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Firoozabadi A, Razavian Y, Saleh S, Hosseini SR. The comparison of neurocognitive functions between internet-addicted, methamphetamine users, and healthy participants. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2025; 32:914-921. [PMID: 37318541 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2224478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Internet use has grown substantially over the past decade. As a result, individuals are more at risk of developing internet addiction. Studies have shown that internet addiction results in neurocognitive dysfunctions. The current study aimed to compare the cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, and working memory performance of internet-addicted, at-risk internet-addicted individuals and methamphetamine users to healthy participants using the Wisconsin card sorting task, n-back, and Stroop color and word test. The results showed no significant differences between at-risk internet-addicted and internet-addicted with the healthy group in the Wisconsin card sorting task and in the Stroop test. Surprisingly, the mean n-back accuracy was not significantly different between methamphetamine users and the internet-addicted group. The mean n-back accuracy in the internet-addicted group was significantly lower than that of healthy and at-risk internet addicts. In conclusion, working memory can be impaired under the influence of internet addiction. The results can lead to develop possible intervention programs aimed at prevention of internet addiction by helping individuals identify and modify their problematic use habits, reducing internet addiction and improving cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Firoozabadi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yasaman Razavian
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shirin Saleh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Seyed Ruhollah Hosseini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Wang XY, Hu JY, Ge QM, Chen C, Xu SH, Ling Q, Zeng YM, Yao WT, Wei H, Zou J, He LQ, Lou Y, Shao Y. Relationship between adolescent gaming addiction and myopia, ocular surface condition, and health status: a questionnaire based cohort study. Sci Rep 2025; 15:16853. [PMID: 40374701 PMCID: PMC12081934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-96671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 05/17/2025] Open
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between gaming addiction among Chinese adolescents and their myopia, ocular surface conditions, and overall health. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based cohort study included 835 participants aged 13-17, selected from 3300. Tools included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Van Dream Anxiety Scale (VDAS), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-20 (IGD-20). Linear regression, Pearson correlation, and unpaired t-tests were used. Gaming addiction correlated with worsened physical and mental health. Older age and longer gaming duration were linked to higher myopia rates. Males scored higher on HADS, VDAS, IAT, and IGD-20 but lower on SF-36 than females. Myopic gamers had longer gaming durations and higher IAT scores. IGD-20 scores for gamers playing 5-6+ hours daily showed stronger correlations with HADS, VDAS, and OSDI. Online gaming significantly impacts vision, physical and mental health, and ocular surface conditions. Score differences between groups underscore the need for interventions, including mental health support, cognitive-behavioral correction, and preventive eye care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jin-Yu Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian-Ming Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - San-Hua Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wan-Ting Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liang-Qi He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Lou
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Commodari E, Consiglio A, Cannata M, La Rosa VL. Influence of parental mediation and social skills on adolescents' use of online video games for escapism: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2024; 34:1668-1678. [PMID: 39438433 PMCID: PMC11606255 DOI: 10.1111/jora.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of video games among adolescents has raised concerns about their impact on psychological and social development. This study aimed to assess the effects of different types of parental mediation on adolescents' tendency to use video games to avoid negative emotions and determine the relationship between adolescents' interpersonal skills and their reliance on online video games for escapism. Participants were 452 adolescents from 15 middle and high schools. Data on sociodemographic information, gaming habits, parental control of online gaming, interpersonal skills, and reasons for playing online games were also collected. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the data, with online video game escapism as the dependent variable. Results supported the study's hypothesis that both parental mediation and adolescent interpersonal skills significantly predict the use of online video games for escapism. Higher levels of parental monitoring were associated with a lower tendency of adolescents to use video games to escape negative emotions, while parental mediation supporting autonomy showed a similar but weaker protective effect. At the same time, parental monitoring was also found to be associated with lower interpersonal skills, notably higher impulsivity, narcissism, and stress in social situations. In addition, adolescents with higher levels of impulsivity were more likely to use video games for escapism. These findings highlight the importance of balanced parental involvement and the development of adolescents' social skills to mitigate the risks of problematic online gaming. Interventions should promote effective parental mediation strategies and enhance adolescents' interpersonal skills to reduce their tendency to use video games as a coping mechanism for real-life challenges. Effective parental mediation and improved interpersonal skills are critical for promoting healthier gaming habits and reducing adolescent escapism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Commodari
- Department of Educational SciencesUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
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Yu Y, Ng JHY, Li JB, Zhang J, Lau JTF. Cognitive Mechanisms Between Psychosocial Resources and the Behavioral Intention of Professional Help-Seeking for Internet Gaming Disorder Among Chinese Adolescent Gamers: Cross-Sectional Mediation Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e52478. [PMID: 39588703 PMCID: PMC11611788 DOI: 10.2196/52478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a global public health concern for adolescents due to its potential severe negative consequences. Professional help-seeking is important for early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of IGD. However, research on the factors associated with professional help-seeking for IGD as well as relevant mediation mechanisms among adolescents is limited. Objective Based on the stress coping theory, the conservation of resource theory, and behavioral change theories, this study investigated the prevalence and factors influencing the behavioral intention of professional help-seeking for internet gaming disorder (BI-PHSIGD). The research also explored the underlying mechanisms, including psychosocial resources like resilience and social support, perceived resource loss due to reduced gaming time, and self-efficacy, in professional help-seeking among adolescent internet gamers. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among secondary school students who were internet gamers in 2 Chinese cities from October 2019 to January 2020. Data from the full sample (N=1526) and a subsample of 256 IGD cases (according to the 9-item DSM-5 [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition] IGD Checklist) were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors of BI-PHSIGD, while structural equation modeling was performed to test the proposed mediation mechanisms. Results The prevalence of BI-PHSIGD was 54.3% (829/1526) in the full sample and 40.6% (104/256) in the IGD subsample (vs 708/1239, 57.1% among non-IGD cases). In the full sample, psychosocial resources of resilience (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05) and social support (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04) as well as self-efficacy in professional help-seeking (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.49-1.81) were positively associated with BI-PHSIGD, while perceived resource loss due to reduced gaming time was negatively associated with BI-PHSIGD (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98); the positive association between psychosocial resources and BI-PHSIGD was fully mediated via 2 single-mediator indirect paths (via self-efficacy in professional help-seeking alone: effect size=53.4%; indirect effect/total effect=0.10/0.19 and via perceived resource loss due to reduced gaming time alone: effect size=17.8%; indirect effect/total effect=0.03/0.19) and one 2-mediator serial indirect path (first via perceived resource loss due to reduced gaming time then via self-efficacy in professional help-seeking: effect size=4.7%; indirect effect/total effect=0.009/0.19). In the IGD subgroup, a full mediation via self-efficacy in professional help-seeking alone but not the other 2 indirect paths was statistically significant. Conclusions Many adolescent internet gamers, especially those with IGD, were unwilling to seek professional help; as a result, early treatment is often difficult to achieve. To increase BI-PHSIGD, enhancing psychosocial resources such as resilience and social support, perceived resource loss due to reduced gaming time, and self-efficacy in professional help-seeking may be effective. Future longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to confirm and extend the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joyce Hoi-Yuk Ng
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Ji-bin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Tereshchenko SY, Afonicheva KV, Marchenko IV, Shubina MV, Smolnikova MV. Polymorphic variants of the dopamine receptor gene DRD2 (rs6277, rs1800497) in adolescents with problematic video game use. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2024; 28:667-674. [PMID: 40200916 PMCID: PMC11975965 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-24-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2025] Open
Abstract
Problematic video games use, as a specific form of problematic Internet use, is widespread among adolescents and can have negative effects on their mental and somatic well-being. An increasing incidence of addictive video gaming, as well as the overuse of the Internet, among the young population makes the current study of susceptibility factors, including the genetic component, relevant. There has been a number of investigations related to the involvement of gene variants of the neurotransmitter system in the development of Internet addiction, with the results being different for various ethnic groups. The dopamine type 2 receptor gene (DRD2) is one of the candidate genes for susceptibility to video game addiction. The aim of the work was to study polymorphic variants of the dopamine receptor gene DRD2 (rs6277, rs1800497) in Russian adolescents with problematic use of computer video games. A sampling of 407 adolescents aged 14.1 ± 1.8 years was tested, of which 56 (13.8 %) were identified as having problems with the pathological use of video games use based on the GASA scale results. Boys in the sample proved to be addicted to video games more than girls (p = 0.041). As a result of comparing the allele frequency of DRD2 (rs6277), a tendency to a higher frequency of the minor allele T was revealed in the group of adolescents with problematic video game use compared with adolescents without problematic video game use (i. e. 0.563 and 0.466, respectively, p = 0.06). When using the dominant inheritance model, it was revealed that adolescents with problematic use of video games were statistically significantly more likely to carry the T (CT+TT) allele (p = 0.04, OR = 2.14, CI = 1.01-4.53). The T allele DRD2 (rs6277) is associated with low expression of the dopamine receptor D2 and leads to decreasing the density and affinity of extrastriatal dopamine type 2 receptors, which is associated with impaired social communication as well. We suggest that the presence of CT and TT genotypes of rs6277 DRD2 may be a potential risk factor for developing problematic video game use in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yu Tereshchenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North - a separate division of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - K V Afonicheva
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North - a separate division of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - I V Marchenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North - a separate division of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M V Shubina
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North - a separate division of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M V Smolnikova
