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Ng ZQ, Warrier S. Decoding the RELARC trial - is D2 dissection sufficient in right colon cancer? ANZ J Surg 2025; 95:859-861. [PMID: 39876637 DOI: 10.1111/ans.19421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi Qin Ng
- Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Satish Warrier
- Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Du WF, Liang TS, Guo ZF, Li JJ, Yang CG. Comparison of outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted and total laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right-sided colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17:100476. [PMID: 40291870 PMCID: PMC12019061 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i4.100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is a significant health issue in China, with high incidence and mortality rates. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment, with the introduction of complete mesocolic excision in 2009 improving precision and outcomes. Laparoscopic techniques, including laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy (LARH) and total laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (TLRH), have further advanced colon cancer treatment by reducing trauma, blood loss, and recovery time. While TLRH offers additional benefits such as faster recovery and fewer complications, its adoption has been limited by longer operative times and technical challenges. AIM To compare the short-term outcomes of TLRH and LARH for the treatment of right -sided colon cancer and explore the advantages and feasibility of TLRH. METHODS Clinical data from 109 right-sided colon cancer patients admitted between January 2019 and May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an observation group (TLRH, n = 50) and a control group (LARH, n = 59). Study variables were operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospital stays, length of surgical specimen, number of lymph nodes dissected, and postoperative inflammatory factor levels of the two groups of patients. The postoperative complications were analyzed and compared, and survival, recurrence, and remote metastasis rates of the two groups were compared during a 2-year follow-up period. RESULTS The TLRH group showed the advantages of reduced intraoperative bleeding, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery. Lymph node dissection outcomes were comparable, and postoperative inflammatory markers were lower in the TLRH group. Complication rates were similar. Short-term follow-up (2 years) revealed no significant differences in recurrence, metastasis, or survival rates. CONCLUSION Compared to LARH, TLRH offers significant advantages in terms of reducing surgical trauma, lowering postoperative inflammatory factor levels, and mitigating the impact on intestinal function. This approach contributes to a shorter hospital stay and promotes postoperative recovery in patients. The study suggests that TLRH may offer favorable outcomes for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tang-Shuai Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zong-Fei Guo
- College of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Gang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
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3
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Stelzner S, Lange UG, Rabe SM, Niebisch S, Mehdorn M. [Evidence for the extent and oncological benefits of lymphadenectomy in colon and rectal cancer : A narrative review based on meta-analyses]. CHIRURGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 96:293-305. [PMID: 39792247 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-024-02212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphadenectomy for rectal cancer is clearly defined by total mesorectal excision (TME). The analogous surgical strategy for the colon, the complete mesocolic excision (CME), follows the same principles of dissection in embryologically predefined planes. METHOD This narrative review initially identified key issues related to lymphadenectomy of rectal and colon cancer. The subsequent search was based on PubMed and focused on meta-analyses. The endpoints for rectal cancer were the benefit of high tie versus low tie and the indications for lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. For colon cancer the evidence for CME, for the longitudinal extent of resection, for the dissection of infrapyloric and gastroepiploic lymph nodes, for the number of lymph nodes and for the sentinel lymph node technique were used as endpoints. RESULTS An oncological benefit of the high tie cannot be derived from the current data. Lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy should only be selectively performed after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in cases of remaining lymph nodes with suspected metastases. In most studies CME proved to be oncologically superior, especially in stage III. The longitudinal extent of resection should be at least 10 cm in both directions if the principles of CME are observed. Infrapyloric and gastroepiploic lymph node involvement is to be expected in 0.7-22% of cases, depending on patient selection, which justifies dissection, particularly in carcinomas of both flexure and the transverse colon. The minimum number of lymph nodes to be removed cannot be clearly derived from the available studies. Precisely performed CME and an optimal pathological work-up are important. The sentinel lymph node technique cannot currently be used as a criterion for limiting the extent of resection. CONCLUSION Both TME and CME are reliable standards for the lymphadenectomy in colorectal carcinomas. A lymphadenectomy that goes beyond this is reserved for selected cases and is partly the subject of currently ongoing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigmar Stelzner
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - Undine Gabriele Lange
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Murad Rabe
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Stefan Niebisch
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Matthias Mehdorn
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
