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Koizumi M, Ishikawa S, Marui K, Kokubu M, Okujima Y, Numata Y, Imamura Y, Kumagi T, Hiasa Y. Pancreatic Pseudocyst after Fully Covered Self-expandable Metallic Stent Placement. Intern Med 2024; 63:2943-2947. [PMID: 38403761 PMCID: PMC11604373 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3178-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A 70-year-old woman presented with stage III pancreatic head cancer. After endoscopic sphincterotomy, a fully covered self-expandable metallic stent (FCSEMS) was placed in the common bile duct to manage jaundice. The patient developed a fever and abdominal pain 40 days after stent placement, with a suspected diagnosis of infected pancreatic pseudocyst. Purulent discharge from the papilla was observed during FCSEMS removal, and pancreatography revealed a pseudocyst connected to the main pancreatic duct. The pancreatic pseudocyst resolved after transpapillary drainage. Pancreatic pseudocysts should be suspected after biliary FCSEMS placement, and prompt removal and endoscopic drainage of the FCSEMS should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhito Koizumi
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sho Ishikawa
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kaori Marui
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masahito Kokubu
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okujima
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuki Numata
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Imamura
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Teru Kumagi
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
- Postgraduate Medical Education Center, Ehime University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Pessoa RRDP, Bestetti AM, Oliveira VLD, Araujo WCD, Guaraldi S, Rodrigues Silva RR, Oliveira FAA, Ribeiro MSI, Carneiro FOAA, D'Assunção MA, Medrado BFOA, Retes FA, Paulo GAD, Schneider NC, Rossini LGB, Vallinoto L, Ardengh JC, Coelho Neto DE, Ide E, Silva MCB, Franco MC, Matuguma SE, Moura DTHD, Arantes VN, Nahoum R, Brunaldi VO, Santos MELD, Chaves DM, Micelli-Neto O, Salomao BC, Maluf-Filho F, Luz GDO. III BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2024; 61:e24062. [PMID: 39442127 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.24612024-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND •Since its inception in the 1980s, endoscopic ultrasound has increased relevance and usefulness in clinical practice. BACKGROUND •Endoscopic ultrasound has evolved from solely diagnostic imaging to a valuable method for tissue sampling and therapeutic procedures, such as drainage of pancreatic fluid collections and creating gastrointestinal anastomoses under EUS guidance. BACKGROUND •Given the rapid advancements in EUS and new devices, an update to the last Consensus must include recent developments. BACKGROUND •Experts evaluated and discussed the best evidence on EUS-guided procedures and devices for tissue sampling, pancreatic and liver disease management, and biliary drainage. BACKGROUND In the past decades, endoscopic ultrasound has developed from a diagnostic tool to a platform for many therapeutic interventions. Various technological advancements have emerged since the last Brazilian Consensus, demanding a review and update of the recommendations based on the best scientific evidence. METHODS A group of 32 renowned echoendoscopists selected eight relevant topics to be discussed to generate clinical questions. After that, a literature review was conducted to answer these questions based on the most updated evidence. RESULTS Thirty-three statements were formulated and voted on by the experts to reach a consensus. The Oxford System was used to grade the level of evidence. CONCLUSION There is mo-derate evidence to support that the needle shape, gauge, or aspiration technique does not influence the yield of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue sampling of pancreatic solid lesions. There is moderate evidence to support using EUS-TTNB of the cyst wall to differentiate between mucinous and non-mucinous cystic neoplasms. There is little evidence to support the EUS-guided treatment of gastric varices. There is a high level of evidence to support that EUS-guided biliary drainage and ERCP present similar outcomes in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction. There is a high level of evidence for using EUS to diagnose neoplastic pancreatic cysts and detect necrosis before indicating drainage. There is moderate evidence to support EUS-GE over duodenal stent for malignant gastric outlet obstruction in patients with a life expectancy higher than 2 months. There is a high level of evidence to support the use of RFA in treating both functioning and non-functioning types of NET.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Moraes Bestetti
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Victor Lira de Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Roda Rodrigues Silva
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Endoscopia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - Fred Olavo Aragão Andrade Carneiro
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Unidade de Endoscopia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Felipe Alves Retes
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Endoscopia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Leonardo Vallinoto
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Edson Ide
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Sergio Eiji Matuguma
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Vitor Nunes Arantes
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Endoscopia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Rafael Nahoum
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Vitor Ottoboni Brunaldi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Dalton Marques Chaves
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Fauze Maluf-Filho