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North - a separate division of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Yu Y, Wu AMS, Fong VWI, Zhang J, Li JB, Lau JTF. Association Between Internet Gaming Disorder and Suicidal Ideation Mediated by Psychosocial Resources and Psychosocial Problems Among Adolescent Internet Gamers in China: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Serious Games 2024; 12:e48439. [PMID: 39298753 PMCID: PMC11450365 DOI: 10.2196/48439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent internet gaming disorder (IGD) was associated with severe harm, including suicidal ideation. While suicidal ideation was predictive of completed suicides, further research is required to clarify the association between IGD and suicidal ideation among adolescents, as well as the mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the understudied association between IGD and suicidal ideation, as well as novel mechanisms associated with it, among Chinese adolescent internet gamers through psychosocial coping resources and psychosocial problems. METHODS An anonymous, self-administered, cross-sectional survey was conducted among secondary school students who had played internet games in the past year in Guangzhou and Chengdu, China (from October 2019 to January 2020). In total, 1693 adolescent internet gamers were included in this study; the mean age was 13.48 (SD 0.80) years, and 60% (n=1016) were males. IGD was assessed by the 9-item Internet Gaming Disorder Checklist of the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition]), while a single item assessed suicidal ideation: "Have you ever considered committing suicide in the past 12 months?" Univariate and multivariate logistic regression associations were conducted to test the significance and directions of the potential factors for suicidal ideation. The mediation mechanism was examined by structural equation modeling. RESULTS Among all participants, the prevalence of IGD and suicidal ideation was 16.95% (287/1693) and 43.06% (729/1693), respectively. IGD cases were 2.42 times more likely than non-IGD cases to report suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.42, 95% CI 1.73-3.37). Other significant factors of suicidal ideation included psychosocial coping resources (resilience and social support, both adjusted OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98) and psychosocial problems (social anxiety: adjusted OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.09; loneliness, adjusted OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.10-1.16). The association between IGD and suicidal ideation was partially mediated by 3 indirect paths, including (1) the 2-step path that IGD reduced psychosocial coping resources, which in turn increased suicidal ideation; (2) the 2-step path that IGD increased psychosocial problems, which in turn increased suicidal ideation; and (3) the 3-step path that IGD reduced psychosocial coping resources which then increased psychosocial problems, which in turn increased suicidal ideation, with effect sizes of 10.7% (indirect effect/total effect: 0.016/0.15), 30.0% (0.05/0.15), and 13.3% (0.02/0.15), respectively. The direct path remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS IGD and suicidal ideation were alarmingly prevalent. Evidently and importantly, IGD was a significant risk factor for suicidal ideation. The association was partially explained by psychosocial coping resources of resilience and social support and psychosocial problems of social anxiety and loneliness. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the findings. Pilot randomized controlled trials are recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in reducing suicidal ideation by reducing IGD, improving psychosocial coping resources, and reducing psychosocial problems investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Vivian W I Fong
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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She R, Lin J, Wong KM, Yang X. Cognitive-behavioral statuses in depression and internet gaming disorder of adolescents: A transdiagnostic approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304715. [PMID: 38990809 PMCID: PMC11239029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the comorbidity of adolescent depression and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and their shared and unique cognitive-behavioral factors (i.e., self-esteem, dysfunctional attitudes, hopelessness, and coping), a large-scale school-based survey was conducted among 3147 Chinese secondary school students in Hong Kong. Probable depression and IGD were screened using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale and DSM-5 IGD checklist, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the associations between different condition statuses and cognitive-behavioral factors. Four groups were identified, including comorbidity group (having probable depression and IGD), IGD group (having probable IGD alone), depression group (probable depression alone), and healthy group (neither condition). Comorbidity group showed the worst cognitive-behavioral statuses, followed by depression group and then IGD group. Compared with healthy group, those with lower self-esteem and higher hopelessness and dysfunctional attitudes were more likely to be classified into depression group and comorbidity group, while maladaptive coping was positively associated with all three disorder groups. The results suggest that depression and IGD may share common cognitive-behavioral mechanisms (e.g., maladaptive coping) but also own their uniqueness regarding specific factors (e.g., hopelessness and self-esteem). A transdiagnostic intervention approach targeting the common factors may effectively address the comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui She
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaxi Lin
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kei Man Wong
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Huot-Lavoie M, Desmeules C, Corbeil O, Béchard L, Brodeur S, Essiambre AM, Thériault C, Anderson E, Bachand L, Haider ZAA, Abdel-Baki A, Khazaal Y, Giroux I, Demers MF, Roy MA. Impact of gaming disorder on first episode psychosis patients' evolution: Protocol for a multicentered prospective study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:439-445. [PMID: 38059702 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study is to underline the impact of Gaming Disorder on the clinical evolution of patients with First Episode Psychosis. The specific aims of the study are to determine the prevalence of gaming disorder among those patients and assess the consequences of gaming on their clinical trajectory. METHODS This is a prospective multicenter cohort study that will enrol 800 patients diagnosed with a first episode psychosis, with a follow-up period of up to 3 years. Using a systematic screening procedure for gaming disorder, the clinical staff will assess patients gaming habits at admission and every 6 months thereafter. Information from patients' medical records will also be extracted using the same timeframe. RESULTS The patients' characteristics at admission and during follow-up will be presented in the form of descriptive statistics and compared between different subgroups of patients using uni- and multivariate logistic regression models. Repeated measures ANCOVA will also be performed to analyse the impact of gaming disorders on patients' clinical path as assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale, considering covariates such as psychiatric diagnosis, pharmacological treatment, age, sex/gender, and duration of untreated psychosis. CONCLUSION These findings will guide the development of prevention, detection, and treatment strategies for the comorbidity between gaming disorder and first episode psychosis, ultimately improving the patients' recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Huot-Lavoie
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Desmeules
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Service de médecine des addictions, Lausanne University Hospital Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Corbeil
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurent Béchard
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Brodeur
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Essiambre
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantale Thériault
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Anderson
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lauryann Bachand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Amal Abdel-Baki
- Centre Québécois d'Excellence pour la Prévention et le Traitement du Jeu, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique JAP, Montreal University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Giroux
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-France Demers
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Roy
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la capitale nationale, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Paschke K, Thomasius R. [Digital media use and mental health in adolescents-a narrative review]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:456-464. [PMID: 38427080 PMCID: PMC10995066 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The opportunities and hazards of digital media, especially with regard to children and adolescents, are currently the subject of frequent family, school, and social debates.Digital platforms can support the accomplishment of adolescent developmental tasks through gaming and social exchange as well as communication and contact promotion, learning, and health promotion, and are widely used for entertainment. In Germany, almost all adolescents own a smartphone. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an intensification of the use of digital games, social media, and streaming offers by adolescents was observed. Exposure to age-uncensored content such as the depiction of violence, extreme political views, and conspiracy theories, as well as personal attacks through cyberbullying, unfiltered initiation of contact including cybergrooming, dysfunctional role models, and addiction-promoting aspects are associated with mental health risks.Cyberbullying affects about 5% of children and adolescents in Germany. A bidirectional relationship with mental health could be shown. The gaming disorder is the first digital media use disorder (DMUD) that has been included in the ICD-11 and thus internationally recognized as a mental illness. Adolescents are affected disproportionately often and experience impairments in their mental development and levels of functioning.Services are available to promote adolescent media literacy, and their expansion, structured application, and evaluation are needed. Evidence-based prevention and treatment options for DMUD are currently largely lacking. Their development, review, and dissemination should be further supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Paschke
- Deutsches Zentrum für Suchtfragen des Kindes- und Jugendalters (DZSKJ), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- Deutsches Zentrum für Suchtfragen des Kindes- und Jugendalters (DZSKJ), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
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10
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Aragay N, Vallès V, Ramos-Grille I, Garrido G, Grimalt EG, Miranda Ruiz E, Jovell-Fernández E. Differences in Screen Addiction in the Past 15 Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:1. [PMID: 38276790 PMCID: PMC10815312 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has become widespread in recent years, leading to an increase in addiction cases. A total of 118 patients who attended the Behavioral Addictions Unit of Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (Barcelona, Spain) between October 2005 and December 2021 were included in the study. The sample was divided into three groups according to the time period in which they started treatment: between 2005 and 2010 (before the rise in new technologies, named the pre-ICT period), between 2011 and 2019 (a time of major ICT development, named the ICT period) and between 2020 and 2021 (with massive use of the internet due to effects of the pandemic, named the COVID-19 period). We found an increase in the incidence of screen addiction cases related to the development of technology throughout the study years, and this increase was accentuated during the COVID-19 period. This increase was not equal for all types of content consumed via the internet, with patients with video game addiction increasing to a greater extent than patients with internet/social network addiction. In addition, patients with video game addiction were younger and had started gaming at a younger age than those with internet/social network addiction. These results contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of technology addiction and to the design of appropriate treatment protocols and preventive programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Aragay
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
| | - Vicenç Vallès
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain;
| | - Irene Ramos-Grille
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
| | - Gemma Garrido
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Community Rehabilitation Service, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Enric Gamundi Grimalt
- Hematological Cytology, Pathological Anatomy Service, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Elena Miranda Ruiz
- Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain;