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Wang G, Pan S. Factor analysis of postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome after right hemicolectomy for colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2025; 29:154. [PMID: 39898286 PMCID: PMC11782927 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2025.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate factors influencing postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) in patients with right-sided colon cancer. In total, 260 patients who underwent complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colon cancer were included in the present analysis. Among the included patients, 69 underwent open radical right-sided colon resection, 175 underwent laparoscopic radical right-sided colon resection and 16 underwent robot-assisted radical right-sided colon resection. The occurrence of PGS was observed, and both the χ2 test and multivariate regression analysis were conducted to identify influencing factors. Among the 260 patients, 32 experienced PGS, with an incidence rate of 12.3%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that age, perioperative blood glucose levels, self-rated anxiety scale scores and surgical approach were significantly associated with PGS (P<0.05), whereas sex, surgical duration, diabetes and perioperative albumin levels were not significant factors (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age >70 years, perioperative blood glucose ≥11.1 mmol/l, a self-rating anxiety scale score ≥50 and radical extended right-sided colon resection were risk factors for PGS occurrence. In conclusion, the occurrence of PGS in patients with right-sided colon cancer was revealed to be associated with age, perioperative blood glucose levels, self-rated anxiety scale scores and surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Shengjie Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Van Eetvelde E, Duhoky R, Piozzi GN, Perez D, Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen D, Khan J, Bianchi PP, Ruiz MG. European multicentre analysis of the implementation of robotic complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colon tumours. Colorectal Dis 2025; 27:e17287. [PMID: 39760189 DOI: 10.1111/codi.17287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
AIM Complete mesocolic excision (CME) is an oncologically driven technique for treating right colon cancer. While laparoscopic CME is technically demanding and has been associated with more complications, the robotic approach might reduce morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of stepwise implementation of robotic CME. METHOD A multicentre retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on robotic right colectomy was performed at five European tertiary centres. Patients were classified for type of surgery: R-RHC (standard right colectomy), R-impCME (learning cases towards robotic CME defined as R-RHC with one but not all the hallmarks of CME) or R-CME (robotic CME). Primary outcomes were overall and severe 30-day complication rates before and after propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. RESULTS Five hundred and fifty-one consecutive patients undergoing robotic surgery for (pre)malignant lesions of the right colon between 2010 and 2020 were included: R-RHC (n = 101), R-impCME (n = 135) and R-CME (n = 315). Baseline characteristics differed for American Society of Anesthesiologists score (p = 0.0012) and preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001). Procedure time increased by surgical complexity (p < 0.001). Vascular event rates did not differ, with no superior mesenteric vein injuries. Conversion, complication and anastomotic leak rates, time to flatus/soft diet and length of stay (LOS) did not differ. While R-RHC was performed for a lower rate of malignancies (p < 0.001), lymph node yield was significantly higher in R-CME (p < 0.001). After PSM, analyses on 186 patients documented no differences in overall and severe 30-day complication rate, conversion rate, LOS or 30-day mortality. CONCLUSION R-CME can be implemented without increasing the overall or 30-day severe complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Van Eetvelde
- Department of Surgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rauand Duhoky
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
- University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Daniel Perez
- Department General- and Visceral Surgery, Asklepios General Hospital Hamburg-Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jim Khan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
- University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Paolo Pietro Bianchi
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcos Gomez Ruiz
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
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Sijmons JML, Grüter AAJ, Toorenvliet BR, Tollenaar RAEM, Dekker JWT, Tanis PJ, Tuynman JB. Short-term morbidity and mortality after right hemicolectomy: an update of national performance in the Netherlands. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:1983-1995. [PMID: 39358868 DOI: 10.1111/codi.17193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this Dutch retrospective population-based study was to evaluate how short-term outcomes and inter-hospital variability after right hemicolectomy for colon cancer have evolved between 2012 and 2020. METHOD Patients who underwent right hemicolectomy for primary solitary colon cancer between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020 and were registered in the Dutch Colorectal Audit were included. Surgical characteristics and outcomes were assessed during three time periods (2012-2014, 2015-2017, 2018-2020). Complications and mortality were the primary outcomes, and reintervention, readmission and length of stay secondary outcomes. RESULTS In total, 29 274 patients were included. Significant increase in minimally invasive surgery (51.1% 2012-2014, 73.2% 2015-2017, 85.0% 2018-2020), increase in conversion (6.6%, 7.8%, 9.1%, P < 0.001) and decrease in acute/urgent resections (15.9%, 11.7%, 10.9%, P < 0.001) were found. The overall complication rate was slightly lower in the third period (30.9%, 30.6%, 28.8%, P = 0.004), primarily because of decreasing non-surgical complications (19.7%, 20.6%, 17.6%, P < 0.001), while surgical complications remained unchanged (17.5%, 18.3%, 18.2%, P = 0.277). Postoperative mortality was 3.4%, 2.3% and 3.5%, respectively. Reintervention rate slightly decreased (9.4%, 8.3%, 8.6%, P < 0.001). The proportion of patients admitted for more than 6 days decreased over time (54.3%, 42.4%, 34.3%, P < 0.001), with an increase in readmission rate (7.4%, 6.8%, 9.3%, P < 0.001). Inter-hospital variability decreased over time for complications, length of stay and conversion. CONCLUSION This study shows a national decreasing inter-hospital variability in clinical outcomes after right hemicolectomy and a decrease in postoperative complications. Despite increasing use of laparoscopy, surgical complications and mortality remained stable over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M L Sijmons
