation results show that Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 Score and AUC evaluation indicators meet requirements (greater than 0.6). The accuracy of RF, LR, XGBoost, and MLP models for predicting carcinogenicity of Category 2 is 91.67%, 79.17%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. In addition, the constructed machine learning model in this study has potential for error correction. Taking XGBoost model as an example, the predicted carcinogenicity level of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (96-18-4) is Category 2, but the actual carcinogenicity level is 1B. But the difference between Category 2 and 1B is only 0.004, indicating that the XGBoost is one optimum model of the seven constructed machine learning models. Besides, results showed that functional groups like chlorine and benzene ring might influence the prediction of carcinogenic classification. Therefore, considering functional group characteristics of chemicals before constructing the carcinogenicity prediction model of organic chemicals is recommended. The predicted carcinogenicity of the organic chemicals using the optimum machine leaning model (i.e., XGBoost) was also evaluated and verified by the toxicokinetics. The RF and XGBoost TCP models constructed in this paper can be used for carcinogenicity detection before synthesizing new organic substances. It also provides technical support for the subsequent management of organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hao
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peixuan Sun
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenjin Zhao
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xixi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, A1B 3×5, Canada.
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18
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Dagdeviren G, Arslan B, Keles A, Yücel Çelik Ö, Arat Ö, Caglar AT. The evaluation of serum bisphenol A in patients with preeclampsia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:1322-1327. [PMID: 36806798 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS High bisphenol A (BPA) concentration may compromise normal placental development. The aim of this study was to determine maternal serum BPA concentrations in pregnant women with complicated preeclampsia (PE) and normal pregnant women, to compare BPA concentrations, and to examine pregnancy outcomes. METHODS This prospective case-control study was conducted between March 2021 and October 2021. Serum BPA levels of preeclamptic pregnancy and normal pregnancy were statistically evaluated. In addition, the PE group was divided into three subgroups according to the course of pregnancy. Group 1: patients with non-severe PE who delivered at 37 weeks or later, Group 2: patients with severe PE who delivered at less than 34 weeks, Group 3: patients with severe PE who delivered between 34 and 37 weeks. The association between BPA levels and pregnancy outcome was investigated. RESULTS Forty-six cases in the PE group were compared with 46 cases of normal pregnancies. The median BPA level was 19.46 ng/mL in the PE group and 16.36 ng/mL in the control group. The median BPA levels in the PE group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p = 0.007). Serum BPA levels were significantly lower in women who delivered at 37 weeks or later than in women who delivered at less than 34 weeks due to severe PE (p ≤ 0.018). CONCLUSION Our study highlights the association between elevated maternal serum levels of BPA and PE. Moreover, knowledge of BPA levels in women with PE may provide information about the prognosis of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Dagdeviren
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Arslan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Keles
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Yücel Çelik
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgür Arat
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Turhan Caglar
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Krivohlavek A, Mikulec N, Budeč M, Barušić L, Bošnir J, Šikić S, Jakasa I, Begović T, Janda R, Vitale K. Migration of BPA from Food Packaging and Household Products on the Croatian Market. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2877. [PMID: 36833573 PMCID: PMC9957217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BPA is a plasticizer for the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins and is widely used in the production of household goods, including food packaging. Free BPA is known to migrate from packaging to food, and its uptake has been associated with adverse health effect, particularly the disruption of endocrine activity. The presence and migration of BPA from plastic consumer products are subject to strict regulation in the EU. The aim of this study is to analyse the migration of BPA from different packaging items and household products sold on the Croatian market. To simulate real life exposure, we treated samples with a food simulant. The analytical performance was confirmed with the EU requirements. BPA levels were assessed in 61 samples by HPLC-FLD and the LOQ of the method was 0.005 mg kg-1 for the food simulant. These results showed that the levels of BPA that migrated to the food simulant were below LOQ and in accordance with the specific migration limit into food, which was defined as 0.05 mg kg-1 for all samples. None of the analysed products presented a health hazard. However, these regulations do not refer to products intended for children's use, in which BPA is banned. Furthermore, regulations require testing before putting products on the market, and previous research shows that possible BPA migration occurs due to various uses, along with a cumulative effect of exposure from even very small concentrations. Therefore, for accurate BPA consumer exposure evaluation and possible health risks, a comprehensive approach is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Krivohlavek
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Mikulec
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Budeč
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Barušić
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Bošnir
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šikić
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Begović
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rea Janda
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Vitale
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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20
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Yang G, Yang L, Liu Q, Zhu Z, Yang Q, Liu J, Beta T. Protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on BPA-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryo model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109525. [PMID: 36410639 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous in the environment and poses a threat to wildlife and human health. It has been reported that BPA may cause the neurotoxicity during gestational and neonatal periods. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most abundant anthocyanins that has shown multiple bio-functions. In this study, the protective effects and possible mechanism of C3G against BPA-induced neurodevelopment toxicity in zebrafish embryos/larvae were studied. The results showed that co-exposure of C3G (25 μg/mL) significantly attenuated BPA-induced deficit in locomotor behavior and restored the BPA-induced aberrant changes in brain morphology of zebrafish larvae. Further studies showed that the defects of central nervous development and the downregulated neurogenesis relative genes induced by BPA were significantly counteracted by co-exposure with 5 μg/mL of C3G. In addition, C3G (25 μg/mL) mitigated the decline of glutathione (GSH) content and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT), attenuated oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by BPA in zebrafish. The enhancements of the expression of genes involved in the Nrf2-ARE pathway (Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GCLC, and GCLM) were also observed by co-exposure of C3G. The results indicate that C3G exerts protective effects on BPA-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity through improving transcription of neurogenesis related genes, enhancing antioxidative defense system and reducing cell apoptosis by regulation of apoptotic genes in zebrafish larvae. The results suggest that anthocyanins may play important role against the exogenous toxicity for vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lipin Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jining Liu