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Gastroenterologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo de Oliveira Luz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Unidade de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Abstract
AbstractInterventional endoscopy is now considered an effective minimally invasive treatment modality for the management of pancreatic diseases. It is important for the clinician to know the indications and contraindications as well as the timing of various endoscopic interventions. This will help in its safe and effective use and consequently decrease morbidity and mortality from various pancreatic diseases. This review will provide a broad overview of the indications, techniques, and outcomes of pancreatic endotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaneet Jearth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Surinder S. Rana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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He YG, Li J, Peng XH, Wu J, Xie MX, Tang YC, Zheng L, Huang XB. Sequential therapy with combined trans-papillary endoscopic naso-pancreatic and endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage for pancreatic pseudocysts. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:6254-6267. [PMID: 34434992 PMCID: PMC8362563 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i22.6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage (ERPD) and stent implantation has become the major treatment method for pancreatic pseudocysts. However, it is associated with a high recurrence rate and infection. AIM To manage pancreatic pseudocysts by sequential therapy with endoscopic naso-pancreatic drainage (ENPD) combined with ERPD and evaluate the treatment outcome. METHODS One hundred and sixty-two cases of pancreatic pseudocyst confirmed by endoscopic examination at our hospital between January 2014 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 152 cases of intubation via the duodenal papilla, of which 92 involved pancreatic duct stent implantation and 60 involved sequential therapy with combined ENPD and ERPD (two-step procedure). The success rate of the procedure, incidence of complications (infection, bleeding, etc.), recurrence, and length and cost of hospitalization were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The incidence of infection was significantly higher in the ERPD group (12 cases) than in the two-step procedure group (2 cases). Twelve patients developed infection in the ERPD group, and anti-infection therapy was effective in five cases but not in the remaining seven cases. Infection presented as fever and chills in the two-step procedure group. The reoperation rate was significantly higher in the ERPD group with seven cases compared with zero cases in the two-step procedure group (P < 0.05). Similarly, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the ERPD group (19 cases) than in the two-step procedure group (0 cases). CONCLUSION Sequential therapy with combined ENPD and ERPD is safe and effective in patients with pancreatic pseudocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xue-Hui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ming-Xun Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yi-Chen Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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Venkatesh V, Lal SB, Rana SS, Anushree N, Aneja A, Seetharaman K, Saxena A. Pancreatic ascites and Pleural Effusion in Children: Clinical Profile, Management and Outcomes. Pancreatology 2021; 21:98-102. [PMID: 33349510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ascites (PA) and pleural effusion (PPE) are rarely encountered in children. They develop due to disruption of the pancreatic duct (PD) or leakage from an associated pancreatic fluid collection (PFC). The literature on childhood PA/PPE and its management is scarce. METHODS A retrospective review of children with PA/PPE diagnosed and managed at our center over the last 4 years was performed. The clinical, biochemical, radiological and management profiles were analyzed. Conservative management included nil per oral, octreotide and drainage using either percutaneous catheter or repeated paracentesis. Endotherapy included endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and transpapillary stenting. RESULTS Of the 214 children with pancreatitis, 15 (7%) had PA/PPE. Median age was 9 years with a third under 2 years. Median ascitic fluid amylase was 8840 U/L and all had elevated protein (>2.5 g/dl) and low serum ascites-albumin gradient ascites (<1.1). While PA/PPE was the first manifestation of underlying chronic pancreatitis (CP) in 10 children (67%), trauma was seen in 4 (26%) and hypertriglyceridemia in 1 (7%). On imaging, PD disruption could be identified in 10 (67%) children. ERCP and stenting was done in 10 children. Conservative management alone (n = 4) and endotherapy (n = 10) was successful in 93% with only one requiring surgery. The younger children (n = 4), were managed conservatively and only 1 of them required surgery. Resolution of PA/PPE was achieved in all with no recurrences. CONCLUSIONS Conservative management and ERCP plus transpapillary stenting results in resolution of majority of pediatric PA/PPE. Children presenting with PA/PPE needs to be evaluated for CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vybhav Venkatesh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sadhna Bhasin Lal
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Surinder Singh Rana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Anushree
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aradhana Aneja
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Keerthivasan Seetharaman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Saxena
