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Mozafar Saadati H, Taherpour N, Hashemi Nazari SS. Time-varying confounders in association between general and central obesity and coronary heart disease: Longitudinal targeted maximum likelihood estimation on atherosclerosis risk in communities study. GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2025; 9:100193. [PMID: 40162294 PMCID: PMC11951044 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Aim This study examines the association between general and central obesity and the risk of cardiovascular diseases, utilizing the Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimator (TMLE) method to account for time-varying covariates and also we compares the findings with those derived from conventional regression methods in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study. Methods We considered 15,792 participants 45-75 years of age registered in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, visit 1 and followed to visit 4. General obesity defined as body mass index and central obesity defined as Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip-Ratio (WHR), Waist-Height-Ratio (WHtR), Body Shape Index (BSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI). The effect of obesity on Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) was estimated and compared by Longitudinal Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (LTMLE) and generalized linear model. Results The effects of BMI, adjusted for baseline and time-varying confounders, was 1.15 (95 %CI =1.00, 1.34). About the gender groups, the effect of BMI for males and females was 1.17 (95 %CI =0.97,1.40) and 1.19 (95 %CI =0.94,1.52), respectively. Considering age groups, the effect of BMI was 1.21 (95 %CI =0.95, 1.53) and 1.13 (95 %CI = 0.93, 1.36) for age ≤ 54 years and age > 54 years, respectively. With regards to central obesity, the BSI and WC were shown the strongest effects, respectively. Among females and age group≤54 years, WHtR was associated with a higher incidence of CHD. Conclusions According to the results, the appropriate index for obesity varies based on gender and age. Knowledge about this difference will help to experts to implement appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mozafar Saadati
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Niloufar Taherpour
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li J, Ma LJ, Ma XY, Gao B. Relationship between weight-to-waist index and post-stroke depression. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15:100909. [PMID: 40110002 PMCID: PMC11886329 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The weight-to-waist index (WWI) serves as an innovative metric specifically designed to assess central obesity. However, the relationship between WWI and the prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD) remains inadequately explored in the literature. AIM To elucidate the relationship between WWI and PSD. METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models and propensity score matching were utilized to investigate the association between WWI and PSD, with adjustments for potential confounders. The restricted cubic spline statistical method was applied to explore non-linear associations. RESULTS Participants with elevated WWI values had a significantly greater risk of developing PSD. Specifically, individuals in the higher WWI range exhibited more than twice the likelihood of developing PSD compared to those with lower WWI values (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.84-2.66, P < 0.0001). After propensity score matching, the risk of PSD remained significantly elevated (odds ratio = 1.43, 95%confidence interval: 1.09-1.88, P = 0.01). Tertile analysis revealed that participants in the highest WWI tertile faced a significantly higher risk of PSD compared to those in the lowest tertile. Restricted cubic spline analysis further revealed a non-linear association, with the risk of PSD plateauing at higher WWI values. CONCLUSION There is a significant association between elevated WWI and increased risk of PSD. Thus, regular depression screening should be implemented in stroke patients with elevated WWI to enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Neurology, Xingyuan Hospital of Yulin/4th Hospital of Yulin, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Ma
- Department of Operating Theater, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, China
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Kanani J, Sheikh MI. Exploring Nontraumatic Brain Hemorrhage in Sudden and Unexpected Deaths: A Novel Autopsy-Based Investigation. Asian J Neurosurg 2025; 20:126-131. [PMID: 40041594 PMCID: PMC11875705 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Background There has been a surge in sudden and unexpected deaths, presenting a significant challenge for health policymakers and researchers. These individuals showed no signs of recent or past illnesses and died suddenly during routine activities like walking, standing, or working. Objective This study focuses on exploring nontraumatic brain hemorrhage as a cause of death in autopsies of individuals without prior illnesses. The research aims to explore patterns, prevalence, and risk factors associated with nontraumatic brain hemorrhage, specifically obesity in sudden and unexpected deaths. Materials and Methods This retrospective, observational study was conducted using autopsy cases with nontraumatic brain hemorrhage as the identified cause of sudden and unexpected deaths. Information on demographic details, medical history, and circumstances surrounding the deaths was collected. The cases were classified based on the body mass index according to the classification of the World Health Organization. Results From April 2023 to January 2024, 10 cases of sudden and unexpected deaths due to nontraumatic brain hemorrhage were identified. Key findings included predominantly cases of obesity or overweight, deaths occurring predominantly between 8 p.m. and midnight, and all cases being males. Conclusion The study sheds light on the surge in sudden deaths, specifically attributed to nontraumatic brain hemorrhage. The findings reveal a significant association between obesity and brain hemorrhage in sudden deaths, especially among males. The study's temporal analysis adds depth to understanding these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeshkumar Kanani
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Umarvada, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohammed Iliyas Sheikh
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Umarvada, Surat, Gujarat, India
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Cybulska AM, Schneider-Matyka D, Walaszek I, Panczyk M, Ćwiek D, Lubkowska A, Grochans E, Rachubińska K, Malewicz K, Chabowski M. Predictive biomarkers for cardiometabolic risk in postmenopausal women: insights into visfatin, adropin, and adiponectin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 16:1527567. [PMID: 39991740 PMCID: PMC11842235 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1527567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Visfatin, adropin, and adiponectin are involved in many changes associated with obesity and metabolic disorders, and may be related to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The selection of visfatin, adropin, and adiponectin as biomarkers is based on their significant roles in metabolic regulation and inflammation, which are critical factors in cardiometabolic risk. Visfatin is known for its pro-inflammatory properties and its ability to modulate insulin resistance. Adropin is involved in energy homeostasis and metabolic health, while adiponectin has anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. During the perimenopausal period, the risk of obesity, and consequently cardiometabolic diseases increases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiometabolic parameters and circulating levels of visfatin, adropin, and adiponectin in perimenopausal women with regard to their obesity status. Materials and methods This study of 168 perimenopausal women utilized a cross-sectional design with non-random sampling. It involved the use of questionnaires, as well as anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Blood samples were collected to determine the levels of visfatin, adropin, and adiponectin. Statistical analyses, including correlation coefficients, were performed to evaluate the relationship between these biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors, such as insulin resistance, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers. Results In our study, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product negatively correlated with adiponectin levels. Preliminary multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between circulating visfatin and IL-6 levels. Circulating adropin negatively correlated with HbA1C, fasting blood glucose, and insulin. Adiponectin negatively correlated with HbA1C, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and triglycerides. Furthermore, circulating adiponectin positively correlated with HDL, and negatively with HOMA-IR. Conclusions Adiponectin is a promising biomarker for predicting cardiometabolic risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ireneusz Walaszek
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Ćwiek
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malewicz
- Geriatrics and Long-Term Care Department, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Chabowski
- Department of Surgery, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Mohanty S, Pattnaik A. Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Potential of Isolated Bioactive Fractions From Justicia Adhatoda Leaves: An In Vitro, In Vivo, and 3T3-L1 Cell Line Approach Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Coupled With Mass Spectrometry for Compound Identification. Chem Biodivers 2025:e202401532. [PMID: 39798156 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/15/2025]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the anti-obesity effects of bioactive fractions JAF2 and JAF3 from Justicia adhatoda (JA) in vitro using enzymatic assays, 3T3-L1 cells, and in vivo using a monosodium glutamate-high-fat diet (MSG-HFD) model. High-performance thin-layer chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPTLC-MS-MSn) was finally utilized to analyze bioactive fractions for the compounds responsible for the activity. In vitro, the anti-obesity effects of JAF2 and JAF3 were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, revealing that JAF2 significantly reduced lipid and triglyceride levels. In the in vivo MSG-HFD-induced obesity model, JAF2 improved hepatic profiles, countered oxidative stress, enhanced lipid profiles, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, the assessment revealed a significant reduction in adipose tissue content in the treated groups, keeping other organ profiles safe. As per future perspectives, these cocktail fractions can be used in the context of genetically predisposed obesity in modern days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Mohanty
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ashok Pattnaik
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Arbel Y, Arbel Y, Kerner A, Kerner M. Does obesity create a relative sense of excess poverty? Front Public Health 2024; 12:1480365. [PMID: 39664548 PMCID: PMC11633321 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1480365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates the potential relationship between obesity and self-ranking of poverty, as a proxy for self-awareness and happiness. To the best of our knowledge, this issue has not been previously explored based on self-ranking of poverty when income is controlled. Method Ordered Probit Regressions. We propose a new measure for the influence of western social values and norms associated with discrimination against obese women. Results Based on a follow-up survey after two years, findings demonstrate a drop in the projected probability of self-ranking as "not poor" with the BMI from 0.73 to 0.37 (females) - 0.48 (males) when the level of income is controlled. Similar outcomes are obtained when the independent variables are lagged and thus avoid endogeneity concerns. Finally, additional outcomes support the conclusion that the lagged BMI Granger-cause self-ranking of poverty for women, but not for men. Findings support the awareness of more obese women to lower prospects of finding a job. Conclusion Since according to twin studies, approximately 80% of obesity emanates from genetic factors, research findings stress the need to educate the public against prejudices on the grounds of obesity. In particular, our study seeks to evoke awareness among potential employers, which, in turn, might motivate avoidance of, or at least reduction in, an implicit wage penalty against obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Arbel
- Sir Harry Solomon School of Economics and Management, Western Galilee College, Acre, Israel
| | - Yifat Arbel
- Department of Mathematics, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amichai Kerner
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Banking and Finance Program, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Miryam Kerner
- The Ruth and Bruce Rapoport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Dermatology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
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Chen Z, Ye H, Li E, Lin Y, Jin C, Yang L. Lipid accumulation product, poverty income ratio, and bone mineral density in U.S. adults: a mediation analysis based on NHANES (2009-2020). Front Nutr 2024; 11:1466288. [PMID: 39421618 PMCID: PMC11484405 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1466288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between the lipid accumulation product (LAP) index and total femur bone mineral density (BMD), while also examining the mediating role of the poverty-income ratio (PIR). Methods Using the most recent data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2009 to 2020, multivariate logistic regression models were employed in this study to investigate the relationship between the LAP index and total femur BMD. Saturation effects and potential non-linear associations were examined using a smooth curve-fitting approach to determine saturation levels. Interaction tests and subgroup analyses were also performed. Additionally, a mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of PIR. Results Three thousand two hundred and twenty three participants aged 20 years or older were recruited for this study. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated a greater total femur BMD in individuals with a high LAP index. Additionally, analysis of the saturation effect and smooth curve fitting identified a clear saturation effect between the LAP index and total femur BMD. A saturation value of 16.05 was determined when investigating the relationship between the LAP index and total femur BMD. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant interaction effects after adjusting for covariates. Moreover, mediation analysis indicated that the LAP index had a substantial direct effect on total femur BMD (p < 0.0001), with PIR partially mediating this relationship (1.115%, p = 0.0280). Conclusion The results of this investigation demonstrated a saturation effect between the LAP index and total femur BMD, which may have been mediated by PIR.