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering， Beijing Normal University， Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Trust Beta
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Mohamed DFMS, Kim DY, An J, Kim M, Chun SH, Kwon JH. Simplified Unified BARGE Method to Assess Migration of Phthalate Esters in Ingested PVC Consumer Products. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1907. [PMID: 36767273 PMCID: PMC9914907 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The unified bioaccessibility research group of Europe (BARGE) method (UBM) suggests using in vitro experimental conditions for simulating the release of chemicals from confined matrices, such as soils and sediments, in the human gastrointestinal tract. It contains comprehensive steps that simulate human digestion pathways and has good potential for application in the leaching of plastic additives from accidentally ingested plastic particles. However, its complexity could be a challenge for routine screening assessments of the migration of chemicals from consumer plastic products. In this study, the UBM was modified to assess the migration of plastic additives from consumer products with five model phthalate esters (i.e., dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)) from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The migration of phthalate esters was observed in four digestive phases (saliva, gastric, duodenal, and bile). Three separate experiments were conducted with the addition of (1) inorganic constituents only, (2) inorganic and organic constituents, and (3) inorganic and organic constituents in combination with digestive enzymes. While using enzymes with the UBM solution, the migrated mass for leached compounds was comparatively low (0.226 ± 0.04 μg) in most digestion phases, likely due to a self-generated coating of enzymes on the plastic materials. However, higher mass migration (0.301 ± 0.05) was observed when phthalate esters were analyzed in the UBM solution, excluding the enzymes. A ring test among six independent laboratories confirmed the robustness of the modified method. Therefore, we propose a simplified version of the original UBM designed mainly for the migration of inorganic elements using only the inorganic and organic components of the solution throughout all phases of digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Fahad M. S. Mohamed
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yung Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung An
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdeahak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Kim
- Chemical Products Team, FITI Testing and Research Institute, 21 Yangcheong 3-gil, Cheongju-si 28115, Republic of Korea
| | - Sa-Ho Chun
- Chemical Products Team, FITI Testing and Research Institute, 21 Yangcheong 3-gil, Cheongju-si 28115, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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22
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Bai J, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Yang D, Mubarik S, Yu C. Mixed exposure to phenol, parabens, pesticides, and phthalates and insulin resistance in NHANES: A mixture approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158218. [PMID: 36028038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of environmental chemicals on insulin resistance have attracted extensive attention. Previous studies typically focused on the single chemical effects. This study adopted three different models to analyze the mixed effects of nine common chemicals (one phenol, two parabens, two chlorophenols and four phthalates) on insulin resistance. METHODS Urinary concentrations of chemicals were extracted from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2016. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and defined as HOMA-IR >2.6. The generalized linear regression (GLM), weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) and Bayesian kernel machine regression models (BKMR) were applied to assess the relationship between chemical mixture and HOMA-IR or insulin resistance. RESULTS Of the 2067 participants included, 872 (42.19 %) were identified as insulin resistant. In single-chemical GLM model, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) had the highest parameter (β/OR, 95 % CIs) of 0.21 (quartile 4, 0.12- 0.29) and 1.95 (quartile 4, 1.39- 2.74). Similar results were observed in the multi-chemical models, with DEHP (quartile 4) showing the positive relationship with HOMA-IR (0.18, 0.08- 0.28) and insulin resistance (1.76, 1.17- 2.64). According to WQS models, the WQS indices were significantly positively correlated with both HOMA-IR (β: 0.07, 95 % CI: 0.03- 0.12) and insulin resistance (OR: 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.03- 1.53). DEHP was the top-weighted chemical positively correlated with both HOMA-IR and insulin resistance. In the BKMR model, the joint effect was also positively correlated with both outcomes. DEHP remained the main contributor to the joint effect, consistent with WQS analysis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that these chemical mixtures had the positive joint effects on both HOMA-IR and insulin resistance, with DEHP being the potentially predominant driver. The inter-validation of the three models may indicate that reducing the DEHP concentration could improve glucose homeostasis and reduce the risk of insulin resistance. However, further studies are recommended to deepen our findings and elucidate the mechanisms of insulin resistance and chemical mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yudiyang Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yudi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430072, China.
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23
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Kurşunoğlu NE, Sarer Yurekli BP. Endocrine disruptor chemicals as obesogen and diabetogen: Clinical and mechanistic evidence. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:11226-11239. [PMID: 36387809 PMCID: PMC9649566 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming an inevitable pandemic all over the world. The World Obesity Federation predicts in the 2022 World Obesity Atlas that one billion people worldwide, including 1 in 5 women and 1 in 7 men, will be living with obesity by 2030. Moreover, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, and diabetes is becoming more of a public health problem. Increased insulin resistance due to obesity and deficiency in insulin secretion are the two main causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An exogenous chemical or mixture of chemicals that interferes with any aspect of hormone action was defined as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Bisphenol A (BPA), the first known EDC, was synthesized and was considered to be estrogenic. Global production of BPA has increased progressively from 5 to 8 million tons (MT) between 2010 and 2016. Furthermore, researchers estimated that the production should reach 10.2 MT by 2022. The human population is exposed to EDCs in daily life in such forms as pesticides/herbicides, industrial and household products, plastics, detergents, and personal care products. The term obesogen was used for chemicals that promote weight gain and obesity by increasing the number of adipocytes and fat storage in existing adipocytes, changing the energy balance, and finally regulating appetite and satiety. Besides the obesogenic effect, EDCs can cause T2DM through alteration in ß cell function and morphology and insulin resistance. In this review, we provide clinical and mechanistic evidence regarding EDCs as obesogen and diabetogen. However, those studies are not enough methodologically to indicate causality. In this respect, randomized clinical trials are needed to investigate the association between obesogen, diabetogen and the related metabolic clinical picture.
