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Brzecka A, Martynowicz H, Daroszewski C, Majchrzak M, Ejma M, Misiuk-Hojło M, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Kosacka M. The Modulation of Adipokines, Adipomyokines, and Sleep Disorders on Carcinogenesis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072655. [PMID: 37048738 PMCID: PMC10094938 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and sarcopenia, i.e., decreased skeletal muscle mass and function, are global health challenges. Moreover, people with obesity and sedentary lifestyles often have sleep disorders. Despite the potential associations, metabolic disturbances linking obesity, sarcopenia, and sleep disorders with cancer are neither well-defined nor understood fully. Abnormal levels of adipokines and adipomyokines originating from both adipose tissue and skeletal muscles are observed in some patients with obesity, sarcopenia and sleep disorders, as well as in cancer patients. This warrants investigation with respect to carcinogenesis. Adipokines and adipomyokines may exert either pro-carcinogenic or anti-carcinogenic effects. These factors, acting independently or together, may significantly modulate the incidence and progression of cancer. This review indicates that one of the possible pathways influencing the development of cancer may be the mutual relationship between obesity and/or sarcopenia, sleep quantity and quality, and adipokines/adipomyokines excretion. Taking into account the high proportion of persons with obesity and sedentary lifestyles, as well as the associations of these conditions with sleep disturbances, more attention should be paid to the individual and combined effects on cancer pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cyryl Daroszewski
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Majchrzak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, Grabiszyńska105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Misiuk-Hojło
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Siva G. Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Cecil E. Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Monika Kosacka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
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Janmohammadi P, Raeisi T, Zarei M, Nejad MM, Karimi R, Mirali Z, Zafary R, Alizadeh S. Adipocytokines in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med 2023; 208:107122. [PMID: 36682601 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Adipocytokines play an important role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by mediating inflammatory responses. Previous studies have reported that OSA is related to a change in the serum levels of adipocytokines; however, the results are still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between OSA and circulating level of adipocytokines in adults and children. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in databases of Medline/PubMed and Scopus for pertinent articles published since their inception to July 2022. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the relationship between the concentrations of adipocytokines with OSA. RESULTS In the overall analysis, contrary to IL-10, which showed a significant reduction, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-17, and IFN- gamma showed higher levels in OSA patients in comparison with control groups (p <0.05). For adults, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17, IL-18, vaspin, visfatin, and chemerin were linked to a greater serum levels in patients with OSA, while, IL-5 and IL-10 were detected significantly lower in adults with OSA in comparison with healthy adults (p <0.05). In children with OSA, the serum levels of IL-4, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IFN-gamma were significantly higher than healthy children (p <0.05). CONCLUSION The levels of inflammatory markers were found to be higher in OSA patients compared with control individuals, suggesting that adipocytokines may contribute to the pathology of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi Nejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Karimi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Zahra Mirali
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zafary
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang LP, Zhang XX. Relationship between lipids and sleep apnea: Mendelian randomization analysis. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:11403-11410. [PMID: 36387818 PMCID: PMC9649573 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids increase the risk of sleep apnea; however, the causality between them is still inconclusive.
AIM To explore the causal relationship between serum lipids and sleep apnea using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data related to serum lipids were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium study, which included 188578 individuals of European ancestry. Additionally, sleep apnea-related SNP data were collected from the United Kingdom Biobank study, which comprised 463005 individuals of European ancestry. Two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the causality between serum lipids and sleep apnea based on the above public data.
RESULTS Genetically predicted low-density lipoprotein (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99 to 1.00; P = 0.58), high-density lipoprotein (OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.99 to 1.00; P = 0.91), triglyceride (OR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.99 to 1.00; P = 0.92), and total cholesterol (OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.99 to 1.00; P = 0.33) were causally unrelated to sleep apnea.