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Tan JH, Chin W, Shaikh AL, Zheng S. Pancreatic pseudocyst: Dilemma of its recent management (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:159. [PMID: 33456526 PMCID: PMC7792492 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in radiological techniques have led to an increase in the number of diagnoses of pancreatic pseudocyst, which is the most common pancreatic cyst lesion disease, accounting for two-thirds of all pancreatic cyst lesions. Historically, the management of pancreatic pseudocyst has been achieved through the use of conservative treatments and surgery; however, due to the complications and recurrence rate associated with these techniques, the management of pancreatic pseudocyst is challenging. Surgeons and gastroenterologists have attempted to determine the optimal management technique to treat pancreatic pseudocyst to reduce complications and the recurrence rate. From these investigations, percutaneous catheter, surgical and endoscopic drainage with ultrasonography guidance have become promising management techniques. The present review aimed to summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic methods used for the management of pancreatic pseudocyst and to compare percutaneous catheter, surgical and endoscopic drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hartanto Tan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Health Commission of China Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Chin
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Health Commission of China Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Abdul Lateef Shaikh
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Health Commission of China Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Health Commission of China Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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7
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Tang Y, Peng Z, Liu H. Preoperative endoscopic transpapillary stenting: A solution to preventing and/or treating postsurgical external pancreatic fistula and infection in patients with infected necrotizing pancreatitis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 141:109733. [PMID: 32305814 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, open surgical necrosectomy is only performed when the step-up approach fails in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. As a common complication after surgery, external pancreatic fistula often leads to a long hospital stay and increased expenditure. Current therapeutic strategies include conservative management; however, unresponsive patients with pancreatic leaks will frequently require interventions. Existing evidence indicates that endoscopic transpapillary stenting can shorten the duration of external pancreatic fistula; however, the length of conservative treatment in the early stage cannot be avoided. Therefore, endoscopic transpapillary stenting cannot play a decisive role in the treatment and prevention of postsurgical external pancreatic fistula. The authors propose that endoscopic transpapillary stenting before surgery, however, can be used to prevent and treat postsurgical external pancreatic fistula and complications caused by the prolonged maintenance of the drainage tube for abscesses, including retrograde infection, through its physiological drainage effect. This hypothesis has important clinical implications for the accelerated postoperative recovery of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuxiang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongming Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Farias GF, Bernardo WM, De Moura DT, Guedes HG, Brunaldi VO, Visconti TADC, Gonçalves CV, Sakai CM, Matuguma SE, dos Santos ME, Sakai P, De Moura EG. Endoscopic versus surgical treatment for pancreatic pseudocysts: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14255. [PMID: 30813129 PMCID: PMC6407966 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare surgical and endoscopic treatment for pancreatic pseudocyst (PP). METHODS The researchers did a search in Medline, EMBASE, Scielo/Lilacs, and Cochrane electronic databases for studies comparing surgical and endoscopic drainage of PP s in adult patients. Then, the extracted data were used to perform a meta-analysis. The outcomes were therapeutic success, drainage-related adverse events, general adverse events, recurrence rate, cost, and time of hospitalization. RESULTS There was no significant difference between treatment success rate (risk difference [RD] -0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.20,0.01]; P = .07), drainage-related adverse events (RD -0.02; 95% CI [-0.04,0.08]; P = .48), general adverse events (RD -0.05; 95% CI [-0.12, 0.02]; P = .13) and recurrence (RD: 0.02; 95% CI [-0.04,0.07]; P = .58) between surgical and endoscopic treatment.Regarding time of hospitalization, the endoscopic group had better results (RD: -4.23; 95% CI [-5.18, -3.29]; P < .00001). When it comes to treatment cost, the endoscopic arm also had better outcomes (RD: -4.68; 95% CI [-5.43,-3.94]; P < .00001). CONCLUSION There is no significant difference between surgical and endoscopic treatment success rates, adverse events and recurrence for PP. However, time of hospitalization and treatment costs were lower in the endoscopic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galileu F.A. Farias
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Wanderley M. Bernardo
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Instituto do Coração (InCor, Heart Institute), University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo T.H. De Moura
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | | | - Vitor O. Brunaldi
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Thiago A. de C. Visconti
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Caio V.T. Gonçalves
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Christiano M. Sakai
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Sergio E. Matuguma