| | - Esther Jovell-Fernández
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
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Hong SJ, Lee D, Park J, Kim T, Jung YC, Shon YM, Kim IY. Severity identification for internet gaming disorder using heart rate variability reactivity for gaming cues: a deep learning approach. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1231045. [PMID: 38025469 PMCID: PMC10662324 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1231045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diminished executive control along with cue-reactivity has been suggested to play an important role in addiction. Hear rate variability (HRV), which is related to the autonomic nervous system, is a useful biomarker that can reflect cognitive-emotional responses to stimuli. In this study, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) subjects' autonomic response to gaming-related cues was evaluated by measuring HRV changes in exposure to gaming situation. We investigated whether this HRV reactivity can significantly classify the categorical classification according to the severity of IGD. Methods The present study included 70 subjects and classified them into 4 classes (normal, mild, moderate and severe) according to their IGD severity. We measured HRV for 5 min after the start of their preferred Internet game to reflect the autonomic response upon exposure to gaming. The neural parameters of deep learning model were trained using time-frequency parameters of HRV. Using the Class Activation Mapping (CAM) algorithm, we analyzed whether the deep learning model could predict the severity classification of IGD and which areas of the time-frequency series were mainly involved. Results The trained deep learning model showed an accuracy of 95.10% and F-1 scores of 0.995 (normal), 0.994 (mild), 0.995 (moderate), and 0.999 (severe) for the four classes of IGD severity classification. As a result of checking the input of the deep learning model using the CAM algorithm, the high frequency (HF)-HRV was related to the severity classification of IGD. In the case of severe IGD, low frequency (LF)-HRV as well as HF-HRV were identified as regions of interest in the deep learning model. Conclusion In a deep learning model using the time-frequency HRV data, a significant predictor of IGD severity classification was parasympathetic tone reactivity when exposed to gaming situations. The reactivity of the sympathetic tone for the gaming situation could predict only the severe group of IGD. This study suggests that the autonomic response to the game-related cues can reflect the addiction status to the game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jun Hong
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokjong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsick Park
- Division of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyung Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Jung
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Shon
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Deng AP, Wang C, Cai J, Deng ZY, Mu YF, Song HJ, Meng YJ, Meng XD, Huang XH, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhang W, Chen J, Ran MS. Effects of internet addiction and academic satisfaction on mental health among college students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1243619. [PMID: 37953935 PMCID: PMC10639123 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1243619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Internet addiction (IA) among students, worsened by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has become a social problem with the digitalization of school learning and many aspects of daily life. However, few studies on IA have been conducted among students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. Method This large-sample, cross-sectional, online survey was conducted to explore the characteristics of IA and the association among IA, academic satisfaction, and mental health problems from December 14, 2022 to February 28, 2023 in Sichuan, China. All participants (N = 22,605) were students in colleges and universities, recruited via their teachers and professors. Results Of all the participants, 14,921 (66.0%) participants had IA. Participants with IA were more likely to have depression symptom, anxiety symptom, insomnia, and lifetime suicidal ideation. In addition, participants with severe IA had significantly higher rates of mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal ideation) than those with mild IA. A significant IA-by-academic satisfactory-interaction on mental health was identified: participants with higher level of IA showed particularly severe symptom of depression, anxiety and insomnia when affected by low satisfactory of academy (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study reveals that IA has a significantly negative impact on mental health among college students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. IA and academic satisfaction have interactive impacts on mental health problems among students. Further educational and health policies and psychosocial interventions should be developed to reduce IA and enhance academic satisfaction for improving students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ping Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Yue Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Mu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Jun Song
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Jing Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-Dong Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Hua Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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Mestre-Bach G, Potenza MN. Neuroimaging correlates of internet gaming disorder: Can we achieve the promise of translating understandings of brain functioning into clinical advances? CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ADDICTION 2023; 14:7-17. [PMID: 38371925 PMCID: PMC10871672 DOI: 10.1097/cxa.0000000000000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Here we aimed to consider the neural factors associated with internet gaming disorder (IGD), as well as the associations between these factors and existing treatments for the disorder. Methods A narrative review was conducted. Results Pharmacological as well as psychological treatments for IGD may be associated with specific changes in multiple brain areas and circuits. In particular, fronto-striatal and subcortical regions and pathways appear relevant to IGD and its treatment. Conclusions Neuroimaging holds promise for identifying specific mechanisms underlying IGD interventions. However, to date, firm conclusions are difficult to draw and more research examining neural mechanisms of empirically supported treatments for IGD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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14
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Pérez‐Sáenz J, Ortuño‐Sierra J, Pérez‐Albéniz A, Mason O, Fonseca‐Pedrero E. Problematic Internet Use in adolescents: New psychometric evidence for the Spanish short form of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3133. [PMID: 37533174 PMCID: PMC10498087 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has become a worldwide problem in recent years. Among screening instruments for PIU, the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) is perhaps the most widely used. Psychometric properties of the full CIUS are not convincing, however, and the short form (CIUS-S) has shown promising results, albeit limited to the English version, with little evidence in Spanish. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the psychometric properties of the CIUS-S scores in a large sample of Spanish adolescents. METHOD The sample consisted of 1790 participants, 816 male (45.6%), 961 female (53.7%), and 13 other (0.7%) . Mean age was 15.70 years (SD = 1.26). RESULTS The five-items one-dimensional model displayed appropriate goodness-of-fit indices. Strong measurement invariance model across age and partial across gender was found. Furthermore, the CIUS-S was positively associated with several indicators of poor well-being and mental health, and negatively associated with prosocial behavior, self-esteem, and feeling of belonging. CONCLUSION Overall, the CIUS-S scores appear reliable and valid in its Spanish version for adolescent populations, supporting its aim to detect and prevent a problem that has become a major worldwide issue in the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pérez‐Sáenz
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Javier Ortuño‐Sierra
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Alicia Pérez‐Albéniz
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Oliver Mason
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
| | - Eduardo Fonseca‐Pedrero
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
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15
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Idris MF, Saini SM, Sharip S, Idris NF, Ab Aziz NF. Association between the Internet Gaming Disorder and Anxiety and Depression among University Students during COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081103. [PMID: 37107937 PMCID: PMC10137792 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Internet gaming is now a major concern since its overuse has had a detrimental impact on people's well-being. This study aims to investigate the association between Internet Gaming Disorder and depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as gaming elements during the COVID-19 pandemic, among university students. Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 213 students from two different institutions who were randomly selected. The participants were required to complete three sets of online questionnaires via Google Forms. The online questionnaire consists of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGD9-SF) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: The prevalence rate of IGD among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic was 9.86%. Bivariate analysis revealed biological sex (p-value = 0.011), preferred gaming platforms (p-value = <0.001), game gameplay (p-value = 0.03), history of substance use (p-value = <0.001), and stress (p-value = <0.001) to be associated with IGD. Meanwhile, binary logistic regression demonstrated that males have a higher risk of developing IGD compared with females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.426, p-value 0.015, CI = 1.27-9.21). Students who used consoles as their preferred gaming platform were 13 times more likely to develop IGD in comparison to another platform (AOR = 13.031, p-value = 0.010, 95% CI = 1.87-91.02). Extensive gaming duration of more than 4 h a day showed a higher risk of developing IGD (AOR = 8.929, p-value 0.011, CI = 1.659-48.050). High-stress levels significantly increased the risk of IGD (AOR = 13.729, p-value = 0.001, 95% CI = 2.81-67.1). Conclusion: The prevalence of IGD among university students was high during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, interventions for reducing stress among university students should be implemented to reduce the risk of IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fariz Idris
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Jalan Langat, Klang 41200, Malaysia
| | - Suriati Mohamed Saini
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Shalisah Sharip
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Farahaizan Idris
- Polytechnic Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, Persiaran Usahawan, Shah Alam 40150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fadilah Ab Aziz
- Faculty of Engineering, Tenaga Nasional University, Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
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16
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Symptoms of internet gaming disorder and depression in Chinese adolescents: A network analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 322:115097. [PMID: 36822036 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate comorbidity among symptoms of depression and internet gaming disorder (IGD) utilizing symptom network analysis in a sample of Chinese adolescents. A total of 1,362 Chinese adolescents (Mean age = 15.19 ± 1.67; range 13-21; 39.79% female, 56.02% male, 4.19% not disclosed) were recruited from 11 local secondary schools between June and July 2020. Symptoms of depression and IGD were assessed by the 7-item DASS-21 depression subscale and the 9-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. We conducted network analysis to estimate network models and the most central symptoms of depression and IGD and computed a combined network model of both depression and IGD symptoms to find bridge symptoms and illustrate the comorbidity between depression and IGD. We found that feeling 'Worthless', 'Meaningless', and 'Down-hearted' were identified as the most central symptoms of depression, whereas 'Preoccupation' and 'Tolerance' were the two most central symptoms of IGD. The bridge symptoms in the combined network model were 'Gaming for escape or mood relief' from the IGD cluster and 'No initiative' and 'Down-hearted" from the depression cluster. The current study was the first to investigate the relationship between depression and IGD symptoms among adolescents utilizing a symptom network perspective. Also, it highlighted key bridge symptoms in understanding how IGD and depression contribute to each other.