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A A J Grüter
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B R Toorenvliet
- Department of Surgery, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R A E M Tollenaar
- Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J W T Dekker
- Department of Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Groep, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - P J Tanis
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J B Tuynman
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tamai K, Tei M, Tsujimura N, Nishida K, Mori S, Yoshikawa Y, Nomura M, Hamakawa T, Takiuchi D, Tsujie M, Akamaru Y. Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with D3 resection for right colon cancer in elderly patients. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:320. [PMID: 39441222 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (RHC) with D3 resection, similar to complete mesocolic excision, is an oncologically satisfying procedure; however, it remains controversial in elderly patients. There are no reports of the procedure for tumors fed by middle colic vessels because it is a difficult procedure. We evaluated the feasibility and oncological outcomes of the procedure in elderly patients. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 336 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with D3 resection for Stage I-III ascending and transverse colon cancer between 2010 and 2021. Patients were divided into the EP (age ≥ 75 years) and nEP (age < 75 years) groups, and short- and long-term outcomes were analyzed using propensity score matching. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 60.7 months. After matching, we enrolled 129 patients. The surgery time, estimated blood loss, postoperative complication rate, number of harvested lymph nodes, and recurrence rate did not differ significantly between the groups; however, the adjuvant chemotherapy rate was significantly lower in the EP group. The EP group had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (p < 0.01) than the nEP group; however, the cancer-specific (p = 0.15) and recurrence-free (p = 0.36) survivals did not differ significantly from those in the nEP group. In multivariate analyses, age ≥ 75 years, ASA ≥ 3, and pT4 were independent prognostic factors for OS (p = 0.02, < 0.01, < 0.01, respectively); however, only pT4 was an independent prognostic factor for CSS and RFS (p < 0.01 for both). CONCLUSIONS This procedure offers safe, feasible, and satisfactory oncological outcomes for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Tamai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Tei
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Naoto Tsujimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Soichiro Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Takuya Hamakawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takiuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Yusuke Akamaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
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Seow-En I, Villanueva ME, Eu EW, Tan EJKW. Laparoscopic D3 right hemicolectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:92. [PMID: 39093328 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-024-02965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Complete mesocolic excision (CME) with D3 lymphadenectomy for colon cancer has been shown to improve overall as well as disease-free survival compared to conventional right hemicolectomy. Performing a laparoscopic CME/D3 right hemicolectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA) can be technically demanding even for experienced operators. Here, we present a systematic, standardized approach to the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Seow-En
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Maureen Elvira Villanueva
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines , Manila, Philippines
| | - Ernest Wencong Eu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
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Nevolskikh AA, Avdeenko VA, Reznik IP, Pochuev TP, Zibirov RF, Ivanov SA, Kaprin AD. Surgical treatment of right colon cancer. SIBERIAN JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2024; 23:133-149. [DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-3-133-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
The study aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature on surgical treatment for right colon cancer (RCC) with complete mesocolic excision (CME) and D2/D3 lymph node dissection (LND). Material and Methods. A literature review was performed for studies published between 2013 and 2023 by the online resources from the official Web sites of the societies/panels and PubMed database. Sources included guidelines, meta-analyses, randomized and nonrandomized clinical studies, guidelines by European Society of Medical Oncology, the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Russian clinical guidelines. Results. CME significantly improved both immediate and long-term treatment results, which was confirmed by numerous meta-analyses. The extent of LND remains one of the most controversial issues in RCC. For many Asian surgeons, D3 LND is the standard procedure for the treatment of RCC, whereas the European approach is more conservative and apical lymph node dissection is not mandatory. There are also large differences in understanding the extent of D3 LND in RCC. Most surgeons understand this term as dissection of adipose tissue along the anterior and lateral surface of the superior mesenteric vein, however, there are authors who perform circular dissection along the superior mesenteric vessels, considering this extent of surgery to be the most radical. Conclusion. It is necessary to standardize methods and effective criteria for quality control of CME for RCC and LND. In this case, external independent assessment of the quality of surgical intervention is important. There is also currently a growing number of studies in which intraoperative fluorescence imaging makes it possible to better visualize the location of the apical lymph nodes and individualize LND.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Nevolskikh