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Marcos E.L. dos Santos
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Paulo Sakai
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
| | - Eduardo G.H. De Moura
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar
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Kawaguchi S, Kikuyama M, Satoh T, Terada S. Use of Nasopancreatic Drainage for Severe Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A Case Series. Intern Med 2018; 57:2657-2662. [PMID: 29709935 PMCID: PMC6191584 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0549-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Five patients complaining of severe pain due to severe post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) underwent nasopancreatic drainage (NPD) placement. Pain relief was achieved on the second, fourth, and fifth day in three, one, and one patients, respectively. Four patients underwent pancreatic juice culture; all were positive. Our results suggest that NPD can relieve severe PEP with severe pain. Bacteria-induced protease-activated receptor-2 activation may be associated with PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Japan
| | - Masataka Kikuyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Satoh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Japan
| | - Shuzo Terada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Japan
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10
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Sharma SS, Singh B, Jain M, Maharshi S, Nijhawan S, Sapra B, Jhajharia A. Endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts and walled-off pancreatic necrosis: A two-decade experience. Indian J Gastroenterol 2016; 35:40-47. [PMID: 26923376 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-016-0624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine long-term outcome of endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocyst/walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) without necrosectomy. METHODS One-hundred and sixty-five pancreatic pseudocysts/WOPN managed endoscopically over a period of 22 years were analyzed retrospectively for technical success, complications, and recurrence. RESULTS Symptomatic 118 males and 47 females with mean age of 35.8 years were included. Alcohol was the most common etiology (41.2%). Transmural endoscopic drainage was done in 144 patients, while 21 patients underwent transpapillary drainage. All the patients were subjected to contrast computed tomography (CT) abdomen or routine/Doppler ultrasound. Endoscopic ultrasound was done in last 11 patients. One or two double pigtail 7 Fr stents were placed when clear watery fluid came out from cyst (130 patients, 78.8%), and nasocystic drainage (NCD) tubes were placed in addition to two 7 Fr stents when there were frank pus, thick dark fluid, or solid components inside the cyst (35 patients). All these patients settled on this treatment. Thirty-three of 35 patients of WOPN could be managed endoscopically without necrosectomy. Complications occurred in 9.2% of pseudocysts and 40% of WOPN. Thirty-five patients were followed up for more than 5 years (3 patients more than 10 years), and 130 patients were followed up for up to 5 years. Recurrence occurred in 8.1% of pseudocysts and 5.7% of WOPN. CONCLUSION Majority of pancreatic pseudocysts/WOPN can be managed with endoscopic drainage without necrosectomy with high success, low complication, and recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam S Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India.
| | - Bir Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India
| | - Mukesh Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India
| | - Sudhir Maharshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, G B Pant Hospital, 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110 002, India
| | - Sandeep Nijhawan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India
| | - Bharat Sapra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India
| | - Ashok Jhajharia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Gangawal Park, Jaipur, 302 004, India
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Smoczyński M, Jagielski M, Jabłońska A, Adrych K. Transpapillary drainage of walled-off pancreatic necrosis - a single center experience. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2016; 10:527-533. [PMID: 26865888 PMCID: PMC4729724 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2015.55677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) often coexists with disruption of the main pancreatic duct that manifests as a leak of contrast medium into the necrotic collection during endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of treatment of patients with symptomatic WOPN and disruption of the main pancreatic duct, who underwent endoscopic transpapillary drainage as the only access to the necrosis cavity. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 22 patients with symptomatic WOPN, active endoscopic transpapillary drainage was performed. During endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), partial disruption of the main pancreatic duct was observed in 14 patients and complete disruption in 8 patients. After the active drainage was finished, a transpapillary pancreatic stent was inserted into the main pancreatic duct, which was later exchanged after 6, 12 and 24 months or when no extravasation of contrast from the pancreatic duct was observed. The results of treatment and complications were compared retrospectively. RESULTS The mean duration of active drainage was 22 (range: 7-94) days. Complications of endotherapy occurred in 3/22 patients. The mean time of the main pancreatic duct stenting was 304 (range: 85-519) days. Success of endoscopic treatment of WOPN and pancreatic duct disruption was achieved in 20/22 patients. During a 1-year follow-up, recurrence of the collection was noted in 4/20 patients. Long-term success was achieved in 16/22 patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with WOPN who cannot undergo transmural drainage when there is a communication between the necrotic collection and the main pancreatic duct, transpapillary access may be an effective and safe method of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Smoczyński