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Ricci V, De Berardis D, Maina G, Martinotti G. Internet Gaming Disorders and Early Onset Psychosis in Young People: A Case Study and Clinical Observations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3920. [PMID: 36900931 PMCID: PMC10001817 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last ten years, the video game industry has grown exponentially, involving about 2.5 billion young adults in the world. The estimated global prevalence of gaming addiction has been reported to be 3.5% ranging from 0.21% to 57.5% in the general population. Moreover, during the recent COVID-19 pandemic period, school closures and stay-at-home measures have also further increased the opportunities for prolonged and intensified playing of video games. Little is known about the relationship between IGD and psychosis, and the literature is still scarce. Some characteristics of patients with psychosis, particularly those with a first-episode psychosis (FEP), may suggest that these individuals would be particularly liable to develop IGD. CASE PRESENTATION We report two cases of young patients with to Internet gaming disorder, experiencing early onset psychosis treated with antipsychotic therapy. CONCLUSION Although it is difficult to show the specific mechanisms underlying the psychopathological alterations in IGD, it is clear that excessive exposure to video games could be a risk factor for precipitating psychosis especially in a vulnerable age group such as adolescence. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of a higher risk of psychotic onset associated specifically with gaming disorders in very young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Ricci
- San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Domenico De Berardis
- NHS, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service for Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, ASL 4, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maina
- San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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18
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Morningness-Eveningness and Problematic Online Activities. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Online activities and problematic online behaviors have recently emerged as important research topics. However, only a few studies have explored the possible associations between these behaviors and morningness-eveningness. The authors examined whether eveningness predicts these distinct problematic online behaviors differently and directly or via mediators. The associations between eveningness and three different problematic online behaviors (problematic Internet use, problematic online gaming, and problematic social media use) were explored among a large sample of Hungarian young adults (N = 1729, 57.2% female, Mage = 22.01, SDage = 1.97) by using a self-report survey. Depression and the time spent engaging in online activities were assessed as possible mediators. The effects of age and sex were controlled for. Using structural equation modeling, the results supported the association between eveningness and the higher risk for all three problematic online behaviors and highlighted that these associations were mediated by depressive mood and time spent on the activities. In addition, eveningness also predicted PIU directly. Eveningness is a risk factor for problematic online behaviors not only because of the higher amount of time spent on the activities but also because of the worse mood associated with eveningness. The results highlight that it is important to examine the different types of online activity separately and explore the role of diverse risk factors, among them morningness-eveningness.
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Yilmaz R, Sulak S, Griffiths MD, Yilmaz FGK. An Exploratory Examination of the Relationship Between Internet Gaming Disorder, Smartphone Addiction, Social Appearance Anxiety and Aggression Among Undergraduate Students. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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20
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Uzun Çakir AD, Çakir B, Bilaç Ö, Yalin Sapmaz Ş, Kandemir H. Clinical Practices and Experiences about Screen Time: From the Perspective of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists in Turkey - An Online Survey. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2023; 11:27-33. [PMID: 37082429 PMCID: PMC10111206 DOI: 10.2478/sjcapp-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both mental and physical preventable health problems related to screen time (ST) in children and adolescents are increasing. It is important that psychiatrists have awareness to prevent problems in this area. Objective The aim of our study was to evaluate the child psychiatrists' awareness about ST, their interventions for ST, and to what extent the recommendations of the associations are implemented. Method All child and adolescent psychiatrists in the country who could be reached via smartphone were invited to participate in the study. Child and adolescent psychiatrists were included regardless of whether they had attended any ST courses/panels. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. A total of 302 physicians volunteered for the study. Results It was determined that very few child and adolescent psychiatrists had attended an ST course/training in the past or followed any guidelines. A statistically significant difference was found between physicians who received training/courses and those who did not in terms of informing patients and offering interventions (p<0.05). Similarly, a significant difference was found between those who followed the guidelines and those who did not. Conclusion Raising awareness, increasing psychiatrist participation in trainings, and following guidelines can increase the effectiveness of ST interventions, in order to achieve good results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Burak Çakir
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, UşakTurkey
| | - Öznur Bilaç
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Magnesia ad Sipylum, UşakTurkey
| | - Şermin Yalin Sapmaz
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Magnesia ad Sipylum, UşakTurkey
| | - Hasan Kandemir
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Magnesia ad Sipylum, UşakTurkey
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21
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Eye problems and musculoskeletal pain in Pokémon Go players. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19315. [PMID: 36369515 PMCID: PMC9652395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals benefit from Pokémon Go (PG) gaming because this mobile augmented reality geolocation video game provides an attractive opportunity to increase physical activity outdoors and socialize. However, based on gaming and electronic media studies, intense involvement with PG is likely related to adverse phenomena, such as arm pain or eye-related problems. We aimed to test how PG use (problematic vs. non-problematic gaming and gaming time) is related to physical symptoms (pain in three body regions and computer vision syndrome). To dissect game-specific effects, we controlled for general problematic smartphone use, phubbing, and electronic media usage. PG players (N = 455) completed an online survey. We found that PG players with problematic game use reported more pain and vision problems. Problematic PG use was a better predictor of physical symptoms than PG gaming time and variables related to electronic media use. Problematic PG use and problematic smartphone use were correlated but independent predictors of physical symptoms. We conclude that the type of participation rather than the time spent playing predicts poorer physical health among PG players.