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24
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Khan IH, Javaid A. Antagonistic activity of Aspergillus versicolor against Macrophomina phaseolina. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1613-1621. [PMID: 35831780 PMCID: PMC9433477 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antagonistic efficacy of Aspergillus versicolor against the soil and seed inhibiting destructive plant pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. The tested antagonist was confirmed by rDNA sequencing of ITS and β-tubulin genes with respective accession numbers MN719083 and MN736397. In dual culture bioassays, A. versicolor showed potent antagonist activity and reduced the pathogen's growth by 60% over control. To understand the mechanism of antagonistic fungus, DNA of the pathogenic fungus was incubated in secondary metabolites produced by the A. versicolor for 24 and 48 h. After 48 h, metabolites of A. versicolor fully degraded the DNA of M. phaseolina. Moreover, for the identification of bioactive compounds, the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of A. versicolor culture filtrates were subjected to GC-MS analysis. A total of 10 compounds were identified in each of the two fractions. Among these, chondrillasterol (37.43%) followed by 1,2-benzedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (25.93%), decane (16.63%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (13.32%), stigmasterol (11.16%), undecane (10.93%), cis-1-chloro-9-octadecene (8.66%), benzene, 1,3,5-trimethyl (8.46%), and hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (8.13%) were the major compounds. Some of the identified compounds are known to possess strong antifungal, antibacterial, nematicidal, and antioxidant properties. The present study concludes that A. versicolor is an effective antagonist against M. phaseolina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Haider Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Arshad Javaid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
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25
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Syeda SR, Khan EA, Padungwatanaroj O, Kuprasertwong N, Tula AK. A perspective on hazardous chemical substitution in consumer products. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Olmedo-Suárez MÁ, Ramírez-Díaz I, Pérez-González A, Molina-Herrera A, Coral-García MÁ, Lobato S, Sarvari P, Barreto G, Rubio K. Epigenetic Regulation in Exposome-Induced Tumorigenesis: Emerging Roles of ncRNAs. Biomolecules 2022; 12:513. [PMID: 35454102 PMCID: PMC9032613 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors, including pollutants and lifestyle, constitute a significant role in severe, chronic pathologies with an essential societal, economic burden. The measurement of all environmental exposures and assessing their correlation with effects on individual health is defined as the exposome, which interacts with our unique characteristics such as genetics, physiology, and epigenetics. Epigenetics investigates modifications in the expression of genes that do not depend on the underlying DNA sequence. Some studies have confirmed that environmental factors may promote disease in individuals or subsequent progeny through epigenetic alterations. Variations in the epigenetic machinery cause a spectrum of different disorders since these mechanisms are more sensitive to the environment than the genome, due to the inherent reversible nature of the epigenetic landscape. Several epigenetic mechanisms, including modifications in DNA (e.g., methylation), histones, and noncoding RNAs can change genome expression under the exogenous influence. Notably, the role of long noncoding RNAs in epigenetic processes has not been well explored in the context of exposome-induced tumorigenesis. In the present review, our scope is to provide relevant evidence indicating that epigenetic alterations mediate those detrimental effects caused by exposure to environmental toxicants, focusing mainly on a multi-step regulation by diverse noncoding RNAs subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Olmedo-Suárez
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Facultad de Biotecnología, Campus Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Andrea Pérez-González
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Molina-Herrera
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Coral-García
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Sagrario Lobato
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Pouya Sarvari
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Laboratoire IMoPA, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 73635 Nancy, France
- Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico; (M.Á.O.-S.); (I.R.-D.); (A.P.-G.); (A.M.-H.); (M.Á.C.-G.); (S.L.); (P.S.); (G.B.)
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
- Laboratoire IMoPA, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 73635 Nancy, France
- Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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27
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Shenashen MA, Emran MY, El Sabagh A, Selim MM, Elmarakbi A, El-Safty SA. Progress in sensory devices of pesticides, pathogens, coronavirus, and chemical additives and hazards in food assessment: Food safety concerns. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 124:100866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Hill CB, Yadav OP, Khan E. Examining hydraulic fracturing chemicals: A temporal and comparative analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 208:117878. [PMID: 34837809 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing (HF) remains a current global energy policy issue, and understanding risks to drinking water resources from HF chemicals is an important aspect of this topic. The quantity and quality of disclosed HF chemical information are significant barriers for stakeholders attempting to perform systemic environmental and public health research. A repeatable approach for processing HF chemical disclosure data is provided using United States FracFocus data as a case study. We fill research gaps by examining HF chemical trends between 2014 and 2020 and comparing HF chemicals with a list of reference chemicals known or suspected to be in contact (unrelated to HF) with drinking water, food, or cosmetics. In total, 1,244 unique HF chemicals were identified. Compared with EPA's 2016 HF chemical disclosure research, 480 new chemicals are identified, and 318 previously reported chemicals were not observed. The annual unique chemical counts have dropped from 878 to 594 (32.3%) over the research period, while data quality and transparency have increased. Approximately 69.7% of the identified HF ingredients were found in a list of reference chemicals known or suspected to be in contact (unrelated to HF) with drinking water, food, or cosmetics. Chemical differences between production types (gas and oil) and states are also reviewed. Our research reveals that the sociotechnical system surrounding HF is dynamic and moving toward fewer and, in general, safer chemicals, for those that are disclosed. This study highlights opportunities for new and updated systemic research regarding HF chemical hazard dynamics and associated risk to drinking water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Hill
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States.
| | - Om P Yadav
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States; Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, United States.
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, United States.