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - V. A. Avdeenko
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - I. P. Reznik
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - T. P. Pochuev
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - R. F. Zibirov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - S. A. Ivanov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia;
RUDN University
| | - A. D. Kaprin
- RUDN University;
P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;
National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia
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10
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Sica GS, Siragusa L, Pirozzi BM, Sorge R, Baldini G, Fiorani C, Guida AM, Bellato V, Franceschilli M. Gastrointestinal functions after laparoscopic right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis: a pilot randomized clinical trial on effects of abdominal drain, prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis, and D3 lymphadenectomy with complete mesocolic excision. Int J Colorectal Dis 2024; 39:102. [PMID: 38970713 PMCID: PMC11227461 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-024-04657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Routine use of abdominal drain or prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis is no longer part of current clinical practice in colorectal surgery. Nevertheless, in patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA), it may reduce perioperative abdominal contamination. Furthermore, in cancer patients, prolonged surgery with extensive dissection such as central vascular ligation and complete mesocolon excision with D3 lymphadenectomy (altogether radical right colectomy RRC) is called responsible for affecting postoperative ileus. The aim was to evaluate postoperative resumption of gastrointestinal functions in patients undergoing right hemicolectomy for cancer with ICA and standard D2 dissection or RRC, with or without abdominal drain and prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis. METHODS Monocentric factorial parallel arm randomized pilot trial including all consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and ICA for cancer, in 20 months. Patients were randomized on a 1:1:1 ratio to receive abdominal drain, prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis or neither (I level), and 1:1 to receive RRC or D2 colectomy (II level). Patients were not blinded. The primary aim was the resumption of gastrointestinal functions (time to first gas and stool, time to tolerated fluids and food). Secondary aims were length of stay and complications' rate. CLINICALTRIALS gov no. NCT04977882. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients were screened; according to sample size, 36 were randomized, 12 for each arm for postoperative management, and 18 for each arm according to surgical techniques. A difference in time to solid diet favored the group without drain or antibiotic independently from standard or RRC. Furthermore, when patients were divided with respect to surgical technique and into matched cohorts, no differences were seen for primary and secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION Abdominal drainage and prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing right hemicolectomy for cancer with ICA seem to negatively affect the resumption of a solid diet after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with ICA for cancer. RRC does not seem to influence gastrointestinal function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe S Sica
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Leandro Siragusa
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Brunella Maria Pirozzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Sorge
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Fiorani
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Martina Guida
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Bellato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Franceschilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Yıldırım M, Kocabay A, Koca B, Saglam AI, Ozkan N. The effect of ileal resection length on postoperative complications and prognosis in right colon cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:206. [PMID: 38967821 PMCID: PMC11226531 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of literature on the length of the terminal ileum to be resected in right hemicolectomy for colon cancer. Therefore, we aimed to determine the mean ileal loop length and the effect of this variation on postoperative complications and long-term oncological outcomes in patients who underwent right hemicolectomy. METHODS Right hemicolectomy surgeries performed for colon cancer in a tertiary care hospital between January 2011 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed from a prospective database. Two patient groups were established based on the mean length of the resected ileum above and below 7 cm. The two groups were compared for clinicopathological data, postoperative complications, mortality, long-term overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The factors contributing to OS and DFS were analyzed. RESULTS The study included 217 patients. Body mass index (BMI) values were significantly higher in the ileum resection length > 7 cm group (p = 0.009). Pathological N stage, tumor diameter, and number of metastatic lymph nodes were significantly higher in the ileum resection length > 7 cm group (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.026, respectively). There was no significant difference for postoperative complication and mortality rates between the two groups. The mean follow-up period was 61.2 months (2-120) in all patients. The total number of deaths was 29 (11.7%) while the 60-month OS was 83.5% and 50-month DFS was 81.8%. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of OS and DFS rates (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Excessive resection of the distal ileum in right hemicolectomy does not provide any benefit in terms of prognosis and complications.The ileum resection length and values close to it in our study appear to be sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yıldırım
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, Tokat, 60030, Turkey.