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22
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Huot-Lavoie M, Gabriel-Courval M, Béchard L, Corbeil O, Brodeur S, Massé C, Fournier É, Essiambre AM, Anderson E, Cayouette A, Giroux I, Khazaal Y, Demers MF, Roy MA. Gaming Disorder and Psychotic Disorders: A Scoping Review. Psychopathology 2022; 56:315-323. [PMID: 36318899 DOI: 10.1159/000527143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of video games in the clinical field, given that their excessive use could be associated with health issues. Particularly, gaming disorder (GD) is considered as an addictive behavioral disorder. Clinicians widely recognize the comorbidity of gaming and psychotic disorders (PDs). Furthermore, association between addictive (i.e., substance use disorders) and PDs are well recognized by clinicians. It seems of high interest to explore GD among people with PDs. To this day, little is known about the consequences of GD in vulnerable populations. OBJECTIVES The aim of this scoping review was to summarize the available research on the comorbidity between GD and PD and to identify the knowledge gaps in this field. METHODS We used Levac's six-stage methodology for scoping review. Two-hundred and forty-two articles from seven databases were identified. Eight articles respected our inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS No available study has assessed the prevalence or incidence of GD among patients with PDs. The cases reported highlight the possibility that excessive video gameplay or abrupt gaming disruption could trigger psychosis in some patients. CONCLUSION The results highlight a significant lack of knowledge concerning PDs associated with GD as only a few reported cases and one empirical study exposed the potential association between those conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Huot-Lavoie
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mina Gabriel-Courval
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Béchard
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Corbeil
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Brodeur
- Department of Psychiatry et Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Massé
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Émilien Fournier
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Giroux
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre québécois d'excellence pour la prévention et le traitement du jeu (CQEPTJ), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospitals, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-France Demers
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Roy
- CERVO Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry et Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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23
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Lee HJ, Morrell HER, Lee KJ. Development and Psychometric Validation of a Novel Self-Report Measure of ICD-11 Gaming Disorder. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:649-656. [PMID: 36099184 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Video game use is associated with addiction-like behaviors in 6 to 15.6 percent of video game players. There were no formal diagnostic criteria for video game addiction until gaming disorder (GD) was added to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition (ICD-11), and there are no published instruments designed to diagnose GD. The aims of the current study were to develop a self-report measure of GD (using the Lee Morrell Gaming Disorder Questionnaire [LMGDQ]) and test its factor structure, reliability, validity, and relationships with participant demographic characteristics. Participants included 3,481 adult video game players (M = 25.08, SD = 7.02; 79.8 percent cisgender male; 77.4 percent Caucasian) who completed an online survey. Factor analyses suggested retaining 14 items and indicated the presence of two factors. The scale had excellent reliability (α = 0.919), and LMGDQ scores were positively correlated with existing scales measuring problematic video game use as well as video game use and age, p values <0.01. Participants who were Asian and Asian American, cisgender men, single and dating, unemployed, had completed some high school or their GED, and who played massively multiplayer online role-playing games the most reported significantly greater LMGDQ scores, p values <0.05. Results suggest that the LMGDQ is a psychometrically sound and valid measure of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Lee
- Booth Wellness Center, Utah Tech University, St. George, Utah, USA
| | | | - Kevin J Lee
- Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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24
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Ünal E, Gökler ME, Turan Ş. An Evaluation of the Factors Related to Internet Gaming Disorder in Young Adults. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2022; 14:279-287. [PMID: 37559796 PMCID: PMC10408751 DOI: 10.34172/ahj.2022.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Game addiction is a growing problem all over the world. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and psychological, social, and behavioral effects of internet gaming disorder (IGD) on young adults. METHODS A preliminary study was conducted and the game types most commonly played on the internet were determined. Then, approximately 60 gaming site managers were contacted. After obtaining consent, the questionnaires were sent to gaming site members and they were asked to complete the questionnaires. Data were collected through a sociodemographic form, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). FINDINGS The study was conducted with 613 participants. The age of the participants ranged from 15 to 30 years, with a mean age of 20.80±4.63 years. The prevalence of IGD was 10% (n=67). Those with low-income families and low academic performance were identified as more likely to develop IGD. Moreover, IGD was revealed to be more likely in individuals with fewer close friends, playing games from an early age, and those with a habit of devoting extensive time to watching online game videos on Twitch or YouTube. In addition, the risk of gaming disorder was approximately two times higher in individuals who preferred First Person Shooter (FPS) games and Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG). CONCLUSION The results of this study could be useful for estimating the level of IGD and carrying out more comprehensive studies to possibly be able to control IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egemen Ünal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Enes Gökler
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şenol Turan
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Pattanaseri K, Atsariyasing W, Pornnoppadol C, Sanguanpanich N, Srifuengfung M. Mental problems and risk factors for depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30629. [PMID: 36197195 PMCID: PMC9508947 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of depression is high among medical students and several mental problems are identified as risk factors. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes difficulties that could adversely affect mental health. However, data concerning prevalence of mental problems, and whether or not these problems remain risk factors for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical students are scarce. To investigate the prevalence of depression, social media addiction, game addiction, sleep quality, eating disorder risk, and perceived stress among Thai medical students, risk factors for depression were investigated. Online surveys via our faculty's learning portals were advertized to medical students who engaged online learning and 224 respondents provided complete data. Study-related medical students' data were collected using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, the Social-Media Addiction Screening Scale for social media addiction, the Game Addiction Screening Test for game addiction, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality, the Eating Attitudes Test for eating disorder risk, and the Perceived Stress Scale for perceived stress. Depression was reported in 35.7% of medical students, social-media addiction in 22.3%, game addiction in 4.5%, eating disorder risk in 4.9%, poor sleep quality in 80.8%, and moderate-to-high perceived stress in 71.4%. The independent predictors of depression were lower grade point average, social media addiction, and moderate-to-high perceived stress. A high prevalence of depression, stress, and poor sleep was found among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical students who are stressed, have lower grades, and/or who are addicted to social media warrant depression screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerati Pattanaseri
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanlop Atsariyasing
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanvit Pornnoppadol
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naratip Sanguanpanich
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maytinee Srifuengfung
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Maytinee Srifuengfung, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand (e-mail: )
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26
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Tang KTY, Hodgins DC, Schluter MG. Attachment, Emotion Dysregulation, and Video Game Play: Testing the Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation in Gaming Disorder. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Modern technology rewards constant engagement and discourages sparing use, opening the door to unhealthy use and even addiction. The technological addictions (TAs) are a newly described set of disorders that come with the technological advances that define the new era. Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is already codified as a proposed diagnosis in the 5th Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association. Others, such as social media addiction (SMA), are in the earlier stages of our understanding. This article provides an overview of the more common TAs including their evaluation and treatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Sherer
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 462 1st Avenue, #NB20N11, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Petros Levounis
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 357 West 29th Street, #3A, New York, NY 10001, USA
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28
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Greenberg NR, Zhai ZW, Hoff RA, Krishnan-Sarin S, Potenza MN. An exploratory study of problematic shopping and problematic video gaming in adolescents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272228. [PMID: 35947621 PMCID: PMC9365157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Problematic video gaming (PVG) and problematic shopping (PS) are addictive behaviors prevalent in adolescents, characterized by positive and negative reinforcement, and associated with psychosocial impairment. This study examined how PS and PVG relate in adolescents. It also examined how PS interacts with PVG in relation to health/functioning measures. Survey data from 3,657 Connecticut high-school students were evaluated. Chi-square analyses and logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between PS and measures of PVG. Interaction analyses measured effects of PS on relationships between PVG and health/functioning measures. Relative to adolescents without PS, those with PS had 8.79-fold higher odds of exhibiting PVG and were more likely to endorse gaming to relieve anxiety and impairment due to gaming. Interaction analyses revealed that in adolescents with PS, the relationships between PVG and aggressive behaviors, including fighting, serious fighting leading to physical injury, and weapon-carrying, were stronger than in adolescents without PS. PS strongly relates to PVG, and among youth reporting PS, there are stronger associations between PVG and aggressive behaviors. Prevention efforts for adolescents should consider the co-occurrence of PS and PVG. PS and PVG may be linked by negative reinforcement and propensities for aggressive and addictive behaviors, suggesting that further research should explore possible interventions targeting stress management and maladaptive coping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zu Wei Zhai
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rani A. Hoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States of America
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Tereshchenko S, Kasparov E, Semenova N, Shubina M, Gorbacheva N, Novitckii I, Moskalenko O, Lapteva L. Generalized and Specific Problematic Internet Use in Central Siberia Adolescents: A School-Based Study of Prevalence, Age-Sex Depending Content Structure, and Comorbidity with Psychosocial Problems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7593. [PMID: 35805263 PMCID: PMC9265954 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We aimed to assess the prevalence, content structure and, psychological comorbidity of PIU in Russian adolescents. In addition, the design of our research provided an opportunity to compare demographic and psychological patterns of different forms of PIU: generalized (PIUgen) and specific problematic video game use (PUgame), as well as problematic social media use (PUsocial). METHODS This is a one-stage cross-sectional observational study of school sampling in three major Siberian cities. A total of 4514 schoolchildren aged 12-18 (mean age 14.52 ± 1.52 years) were surveyed. The Chen Internet Addiction Scale, the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents, and the Social Media Disorder Scale were used to identify PIU and its types. RESULTS The prevalence of PIUgen among adolescents in Central Siberia was 7.2%; the prevalence of PUgame was 10.4%; the prevalence of PUsocial was 8.0%. The results of structural equation modelling, as well as the correlation analysis data, suggest two possible patterns of psychosocial problems with PIU-the first one is characteristic of both PIUgen and PUsocial. The second one-which is significantly different-is characteristic of PUgame. CONCLUSIONS Urban adolescents in Central Siberia do not differ significantly from their Asian and European peers. Our findings support the concept of rejecting the term "generalized PIU" as a single psychological construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Tereshchenko
- Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.K.); (N.S.); (M.S.); (N.G.); (I.N.); (O.M.); (L.L.)
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30
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Yu Y, Mo PK, Zhang J, Li J, Lau JT. Maladaptive cognitions, loneliness, and social anxiety as potential moderators of the association between Internet gaming time and Internet gaming disorder among adolescent Internet gamers in China. Addict Behav 2022; 129:107239. [PMID: 35092885 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The significance of Internet gaming time's dosage effect on Internet gaming disorder (IGD) may depend on gamers' characteristics. Majority of the gamers with extensive gaming time do not develop IGD. This study investigated moderation effects of cognitive/psychosocial factors on the association between Internet gaming time and probable IGD among adolescent Internet gamers in China. The cross-sectional, self-administered, and anonymous survey was conducted from October to December of 2018 among seven conveniently selected secondary school students in Chengdu and Guangzhou, China. Probable IGD was measured by using the DSM-5 checklist. The cognitive/psychosocial moderators were assessed by using validated instruments. Of the 2,503 students who had played Internet games (past 12 months), the prevalence of probable IGD was 17.7%. Internet gaming time [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 1.06], the three maladaptive cognitions specific to Internet gaming (perceived overvaluation of rewards, perceived urges, and perceived unwillingness to stop playing) (ORa = 1.17 to 1.44), and the two types of psychosocial factors (loneliness and social anxiety) (ORa = 1.09 to 1.13) were independent risk factors of probable IGD. Moderation analyses showed that overall maladaptive cognitions, perceived urges, and loneliness (but not the other two types of cognitions and social anxiety) were significant moderators of the association between Internet gaming time and probable IGD. The dose-effect relationship of Internet gaming time on probable IGD was significantly and slightly stronger among those with higher levels of perceived urges and loneliness. Interventions to reduce the levels of such moderators may reduce probable IGD directly and buffer the dosage effect among adolescents.