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Zheng J, Xi Y, Jiang H. The association between weight-adjusted waist index and sleep disorders in U.S. adults: results from NHANES 2005-2008. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39589. [PMID: 39287297 PMCID: PMC11404978 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The detrimental effects of obesity on sleep disorders have garnered a lot of interest. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a newly developed anthropometric index calculated in terms of weight and waist circumference. The body mass index has been employed to evaluate obesity in the majority of studies that connect obesity to sleep disorders. This study seeks to investigate the correlation between WWI and sleep disorders among adults in the United States. This cross-sectional study was part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and included adults aged >20 from 2005 to 2008. This study investigated the linear relationship between sleep disorders and WWI using weighted binary logistic regression models. Nonlinear relationships were characterized using smooth curve fitting and threshold effects analyses. After that, based on variables like gender, age, marital status, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking, subgroup analyses were performed. Our study included 9869 participants who were at least 20 years old. Higher WWI was linked to greater odds of sleep disorders prevalence, according to weighted binary logistic regression (odds ratio = 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.10, 1.20). In subgroup analyses based on age, marital status, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking, this connection remained robust. However, there were notable differences in this connection depending on gender. Furthermore, a nonlinear correlation with inflection points between WWI and sleep disorders was shown using smooth curve fitting. The nonlinear association between WWI and sleep disorders has an inflection point of 8.1 cm/√kg, as indicated by the threshold effect analyses. A higher WWI exposure may elevate the odds of sleep disorder prevalence, underscoring the importance of considering WWI in the prevention and management of sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Shen S, Han P, Zheng K, Chen C, Wu Y, Huang C, Guo J, Qi Y, Chen X, Zheng Y, Xia X, Peng S, Guo Q. The association between visceral fat obesity and prefrailty in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:136. [PMID: 39090692 PMCID: PMC11295587 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity is escalating. Previous research has concentrated on the link between frailty and obesity; however, the association between prefrailty and obesity has been less studied. Prefrailty screening and intervention may prevent or postpone frailty in older persons. OBJECTIVE The study was to investigate into the relationship between prefrailty and several obesity indicators in Chinese community-dwelling older individuals. METHODS This research employed the Frailty Screening Index to investigate the frailty phenotype of people living in Shanghai. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used for evaluating body composition. RESULTS There were 510 participants (39.0%) with high visceral adipose areas. Participants with a high visceral adipose area showed a higher risk of prefrailty (adjusted OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19-1.96), according to multivariate models. When body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat area (VFA) were combined, it was discovered that having an overweight BMI with normal VFA was a protective factor for prefrailty (corrected OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.90), but having a normal weight but excess VFA increased the risk of prefrailty (corrected OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.15-3.03). CONCLUSION Visceral fat obesity is an independent risk factor for prefrailty in Chinese older adults. Implementing targeted interventions, such as dietary modifications, increased physical activity, and other lifestyle changes, could play a crucial role in reducing the risk of prefrailty and improving overall health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Suxing Shen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yahui Wu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Jiangling Guo
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiqiong Qi
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xinwei Xia
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Siyan Peng
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 279 Zhouzhu Highway, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201318, China.
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Hu L, Han X, Chen M, Zhang T. Association of waist circumference and BMI with premature death in young and middle-aged population. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1389766. [PMID: 38873315 PMCID: PMC11169795 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1389766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premature death is a global health indicator, significantly impacted by obesity, especially in young and middle-aged population. Both body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) assess obesity, with WC specifically indicating central obesity and showing a stronger relationship with mortality. However, despite known associations between BMI and premature death, as well as the well-recognized correlation between WC and adverse health outcomes, the specific relationship between WC and premature death remains unclear. Therefore, focusing on young and middle-aged individuals, this study aimed to reliably estimate independent and combined associations between WC, BMI and premature death, thereby providing causal evidence to support strategies for obesity management. Methods This study involved 49,217 subjects aged 18-50 years in the United States from 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Independent and combined associations between WC and BMI with premature death across sex and age stratum were examined by Cox regression. Survey weighting and inverse probability weighting (IPW) were further considered to control selection and confounding bias. Robustness assessment has been conducted on both NHANES and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data. Results A linear and positive relationship between WC and all-cause premature death was found in both males and females, with adjusted HRs of 1.019 (95%CI = 1.004-1.034) and 1.065 (95%CI = 1.039-1.091), respectively. Nonlinear relationships were found with respect to BMI and all-cause premature death. For females aged 36-50 with a BMI below 28.6 kg/m2, the risk of premature death decreased as BMI increased, indicated by adjusted HRs of 0.856 (95%CI = 0.790-0.927). Joint analysis showed among people living with obesity, a larger WC increased premature death risk (HR = 1.924, 95%CI = 1.444-2.564). Discussion WC and BMI exhibited prominent associations with premature death in young and middle-aged population. Maintaining an appropriate WC and BMI bears significant implications for preventing premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang C, Dong X, Chen J, Liu F. Association between lipid accumulation product and psoriasis among adults: a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:143. [PMID: 38760661 PMCID: PMC11100150 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an accessible and relatively comprehensive assessment of obesity that represents both anatomical and physiological lipid accumulation. Obesity and psoriasis are potentially related, according to previous research. Investigating the relationship between adult psoriasis and the LAP index was the goal of this study. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The association between LAP and psoriasis was examined using multivariate logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting. To verify whether this relationship was stable across populations, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed. RESULTS The LAP index showed a positive correlation with psoriasis in 9,781 adult participants who were 20 years of age or older. A 27% elevated probability of psoriasis was linked to every unit increase in ln LAP in the fully adjusted model (Model 3: OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.06-1.52). In comparison with participants in the lowest ln LAP quartile, those in the highest quartile had an 83% greater likelihood of psoriasis (Model 3: OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.08-3.11). This positive correlation was more pronounced for young males, participants who had never smoked, non-drinkers, participants who exercised little, as well as non-hypertensive and non-diabetic participants. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the LAP index and adult psoriasis were positively correlated, especially in young males without comorbidities. Therefore, it is proposed that LAP may serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis of psoriasis and tracking the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, China
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210031, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Guo Z, Huang B, Gan L, Liang S, Liu Y. No genetic causality between obesity and benign paroxysmal vertigo: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240940. [PMID: 38584824 PMCID: PMC10998676 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We applied Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationship between obesity and benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV). Methods We chose two types of obesity diseases. Obesity due to excessive calories and other or unspecified obesity from the FinnGen database. We used genomic significance (p < 5 × 10-8) to obtain independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables. Similarly, genome-wide association study data for the disease BPV were selected from the FinnGen database. R was then used to test the data for multiplicity and heterogeneity, as well as to detect the effect of individual SNPs on the results. Random effects inverse variance weighting was used as the main statistical analysis. Results First, by analyzing, we found an outlier in obesity due to excessive calories (rs12956821). Outliers were then removed, and the statistical results were analyzed without heterogeneity (p > 0.05) and horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05), as well as individual SNPs having no effect on the results. Meanwhile, random-effects IVW results showed obesity due to excessive calories (p = 0.481; OR = 0.941), and other or unspecified obesity (p = 0.640; OR = 0.964). Conclusions The present study did not find a causal relationship between the above two obesity types and BPV at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bingyu Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lingxiao Gan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Alberton CL, Fonseca BA, Nunes GN, Bergamin M, Pinto SS. Magnitude of vertical ground reaction force during water-based exercises in women with obesity. Sports Biomech 2024; 23:470-483. [PMID: 33568003 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1872690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with obesity are recommended to practice physical activity with reduced weight bearing, such as water-based exercises. However, the magnitude of the vertical ground reaction force (Fz) during these exercises is unknown in this population. This study aimed to verify the magnitude of peak Fz (Fzpeak) in women with obesity during different exercises performed in water and on land and at different intensities. Ten adult women with obesity class 1 (body mass index: 31.6 ± 0.57 kg·m-2) completed two randomised sessions, one performed on land and other in water, composed by three exercises (stationary running, frontal kick, butt kick) performed at cadences of 80 b·min-1, 100 b·min-1 and maximal. Fzpeak value was determined in each situation. Data were analysed using repeated-measures three-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Significant lower Fzpeak values were observed in water (p < 0.001), with no significant differences between the exercises. A significant difference in the Fzpeak was verified between maximal cadence and 80 b·min-1 (p = 0.01). Water-based exercises performed by women with obesity revealed a Fzpeak reduction from land to water corresponding to 41-67%. Also, the three water-based exercises resulted in similar Fzpeak values, while an increase was observed 80 b·min-1 to the maximal cadence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Bergamin