CONCLUSION Our MR analysis suggests that genetically predicted serum lipids are not risk factors of sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Peng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Qingzhou People's Hospital, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhang
- Department of AIDS Voluntary Counseling and Testing, Qingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong Province, China
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Sleep Disturbance and Metabolic Dysfunction: The Roles of Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031706. [PMID: 35163627 PMCID: PMC8835888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are a growing group of peptide or protein hormones that play important roles in whole body metabolism and metabolic diseases. Sleep is an integral component of energy metabolism, and sleep disturbance has been implicated in a wide range of metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipokines may play a role in mediating the close association between sleep disorders and systemic metabolic derangements. In this review, we briefly summarize a group of selected adipokines and their identified function in metabolism. Moreover, we provide a balanced overview of these adipokines and their roles in sleep physiology and sleep disorders from recent human and animal studies. These studies collectively demonstrate that the functions of adipokine in sleep physiology and disorders could be largely twofold: (1) adipokines have multifaceted roles in sleep physiology and sleep disorders, and (2) sleep disturbance can in turn affect adipokine functions that likely contribute to systemic metabolic derangements.
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Bettini S, Serra R, Fabris R, Dal Prà C, Favaretto F, Dassie F, Duso C, Vettor R, Busetto L. Association of obstructive sleep apnea with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obesity: an observational study. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:335-343. [PMID: 33811619 PMCID: PMC8019078 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with the presence and severity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSA and NAFLD and to recognize a polysomnographic parameter correlated with progression of fibrosis, determined by a non-invasive score of liver fibrosis, FIBrosis-4 index (FIB-4), in patients affected by severe obesity and OSA. METHODS We enrolled 334 patients (Body Mass Index, BMI 44.78 ± 8.99 kg/m2), divided into classes according to severity of OSA evaluated with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI): OSAS 0 or absent (17%), mild OSA (26%), moderate OSA (20%), severe OSAS (37%). We studied anthropometric, polysomnographic, biochemical data and FIB-4. A multiple regression model was computed to identify a polysomnographic independent predictor of FIB-4 among those parameters previously simple correlated with FIB-4. RESULTS The severity of OSA was associated with a decrease in High-Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) and an increase in BMI, triglycerides, Homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance index (HOMA), transaminases and FIB-4. FIB-4 correlated with sex, age, BMI, AHI, mean percentage oxyhaemoglobin (meanSaO2%), number of desaturations, platelets, transaminases, HDL, triglycerides and HOMA. The only variables independently related to FIB-4 were sex, BMI, triglycerides and meanSpO2 (r = 0.47, AdjRsqr = 0.197). CONCLUSION MeanSpO2% represented an independent determinant for the worsening of FIB-4 in patients with severe obesity and OSA. Hence, it could hypothesize a clinical role of meanSaO2% in recognizing patients with obesity and OSA and higher risk of developing advanced fibrosis and, thus, to undergo further investigation. LEVEL III Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bettini
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.
| | - Roberto Serra
- Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Fabris
- Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Dal Prà
- Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Favaretto
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Dassie
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Duso
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Center for the Study and the Integrated Management of Obesity, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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Bonanno L, Metro D, Papa M, Finzi G, Maviglia A, Sottile F, Corallo F, Manasseri L. Assessment of sleep and obesity in adults and children: Observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17642. [PMID: 31725607 PMCID: PMC6867771 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sleep allows many psychological processes, such as immune system activity, body metabolism and hormonal balance, emotional and mental health, learning, mnemonic processes. The lack of sleep could undermine mental and physical purposes, causing an alteration in cognitive functions or metabolic disorders. In our study, we have examined the irregular sleep effects with the overweight and obesity risk in children and adults.The sample was composed of 199 subjects, of which 71 adults, (29 males and 42 females), and 128 children (73 males and 55 females). We have measured the weight and height with standard techniques; we