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31
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Wan L, Zha R, Ren J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Zuo H, Zhang X. Brain morphology, harm avoidance, and the severity of excessive internet use. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3176-3183. [PMID: 35332975 PMCID: PMC9188967 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the previous studies have mainly focused on the reward system and the corresponding brain regions, the relationship between brain morphology and excessive internet use (EIU) were not clear; the purpose of the study was to investigate if the brain regions other than the reward system were associated with EIU. Data were acquired from 131 excessive internet users. Psychological measures included internet use, life quality, personality, mental illness symptoms, impulsivity, and thought suppression. The brain was scanned with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and six types of brain morphological indexes were calculated. Lasso regression methods were used to select the predictors. Stepwise linear regression methods were used to build the models and verify the model. The variables remaining in the model were left precentral (curve), left superior temporal (surface area), right cuneus (folding index), right rostral anterior cingulate (folding index), and harm avoidance. The independent variable was the EIU score of the worst week in the past year. The study found that the brain morphological indexes other than the reward system, including the left precentral (curve), the left superior temporal (surface area), the right cuneus (folding index), and the right rostral anterior cingulate (folding index), can predict the severity of EIU, suggesting an extensive change in the brain. In this study, a whole‐brain data analysis was conducted and it was concluded that the changes in certain brain regions were more predictive than the reward system and psychological measures or more important for EIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hefei, China.,Anhui Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Rujing Zha
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiecheng Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huilin Zuo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China.,National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei, China
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32
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Cankurtaran F, Menevşe O, Namlı A, Kızıltoprak HŞ, Altay S, Duran M, Demir EB, Şahan AA, Ekşi C. The impact of digital game addiction on musculoskeletal system of secondary school children. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:153-159. [PMID: 35170440 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_177_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The widespread use of digital devices causes adolescents to spend long periods of time in front of the screen. Aims This study aimed to analyze the impacts of digital game addiction on the musculoskeletal system of secondary school children in Kayseri. Patients and Methods A total of 1000 healthy children have been included. A questionnaire, which has been prepared by the researchers and questions children's socio-demographic knowledge, sport habits, durations of study, types of digital tools they use to play games, using positions and durations of use, has been applied to the children. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain intensity. Game addiction has been evaluated through Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children. Results Between computer and phone use and neck pain, a significant correlation has been found (P < 0.05). Between game addiction and wrist, back and low back pain, a significant correlation has been detected. While males use more computer, tablet and are more addicted to games, the scores of head, wrist and back pain in females have been found out to be significantly high. Conclusions As they cause musculoskeletal problems, the higher the time children consume in front of digital devices and the more they use it in wrong posture; the more the complaints about pain are.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cankurtaran
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - O Menevşe
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A Namlı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Ş Kızıltoprak
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - S Altay
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - M Duran
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - E B Demir
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A A Şahan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - C Ekşi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Sexual Differences in Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD): From Psychological Features to Neuroanatomical Networks. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11041018. [PMID: 35207293 PMCID: PMC8877403 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been included in the 2013 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a condition in need of further study, and gaming disorder was recognized by the World Health Organization as a mental disorder in the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) of 2018. IGD has different characteristics in the two sexes and is more prevalent in males than females. However, even if the female gamer population is constantly growing, the majority of available studies analyzed only males, or the data were not analyzed by sex. To better elucidate sex differences in IGD, we selectively reviewed research publications that evaluated IGD separately for males and females collected in approximately one hundred publications over the past 20 years. The available data in this narrative review indicate that IGD is strongly dimorphic by sex for both its psychological features and the involvement of different brain areas. Impulsivity, low self-control, anxiety, emotion dysregulation, and depression are some of the psychological features associated with IGD that show a sex dimorphism. At the same time, IGD and its psychological alterations are strongly correlated to dimorphic functional characteristics in relevant brain areas, as evidenced by fMRI. More research is needed to better understand sex differences in IGD. Animal models could help to elucidate the neurological basis of this disorder.
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Yu Y, Peng L, Mo PKH, Yang X, Cai Y, Ma L, She R, Lau JTF. Association between relationship adaptation and Internet gaming disorder among first-year secondary school students in China: Mediation effects via social support and loneliness. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107166. [PMID: 34782208 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents encounter numerous challenges and need to restructure their social relationships when they enter secondary schools. Relationship adaptation is critical and failure in adaptation may be associated with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). This novel study investigated the association between relationship adaptation and IGD and related mediation mechanisms via social support and loneliness among first-year secondary school students in Shanghai and Xi'an, China in 2018. Of 2573 participants, the prevalence of IGD was 13.1%. Relationship adaptation, social support, and loneliness were all significantly associated with IGD. The association between relationship adaptation and IGD was fully mediated by three indirect paths, including relationship adaptation → social support → IGD (effect size = 35.5%), relationship adaptation → loneliness → IGD (effect size = 34.3%), and relationship adaptation → social support → loneliness → IGD (effect size = 6.1%). In conclusion, the observed high prevalence of IGD among first-year secondary school students in China was associated with poor relationship adaptation. The full mediation effects via social support and loneliness suggest that modification of these two psychosocial attributes may effectively reduce the harmful impacts of poor relationship adaptation on adolescent IGD. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luanting Peng
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hangzhou TigerMed Consulting Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui She
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Schettler L, Thomasius R, Paschke K. Neural correlates of problematic gaming in adolescents: A systematic review of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13093. [PMID: 34496459 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Problematic gaming in adolescents is associated with neural alterations in structural and functional imaging studies. Especially frontal regions, associated with cognitive control functions, as well as temporoparietal areas, responsible for attention processes and self-concepts, and frontolimbic and subcortical regions, connected to emotion regulation and reward processing, are affected. The differences provide a further explanation for addictive disorders and emphasize the importance of interventions that address executive and cognitive-affective deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Schettler
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence (DZSKJ) University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence (DZSKJ) University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany
| | - Kerstin Paschke
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence (DZSKJ) University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany
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From Emotional (Dys)Regulation to Internet Addiction: A Mediation Model of Problematic Social Media Use among Italian Young Adults. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010188. [PMID: 35011929 PMCID: PMC8745641 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) has mostly been investigated with the fear of missing out and difficulties in emotional regulation. The present study examined the link between IA and variables related to problematic social media use (i.e., fear of missing out, social media addiction), together with emotional (dys)regulation and personality traits, providing new insights and an integrated assessment of IA. In total, 397 participants, aged 18-35 years (M = 22.00; SD = 3.83), were administered a set of questionnaires pertaining to IA, problematic social media use, emotional (dys)regulation, and personality traits. Pearson's correlations showed significant associations between IA and the investigated variables, and the tested mediation model highlighted the crucial role played by emotional (dys)regulation in the fear of missing out and problematic use of social networks. Overall, the findings provide support for a new integrated model for understanding the features, predictors, and risk factors of IA.