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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14
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Li M, Yu X, Zhang W, Yin J, Zhang L, Luo G, Liu Y, Yang J. The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and depression: Results from NHANES 2005-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:299-305. [PMID: 38000467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) serves as an innovative obesity measure, seemingly surpassing body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in evaluating lean and fat mass. This study aimed to explore the relationship between WWI and depression in United States (US) adults. METHODS This population-based study investigated adults with comprehensive WWI and PHQ-9 (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. WWI was computed by dividing WC by the square root of body weight. Weighted multivariate logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting were employed to examine linear and non-linear associations. Additionally, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted. RESULTS A total of 34,528 participants were enrolled with a prevalence of depression of 7.61 %. WWI was positively related to depression with the full adjustment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.21, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): 1.13-1.29]. After converting WWI to a categorical variable by quartiles (Q1-Q4), compared to Q1 the highest WWI quartile was linked to an obviously increased likelihood of depression (OR = 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.29-1.76). Subgroup analysis revealed the stability of the independent positive relationship between WWI and depression (all P for trend >0.05). CONCLUSION WWI levels were positively related to an increased likelihood of depression in US adults. Our findings indicated that WWI may serve as a simple anthropometric index to predict depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jiahui Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yuanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China.
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15
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Ospina Jaramillo A, Riscanevo Bobadilla AC, Espinosa MO, Valencia A, Jiménez H, Montilla Velásquez MDP, Bastidas M. Clinical outcomes and complications of single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy: A 2-year follow-up study in Bogotá, Colombia. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5035-5046. [PMID: 37583868 PMCID: PMC10424005 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i21.5035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global prevalence of obesity has increased over the past 40 years, and bariatric surgery has proven to be the most effective therapy for long-term weight loss. Its principles are based on modifying the brain-gut axis by altering the gastrointestinal anatomy and affecting the function of gastrointestinal hormones, thereby modifying satiety signals. Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) combines both techniques and has become an alternative to gastric bypass and biliopancreatic diversion procedures for treating severe obesity and associated metabolic diseases in selected patients. AIM To describe the outcomes and complications of SADI-S. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent SADI-S laparoscopically at the Clínica Reina Sofía in Bogotá, Colombia. This study assessed the therapeutic effectiveness of SADI-S in terms of short-term preoperative clinical characteristics, postoperative complications, comorbidities, nutritional defi-ciencies, and intraoperative complications during a 2-year follow-up. RESULTS Sixty-one patients with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 50 ± 7.1 kg/m2 underwent laparoscopic SADI-S. The mean operative time and hospital stays were 143.8 ± 42 min and 2.3 ± 0.8 d, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 18 mo, and the mean BMI decreased to 28.5 ± 12.2 kg/m2. The excess BMI loss was 41.8% ± 13.5%, and the weight loss percentage was 81.1% ± 17.0%. Resolution of obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea, was achieved and defined as complete or partial remission. No intraoperative complications were observed. Short-term complications were observed in four (6.8%) patients. However, larger studies with longer follow-up periods are required to draw definitive conclusions. CONCLUSION SADI-S has a low intraoperative and postoperative complication rate and is effective for weight loss and improving obesity-related comorbidities, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and sleep apnea syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alvaro Valencia
- Department of General Surgery, Clínica Reina Sofia, Colsanitas, Bogotá D.C 110151, Colombia
| | - Humberto Jiménez
- Department of General Surgery, Clínica Reina Sofia, Colsanitas, Bogotá D.C 110151, Colombia
| | | | - Maria Bastidas
- Department of General Surgery, Clínica Reina Sofia, Colsanitas, Bogotá D.C 110151, Colombia
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Li Z, Gong X, Cui X, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wu D, Yang M, Jia X, Duan C, Liu L, Guo J, Jia R, Zhang X, Chen Y, Tang Y, Liu M, Wang Y. Body mass index and death by cognitive impairment. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:689-698. [PMID: 36795235 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have reported that among participants with impaired cognitive, overweight and mild obesity are associated with substantially improved survival, this finding has been termed the "obesity paradox" and has led to uncertainty about secondary prevention. AIMS To explore whether the association of BMI with mortality differed in different MMSE score, and whether the obesity paradox in patient with cognitive impairment (CI) is real. METHODS The study used data from CLHLS, a representative prospective population-based cohort study in China, which included 8348 participants aged ≥ 60 years between 2011 and 2018. The independent association between BMI and mortality in differed MMSE score by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS During a median (IQR) follow-up of 41.18 months, a total of 4216 participants died. In the total population, underweight increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HRs, 1.33; 95% CI 1.23-1.44), compared with normal weight, and overweight was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.74-0.93). However, compared to normal weight, only underweight was associated with increased mortality risk among participants with MMSE scores of 0-23, 24-26, 27-29, and 30, and the fully-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for mortality were 1.30 (1.18, 1.43), 1.31 (1.07, 1.59), 1.55 (1.34, 1.80) and 1.66 (1.26, 2.20), respectively. The obesity paradox was not found in individuals with CI. Sensitivity analyses carried out had hardly any impact on this result. CONCLUSION We found no evidence of an obesity paradox in patients with CI, compared with patients of normal weight. But underweight individuals may have increased mortality risk whether in the population with CI or not. And overweight/obese people with CI should continue to aim for normal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xinran Gong
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Wuping Zhang
- Foreign Language Department, Graduate School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanding Wang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Meitao Yang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xinjing Jia
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chunyuan Duan
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.,School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinpeng Guo
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ruizhong Jia
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiushan Zhang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yue Tang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Graduate School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Chinese People's Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongda Street No.20 in Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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HUANG J, GUO K, WANG P, WANG C. The correlation between obesity and death of old population in Peking. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.22.04879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Zhang H, Tang X, Hu D, Li G, Song G. Transition patterns of metabolism-weight phenotypes over time: A longitudinal study using the multistate Markov model in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1026751. [PMID: 36589938 PMCID: PMC9799718 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A change in weight or metabolic status is a dynamic process, yet most studies have focused on metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and the transition between MHO and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO); therefore, they have not fully revealed the nature of all possible transitions among metabolism-weight phenotypes over the years. Methods This was a longitudinal study based on a retrospective health check-up cohort. A total of 9,742 apparently healthy individuals aged 20-60 years at study entry were included and underwent at least two health check-ups. Six metabolism-weight phenotypes were cross-defined by body mass index (BMI) categories and metabolic status as follows: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW), MHO, metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), and MUO. A multistate Markov model was used to analyse all possible transitions among these phenotypes and assess the effects of demographic and blood indicators on the transitions. Results The transition intensity from MUNW to MHNW was the highest (0.64), followed by the transition from MHO to MUO (0.56). The greatest sojourn time appeared in the MHNW state (3.84 years), followed by the MUO state (2.34 years), and the shortest sojourn time appeared in the MHO state (1.16 years). Transition intensities for metabolic improvement gradually decreased with BMI level as follows: 0.64 for MUNW to MHNW, 0.44 for MUOW to MHNW, and 0.27 for MUO to MHO; however, transition intensities for metabolic deterioration, including MHNW to MUNW, MHOW to MUOW, and MHO to MUO, were 0.15, 0.38, and 0.56, respectively. In the middle-aged male group, elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and uric acid (UA) increased the risk of deterioration in weight and metabolic status and decreased the possibility of improvement. Conclusion Maintaining a normal and stable BMI is important for metabolic health. More attention should be given to males and elderly people to prevent their progression to an unhealthy metabolic and/or weight status. MHO is the most unstable phenotype and is prone to convert to the MUO state, and individuals with abnormal ALT, AST and UA are at an increased risk of transitioning to an unhealthy weight and/or metabolic status; therefore, we should be alert to abnormal indicators and MHO. Intervention measures should be taken early to maintain healthy weight and metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China,Personnel Division, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongmei Hu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guirong Song
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China,*Correspondence: Guirong Song