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29
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van den Dries MA, Ferguson KK, Keil AP, Pronk A, Spaan S, Ghassabian A, Santos S, Jaddoe VWV, Trasande L, Tiemeier H, Guxens M. Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16502-16514. [PMID: 34878787 PMCID: PMC11148873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemicals such as phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides is ubiquitous and occurs in mixtures. So far, epidemiological studies investigating neurodevelopmental consequences of these exposures have mainly been restricted to single-pollutant models. Thus, we studied the association between prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures and child IQ and emotional and behavioral problems. Data came from 782 mother-child pairs. Eleven phthalate, one bisphenol, and five OP pesticide urinary exposure biomarkers were measured three times during pregnancy and averaged. Nonverbal IQ, internalizing and attention problems, aggressive behavior, and autistic traits were assessed at child age 6 years. We used quantile g-computation to estimate the change in each outcome per quartile increase in all chemicals within the mixture. Higher exposure to the mixture was associated with lower nonverbal IQ (-4.0 points (95%CI = -7.0, -1.0), -5.5 points (95%CI = -10.2, -0.9), and -4.6 points (95%CI = -10.8, 1.5) for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively, compared to the first quartile). These results were mainly driven by the phthalate mixture. No association was observed with emotional and behavioral problems. Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures was associated with lower nonverbal IQ in children. Exposure to chemical mixtures during gestation is universal and may impact neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A van den Dries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Spaan
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York 10016, United States
- New York University Wagner School of Public Service, New York City, New York 10012, United States
- New York University College of Global Public Health, New York City, New York 10003, United States
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 CN The Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Oluranti OI, Alabi BA, Michael OS, Ojo AO, Fatokun BP. Rutin prevents cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation induced by bisphenol A and dibutyl phthalate exposure via NRF-2/NF-κB pathway. Life Sci 2021; 284:119878. [PMID: 34384828 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Environmental pollutants such as plastic-component substances (phthalates and bisphenol A) that coexist in natural ecosystems have been linked to an increase in the occurrence of human health hazards, particularly cardiovascular health. This study was designed to investigate single and combined cardio-toxic effects of dibutyl phthalate and bisphenol-A and the possible interventional role of rutin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two rats were randomized into 7 groups of 6 animals each and were treated as follows for 28 days: Control (0.1% DMSO), Bisphenol-A (BPA, 25 mg/kg, p.o), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP, 25 mg/kg, p.o), BPA + Rutin (25 mg/kg, Rt 50 mg/kg), DBP + Rt (25 mg/kg, Rt 50 mg/kg), BPA + DBP, BPA + DBP + Rt. Cardiac lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and inflammatory markers activities were measured. KEY FINDINGS The result showed that BPA reduced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, DBP and DBP+ BPA reduced the catalase (CAT) activity, DBP reduced glutathione (GSH) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) while malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in DBP + BPA group. Also, DBP increased tissue C-reactive protein (CRP); DBP, DBP + BPA increased tissue nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB); DBP + BPA increased plasma CRP; BPA increased plasma NF-κB. However, rutin efficiently reduced MDA level, CRP and NF-κB; increasing SOD, GSH and Nrf2 levels in DBP and BPA exposed rats. SIGNIFICANCE These results revealed that bisphenol and dibutyl phthalate exposure caused oxidative stress and inflammation in the heart through Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway while oral administration of rutin prevents these effects via upregulation of Nrf2 and suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi I Oluranti
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.
| | - Babatunde A Alabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga S Michael
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Alaba O Ojo
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Bosede P Fatokun
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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Gao H, Wan X, Xiao B, Yang K, Wang Y, Zhang C, Li P, Liu L, Xia T, Wang A, Zhang S. Impacts of PBDE-47 exposure before, during and after pregnancy on the maternal gut microbiome and its association with host metabolism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112530. [PMID: 34280840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal gut microbiota play an important role in the modulation of offspring disease susceptibility and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed as a mechanism through which toxic environmental chemicals exert their adverse impacts on health. The brominated flame retardants polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are developmental toxicants and induce dysbiotic gut microbiota in offspring. Yet, whether and how PBDEs impact the maternal gut microbiota remain unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) exposure from preconception through lactation cessation on maternal gut microbiota and its link to host serum metabolic consequences. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were daily exposed to 10 mg/kg PBDE-47 via oral gavage from ten days before conception until offspring were weaned on postnatal day 21, then maternal fecal and blood samples were collected for microbiome and metabolome analyses by using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Maternal exposure to PBDE-47 showed a distinct profile in gut microbiota compared to control dams, as evidenced by increased Actinobacteria phylum and genera Blautia, Gemella and Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased genera AF12 and Oscillospira. Additionally, global metabolomics analysis identified 26 differential serum metabolites to distinguish PBDE-47 from controls, which were mainly involved in amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, further confirmed by pathway analysis. Importantly, the differential serum metabolites are closely correlated with the disturbed gut microbiota in response to PBDE-47. Collectively, our results suggest that maternal gut microbial dysbiosis may serve as a potential mechanism underlying PBDE-47-elicited health hazards to mothers or even offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyan Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Boya Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaichao Yang
- Immunization Planning Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Nongye South Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, 18 Jianghan North Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Luming Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China.