also have measured the body mass index dividing the weight in kg with the height square expressed in meters (kg/m). Subjects were divided into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Were administered some questionnaires to measure the quantity and quality of sleep, and eating habits and individual consumption of food.Analysis of demographic variables not showed significant differences between male and female groups but highlighted a significant trend differences in normal-weight score. The clinical condition has a substantial impact on body mass index score and sleep hours were significant predictor on this.Quantity and quality sleep can also represent a risk factor of overweight and obesity, so sufficient sleep is a factor that influence a normal weight. Adults and children that sleep less, have an increase in obesity and overweight risk with dysfunctional eating behaviors, decreased physical activity, and metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Metro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging University of Messina
| | - Mattia Papa
- Food and Nutrition Hygiene Service (SIAN) ASP 5 – Provincial Health Authority 5
| | | | - Antonia Maviglia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging University of Messina
| | | | | | - Luigi Manasseri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging University of Messina
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Adiponectin, Omentin, Ghrelin, and Visfatin Levels in Obese Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3410135. [PMID: 30151379 PMCID: PMC6087603 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3410135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Adiponectin, omentin, ghrelin, and visfatin are adipokines involved in insulin sensitivity or regulation of inflammatory disease. This study aims to clarify the relationship between OSA and associated adipokines. Patients and Methods Thirty overweight male patients with severe OSA and twenty controls underwent standard diagnostic polysomnography (PSG), and 10 patients underwent overnight continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Blood samples were collected in the morning after PSG or CPAP procedures. Results Among the investigated adipokines, only plasma omentin levels of patients with OSA were significantly lower than those of control subjects (442.94 ± 191.89 ng/ml versus 573.52±228.67 ng/ml, p=0.034) and levels did not change after CPAP treatment. In patients with OSA, omentin levels were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels (r=0.378, p=0.007), adiponectin levels (r=0.709, p<0.001), percentage of sleep at the rapid eye movement (REM) stage (r=0.307, p=0.003), and average and minimum SpO2 (p=0.041, 0.046, respectively) and negatively with hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP, r=-0.379, p=0.007) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, r=-0.315, p=0.026). However, plasma concentrations of adiponectin, ghrelin, and visfatin in patients with OSA did not significantly differ from those of the control or correlate with sleep parameters and CPAP treatment. Conclusions Patients with OSA have decreased omentin levels, which are associated with sleep parameters, including AHI, SpO2, percentage of REM sleep, hsCRP, HDL, and adiponectin levels.
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Li M, Li X, Lu Y. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Metabolic Diseases. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2670-2675. [PMID: 29788220 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid changes in lifestyle in modern society, including the high nutritional intake and reduced physical activity, the incidence of metabolic diseases has been increasing year by year. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder, usually characterized by sudden pauses of breathing during sleep and an interrupted sleep rhythm. Although the pathological mechanism remains poorly understood, it has been strongly associated with metabolic diseases, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the present mini-review, we briefly summarize the connections between OSAS, obesity, T2DM, and NAFLD, which might help us to better understand the pathogenesis of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wu JG, Xun N, Zeng LJ, Li ZY, Liang YB, Tang H, Ma ZF. Effects of small interfering RNA targeting TLR4 on expressions of adipocytokines in obstructive sleep apnea hyponea syndrome with hypertension in a rat model. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6613-6620. [PMID: 29215742 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We explored the effects of RNA interference-mediated silencing of TLR4 gene on expressions of adipocytokines in obstructive sleep apnea hyponea syndrome (OSAS) with hypertension in a rat model. Systolic blood pressure of caudal artery and physiological changes were observed when establishing rat models of OSAS with hypertension. Mature rat adipocytes were induced from separated and cultured primary rat adipocytes. To transfect rat mature adipocytes, TLR4 siRNA group and negative control (NC) siRNA group were established. Expressions of TLR4 mRNA of adipocytes were examined after silenced by siRNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), expressions of inflammatory cytokines, and adipocytokines