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jagielski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Jabłońska
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krystian Adrych
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Jagielski M, Smoczyński M, Adrych K. Transpapillary drainage of pancreatic parenchymal necrosis. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2015; 10:491-494. [PMID: 26649102 PMCID: PMC4653261 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2015.54075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades the strategy of treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis has changed. Endoscopic therapy of patients with symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis has a high rate of efficiency. Here we present a description of a patient with parenchymal limited necrosis of the pancreas and a disruption of the main pancreatic duct. In the treatment, active transpapillary drainage of the pancreatic necrosis (through the major duodenal papilla) was performed and insertion of an endoprosthesis into the main pancreatic duct (through the minor duodenal papilla) was applied, which enabled a bypass over the infiltration and resulted in complete resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Jagielski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marian Smoczyński
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krystian Adrych
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Kikuyama M, Nakamura K, Kurokami T. Alcoholic severe acute pancreatitis with positive culture of pancreatic juice treated by nasopancreatic drainage. Pancreatology 2014; 14:151-3. [PMID: 24854608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a serious disease associated with alcoholism and has a high mortality rate. Effective treatments have not been established. METHODS A 58-year-old man was admitted due to alcoholic SAP. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed pancreatic calculi at the pancreas head and a stricture in the pancreatic duct from the pancreas head to the body. Endoscopically, nasopancreatic drainage (NPD) was placed through the minor papilla to the pancreas tail beyond the stricture. RESULTS Pancreatic juice culture was positive for Streptococcus and Enterobacter. The day after NPD, upper abdominal pain was relieved. After changing NPD to a pancreatic stent, the patient was discharged on day 21 post-NPD. CONCLUSION Alcoholic SAP may reflect aggravation of chronic pancreatitis. The possibility of acute bacterial inflammation should be considered in all cases of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis who present with severe features of inflammation, even in the early stages of an attack. Treatment of this subset of cases by drainage could be of great importance and NPD may be the preferred method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kikuyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kurokami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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A “rendezvous technique” for treating a pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Surg Today 2013; 45:96-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-013-0740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rabie ME, El Hakeem I, Al Skaini MS, El Hadad A, Jamil S, Shah MT, Obaid M. Pancreatic pseudocyst or a cystic tumor of the pancreas? CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2013; 33:87-95. [PMID: 23958054 PMCID: PMC3935010 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.012.10296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic pseudocysts are the most common cystic lesions of the pancreas and may complicate acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic trauma. While the majority of acute pseudocysts resolve spontaneously, few may require drainage. On the other hand, pancreatic cystic tumors, which usually require extirpation, may disguise as pseudocysts. Hence, the distinction between the two entities is crucial for a successful outcome. We conducted this study to highlight the fundamental differences between pancreatic pseudocysts and cystic tumors so that relevant management plans can be devised. We reviewed the data of patients with pancreatic cystic lesions that underwent intervention between June 2007 and December 2010 in our hospital. We identified 9 patients (5 males and 4 females) with a median age of 40 years (range, 30–70 years). Five patients had pseudocysts, 2 had cystic tumors, and 2 had diseases of undetermined pathology. Pancreatic pseudocysts were treated by pseudocystogastrostomy in 2 cases and percutaneous drainage in 3 cases. One case recurred after percutaneous drainage and required pseudocystogastrostomy. The true pancreatic cysts were serous cystadenoma, which was treated by distal pancreatectomy, and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, which was initially treated by drainage, like a pseudocyst, and then by distal pancreatectomy when its true nature was revealed. We conclude that every effort should be exerted to distinguish between pancreatic pseudocysts and cystic tumors of the pancreas to avoid the serious misjudgement of draining rather than extirpating a pancreatic cystic tumor. Additionally, percutaneous drainage of a pancreatic pseudocyst is a useful adjunct that may substitute for surgical drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ezzedien Rabie
- Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region, PO Box 101, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia.
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