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32
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Park J, Lee H, Park K. Gastrointestinal tract and skin permeability of chemicals in consumer products using parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2021; 36:e2021021-0. [PMID: 34583463 PMCID: PMC8598401 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2021021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Some chemicals commonly used in personal care products, household items, food vessels, cosmetics, and other consumer products are potentially harmful, and several reviews of epidemiological studies have suggested the associations between the chemical exposure from consumer products, and respiratory diseases, skin sensitization, and reproductive problems. Therefore, risk assessment is essential for management of consumer products safety. Necessarily, the estimation of human exposure is an essential step in risk assessment, and the absorption rate of those chemicals via the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and skin are very critical in determining the internal dose of the exposed chemicals. In this study, parallel artificial membrane permeability assays (PAMPA) for the gastrointestinal tract and skin were performed to evaluate the permeability of parabens (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl-, propyl-, and butyl paraben), bisphenols (bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S), isothiazolinones (methyl-, chloromethyl-, benz-, octyl-, and dichlorooctyl isothiazolinone), and phthalates [diethyl-, dibutyl-, Di-isononyl-, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate]. Lipid solubility of test chemicals indicated by log P values was shown as the most critical factor and showed a positive association with the permeability of parabens, bisphenols, and isothiazolinones in PAMPA assay. However, phthalate showed a reverse-association between lipophilicity and permeability. The permeability of all the tested chemicals was higher in the gastrointestinal tract membrane than in the skin membrane. The pH in donor solution did not show significant effects on the permeability in all the chemicals, except the chemicals with a free hydrophilic moiety in their chemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea
| | - Handule Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea
| | - Kwangsik Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea
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Chang WH, Chou WC, Waits A, Liao KW, Kuo PL, Huang PC. Cumulative risk assessment of phthalates exposure for recurrent pregnancy loss in reproductive-aged women population using multiple hazard indices approaches. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106657. [PMID: 34052604 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, which are commonly used in flexible plastics and consumer products, have been reported to be toxic to reproductive and developmental function in mammals. Past studies have focused on the toxic effects on male reproduction, with only a few studies conducted on the risks that cumulative exposure to phthalates have on the female reproductive system. We recruited 260 patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) of unknown etiology and 203 controls from the clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a medical center in southern Taiwan from 2013 to 2020. The daily intake of phthalates was estimated from urine samples using the back-calculation method, after which the cumulative risk was determined using multiple hazard indices, including a dose-addition model, a receptor effect model, and a hazard index approach. The patients with RPL had a significantly higher cumulative exposure to phthalates (p < 0.05) than did the controls with a hazard index above one. After adjusted logistic regression analysis, we found that the risk of RPL was strongly related to the higher quartiles of DEHP, the DEHPTEQ for the antiandrogenic effect and adverse effects of the female reproductive system and the ERα binding effect (p < 0.05). Our work suggests that more attentions should be paid to the adverse effects induced by phthalates on female reproduction, especially the effects caused by the cumulative exposure to phthalates in women of reproductive age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Food Safety/ Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Alexander Waits
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Liao
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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Xiao B, Dong L, Gao H, Yang K, Wang Y, Li X, Qiu H, Wang A, Zhang S. [Effects of melatonin on PBDE-47-induced abnormal autophagy and apoptosis in PC12 cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1409-1414. [PMID: 34658357 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.09.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of melatonin (MT) on 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenylether (PBDE-47)-induced abnormal autophagy and apoptosis in rat adrenal medullary pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. METHODS PC12 cells were pretreated with a concentration gradient (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L) of melatonin for 2 h before exposure to 20 μmol/L PBDE-47 for 24 h to determine the optimal concentration of melatonin for cell treatment. In subsequent experiments, PC12 cells were treated with 0.5‰ DMSO (control group), 20 μmol/L PBDE-47, 25 μmol/L melatonin, or both PBDE-47 and melatonin. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the positive staining of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3; a marker protein of autophagy); Western blotting was performed to determine the expression levels of the key autophagic proteins including autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7), LC3-Ⅱ and autophagy substrate p62, and the key apoptotic proteins including active cysteine-containing aspartate specific protease-3 (active caspase-3) and cleaved poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (cleaved PARP). RESULTS PBDE-47 treatment significantly reduced the viability of PC12 cells (P=0.001), but pretreatment with 25 μmol/L melatonin maintained a cell viability over 80% following exposure to PBDE-47 (P=0.023). PBDE-47-treated PC12 cells showed obviously enhanced immunofluorescent staining of LC3 protein, a significantly decreased expression of ATG7 and increased expression levels of p62, LC3-Ⅱ, active caspase-3 and cleaved PARP (P < 0.001). The cells treated with both PBDE-47 and melatonin showed obviously reduced staining of LC3 protein with a signficantly increased expression level of ATG7 (P=0.034) and decreased expressions of p62 (P=0.048), LC3-Ⅱ (P=0.018), active caspase-3 (P < 0.001) and cleaved PARP (P=0.032). CONCLUSION PBDE-47 exposure impairs autophagy to cause autophagosome accumulation and promote apoptosis of PC12 cells. Melatonin can improve PBDE-47-induced abnormal autophagy and apoptosis and thus promote the survival of PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - L Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - H Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - K Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - A Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Prenatal exposure to a mixture of different phthalates increases the risk of mammary carcinogenesis in F1 female offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112519. [PMID: 34428494 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates metabolites have been detected in the urine of pregnant and breastfeeding women. Thus, this study evaluated the adverse effects of maternal exposure to a mixture of six phthalates (Pth mix) on the mammary gland development and carcinogenesis in F1 female offspring. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed daily to vehicle or Pth mix (35.22% diethyl-phthalate, 21.03% di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate, 14.91% dibutyl-phthalate, 15.10% diisononyl-phthalate, 8.61% diisobutyl-phthalate, and 5.13% benzylbutyl-phthalate) by gavage at 20 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg or 200 mg/kg during gestational day 10 (GD 10) to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). After weaning (PND 22), some female offspring were euthanized for mammary gland analyses while other females received a single dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU, 50 mg/kg) or vehicle and then tumor incidence and multiplicity were recorded until PND 180. Maternal Pth mix exposure increased the number of Ki-67 and progesterone receptor-positive epithelial cells in the mammary gland from Pth mix 200 at μg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups. In addition, tumor incidence and mean number were higher only in Pth mix at 200 mg/kg when compared to the vehicle-treated group, and percentage of tumor-free animals was lower in Pth mix at 200 μg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups. The findings indicate that perinatal Pth mixture exposure increased susceptibility to MNU-induced mammary carcinogenesis in adult F1 female offspring.