of adipocytes were detected. Blood pressure in rat caudal artery was higher in the intermittent hypoxia group than that of the blank control group by 29.87 mmHg, and cardiocytes in the former group showed physiological changes, which indicated successful establishment of rat models of OSAS with hypertension. Red particles could be seen in mature rat adipocytes when stained with Oil Red O. Transfection of TLR4 mRNA was significantly suppressed in the TLR4 siRNA group, which didn't happen in the untransfected control group. Rats in the TLR4 siRNA group had significantly reduced expressions of such inflammatory cytokines as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and such adipocytokines as visfatin, adiponectin (ADN), and leptin than those in the untransfected control group. RNA interference-mediated silencing of TLR4 gene could regulate occurrence and development of OSAS with hypertension in rats by downregulating expressions of adipocytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Guo Wu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jin Zeng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bing Liang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Fu Ma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Kiskac M, Zorlu M, Akkoyunlu ME, Kilic E, Karatoprak C, Cakirca M, Yavuz E, Ardic C, Camli AA, Cikrikcioglu M, Kart L. Vaspin and lipocalin-2 levels in severe obsructive sleep apnea. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:720-5. [PMID: 24976995 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.06.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaspin and lipocalin-2 are less-known recent members of adipocytokine family. There are ongoing studies investigating the role of vaspin ve lipocalin-2 in metabolic syndrome (MS). Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is independently associated with an increased prevalence of MS. We aimed to measure the levels of vaspin and lipocalin-2 which are secreted from adipocytes in patients with severe OSAS and examine the relationship between these two adipocytokines and OSAS. METHODS THE STUDY CONSISTED OF TWO GROUPS: severe OSAS patients with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of >30/h (OSAS group, 34 subjects) and age-matched healthy volunteers with a AHI <5/h (control group, 25 subjects) Serum levels of vaspin and lipocalin-2 in these two groups were compared. RESULTS Serum levels of vaspin were significantly lower in OSAS group; patients with severe OSAS compared with control group; healthy volunteers (OSAS group: 0.69±0.5 vs. control group: 1.24±1.13; P=0.034). The difference between the two groups in terms of serum levels of lipocalin-2 has not reached statistical significance (OSAS group: 61.6±18.2 vs. control group: 68.5±20.1; P=0.17). CONCLUSIONS We found that serum vaspin levels were significantly lower in patients with severe OSAS compared with healthy controls. Lipocalin-2 levels were similar. The decrease in serum vaspin levels in severe OSAS patients may be important in diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muharrem Kiskac
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zorlu
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Elif Kilic
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Cumali Karatoprak
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cakirca
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Erdinc Yavuz
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Ardic
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Adil Camli
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Mehmetali Cikrikcioglu
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Levent Kart
- 1 Internal Medicine Clinic, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey ; 2 Deparment Of Pulmonology, 3 Deparment Of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih 34093, Istanbul, Turkey ; 4 Family Health Care Center, Rize 53100, Turkey
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Nadeem R, Singh M, Nida M, Waheed I, Khan A, Ahmed S, Naseem J, Champeau D. Effect of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome on lipid profile: a meta-regression analysis. J Clin Sleep Med 2014; 10:475-89. [PMID: 24910548 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia, which may be related to decrease androgen levels found in OSA patients. Dyslipidemia may contribute to atherosclerosis leading to increasing risk of heart disease. METHODS Systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane library by utilizing different combinations of key words; sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea, serum lipids, dyslipidemia, cholesterol, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG). Inclusion criteria were: English articles, and studies with adult population in 2 groups of patients (patients with OSA and without OSA). A total 96 studies were reviewed for inclusion, with 25 studies pooled for analysis. RESULTS Sixty-four studies were pooled for analysis; since some studies have more than one dataset, there were 107 datasets with 18,116 patients pooled for meta-analysis. All studies measured serum lipids. Total cholesterol pooled standardized difference in means was 0.267 (p = 0.001). LDL cholesterol pooled standardized difference in means was 0.296 (p = 0.001). HDL cholesterol pooled standardized difference in means was -0.433 (p = 0.001). Triglyceride pooled standardized difference in means was 0.603 (p = 0.001). Meta-regression for age, BMI, and AHI showed that age has significant effect for TC, LDL, and HDL. BMI had significant effect for LDL and HDL, while AHI had significant effect for LDL and TG. CONCLUSION Patients with OSA appear to have increased dyslipidemia (high total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and low HDL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Nadeem