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Ohayon MM, Roberts L. Internet gaming disorder and comorbidities among campus-dwelling U.S. university students. Psychiatry Res 2021; 302:114043. [PMID: 34129998 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the prevalence and associations of DSM-5 Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) with sleep impairment, daytime functioning, psychiatric disorders, and health status among young adults living in student houses on the campus of an American university. A random sample of students living on the campus underwent phone interviews during the 2007 & 2015 academic years. The sample included 1,871 undergraduate and 1,113 graduate students (2,984 in total). Students were considered to have IGD if they recreationally spent ≥15 hours per week on an electronic device (39.4% of the students) and displayed ≥5 addiction-related symptoms; 5.3% of the sample met these 2 criteria. In bivariate analyses, IGD students had a greater proportion of suicidal thoughts (16.9% vs. 6.6%), suicide attempts (9.7% vs. 3.3%), major depressive disorder (9.7% vs. 3.0%), and social anxiety disorder (24.8% vs. 8.5%) than the no-IGD group. In multivariate analyses, IGD predicted non-restorative sleep, excessive fatigue, less close friends, depressive mood, bipolar disorder, social anxiety disorder, and a poor to fair health status. IGD is highly prevalent in this student population, affecting one in 20 students. IGD was associated with a variety of sleep, psychiatric, and health factors which may impact functioning and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice M Ohayon
- Stanford Sleep Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, CA, United States.
| | - Laura Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, CA, United States
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Normand CL, Fisher MH, Simonato I, Fecteau SM, Poulin MH. A Systematic Review of Problematic Internet Use in Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-021-00270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hong YP, Yeom YO, Lim MH. Relationships between Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage Types, Depression, ADHD, Stress, Interpersonal Problems, and Parenting Attitude with Middle School Students. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e129. [PMID: 34002549 PMCID: PMC8129617 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between smartphone addiction of middle school students and smartphone usage types, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stress, interpersonal problems, and parenting attitude. In particular, we wanted to find out how smartphone usage types predict smartphone addiction when controlling depression, ADHD, perceived stress, interpersonal problems, and parenting attitudes, which are the main predictors of existing smartphone addiction in this study. METHODS The subjects of this study included 487 local middle school students (253 girls and 234 boys). The measurement instruments used were the smartphone addiction scale, patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Korean ADHD rating scales (K-ARS), perceived stress scale (PSS), Short form of the Korean-inventory of interpersonal problems circumplex scales (KIIP-SC), and the parenting attitude scale. We identified the relationships between the variables with correlation analysis and examined the predictors of smartphone addiction with hierarchical multiple regression analysis. RESULT The factors that influence smartphone addiction were sex (β = 3.14, P < 0.01), stress (β = 2.99, P < 0.01), and interpersonal problems (β = 3.81, P < 0.001). In addition, when the confounding variables of smartphone addiction were controlled to examine the effects of smartphone usage types on smartphone addiction, social network service (SNS) (β = 2.66, P < 0.01) and music/videos (β = 2.73, P < 0.01) were found to significantly positively affect smartphone addiction, whereas study (β = -2.54, P < 0.05) had a significantly negatively effect. And these factors explained 29.5% of the variance in smartphone addiction. CONCLUSION The order of the usage types with the highest influence on smartphone addiction was: enjoying music/videos, SNS, and study. This suggests that selective intervention depending on the main smartphone usage type can be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youl Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yeon Ok Yeom
- Departments of Psychology & Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Lim
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
- Departments of Psychology & Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
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Gao XJ, Sun JJ, Xiang M. Positive psychological intervention for anxiety, depression and coping in subjects addicted to online games. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:3287-3293. [PMID: 34002137 PMCID: PMC8107890 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i14.3287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addiction to online games is not uncommon. The patients usually refuse to take medications and present with affective symptoms such as anxiety, depression and negative coping styles. Psychological intervention based on positive psychology is a promising treatment for such patients.
AIM To evaluate the effect of positive psychological intervention on anxiety, depression and coping in people addicted to online games.
METHODS This self-controlled study included 89 people addicted to online games, who received treatment at Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China in 2019. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were administered to evaluate the anxiety, depression and coping style among these people. Psychological intervention based on positive psychology was provided for 6 wk followed by another evaluation. The results were compared against those from the previous evaluation.
RESULTS After 6 wk of psychological intervention, 89 people achieved a significant improvement in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 scales. The score for positive coping style in Trait Coping Style Questionnaire was significantly improved, while that of the negative coping style decreased significantly (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Psychological intervention based on positive psychology alleviated affective symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, in subjects addicted to online games. Psychological intervention corrected negative coping style, thereby improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Jun Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ji-Jun Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei Xiang
- Department of Elderly Psychiatry, Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
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Usami M, Sasaki S, Sunakawa H, Toguchi Y, Tanese S, Saito K, Shinohara R, Kurokochi T, Sugimoto K, Itagaki K, Yoshida Y, Namekata S, Takahashi M, Harada I, Hakoshima Y, Inazaki K, Yoshimura Y, Mizumoto Y. Care for children's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Glob Health Med 2021; 3:119-121. [PMID: 33937577 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2020.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 causes very serious issues all over the world. In Japan, the number of new infections in Tokyo exceeded 2,000 for the first time on 7 January 2021, and the situation is becoming increasingly serious. Japan is in the midst of its third big outbreak. Japanese society will face several challenges regarding children's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to develop healthy minds in children, it is important to view the changes in children's minds in a positive light and promote their healthy emotional development while correctly fearing COVID-19. This sense of social stagnation and uncertainty is likely to increase feelings of insecurity and isolation among children. It is also important to prevent the repetition of child abuse in the home due to parental unemployment, alcohol problems, and reduced contact with non-family members in stay home and the recession as a result of COVID-19. During the pandemic, adults should be sensitive to the unusual behavior of children. We propose six suggestions of care for children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Usami
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Clinical Center of Children's Mental Health, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoko Sasaki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sunakawa
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toguchi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syuichi Tanese
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Saito
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rena Shinohara
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinari Kurokochi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Sugimoto
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotoe Itagaki
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukino Yoshida
- Clinical Center of Children's Mental Health, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saori Namekata
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Momoka Takahashi
- Clinical Center of Children's Mental Health, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Harada
- Department of Social Worker, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuki Hakoshima
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kumi Inazaki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshimura
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizumoto
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Ostinelli EG, Zangani C, Giordano B, Maestri D, Gambini O, D'Agostino A, Furukawa TA, Purgato M. Depressive symptoms and depression in individuals with internet gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 284:136-142. [PMID: 33592432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although depression has frequently been associated with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), its epidemiological impact on this emerging condition has not been systematically assessed. In this study, we aimed to synthesize the available evidence focusing on depression and depressive symptoms in individuals with IGD. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, GreyLit, OpenGrey, and ProQuest up to March 2020 for observational studies focusing on depression-related outcomes in IGD. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses on 1) rate of comorbid depression in IGD; 2) severity of depressive symptoms in IGD participants without depression. RESULTS We identified 92 studies from 25 different countries including 15,148 participants. 21 studies (n = 5025 participants) provided data for the first analysis, resulting in a pooled event rate of depression of 0.32 (95% Confidence Interval 0.21-0.43). The pooled Beck Depression Inventory scores in individuals without depression were suggestive of mild severity (13 studies, n = 508; 10.3, 95% Confidence Interval 8.3-12.4). LIMITATIONS The considerable inconsistency of methods employed across studies limits the transferability of these findings to clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of depression in individuals with IGD varied considerably across studies, affecting approximately one out of three participants overall. Furthermore, a globally major severity of depressive symptoms was found in those without a clinical diagnosis of depression, compared to the general population. These findings confirm a relevant impact of mood disturbances in IGD. REGISTRATION DETAIL PROSPERO (CRD42018100823).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo G Ostinelli
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Maestri
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Orsola Gambini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy
| | | | - Toshi A Furukawa
- Departments of Health Promotion and Human Behavior and of Clinical Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marianna Purgato
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review describes recent research findings and contemporary viewpoints regarding internet addiction in adolescents including its nomenclature, prevalence, potential determinants, comorbid disorders, and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Prevalence studies show findings that are disparate by location and vary widely by definitions being used. Impulsivity, aggression, and neuroticism potentially predispose youth to internet addiction. Cognitive behavioral therapy and medications that treat commonly co-occurring mental health problems including depression and ADHD hold considerable clinical promise for internet addiction. SUMMARY The inclusion of internet gaming disorder in the DSM-5 and the ICD-11 has prompted considerable work demonstrating the validity of these diagnostic approaches. However, there is also a movement for a conceptualization of the disorder that captures a broader range of media-use behaviors beyond only gaming. Efforts to resolve these approaches are necessary in order to standardize definitions and clinical approaches. Future work should focus on clinical investigations of treatments, especially in the USA, and longitudinal studies of the disorder's etiology.
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Why is Internet gaming disorder more prevalent among Chinese male than female adolescents? The role of cognitive mediators. Addict Behav 2021; 112:106637. [PMID: 32919322 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent males were consistently reported to have a higher prevalence of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) than females. The mechanisms underlying the sex difference were potentially important for designing sex-specific interventions but were under-researched. Maladaptive cognitions were potential mediators between sex and adolescent IGD, as they were positively associated with both sex and adolescent IGD. METHODS A total of 3,075 students participated in a cross-sectional survey that was conducted in Guangzhou and Chengdu, China. IGD was measured by using the DSM-5 checklist and maladaptive cognitions were measured by the validated Chinese version of Revised Internet Gaming Cognition Scale (C-RIGCS). Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation hypotheses. RESULTS Adolescent males showed a significantly higher prevalence of IGD than females (19.2% versus 7.8%, p < .05). Significant positive associations were found between sex and both maladaptive cognitions and IGD. The sex difference in IGD prevalence was partially mediated by the overall scale of C-RIGCS and its three subscales (i.e., perceived overvaluation of rewards of Internet gaming, perceived urges for playing Internet games, and perceived unwillingness to stop playing without completion of gaming tasks), with large mediation effect sizes ranging from 35.0% to 60.0% (Sobel test, p < ,01). CONCLUSIONS The higher levels of maladaptive cognitions among adolescent males explained a relatively large part of the substantially higher prevalence of IGD among adolescent males than females. Interventions targeting adolescent males may consider modifying such cognitions to reduce their IGD.