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Kim HM, Kang JS. Metabolomic Studies for the Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Environmental Toxicants on Model Organisms. Metabolites 2021; 11:485. [PMID: 34436425 PMCID: PMC8402193 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution causes significant toxicity to ecosystems. Thus, acquiring a deeper understanding of the concentration of environmental pollutants in ecosystems and, clarifying their potential toxicities is of great significance. Environmental metabolomics is a powerful technique in investigating the effects of pollutants on living organisms in the environment. In this review, we cover the different aspects of the environmental metabolomics approach, which allows the acquisition of reliable data. A step-by-step procedure from sample preparation to data interpretation is also discussed. Additionally, other factors, including model organisms and various types of emerging environmental toxicants are discussed. Moreover, we cover the considerations for successful environmental metabolomics as well as the identification of toxic effects based on data interpretation in combination with phenotype assays. Finally, the effects induced by various types of environmental toxicants in model organisms based on the application of environmental metabolomics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Wolfram J, Stehle S, Bub S, Petschick LL, Schulz R. Water quality and ecological risks in European surface waters - Monitoring improves while water quality decreases. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 152:106479. [PMID: 33684734 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are at risk of being impaired by various organic chemicals, however comprehensive large-scale evaluations of waterbodies' status and trends are rare. Here, surface water monitoring data, gathered as part of the EU Water Framework Directive and comprising the occurrence of 352 organic contaminants (>8.3 mil. measurements; 2001-2015; 8213 sites) in 31 European countries, was used to evaluate past and current environmental risks for three aquatic species groups: fish, invertebrates, plants. Monitoring quality indices were defined per country and found to improve over time. Relationships became apparent between countries' monitoring quality index and their success in detecting contaminants. Across the EU, contaminants were more frequently found in recent years. Overall, 35.7% (n = 17,484) of sites exceeded at least one acute regulatory threshold level (RTL) each year, and average risks significantly increased over time for fish (τ = 0.498, p = 0.01) and aquatic invertebrates (τ = 0.429, p = 0.03). This indicates an increased chemical pressure to Europe's waterbodies and overall large-scale threshold exceedances. Pesticides were identified as the main risk drivers (>85% of RTL exceedances) with aquatic invertebrates being most acutely at risk in Europe. Agricultural land-use was clearly identified as the primary spatial driver of the observed aquatic risks throughout European surface waters. Issues in monitoring data heterogeneity were highlighted and also followed by subsequent improvement recommendations, strengthening future environmental quality assessments. Overall, aquatic ecosystem integrity remains acutely at risk across Europe, signaling the demand for continued improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wolfram
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stehle
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstrasse 13, D-76857 Eusserthal, Germany
| | - Sascha Bub
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Lara L Petschick
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany.
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Abstract
Almost 2 billion adults in the world are overweight, and more than half of them are classified as obese, while nearly one-third of children globally experience poor growth and development. Given the vast amount of knowledge that has been gleaned from decades of research on growth and development, a number of questions remain as to why the world is now in the midst of a global epidemic of obesity accompanied by the "double burden of malnutrition," where overweight coexists with underweight and micronutrient deficiencies. This challenge to the human condition can be attributed to nutritional and environmental exposures during pregnancy that may program a fetus to have a higher risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. To explore this concept, frequently called the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), this review considers a host of factors and physiological mechanisms that drive a fetus or child toward a higher risk of obesity, fatty liver disease, hypertension, and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D). To that end, this review explores the epidemiology of DOHaD with discussions focused on adaptations to human energetics, placental development, dysmetabolism, and key environmental exposures that act to promote chronic diseases in adulthood. These areas are complementary and additive in understanding how providing the best conditions for optimal growth can create the best possible conditions for lifelong health. Moreover, understanding both physiological as well as epigenetic and molecular mechanisms for DOHaD is vital to most fully address the global issues of obesity and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoffman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Program in International Nutrition, and Center for Childhood Nutrition Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Division of Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Division of Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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Eichler CMA, Hubal EAC, Xu Y, Cao J, Bi C, Weschler CJ, Salthammer T, Morrison GC, Koivisto AJ, Zhang Y, Mandin C, Wei W, Blondeau P, Poppendieck D, Liu X, Delmaar CJE, Fantke P, Jolliet O, Shin HM, Diamond ML, Shiraiwa M, Zuend A, Hopke PK, von Goetz N, Kulmala M, Little JC. Assessing Human Exposure to SVOCs in Materials, Products, and Articles: A Modular Mechanistic Framework. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:25-43. [PMID: 33319994 PMCID: PMC7877794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A critical review of the current state of knowledge of chemical emissions from indoor sources, partitioning among indoor compartments, and the ensuing indoor exposure leads to a proposal for a modular mechanistic framework for predicting human exposure to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Mechanistically consistent source emission categories include solid, soft, frequent contact, applied, sprayed, and high temperature sources. Environmental compartments are the gas phase, airborne particles, settled dust, indoor surfaces, and clothing. Identified research needs are the development of dynamic emission models for several of the source emission categories and of estimation strategies for critical model parameters. The modular structure of the framework facilitates subsequent inclusion of new knowledge, other chemical classes of indoor pollutants, and additional mechanistic processes relevant to human exposure indoors. The framework may serve as the foundation for developing an open-source community model to better support collaborative research and improve access for application by stakeholders. Combining exposure estimates derived using this framework with toxicity data for different end points and toxicokinetic mechanisms will accelerate chemical risk prioritization, advance effective chemical management decisions, and protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara M A Eichler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Elaine A Cohen Hubal
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chenyang Bi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Charles J Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Tunga Salthammer
- Fraunhofer WKI, Department of Material Analysis and Indoor Chemistry, Braunschweig 38108, Germany
| | - Glenn C Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Antti Joonas Koivisto
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Corinne Mandin
- University of Paris-Est, Scientific and Technical Center for Building (CSTB), French Indoor Air Quality Observatory (OQAI), Champs sur Marne 77447, France
| | - Wenjuan Wei
- University of Paris-Est, Scientific and Technical Center for Building (CSTB), French Indoor Air Quality Observatory (OQAI), Champs sur Marne 77447, France
| | - Patrice Blondeau
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur pour l'Environnement - LaSIE, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle 77447, France
| | - Dustin Poppendieck
- Engineering Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Christiaan J E Delmaar
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven 3720, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Fantke
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Olivier Jolliet