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Luca AC, Curpan AS, Braha EE, Ţarcă E, Iordache AC, Luca FA, Adumitrachioaiei H. Increasing Trends in Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Romanian Children and Adolescents-Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2452. [PMID: 36553976 PMCID: PMC9777914 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a global public health issue and its assessment is essential, as an obese child is a future overweight or obese adult. Obesity is no longer a matter of exercising more and eating less, with several factors coming into play and dictating the pattern of fat accumulation and the ease/difficulty of reducing it. In the current paper, we aimed to analyze the cardiovascular impact of obesity in a large number of patients alongside the paraclinical changes that occur due to weight gain, and to perform an analysis on the increase in prevalence throughout our research. The main cardiovascular conditions identified were hypertension (15.36%), septal or concentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (11.15%), atherosclerosis risk (13.04%), and hypercholesterolemia (20.94%). We have used echocardiography to measure the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue (useful for assessing the patient's cardiovascular risk), and we observed that it was greater in children with moderate and severe obesity alongside diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in the whole group, without any connection with hypertension or coronary impairment. Obese children will be affected by increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in adulthood and they may experience early cardiovascular dysfunction. We want to strongly underline the importance and necessity of programs for the early detection and prevention of obesity and its complications, especially since interesting phenomena such as the "obesity paradox" exist and prove that obesity is far less understood than it is at a first glance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Costina Luca
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine–Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Sfânta Maria’ Emergency Children’s Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandrina-Stefania Curpan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena Emanuela Braha
- National Institute of Endocrinology CI Parhon, Department of Genetics Endocrinology, B–dul Aviatorilor, nr. 34–38, Sector 1, 011863 Bucureşti, Romania
| | - Elena Ţarcă
- Department of Surgery II–Pediatric Surgery, Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin-Constantin Iordache
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine–Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin-Alexandru Luca
- Department BMTM, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bulevardul Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron 67, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Heidrun Adumitrachioaiei
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine–Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Physical activity and daily steps cut offs points for overweight/obesity prevention among eight Latin American countries. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18827. [PMID: 36335253 PMCID: PMC9637090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to establish cut-off points for the number of minutes of physical activity intensity and the number of daily steps that identify overweight/obesity in adolescents, adults, and older adults. This study examined data from 2737 participants. Physical activity intensity and the number of daily steps were assessed using GT3X+ ActiGraph model accelerometers. Body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist-to-hip ratio were used as indicators of overweight/obesity. The cut-off points for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for the prevention of overweight/obesity according to body mass index in women ranged from 15.1 to 30.2 min/day; in men, the values were from 15.4 to 33.8 min/day. The lowest cut-off point for daily steps was established in the adolescent group for women and men (7304 and 5162). The highest value in women was 11,412 (51-65 years) and 13,234 in men (18-30 years). Results from measurements different from BMI, show average cut-off points for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and daily steps of 29.1/8348 and 43.5/10,456 according to waist-to-height ratio; and results of 29.3/11,900 and 44.3/11,056 according to the waist-to-hip ratio; in women and men respectively. A more specific recommendation of physical activity and daily steps adjusted by sex and age range is suggested to prevent overweight/obesity.
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Sundström N, Lundin F, Arvidsson L, Tullberg M, Wikkelsø C. The demography of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: data on 3000 consecutive, surgically treated patients and a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:1310-1320. [PMID: 35395629 DOI: 10.3171/2022.2.jns212063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) through an analysis of 3000 consecutive, surgically treated Swedish patients and a systematic review of the literature. METHODS Data on age, sex, comorbidities, diagnostic delay, initial symptoms, and severity of symptoms at diagnosis were extracted from the Swedish Hydrocephalus Quality Registry. In addition, a systematic PRISMA-based review of the literature published from database inception until August 2019 was performed using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases on the basis of two concepts: normal pressure hydrocephalus and demography and their association with related terms. Of 1020 unique articles, 16 were eligible for study inclusion and were assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Mean and weighted mean values were calculated. RESULTS The mean patient age at the time of surgery was 74.4 years, 79% of patients were in their 70s, and 60% of the patients were men. Almost 50% of the patients had symptoms from four main domains (i.e., balance, gait, cognition, and urinary dysfunction) at disease onset. Patients aged < 60 years (2%) reported more headaches and fewer balance problems than those aged ≥ 60. Women were more impaired in function than men at the time of diagnosis. Dementia (Mini-Mental State Examination score < 25) was found in 47% of the patients. Men had more diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and stroke than women, and comorbidity correlated with increased impairment. The incidence of surgery for iNPH was 20%-40% of the disease incidence according to survey and operation-based studies. CONCLUSIONS Most iNPH patients undergo surgery in their 70s. Those aged < 60 years show slightly different symptomatology and probably present with a specific disease entity, indicating that the lower age limit for iNPH should be 60 years. iNPH patients have severe impairment preceded by a long diagnostic delay. Even though the included study designs differed, the systematic review showed that the disorder has a very low treatment incidence. The importance of diagnosing and treating iNPH is further emphasized by the fact that iNPH may account for a considerable part of all cases of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sundström
- 1Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå
| | - Fredrik Lundin
- Departments of2Neurology and
- 3Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping
| | - Lisa Arvidsson
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm
- 5Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; and
| | - Mats Tullberg
- 6Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carsten Wikkelsø
- 6Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wang XX, Lin KN, Xu WC, Chen H. The causal relationship between abdominal obesity and lower bone mineral density: A two-sample mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2022; 13:970223. [PMID: 36313427 PMCID: PMC9606644 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.970223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the causal effect of abdominal obesity on bone mineral density by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Abdominal obesity was chosen as exposure in this study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms, extracted from Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) data, which are closely associated with waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were used as instrumental variables to perform MR studies. Different site bone mineral density, such as total bone mineral density (TBMD) and forearm bone mineral density (FBMD) were chosen as outcomes. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary method to assess this causality. Results: According to the IVW method (β = −0.177; 95% CI = −0.287, −0.067; p = 1.52 × 10–3), WC had a negative causal relationship with TBMD, besides, with one standard deviation (SD) higher in HC, there was a 0.195 SD decrease in TBMD (95% CI = −0.279, −0.110; p = 6.32 × 10–6), and with an increase of one SD in HC was related to a decrease of 0.312 SD in FBMD analyzed by the IVW. Conclusion: This study showed that abdominal obesity has a negative effect on bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-xuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kai-nan Lin
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-chen Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Fujian Children’s Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Chen,
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Zhuang L, Li C, Hu X, Yang Q, Pei X, Jin G. High expression of P4HA3 in obesity: a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11741. [PMID: 35976267 PMCID: PMC9377532 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (P4HA3) in adipocytes and adipose tissue and to explore its effect on obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We initially demonstrated that P4HA3 was significantly upregulated in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obesity and T2DM patients, and its functional roles in adipocyte differentiation and insulin resistance were investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. The knockdown of P4HA3 inhibited adipocyte differentiation and improved insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 cells. In C57BL/6J db/db mice fed with a high fat diet (HFD), silencing P4HA3 significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and triglycerides (TG) levels, with concomitant decrease of body weight and adipose tissue weight. Further analysis showed that P4HA3 knockdown was correlated with the augmented IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway in the adipose and hepatic tissues of obese mice, which could improve hepatic glucose homeostasis and steatosis of mice. Together, our study suggested that the dysregulation of P4HA3 may contribute to the development of obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langen Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Can Li
- Shangyi Health Check-up Centre, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Guoxi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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Diagnosis accuracy of waist-to-height ratio to predict cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity. Pediatr Res 2022; 93:1294-1301. [PMID: 35915238 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) predicts abdominal fat and cardiometabolic risk. In children with obesity, the most adequate cut-off to predict cardiometabolic risk as well as its ability to predict risk changes over time has not been tested. Our aim was to define an appropriate WHtR cut-off to predict cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity, and to analyze its ability to predict changes in cardiometabolic risk over time. METHODS This is an observational prospective study secondary to the OBEMAT2.0 trial. We included data from 218 participants (8-15 years) who attended baseline and final visits (12 months later). The main outcome measure was a cardiometabolic risk score derived from blood pressure, lipoproteins, and HOMA index of insulin resistance. RESULTS The optimal cut-off to predict the cardiometabolic risk score was WHtR ≥0.55 with an area under the curve of 0.675 (95% CI: 0.589-0.760) at baseline and 0.682 (95% CI: 0.585-0.779) at the final visit. Multivariate models for repeated measures showed that changes in cardiometabolic risk were significantly associated with changes in WHtR. CONCLUSION This study confirms the clinical utility of WHtR to predict changes in cardiometabolic risk over time in children with obesity. The most accurate cut-off to predict cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity was WHtR ≥0.55. IMPACT In children, there is no consensus on a unique WHtR cut-off to predict cardiometabolic risk. The present work provides sufficient evidence to support the use of the 0.55 boundary. We have a large sample of children with obesity, with whom we compared the previously proposed boundaries according to cardiometabolic risk, and we found the optimal WHtR cut-off to predict it. We also analyzed if a reduction in the WHtR was associated with an improvement in their cardiometabolic profile.