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science,Chicago Medical School, North Chicago,IL
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Department of Cardiology, James A Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL
| | - Mahwish Nida
- Rematul lil Alameen Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Waheed
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science,Chicago Medical School, North Chicago,IL
| | - Adnan Khan
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science,Chicago Medical School, North Chicago,IL
| | | | | | - Daniel Champeau
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science,Chicago Medical School, North Chicago,IL
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Association of sleep onset of acute coronary syndrome with sleep apnea syndrome and abnormal diurnal variation of hemostasis and adipokine levels. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2013; 23:590-6. [PMID: 22828597 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0b013e328355e885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to examine the pathophysiology of sleep onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS); in particular, we focused on the association of sleep onset of ACS, sleep-apnea syndrome (SAS), and diurnal variation of hemostasis and adipokine levels. Seventy-four patients (mean 60.0 years; 84% men) with ACS were cross-sectionally examined. They were examined by circulatory levels of hemostasis [plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), D-dimer, soluble fibrin] and adipokines (adiponectin, visfatin) before and after sleep, and cardiorespiratory function. The severity of SAS was defined as mild to no SAS [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) <15/h, n = 30], moderate SAS (AHI 15-30/h, n = 26), and severe SAS (AHI >30/h, n = 18). Nineteen patients (26%) were diagnosed with sleep onset of ACS, and these patients had a greater extent of morning increase from the night-time levels of PAI-1 (median PAI-1 increase: +37.1 vs. +27.3 ng/ml; P = 0.01) and visfatin (median visfatin increase: +0.40 vs. +0.00 ng/ml; P = 0.08) than those who had daytime onset of ACS. Among patients who had sleep onset of ACS, 89% were diagnosed with moderate to severe SAS. According to the severity of SAS, the morning increase from the night-time levels of PAI-1 and visfatin became greater (median PAI-1 increase: +23.7 vs. +29.2 vs. +39.3 ng/ml; median visfatin increase: 0.00 vs. 0.00 vs. +0.45 ng/ml; both P < 0.05), and these differences remained unchanged even after adjustment for significant covariates (both P < 0.05). Patients who have sleep onset of ACS are likely to have high prevalence of SAS and abnormal diurnal variations of PAI-1 and visfatin levels.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Short sleep duration is associated with systemic inflammation and diabetes; however the mechanisms by which reduced sleep leads to these complications are unclear. One possibility is sleep may impact secretion of adipocyte derived hormones that regulate inflammation and insulin resistance. In this study we assessed the association between sleep duration and 3 adipokine levels. METHODS A total of 561 adults from the Cleveland Family Study underwent standardized laboratory polysomnography followed by a morning fasting blood draw assayed for leptin, visfatin, and retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4) levels. RESULTS The cohort had an age of 44.5 (16.1) years and total sleep time (TST) of 6.2 (1.3) hours (mean [SD]). Each hour reduction in TST was associated with a 10% increase in leptin (P = 0.01) and a 14% increase in visfatin levels (P = 0.03) in analyses adjusted for age, gender, and race. After additional adjustment for obesity, sleep apnea severity, hypertension, and diabetes, each hour reduction in TST was associated with a 6% increase in leptin (P = 0.01) and a 14% increase in visfatin levels (P = 0.02). Leptin increased by 15% (P = 0.01) and visfatin increased by 31% (P = 0.05) for every 1-h decrease in REM sleep. In contrast, no association between sleep duration and RBP4 was found. CONCLUSIONS Reduced sleep and reduced REM sleep are associated with elevations in leptin and visfatin, 2 adipokines associated with inflammation and insulin resistance. Further investigation of the effect of sleep on adipose tissue function should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Hayes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospital Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Fang Xu
- Center for Clinical Investigation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH
| | - Denise Babineau
- Center for Clinical Investigation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospital Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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