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hyeong-Moo Shin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Miriam L Diamond
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Andreas Zuend
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A0B9, Canada
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5708, United States
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | | | - Markku Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - John C Little
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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Toma C, Manganaro A, Raitano G, Marzo M, Gadaleta D, Baderna D, Roncaglioni A, Kramer N, Benfenati E. QSAR Models for Human Carcinogenicity: An Assessment Based on Oral and Inhalation Slope Factors. Molecules 2020; 26:E127. [PMID: 33383938 PMCID: PMC7796303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenicity is a crucial endpoint for the safety assessment of chemicals and products. During the last few decades, the development of quantitative structure-activity relationship ((Q)SAR) models has gained importance for regulatory use, in combination with in vitro testing or expert-based reasoning. Several classification models can now predict both human and rat carcinogenicity, but there are few models to quantitatively assess carcinogenicity in humans. To our knowledge, slope factor (SF), a parameter describing carcinogenicity potential used especially for human risk assessment of contaminated sites, has never been modeled for both inhalation and oral exposures. In this study, we developed classification and regression models for inhalation and oral SFs using data from the Risk Assessment Information System (RAIS) and different machine learning approaches. The models performed well in classification, with accuracies for the external set of 0.76 and 0.74 for oral and inhalation exposure, respectively, and r2 values of 0.57 and 0.65 in the regression models for oral and inhalation SFs in external validation. These models might therefore support regulators in (de)prioritizing substances for regulatory action and in weighing evidence in the context of chemical safety assessments. Moreover, these models are implemented on the VEGA platform and are now freely downloadable online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Toma
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80177, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Giuseppa Raitano
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Marco Marzo
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Domenico Gadaleta
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Diego Baderna
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Nynke Kramer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80177, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (G.R.); (M.M.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
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Children's Environmental Health: A Systems Approach for Anticipating Impacts from Chemicals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228337. [PMID: 33187264 PMCID: PMC7696947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of chemicals are on the market and present in consumer products. Emerging evidence on the relationship between environmental contributions and prevalent diseases suggests associations between early-life exposure to manufactured chemicals and a wide range of children’s health outcomes. Using current assessment methodologies, public health and chemical management decisionmakers face challenges in evaluating and anticipating the potential impacts of exposure to chemicals on children’s health in the broader context of their physical (built and natural) and social environments. Here, we consider a systems approach to address the complexity of children’s environmental health and the role of exposure to chemicals during early life, in the context of nonchemical stressors, on health outcomes. By advancing the tools for integrating this more complex information, the scope of considerations that support chemical management decisions can be extended to include holistic impacts on children’s health.
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Lu X, Fraszczyk E, van der Meer TP, van Faassen M, Bloks VW, Kema IP, van Beek AP, Li S, Franke L, Westra HJ, Xu X, Huo X, Snieder H, Wolffenbuttel BHR, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV. An epigenome-wide association study identifies multiple DNA methylation markers of exposure to endocrine disruptors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106016. [PMID: 32916427 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may play an important role in the epidemic of metabolic diseases. Epigenetic alterations may functionally link EDCs with gene expression and metabolic traits. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate metabolic-related effects of the exposure to endocrine disruptors including five parabens, three bisphenols, and 13 metabolites of nine phthalates as measured in 24-hour urine on epigenome-wide DNA methylation. METHODS A blood-based epigenome-wide association study was performed in 622 participants from the Lifelines DEEP cohort using Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 methylation data and EDC excretions in 24-hour urine. Out of the 21 EDCs, 13 compounds were detected in >75% of the samples and, together with bisphenol F, were included in these analyses. Furthermore, we explored the putative function of identified methylation markers and their correlations with metabolic traits. RESULTS We found 20 differentially methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanines (CpGs) associated with 10 EDCs at suggestive p-value < 1 × 10-6, of which four, associated with MEHP and MEHHP, were genome-wide significant (Bonferroni-corrected p-value < 1.19 × 10-7). Nine out of 20 CpGs were significantly associated with at least one of the tested metabolic traits, such as fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood lipids, and/or blood pressure. 18 out of 20 EDC-associated CpGs were annotated to genes functionally related to metabolic syndrome, hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and glycemic traits. CONCLUSIONS The identified DNA methylation markers for exposure to the most common EDCs provide suggestive mechanism underlying the contributions of EDCs to metabolic health. Follow-up studies are needed to unravel the causality of EDC-induced methylation changes in metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Guangdong, China
| | - Eliza Fraszczyk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas P van der Meer
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - André P van Beek
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443 Guangdong, China
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Genomics Coordination Centre, Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Lim YM, Kim H, Lim SK, Yoo J, Lee JY, Eom IC, Yoon BI, Kim P, Yu SD, Shim I. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Toxic Effects of Dodecylguanidine Hydrochloride. TOXICS 2020; 8:E76. [PMID: 32971939 PMCID: PMC7560342 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity profiles of the widely used guanidine-based chemicals have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of eight guanidine-based chemicals, focusing on inhalation toxicity. Among the eight chemicals, dodecylguanidine hydrochloride (DGH) was found to be the most cytotoxic (IC50: 0.39 μg/mL), as determined by the water soluble tetrazolium salts (WST) assay. An acute inhalation study for DGH was conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats at 8.6 ± 0.41, 21.3 ± 0.83, 68.0 ± 3.46 mg/m3 for low, middle, and high exposure groups, respectively. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and cytokines (MIP-2, TGF-β1, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Histopathological examination revealed acute inflammation with necrosis in the nasal cavity and inflammation around terminal bronchioles and alveolar ducts in the lungs after DGH inhalation. The LC50 of DGH in rats after exposure for 4 h was estimated to be >68 mg/m3. Results from the inhalation studies showed that DGH was more toxic in male rats than in female rats. Overall, DGH was found to be the most cytotoxic chemical among guanidine-based chemicals. Exposure to aerosols of DGH could induce harmful pulmonary effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Mi Lim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Haewon Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Seong Kwang Lim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Jean Yoo
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Ig-Chun Eom
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Byung-Il Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Pilje Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Seung-Do Yu
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Ilseob Shim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (Y.-M.L.); (H.K.); (S.K.L.); (J.Y.); (J.-Y.L.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