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Wawrzyniak A, Balawender K. Structural and Metabolic Changes in Bone. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151946. [PMID: 35953935 PMCID: PMC9367262 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone is an extremely metabolically active tissue that is regenerated and repaired over its lifetime by bone remodeling. Most bone diseases are caused by abnormal restructure processes that undermine bone structure and mechanical strength and trigger clinical symptoms, such as pain, deformity, fracture, and abnormalities of calcium and phosphate homoeostasis. The article examines the main aspects of bone development, anatomy, structure, and the mechanisms of cell and molecular regulation of bone remodeling. Abstract As an essential component of the skeleton, bone tissue provides solid support for the body and protects vital organs. Bone tissue is a reservoir of calcium, phosphate, and other ions that can be released or stored in a controlled manner to provide constant concentration in body fluids. Normally, bone development or osteogenesis occurs through two ossification processes (intra-articular and intra-chondral), but the first produces woven bone, which is quickly replaced by stronger lamellar bone. Contrary to commonly held misconceptions, bone is a relatively dynamic organ that undergoes significant turnover compared to other organs in the body. Bone metabolism is a dynamic process that involves simultaneous bone formation and resorption, controlled by numerous factors. Bone metabolism comprises the key actions. Skeletal mass, structure, and quality are accrued and maintained throughout life, and the anabolic and catabolic actions are mostly balanced due to the tight regulation of the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This activity is also provided by circulating hormones and cytokines. Bone tissue remodeling processes are regulated by various biologically active substances secreted by bone tissue cells, namely RANK, RANKL, MMP-1, MMP-9, or type 1 collagen. Bone-derived factors (BDF) influence bone function and metabolism, and pathophysiological conditions lead to bone dysfunction. This work aims to analyze and evaluate the current literature on various local and systemic factors or immune system interactions that can affect bone metabolism and its impairments.
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Association between high preoperative body mass index and mortality after cancer surgery. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270460. [PMID: 35802728 PMCID: PMC9269927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite an association between obesity and increased mortality in the general population, obesity has been paradoxically reported with improved mortality of surgery and some types of cancer. However, this has not been fully investigated in patients undergoing cancer surgery. Using a cohort consisting of mostly Asian population, we enrolled 87,567 adult patients who underwent cancer surgery from March 2010 to December 2019. They were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI): 53,980 (61.6%) in the normal (18.5–25 kg/m2), 2,787 (3.2%) in the low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2), and 30,800 (35.2%) in the high BMI (≥25 kg/m2) groups. The high BMI group was further stratified into overweight (25–30 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2) groups. The primary outcome was mortality during three years after surgery. Following adjustment by inverse probability weighting, mortality during three years after surgery was significantly lower in the high BMI group than the normal (4.8% vs. 7.0%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; confidence interval [CI], 0.64–0.77; p < 0.001) and low BMI (4.8% vs. 13.0%; HR: 0.38; CI: 0.35–0.42; p < 0.001) groups. The mortalities of the overweight and obese groups were lower than that of the normal group (7.0% vs. 5.0%; HR: 0.72; CI: 0.67–0.77; p < 0.001 and 7.0% vs. 3.3%; HR: 0.57; CI: 0.50–0.65; p < 0.001, respectively). This association was not observed in female patients and those undergoing surgery for breast and gynecological cancers. High BMI may be associated with decreased mortality after cancer surgery. Further investigations are needed for clinical application of our finding.
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Gómez-Sánchez L, Gómez-Sánchez M, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, Patino-Alonso C, Alonso-Dominguez R, Sanchez-Aguadero N, Lugones-Sánchez C, Llamas-Ramos I, García-Ortiz L, Gómez-Marcos MA. Relationship of Different Anthropometric Indices with Vascular Ageing in an Adult Population without Cardiovascular Disease-EVA Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092671. [PMID: 35566797 PMCID: PMC9105296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to analyse the capacity of different anthropometric indices to predict vascular ageing and this association in Spanish adult population without cardiovascular disease. A total of 501 individuals without cardiovascular disease residing in the capital of Salamanca (Spain) were selected (mean age: 55.9 years, 50.3% women), through stratified random sampling by age and sex. Starting from anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, and waist circumference, hip circumference, or biochemical parameters, we could estimate different indices that reflected general obesity, abdominal obesity, and body fat distribution. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) using a SphygmoCor® device. Vascular ageing was defined in three steps: Step 1: the participants with vascular injury were classified as early vascular ageing (EVA); Step 2: classification of the participants using the 10 and 90 percentiles of cf-PWV in the study population by age and sex in EVA, healthy vascular ageing (HVA) and normal vascular ageing (NVA); Step 3: re-classification of participants with arterial hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus included in HVA as NVA. The total prevalence of HVA and EVA was 8.4% and 21.4%, respectively. All the analysed anthropometric indices, except waist/hip ratio (WHpR), were associated with vascular ageing. Thus, as the values of the different anthropometric indices increase, the probability of being classified with NVA and as EVA increases. The capacity of the anthropometric indices to identify people with HVA showed values of area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.60. The capacity to identify people with EVA, in total, showed values of AUC between 0.55 and 0.60. In conclusion, as the values of the anthropometric indices increased, the probability that the subjects presented EVA increased. However, the relationship of the new anthropometric indices with vascular ageing was not stronger than that of traditional parameters. Therefore, BMI and WC can be considered to be the most useful indices in clinical practice to identify people with vascular ageing in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Patino-Alonso
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Statistics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Alonso-Dominguez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia Sanchez-Aguadero
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ines Llamas-Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (C.P.-A.); (R.A.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (C.L.-S.); (I.L.-R.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-124465
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Galli C, Li T. Racial Differences in Diagnosis of Overweight and Obesity: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2016. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022; 10:1096-1107. [PMID: 35394620 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic standards and codes related to excessive weight exist so that clinicians may inform patients that they are overweight: a status which may be a harbinger of more severe obesity and negative health outcomes. Equipped with this knowledge, patients may pursue medical interventions or behavioral changes to reduce their risk. However, diagnoses of overweight are unequally applied in the United States along racial lines. METHODS Binary logistic regression was used to analyze National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2016 data from 7460 participants to examine the relationship between race of non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black Americans and having ever been told that one is overweight by a clinician when controlling for demographic and socioeconomic factors. The body mass index (BMI) of participants along with obesity-associated comorbidities was then incorporated into the model to see if physical size or disease status mediated the primary relationship. RESULTS Black Americans are significantly less likely to report being told that they are overweight by a clinician than are White Americans regardless of clinical weight status and weight-associated comorbidities. We find that these racial differences are greatest when respondents' BMIs approach the lower threshold for clinical obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the lower likelihood of Black Americans to be told they are overweight compared to their White counterparts can result in serious health implications. We posit that implicit biases among clinicians may partly explain this disparity, which may exacerbate health outcome inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuck Galli
- Department of Sociology, Sussex County Community College, 1 College Hill Rd., Newton, NJ, 07860, USA.
| | - Tiffany Li
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3440 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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Xiong Z, Li X, Yang L, Wu L, Xie Y, Xu F, Xie X. Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression and DNA Methylation Depicting the Impact of Obesity on Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:818082. [PMID: 35350384 PMCID: PMC8957964 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.818082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been reported to be a risk factor for breast cancer, but how obesity affects breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. Although body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used reference for obesity, it is insufficient to evaluate the obesity-related pathophysiological changes in breast tissue. The purpose of this study is to establish a DNA-methylation-based biomarker for BMI (DM-BMI) and explore the connection between obesity and BC. Using DNA methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we developed DM-BMI to evaluate the degree of obesity in breast tissues. In tissues from non-BC and BC population, the DM-BMI model exhibited high accuracy in BMI prediction. In BC tissues, DM-BMI correlated with increased adipose tissue content and BC tissues with increased DM-BMI exhibited higher expression of pro-inflammatory adipokines. Next, we identified the gene expression profile relating to DM-BMI. Using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, we observed that the DM-BMI-related genes were mostly involved in the process of cancer immunity. DM-BMI is positively correlated with T cell infiltration in BC tissues. Furthermore, we observed that DM-BMI was positively correlated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) response markers in BC. Collectively, we developed a new biomarker for obesity and discovered that BC tissues from obese individuals exhibit an increased degree of immune cell infiltration, indicating that obese BC patients might be the potential beneficiaries for ICI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchong Xiong
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Metabolic Obesity in People with Normal Body Weight (MONW)-Review of Diagnostic Criteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020624. [PMID: 35055447 PMCID: PMC8776153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of metabolic obesity with normal body weight (MONW) are widely recognized risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Despite this, MONW is not diagnosed in clinical practice. There is no consensus on the definition of MONW, and measuring the degree of insulin resistance or obesity among apparently healthy, non-obese patients is not widely applicable. The awareness of the relationship between metabolic disorders such as MONW and a higher risk of mortality from cardiovascular causes and other related diseases prompts the need for action to be taken aimed at creating appropriate diagnostic models that will allow for the effective detection of those with metabolic abnormalities among people with normal body weight. Such actions are decisive in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the MONW diagnostic criteria used over the years.