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Lin S, Yu C, Chen J, Sheng J, Hu Y, Zhong L. The Association between Parental Psychological Control, Deviant Peer Affiliation, and Internet Gaming Disorder among Chinese Adolescents: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8197. [PMID: 33171961 PMCID: PMC7664197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abundant empirical research indicates a relationship between parental psychological control and adolescent Internet gaming disorder (IGD), but the direction and underlying mechanism of this association remain unclear. Using a two-year longitudinal design across three time points, the present study examined the reciprocal processes between parental psychological control and IGD and explored whether deviant peer affiliation explains this bidirectional association. The sample consisted of 908 participants (480 boys and 428 girls) who participated in three measurements and completed questionnaires assessing parental psychological control, deviant peer affiliation, and IGD. Autoregressive cross-lagged models indicated a direct reciprocal relationship between parental psychological control and IGD. Furthermore, the results showed that parental psychological control exerts an indirect effect on adolescent IGD via deviant peer affiliation, but the inverse indirect effect via deviant peer affiliation was non-significant. Knowledge regarding the direct and underlying mechanisms of the reciprocal relationship between parental psychological control and IGD has important implications for prevention and intervention of adolescent IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yousong Hu
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Touitou Y, Point S. Effects and mechanisms of action of light-emitting diodes on the human retina and internal clock. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:109942. [PMID: 32758719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) will likely become the most used lighting devices worldwide in the future because of their very low prices over the course of their long lifespans which can be up to several tens of thousands of hours. The expansion of LED use in both urban and domestic lighting has prompted questions regarding their possible health effects, because the light that they provide is potentially high in the harmful blue band (400-500 nm) of the visible light spectrum. Research on the potential effects of LEDs and their blue band on human health has followed three main directions: 1) examining their retinal phototoxicity; 2) examining disruption of the internal clock, i.e., an out-of-sync clock, in shift workers and night workers, including the accompanying health issues, most concerningly an increased relative risk of cancer; and 3) examining risky, inappropriate late-night use of smartphones and consoles among children and adolescents. Here, we document the recognized or potential health issues associated with LED lighting together with their underlying mechanisms of action. There is so far no evidence that LED lighting is deleterious to human retina under normal use. However, exposure to artificial light at night is a new source of pollution because it affects the circadian clock. Blue-rich light, including cold white LEDs, should be considered a new endocrine disruptor, because it affects estrogen secretion and has unhealthful consequences in women, as demonstrated to occur via a complex mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Touitou
- Unité de Chronobiologie, Fondation A. de Rothschild, 75019, Paris, France.
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47
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Dönmez YE, Soylu N. The Relationship between Online Sexual Solicitation and Internet Addiction in Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2020; 29:911-923. [PMID: 33170743 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2020.1841355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between online sexual solicitation (OSS) and internet accessibility, usage, and addiction in adolescents. The study was conducted with 48 adolescents who had been exposed to OSS and 48 age- and sex-matched adolescents who had not been exposed to OSS. Internet addiction (IA) was determined by the Young Internet Addiction Scale. The groups were compared in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, internet access facilities, internet use characteristics, psychiatric disorders, and IA. The results showed that the duration of daily internet use, the purpose of internet use, and the rate of IA were significantly higher in the OSS-exposed group than in the control group. Depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder were more common in the OSS group than in the control group. Results revealed that the association between OSS and IA is independent of psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, the evaluation of adolescents exposed to OSS, in terms of IA and the measures and interventions to be taken in this regard, will contribute to the prevention of new exposures. Additionally, considering that OSS may be among the possible negative consequences of IA, evaluating adolescents with IA in terms of OSS will provide significant benefits.
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48
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Xu DD, Lok KI, Liu HZ, Cao XL, An FR, Hall BJ, Ungvari GS, Lei SM, Xiang YT. Internet addiction among adolescents in Macau and mainland China: prevalence, demographics and quality of life. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16222. [PMID: 33004842 PMCID: PMC7529916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) is common among adolescents and significantly determined by sociocultural and economic factors. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of IA among adolescents between Macau and mainland China and also examine its association with quality of life. A total of 2892 secondary school students were included. Standardized instruments were used to measure IA, depressive symptoms and quality of life. The overall prevalence of IA was 23.7%, with 32.5% in Macau and 19.8% in mainland China. Students in Macau were more likely to suffer from IA than those in mainland China (OR = 2.15, p < 0.001). Correlates of IA included being in higher school grades, poor academic performance, and more severe depressive symptoms. Students with IA reported lower quality of life in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. IA is common among Chinese adolescents, particularly in Macau. Considering the negative impact of IA on health and quality of life, regular screening and effective interventions should be undertaken for young Internet users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xu
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Avenida da Universidade, Macao, SAR, China.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Harbin University, Harbin, China
| | - Ka-In Lok
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Avenida da Universidade, Macao, SAR, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | | | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Si-Man Lei
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Avenida da Universidade, Macao, SAR, China. .,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China.
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49
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Wang J, Dai B. Event-related potentials in a two-choice oddball task of impaired behavioral inhibitory control among males with tendencies towards cybersex addiction. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:785-796. [PMID: 32903206 PMCID: PMC8943673 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Impaired behavioral inhibitory control (BIC) is known to play a crucial role in addictive behavior. However, research has been inconclusive as to whether this is also the case for cybersex addiction. This study aimed to investigate the time course of BIC in male individuals with tendencies towards cybersex addiction (TCA) using event-related potentials (ERPs) and to provide neurophysiological evidence of their deficient BIC. METHODS Thirty-six individuals with TCA and 36 healthy controls (HCs) were given a Two-Choice Oddball task that required them to respond differently to frequent standard stimuli (images of people) and infrequent deviant stimuli (pornographic images) within 1,000 ms. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded as the participants performed the task. RESULTS Despite the similarity of standard stimuli between the groups in terms of reaction times (RTs), the RTs of the TCA group to deviant stimuli were much slower than those of the HC group. The behavioral difference was accompanied by group differences in the averaged amplitudes of N2 (200-300 ms) and P3 (300-500 ms) components in the deviant-standard difference wave. More specifically, compared to the HC group, the TCA group demonstrated smaller N2 and P3 amplitude differences for deviant than standard stimuli. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Individuals with TCA were more impulsive than HC participants and shared neuropsychological and ERP characteristics of substance use disorder or behavioral addictions, which supports the view that cybersex addiction can be conceptualized as a behavioral addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing Dai
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: E-mail:
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50
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Paschke K, Holtmann M, Melchers P, Klein M, Schimansky G, Krömer T, Reis O, Wartberg L, Thomasius R. [Media-associated disorders in childhood and adolescence: Evidence paper of the joint addiction commision of the German societies and professional associations of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2020; 48:303-317. [PMID: 32614281 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Media-associated disorders in childhood and adolescence: Evidence paper of the joint addiction commision of the German societies and professional associations of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy Abstract. Media-associated disorders (MAD) describe the problematic use of the internet, certain electronic devices in general as well as digital applications. During childhood and adolescence, digital games and social media are the most commonly used applications. In May 2019, as first MAD "gaming disorder" was included as a clinical diagnosis in the ICD-11. The prevalence of MAD in German children and adolescents is estimated to lie between 3 % and 5 %. In most cases, MAD are accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities. MAD ensue because of dysfunctional learning processes in combination with general and specific risk factors. They are associated with neural changes like those of substance-associated addictions. Diagnostics can be based on validated questionnaires and clinical exploration, though a standardized diagnostic path is not yet common. Treatment depends on the level of severity and generally comprises outpatient, day-clinic, and inpatient therapy approaches with elements from cognitive-behavioral therapy and under parental involvement. Suitable treatments are not yet available in all German regions and have also not been sufficiently evaluated. Moreover, only a few studies exist on the efficacy of prevention measures addressing MAD in children and adolescents. Thus, further research is strongly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Paschke
- Deutsches Zentrum für Suchtfragen des Kindes- und Jugendalters (DZSKJ), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Martin Holtmann
- vLWL-Universitätsklinik Hamm der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Hamm
| | - Peter Melchers
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum Oberberg, Kreiskrankenhaus Gummersbach und Klinik Marienheide, Gummersbach
| | | | | | - Thomas Krömer
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie & Psychosomatik, Hamburg
| | - Olaf Reis
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Neurologie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Universität Rostock, Rostock
| | - Lutz Wartberg
- Fakultät für Humanwissenschaften, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- Deutsches Zentrum für Suchtfragen des Kindes- und Jugendalters (DZSKJ), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
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