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Franken R, Kasiotis KM, Tsakirakis AN, Chartzala I, Anastasiadou P, Machera K, Fransman W, Gerritsen-Ebben RM, Spaan S. Experimental Assessment of Inhalation and Dermal Exposure to Chemicals During Industrial or Professional Activities in Relation to the Performance of ECETOC TRA. Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 64:944-958. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
For many work situations only insufficient exposure data are available to perform proper risk assessment. Because measuring worker exposure can be time consuming and resource intense, the availability of reliable exposure models is important when performing risk assessments. However, the development and improvement of exposure models are hampered by scarcity of sound exposure data as well as by lack of information on relevant exposure factors and conditions of exposure. This paper describes a study where inhalation and dermal exposure data were collected under defined conditions. Exposure scenarios examined included tasks that have not been investigated in previous validation studies. The results of these measurements were compared with ECETOC TRA model version 3.1 predictions. In this study, five exposure scenarios were selected, namely ‘use in a closed batch process’ (PROC 4), ‘mixing or blending in a partly open batch process’ (PROC 5), ‘rolling’ (PROC 10), ‘immersion’ (PROC 13), and ‘stirring’ (PROC 19). These PROCs stem from the descriptors that Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals has established to depict the identified uses of chemical substances. These exposure scenarios were selected mainly because little or no data are available for these situations, or ECETOC TRA is likely to underestimate exposure for these situations. Experiments were performed by volunteers for the selected exposure scenarios, in which tasks were performed aiming to represent real workplace situations. In total 70 experiments were performed, during which 70 dermal exposure measurements (5 volunteers × 2 repeats × 7 scenarios) and 32 inhalation exposure measurements (4 volunteers × 2 repeats × 4 scenarios) were collected. Two formulations were used, namely pure Tinopal SWN powder (solid product, a fluorescent tracer) and 0.5% Tinopal SWN dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE). DCE is considered a moderate volatile liquid. For exposure scenarios using the liquid formulation, both inhalation and dermal measurements were performed, while for exposure scenarios using the pure powder only dermal exposure measurements were performed. In addition, photographs were taken under ultraviolet light to qualitatively assess exposure patterns on hands and body. Volunteers repeatedly performed a selection of tasks under standardized conditions in a test chamber for each exposure scenario. Results show that ECETOC TRA overestimated dermal hand exposure for all PROCs included in the study, and was considered to be conservative. Additionally, ECETOC TRA overestimated inhalation exposure for closed and partially closed processes, but underestimated inhalation exposure for rolling and handling of immersed objects. Qualitative assessment of the hands and body showed mainly the hands were exposed for tasks involving closed and partially closed processes and when handling of immersed objects. Exposure to other body segments were also observed for rolling and stirring. In conclusion, this study gave insights into dermal and inhalation exposure levels during selected task scenarios, and showed that ECETOC TRA is conservative when dermal exposure is estimated. Inhalation exposure estimates for PROCs 10 and 13 tasks with the moderate volatility liquid were underestimated in this study. It may be therefore necessary to re-evaluate base model predictions for these scenarios when medium fugacity liquids are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Franken
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development (RAPID), TNO, Princetonlaan, CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos M Kasiotis
- Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos N Tsakirakis
- Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilianna Chartzala
- Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Pelagia Anastasiadou
- Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Machera
- Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Wouter Fransman
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development (RAPID), TNO, Princetonlaan, CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rianda M Gerritsen-Ebben
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development (RAPID), TNO, Princetonlaan, CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Spaan
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development (RAPID), TNO, Princetonlaan, CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Meyer DE, Bailin SC, Vallero D, Egeghy PP, Liu SV, Cohen Hubal EA. Enhancing life cycle chemical exposure assessment through ontology modeling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136263. [PMID: 32050401 PMCID: PMC7453614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In its 2014 report, A Framework Guide for the Selection of Chemical Alternatives, the National Academy of Sciences placed increased emphasis on comparative exposure assessment throughout the life cycle (i.e., from manufacturing to end-of-life) of a chemical. The inclusion of the full life cycle greatly increases the data demands for exposure assessments, including both the quantity and type of data. High throughput tools for exposure estimation add to this challenge by requiring rapid accessibility to data. In this work, ontology modeling was used to bridge the domains of exposure modeling and life cycle inventory modeling to facilitate data sharing and integration. The exposure ontology, ExO, is extended to describe human exposure to consumer products, while an inventory modeling ontology, LciO, is formulated to support automated data mining. The core ontology pieces are connected using a bridging ontology and discussed through a theoretical example to demonstrate how data from LCA can be leveraged to support rapid exposure modeling within a life cycle context.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Meyer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States.
| | - Sidney C Bailin
- Knowledge Evolution, Inc., 1748 Seaton Street NW, Washington, DC 20009, United States
| | - Daniel Vallero
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Durham, NC 27709, United States
| | - Peter P Egeghy
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Durham, NC 27709, United States
| | - Shi V Liu
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Durham, NC 27709, United States
| | - Elaine A Cohen Hubal
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Durham, NC 27709, United States
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Tankiewicz M, Olkowska E, Berg A, Wolska L. Advancement in Determination of Phthalate Metabolites by Gas Chromatography Eliminating Derivatization Step. Front Chem 2020; 7:928. [PMID: 32010672 PMCID: PMC6974799 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to determine polar and thermally unstable phthalate metabolites [monomethyl phthalate-MMP, monoethyl phthalate-MEP, mono-n-butyl phthalate-MnBP, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-MEHP] has been developed. This is the first report presenting the separation of monophthalates without derivatization step and any additional equipment or special injection port. Injection parameters (temperature, pressure, time, and volume of injection), chromatographic separation (retention gap, temperature program), and MS detection/identification (working parameters, ion selection) were investigated. Mechanisms and phenomena occurring under different conditions in the GC injector were evaluated and discussed. The limits of detection (LODs) of MMP, MEP, MnBP, MEHP in the protocol were 0.049, 0.036, 0.038, and 0.029 ng (per 2 μL of injection), respectively. The response of the monophthalates was found to be linear in the tested concentration range (for MMP: 0.15-100 ng, MEP and MnBP: 0.11-100 ng, MEHP: 0.087-100 ng per 2 μL) with the coefficient of determination higher than 0.9817 and inter-day precision in the range of 1.4-5.4%. The developed method is fast, easy and repeatable. Moreover, it allows for the elimination of derivatization agents, reduction of toxic waste production and simplification of analytical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Tankiewicz
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences With Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Olkowska
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences With Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Berg
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences With Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Wolska
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences With Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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