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Busnatu SS, Serbanoiu LI, Lacraru AE, Andrei CL, Jercalau CE, Stoian M, Stoian A. Effects of Exercise in Improving Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:82. [PMID: 35052246 PMCID: PMC8775269 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of exercise in improving cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight children and adolescents until the adolescent age, which is 18 years. A systemic search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, from inception to 29 June 2021. All statistical analyses were conducted in Review Manager 5.4.1. All studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. A random-effect model was used to pool the studies, and the results are reported in the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence interval (CI). Twelve randomized control trials were selected for meta-analysis. Significant results were obtained for BMI in children after the interventions (0.38 95% CI 0.14, 0.62; p = 0.002; I2 = 65%). LDL level was also found significantly reduced (0.41 95% CI 0.01, 0.82; p = 0.05; I2 = 83%). Other factors such as HDL level, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body weight, and waist circumference were also analyzed. We found that exercise interventions significantly improved several cardiometabolic risk factors such as BMI, LDL level, BP, and blood glucose level. However, no significant effect on HDL concentration, waist circumference, and body weight were found. Long-term interventions are needed to attain improvement in all cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Liviu Ionut Serbanoiu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreea Elena Lacraru
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Catalina Liliana Andrei
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Cosmina Elena Jercalau
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Marilena Stoian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anca Stoian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Obesity Paradox of All-Cause Mortality in 4,133 Patients Treated with Coronary Revascularization. J Interv Cardiol 2021; 2021:3867735. [PMID: 34887705 PMCID: PMC8616700 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3867735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in patients after coronary revascularization. Methods The MIMIC-III database (version 1.4) was used as the sample population. For variables with less than 10% of values missing, we used the mice package of R software for multiple imputations. Cox regression was used to determine the risk factors of all-cause mortality in patients. RCSs were used to observe the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality. Additional subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed to explore whether the conclusion can be applied to specific groups. Results Both univariate and multivariate Cox models indicated that the mortality risk was lower for overweight patients than for normal-weight patients (P < 0.05). In RCS models, BMI had a U-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (P for nonlinearity = 0.0028). There was a weak U-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but the nonlinear relationship between these two parameters was not significant (P for nonlinearity = 0.1756). Conclusions The obesity paradox does exist in patients treated with CABG and PCI. RCS analysis indicated that there was a U-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in patients after CABG. After sex stratification, the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in male patients who received PCI was L-shaped, while the nonlinear relationship among females was not significant.
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Ghasempour G, Zamani-Garmsiri F, Mohammadi A, Najafi M. Palmitic acid increases HCK gene and protein expression levels in vascular smooth muscle cells. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scientific consensus that obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart failure (HF). However, in CVD, many studies observed greater survival in overweight or class 1 obesity individuals. This counterintuitive observation was termed "obesity paradox" (OP). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS This article is a narrative overview of the relationship between OP and CVD, particularly HF. The sources used were MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, from 2001 to 31 May 2020, exception for a 1983 work of historical importance. Studies reporting association and prognostic impact of obesity in HF and the impact of body composition on cardiac structure and myocardial function in obesity were also included in this review. In addition, we examined references from the retrieved articles and explored several related websites. Ultimately, we chose 79 relevant documents. Fifty-three were specifically focused on OP and HF. RESULTS In this review, we made a summary of the evidence coming from a series of studies investigating OP. Many of these studies do not take into consideration or underestimate some of the more important morpho-functional variables of patients suffering from HF: among these, body composition and visceral adiposity, sarcopenic obesity, muscle fitness (MF), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). A high body mass index (BMI) represents a risk factor for HF, but it also seems to exert a protective effect under certain circumstances. Fat distribution, lean mass, and cardio fitness could play an essential role in determining the observed differences in the HF population. CONCLUSION BMI does not distinguish between the metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obesity. The obesity impact on morbidity and premature mortality can be underestimated and, therefore, may lead to incorrect clinical courses. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Narrative review.
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Gravina G, Ferrari F, Nebbiai G. The obesity paradox and diabetes. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1057-1068. [PMID: 32954485 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been proven to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through numerous pathogenetic mechanisms. Unexpectedly, some studies suggest that subjects with overweight/obesity and T2DM have better clinical outcome than their normal weight peers. This finding is described as "obesity paradox" and calls into question the importance of weight loss in this specific population. OBJECTIVE This article is a narrative overview on the obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly regarding the obesity paradox in T2DM patients. METHODS We used as sources MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, from inception to March 2020; we chose 30 relevant papers regarding the association of obesity with clinical outcome and mortality of patients affected by T2DM. RESULTS Many studies report that in patients with T2DM, overweight and obesity are associated with a better prognosis than underweight or normal weight, suggesting the presence of an obesity paradox. However, these studies have numerous limitations due to their mainly retrospective nature and to numerous confounding factors, such as associated pathologies, antidiabetic treatments, smoking habit, lack of data about distribution of body fat or weight history. CONCLUSION Literature data regarding the phenomenon of obesity paradox in T2DM patients are controversial due to the several limitations of the studies; therefore in the management of patients with overweight/obesity and T2DM is recommended referring to the established guidelines, which indicate diet and physical activity as the cornerstone of the treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V: narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gravina
- Center for Eating Behaviour and Metabolism Disorders, Casa di Cura San Rossore, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Nebbiai
- Center for Eating Behaviour and Metabolism Disorders, Casa di Cura San Rossore, Pisa, Italy
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Zheng R, Wang P, Cao B, Wu M, Li X, Wang H, Chai L. Intestinal response characteristic and potential microbial dysbiosis in digestive tract of Bufo gargarizans after exposure to cadmium and lead, alone or combined. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129511. [PMID: 33445016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune organ in the body and meanwhile, accommodates a large number of microorganisms. Heavy metals could disturb the intestinal homeostasis and change the gut microbial composition. However, the information regarding the links between dysbiosis of gut microbiota and imbalance of host intestinal homeostasis induced by the mixture of heavy metals is insufficient. The present study investigates the effects of Cd/Pb, both single and combination exposure, on the growth performance, intestinal histology, digestive enzymes activity, oxidative stress and immune parameters, and intestinal microbiota in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles. Our results revealed that co-exposure of Cd-Pb induced more severe impacts not only on the host, but the intestinal microbiota. On the one hand, co-exposure of Cd-Pb significantly induced growth retardation, intestinal histological injury, decreased activities of digestive enzymes. On the other hand, Cd and Pb exposure, especially in mixed form, changed the diversity and richness, structure of microbiota. Also, the intestinal microbial composition was altered by Cd/Pb exposure (alone and combination) both at the different levels. Proteobacteria, act as front-line responder, was significantly increased in tadpoles under the exposure of metals. Finally, the functional prediction revealed that the disorders of metabolism and immune responses of intestinal microbiota was increased in tadpoles exposed to Cd/Pb (especially the mixture of Cd and Pb). Our research complements the understanding of links between changes in host fitness loss and intestinal microbiota and will add a new dimension of knowledge to the ecological risks of mixed heavy metals in amphibian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Baoping Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minyao Wu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China.
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Quiñones-Ossa GA, Lobo C, Garcia-Ballestas E, Florez WA, Moscote-Salazar LR, Agrawal A. Obesity and Stroke: Does the Paradox Apply for Stroke? Neurointervention 2021; 16:9-19. [PMID: 33389919 PMCID: PMC7946563 DOI: 10.5469/neuroint.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, obesity has been identified as one of the most important risk factors for developing cardiovascular diseases including stroke; however, a theory called "The Obesity Paradox" has been recently considered. The paradoxical theory is that obese or overweight patients (according to body mass index score) can have better outcomes compared to leaner or malnourished patients. The paradox was initially discovered in patients with heart failure. The purpose of this manuscript was to investigate whether this paradox also applies to stroke patients, according to information available in the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Quiñones-Ossa
- Faculty of Medicine, University El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CIB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Carolina Lobo
- Faculty of Medicine, University El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ezequiel Garcia-Ballestas
- Consejo Latinoamericano de Neurointensivismo (CLaNi), Cartagena, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CIB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - William A Florez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CIB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
- Consejo Latinoamericano de Neurointensivismo (CLaNi), Cartagena, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CIB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Zhang L, Ruan X, Ju R, Qin S, Wang B, Dou Z, Xu X, Mueck AO. Lumbar bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT): association with abdominal adipose tissue in different menopausal periods of Chinese women. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:264-268. [PMID: 33084429 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1836147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between abdominal adipose tissue and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) in different menopausal periods of Chinese women. METHODS 230 women were included in this cross-sectional study. Subjects were divided into a perimenopausal and postmenopausal group. Lumbar BMD was measured by QCT to assess total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). The concomitant variables age, body mass index (BMI), and endocrine hormones were also considered. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the relationship between abdominal adipose tissue and BMD. RESULTS In the perimenopausal group, Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no significant association among TAT, SAT, VAT, and BMD (all p > .05). In the postmenopausal group, BMD was negatively correlated with TAT, SAT, and VAT. In both groups, after adjustment for age and BMI, multiple linear regression analysis showed that VAT was negatively correlated with BMD (p < .05). In contrast, there was no significant correlation with TAT, SAT, and BMD. CONCLUSIONS High VAT volume is associated with low lumbar BMD in both perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. TAT and SAT have no significant correlation with lumbar trabecular BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyan Ruan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Women's Health, Research Centre for Women's Health and University Women's Hospital of Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rui Ju
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binhong Wang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuli Dou
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Alfred Otto Mueck
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Women's Health, Research Centre for Women's Health and University Women's Hospital of Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In association with the rapid lengthening of life expectancy and the ever-rising prevalence of obesity, many studies explored in the elderly the phenomenon usually defined as the obesity paradox. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS This article is a narrative overview of seventy-two papers (1999-2019) that investigated the obesity paradox during the aging process. Twenty-nine documents are examined more in detail. RESULTS The majority of studies suggesting the existence of an obesity paradox have evaluated just BMI as an index of obesity. Some aspects are often not assessed or are underestimated, in particular body composition and visceral adiposity, sarcopenic obesity, and cardio fitness. Many studies support that central fat and relative loss of fat-free mass may become relatively more important than BMI in determining the health risk associated with obesity in older ages. CONCLUSION Inaccurate assessments may lead to a systematic underestimation of the impact of obesity on morbidity and premature mortality and, consequently, to clinical behaviors that are not respectful of the health of elderly patients. Knowledge of the changes in body composition and fat distribution will help to better understand the relationship between obesity, morbidity, and mortality in the elderly. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, narrative overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavio Bosello
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Mozafar Saadati H, Mehrabi Y, Sabour S, Mansournia MA, Hashemi Nazari SS. Estimating the effects of body mass index and central obesity on stroke in diabetics and non-diabetics using targeted maximum likelihood estimation: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:628-637. [PMID: 33354341 PMCID: PMC7746966 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association of body mass index (BMI) with the risk of cardiovascular disease among diabetic patients is controversial. This study compared the effects of BMI and central obesity on stroke in diabetics and non-diabetics using targeted maximum likelihood estimation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analysis included 12 725 adults aged 45-75 years, after excluding prevalence cases and participants with missing data, from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Obesity was defined with BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body shape index (BSI) and body roundness index (BRI), which categorized all participants as obese and non-obese. Generalized linear models and TMLE (with the tmle package) were used to estimate risk ratio (RR). RESULTS During 27 years of follow-up, 1078 (8.47%) cases of stroke occurred. After adjustment for demographic, behavioural, biologic and central obesity variables, the effect of BMI decreased in both diabetics and non-diabetics. The effect of BMI in diabetics was more attenuated, in full model, (RR: 1.04 [0.90, 1.20]) rather than non-diabetics (RR: 1.11 [1.00, 1.24]). This attenuation was more related to biologic variables in non-diabetics and central obesity in diabetics. With respect to central obesity, BSI (RR [95% CI]: 1.15 [0.96, 1.38]) and WHR (RR [95% CI]: 1.15 [0.87, 1.52]) had strongest and marginally significant effects for diabetics and BSI (RR [95% CI]: 1.10 [1.02, 1.20]) for non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS Among diabetics, BSI and WHR indices were associated with a higher incidence of stroke. Future studies should consider how central obesity affects higher incidence of stroke among diabetics stratified by sex and age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mozafar Saadati
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and safetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and safetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Siamak Sabour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and safetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and SafetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Polivy J, Herman CP, Mills JS. What is restrained eating and how do we identify it? Appetite 2020; 155:104820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Adami G, Gatti D, Rossini M, Orsolini G, Pollastri F, Bertoldo E, Viapiana O, Bertoldo F, Giollo A, Fassio A. Risk of fragility fractures in obesity and diabetes: a retrospective analysis on a nation-wide cohort. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2113-2122. [PMID: 32613408 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study aims to investigate the role of obesity and diabetes on bone health in a nation-wide cohort of women with high risk of fracture. INTRODUCTION The role of obesity and diabetes on fracture risk is yet poorly understood. Body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) are strongly correlated; however, patients with elevated BMI are not protected against fractures, configuring the obesity paradox. A similar controversial association has been also found in diabetic patients. Herein, we present a retrospective analysis on 59,950 women. METHODS Using a new web-based fracture risk-assessment tool, we have collected demographic (including BMI), densitometric, and clinical data (including history of vertebral or hip and non-vertebral, non-hip fractures, presence of comorbidities). We performed a propensity score generation with 1:1 matching for patients in the obese (BMI ≥ 30) and non-obese (BMI < 30) groups, in the diabetics and non-diabetics. Propensity score estimates were estimated using a logistic regression model derived from the clinical variables: age, lumbar spine T-score, and femoral neck T-score. RESULTS We found an association between diabetes and fractures of any kind (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.4 and 1.3, 95% CI 1.2-1.5 for vertebral or hip fractures and non-vertebral, non-hip fractures, respectively). Obesity, on the other hand, was significantly associated only with non-vertebral, non-hip fractures (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6). To estimate the individual effect of obesity and diabetes on bone health, we ran sensitivity analyses which included obese non-diabetic patients and non-obese diabetic patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Non-obese diabetics had the highest risk of vertebral or hip fracture, whereas obese non-diabetics predominantly had non-vertebral, non-hip fracture's risk. These results should raise awareness in clinical practice when evaluating diabetic and/or obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adami
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - D Gatti
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - M Rossini
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - G Orsolini
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - F Pollastri
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - E Bertoldo
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - O Viapiana
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - F Bertoldo
- Bone Metabolism and Osteoncology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Giollo
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - A Fassio
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
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Trius‐Soler M, Santillán‐Alarcón DA, Martínez‐Huélamo M, Lamuela‐Raventós RM, Moreno JJ. Effect of physiological factors, pathologies, and acquired habits on the sweet taste threshold: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3755-3773. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trius‐Soler
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- INSA‐UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute University of Barcelona Santa Coloma de Gramanet Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Dimitri A. Santillán‐Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez‐Huélamo
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- INSA‐UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute University of Barcelona Santa Coloma de Gramanet Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela‐Raventós
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- INSA‐UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute University of Barcelona Santa Coloma de Gramanet Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Juan José Moreno
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- INSA‐UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute University of Barcelona Santa Coloma de Gramanet Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Obesity (Diabesity). The Central Role of Gut Microbiota and Its Translational Applications. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092749. [PMID: 32917030 PMCID: PMC7551493 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition of rising prevalence worldwide, with important socioeconomic implications, being considered as a growing public health concern. Frequently, obesity brings other complications in addition to itself—like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)—sharing origin, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. In this context, some authors have decided to include both conditions as a unique entity known as “diabesity”. In fact, understanding diabesity as a single disease is possible to maximise the benefits from therapies received in these patients. Gut microbiota plays a key role in individual’s health, and their alterations, either in its composition or derived products are related to a wide range of metabolic disorders like T2DM and obesity. The present work aims to collect the different changes reported in gut microbiota in patients with T2DM associated with obesity and their possible role in the onset, development, and establishment of the disease. Moreover, current research lines to modulate gut microbiota and the potential clinical translation derived from the knowledge of this system will also be reviewed, which may provide support for a better clinical management of such a complex condition.
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Wardlow RD, Bernstein IA, Orlov CP, Rowan NR. Implications of Obesity on Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Postoperative Complications: An Analysis of the NSQIP Database. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 164:675-682. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599820955180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the influence of body mass index on postoperative adverse events in adult patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Database of the American College of Surgeons NSQIP (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program) from 2006 to 2018. Methods The NSQIP database was queried for adult patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. The total sample (N = 1546) was stratified by nonobese (18.5 kg/m2≤ body mass index <30 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Demographics, comorbidities, intraoperative variables, and postoperative adverse events were compared via chi-square analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Results Obese patients accounted for 49.7% (n = 768) of the cohort. Obese patients had a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (class III, 45.1% vs 29.5%; P < .001), rate of diabetes (18.2% vs 7.2%, P < .001), and rate of hypertension requiring medication (43.1% vs 23.0%, P < .001). Nonobese patients were more likely to be >58 years of age (23.4% vs 29.0%, P = .02) and have disseminated cancer (<1% vs 3.2%, P < .001). The obese cohort had a lower frequency of surgical complications (3.0% vs 5.4%, P = .027), driven by frequency of perioperative bleeding (1.8% vs 3.7%, P = .022). There was no statistical difference in medical complications ( P = .775), unplanned readmissions ( P = .286), unplanned reoperations ( P = .053), or 30-day mortality ( P > .999). After multivariable adjustment, obese subjects had decreased odds of any surgical complication (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.567; 95% CI, 0.329-0.979), perioperative bleeding (aOR, 0.474; 95% CI, 0.239-0.942), and any adverse postoperative event (aOR, 0.740; 95% CI, 0.566-0.968). Conclusion Obesity does not increase the risk of 30-day adverse outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery and may even be protective against perioperative bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Wardlow
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Isaac A. Bernstein
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cinthia P. Orlov
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Rowan
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Vicente Martin C, Rabago Torre LR, Castillo Herrera LA, Arias Rivero M, Perez Ferrer M, Collado Pacheco D, Martin Rios MD, Barba Martin R, Ramiro Martin J, Vazquez-Echarri J, Herrera Merino N. Preoperative intragastric balloon in morbid obesity is unable to decrease early postoperative morbidity of bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass): a clinical assay. Surg Endosc 2020; 34:2519-2531. [PMID: 31399943 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-07061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are few studies that investigate the usefulness of the preoperative intragastric balloon (IGB). This study will evaluate if pre-surgical weight loss with IGB reduces morbidity and mortality after surgery. METHOD Prospective randomised study of patients with morbid obesity treated with gastric bypass or vertical gastrectomy, with two arms: the balloon arm (B-arm), where an IGB was inserted within the 6 months before surgery, and the control arm (C-arm). RESULTS The study included 66 patients: 65.6% women, 69.6% with bypass. Age: 43 years (SD 10.2) B-arm and 42.6 years (SD 9.2) in the C-arm. We found 34.4% therapeutic failures in IGB. The mean body weight loss, %EWL and BMI reduction before surgery was 16.2 kg (SD 9.84) B-arm versus 4.7 (SD 8.70) in the C-arm, 23.6% versus 4.7% (p < 0.001) and 6.04 versus 1 (p < 0.001), respectively. The hospital stay was 7 days (p25-75: 5-8) B-arm and 7 days (p25-75: 5-9) in the C-arm (p = 0.937). Post-surgical morbidity with IGB was 25% versus 29.5% in the C-arm, p = 0.689. The number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent of post-surgical morbidity was 23 patients. The B-arm presented 54.5% moderate-severe post-surgical adverse events (12.5%) versus 82.6% in the C-arm (23.5%), p = 0.111. The cost of placing a balloon was more than 4000 Euros each. CONCLUSIONS The preoperative balloon does not achieve a reduction in the post-surgical morbidity, nor does it reduce the hospital stay or rate of re-operations. The balloon achieves a higher weight loss result when compared to a diet programme, its added cost must also be given due consideration. TRAIL REGISTRY This study has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the Identifier: NCT01998243 (November 28, 2013).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vicente Martin
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, c/Gladiolo sn, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis R Rabago Torre
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital San Rafael, C/ Serrano 199, 28016, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis A Castillo Herrera
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisa Arias Rivero
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Perez Ferrer
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Collado Pacheco
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Martin Rios
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, c/Gladiolo sn, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Barba Martin
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, c/Gladiolo sn, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ramiro Martin
- Surgical Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Vazquez-Echarri
- Surgical Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Norberto Herrera Merino
- Surgical Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Av. de Orellana, s/n, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
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Ceccarelli G, Pinacchio C, Santinelli L, Adami PE, Borrazzo C, Cavallari EN, Vullo A, Innocenti GP, Mezzaroma I, Mastroianni CM, d’Ettorre G. Physical Activity and HIV: Effects on Fitness Status, Metabolism, Inflammation and Immune-Activation. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:1042-1050. [PMID: 31016505 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several studies evidenced that a sedentary lifestyle is related with higher levels of systemic inflammation and highlighted that physical activity can trigger anti-inflammatory effects. To evaluate the impact of self-prescribed physical activity on fitness status, metabolism, inflammation and immune-activation in people living with HIV, an interim analysis of the results of the clinical trial PRIMO (NCT03392805) was performed. Patients enrolled were divided in 2 groups on the basis of self-prescribed physical activity: a physically active group (self-prescribed physical activity) and a sedentary group. Physical fitness was evaluated by sport medicine specialists and related to nutritional status, anthropometric variables, adipokines levels (adiponectin, leptin, resistin), peripheral immune-activation (CD38, HLA-DR on CD4 and CD8), and plasma inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF-α). The physically active group had a better profile in anthropometric measures and aerobic fitness but did not show lower levels of immune-activation compared to sedentary group. Also serum IL-6, TNF-α, and adipokines levels showed no statistical differences. On the basis of these data, a regular self-organized physical activity seems useful to improve cardio-respiratory fitness, but unable to control HIV-related immune-activation.
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Metabolic Health-The Role of Adipo-Myokines. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246159. [PMID: 31817641 PMCID: PMC6941068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is now a worldwide epidemic. In recent years, different phenotypes of obesity, ranging from metabolically healthy normal weight to metabolically unhealthy obese, were described. Although there is no standardized definition for these phenotypes or for metabolic health, the influence of lifestyle and early-life factors is undisputed. In this context, the ratio of muscle-to-fat tissue seems to play a crucial role. Both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are highly heterogeneous endocrine organs secreting several hormones, with myokines and adipokines being involved in local autocrine/paracrine interactions and crosstalk with other tissues. Some of these endocrine factors are secreted by both tissues and are, therefore, termed adipo-myokines. High (cardiorespiratory) fitness as a surrogate parameter for an active lifestyle is epidemiologically linked to “better” metabolic health, even in the obese; this may be partly due to the role of adipo-myokines and the crosstalk between adipose and muscle tissue. Therefore, it is essential to consider (cardiovascular) fitness in the definition of metabolically healthy obese/metabolic health and to perform longitudinal studies in this regard. A better understanding of both the (early-life) lifestyle factors and the underlying mechanisms that mediate different phenotypes is necessary for the tailored prevention and personalized treatment of obesity.
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Body Composition and Biochemical Markers of Nutrition in Non-dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1251:81-89. [PMID: 31745729 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the body composition in stages 3b to 5 of chronic kidney disease. There were 149 patients included in the study, with the mean age of 65.5 ± 16.5 years, body mass index (BMI) of 29.4 ± 5.6 kg/m2, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 23.2 ± 9.3/min/1.73m2. They remained with dialysis. Body composition was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy, and handgrip strength was measured with a hydraulic dynamometer. The main biochemical markers assessed consisted of serum protein, albumin, prealbumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and interleukin (IL)-6 content. We found that 39% of patients were overweight and 41% were obese. Obesity was more prevalent in stage 3b of chronic kidney disease than in stages 4-5 in women and in patients older than 60 years of age. Thirty-eight percent of the study population were sarcopenic, of whom 20% presented a sarcopenic obesity phenotype. There were significant associations between lean tissue index (LTI) and serum prealbumin content and handgrip strength. Fat tissue index (FTI) was associated and hsCRP, serum protein, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio. There were inverse associations between FTI-LTI and LTI-age. We conclude that the prevalence of obesity in non-dialysis-dependent patients with chronic kidney disease is higher than that in the general population. Earlier stages of chronic kidney disease are associated with a higher prevalence of obesity.
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50
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[Prevalence of metabolic health in Mallorca obese patients]. NUTR HOSP 2019; 36:1087-1094. [PMID: 31516004 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aims: to assess the prevalence of metabolic health in Mallorca obese patients. Methods: participants were classified in metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically non-healthy obese (MNHO). Food, toxic and lifestyle habits, time of obesity evolution, breastfeeding, obesity in childhood and family history of obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceridemia were evaluated in 457 obese patients. Results: prevalence of MHO was 49.2% and that of MNHO was 50.8%. MHO phenotype decreased with age. All patients showed inadequate habits. Consumption of fruits, salads and vegetables, tobacco and physical activity were similar between both groups; 37.4% of patients consumed sugary sweet drinks, and 52.9% consumed alcohol, higher in MNHO (4.3%) than in MHO (0.4%). MNHO showed higher values of BMI, abdominal circumference, fat percentage and visceral fatty index, as well as all metabolically studied outcomes. Conclusions: more than half of assessed obese population showed metabolic complications, but all obese population showed similar inadequate food and lifestyle habits. Increase of age, low educational level, years of obesity evolution, and visceral localization of fat are associated with a metabolically non-healthy status. Criteria to define and typify the metabolic state of obese subjects should be unified.
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