| | - Asım Kocabay
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, Tokat, 60030, Turkey
| | - Bulent Koca
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, Tokat, 60030, Turkey
| | - Ali Ihsan Saglam
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, Tokat, 60030, Turkey
| | - Namık Ozkan
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, Tokat, 60030, Turkey
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12
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Yadav K. Laparoscopic right radical hemicolectomy: Central vascular ligation and complete mesocolon excision vs D3 lymphadenectomy - How I do it? World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:1521-1526. [PMID: 38983361 PMCID: PMC11229996 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i6.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In colon cancer surgery, ensuring the complete removal of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes is crucial. Lymphatic drainage in the colon follows the vascular supply, typically progressing from pericolic to paraaortic lymph nodes. While NCCN guidelines recommend the removal of 10-12 lymph nodes for adequate oncological resection, achieving complete oncological resection involves more than just meeting these numerical targets. Various techniques have been developed and studied over time to attain optimal oncological outcomes. A key technique central to this goal is identifying the ileocolic vessels at their origin from the superior mesenteric vessels. Complete excision of the visceral and parietal mesocolon ensures the intact removal of the specimen, while D3 lymphadenectomy targets all draining regional lymph nodes. Although these principles emphasize different aspects, they ultimately converge to achieve the same goal of complete oncological resection. This article aims to simplify the surgical steps that align with the principle of central vascular ligation and mesocolon mobilization while ensuring adequate D3 dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Yadav
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Max Hospital, Gurugram 122001, Haryana, India
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13
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Ryu HS, Kim HJ, Ji WB, Kim BC, Kim JH, Moon SK, Kang SI, Kwak HD, Kim ES, Kim CH, Kim TH, Noh GT, Park BS, Park HM, Bae JM, Bae JH, Seo NE, Song CH, Ahn MS, Eo JS, Yoon YC, Yoon JK, Lee KH, Lee KH, Lee KY, Lee MS, Lee SH, Lee JM, Lee JE, Lee HH, Ihn MH, Jang JH, Jeon SK, Chae KJ, Choi JH, Pyo DH, Ha GW, Han KS, Hong YK, Hong CW, Kwak JM, Korean Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary Committee. Colon cancer: the 2023 Korean clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. Ann Coloproctol 2024; 40:89-113. [PMID: 38712437 PMCID: PMC11082542 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2024.00059.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea and the third leading cause of death from cancer. Treatment outcomes for colon cancer are steadily improving due to national health screening programs with advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and therapeutic agents.. The Korea Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary (KCCM) Committee intends to provide professionals who treat colon cancer with the most up-to-date, evidence-based practice guidelines to improve outcomes and help them make decisions that reflect their patients' values and preferences. These guidelines have been established by consensus reached by the KCCM Guideline Committee based on a systematic literature review and evidence synthesis and by considering the national health insurance system in real clinical practice settings. Each recommendation is presented with a recommendation strength and level of evidence based on the consensus of the committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Seon Ryu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Collaboration, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Bae Ji
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Byung Chang Kim
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji Hun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kyung Moon
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Il Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Han Deok Kwak
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyoung Tae Noh
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Park
- Department of Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyeung-Min Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jeong Mo Bae
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Bae
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ni Eun Seo
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mi Sun Ahn
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Seon Eo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chul Yoon
- Department of General Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon-Kee Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ha Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kil-Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Myung Su Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hak Lee
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Han Hee Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myong Hoon Ihn
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Ho Jang
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Center for Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Dae Hee Pyo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Won Ha
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyung Su Han
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Ki Hong
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chang Won Hong
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung-Myun Kwak
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Korean Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary Committee
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Collaboration, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of General Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Center for Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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14
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Aiolfi A, Bona D, Rausa E, Manara M, Biondi A, Basile F, Campanelli G, Kelly ME, Bonitta G, Bonavina L. Effect of complete mesocolic excision (cme) on long-term survival after right colectomy for cancer: multivariate meta-analysis and restricted mean survival time estimation. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:80. [PMID: 38429427 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Debate exists concerning the impact of complete mesocolic excision (CME) on long-term oncological outcomes. The aim of this review was to condense the updated literature and assess the effect of CME on long-term survival after right colectomy for cancer. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched through July 2023. The included studies evaluated the effect of CME on survival. The primary outcome was long-term overall survival. Restricted mean survival time difference (RMSTD), hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as pooled effect size measures. GRADE methodology was used to summarize the certainty of evidence. RESULTS Ten studies (3665 patients) were included. Overall, 1443 (39.4%) underwent CME. The RMSTD analysis shows that at 60-month follow-up, stage I-III CME patients lived 2.5 months (95% CI 1.1-4.1) more on average compared with noCME patients. Similarly, stage III patients that underwent CME lived longer compared to noCME patients at 55-month follow-up (6.1 months; 95% CI 3.4-8.5). The time-dependent HRs analysis for CME vs. noCME (stage I-III disease) shows a higher mortality hazard in patients with noCME at 6 months (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.71), 12 months (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.73), and 24 months (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.92) up to 27 months. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that CME is associated with unclear OS benefit in stage I-III disease. Caution is recommended to avoid overestimation of the effect of CME in stage III disease since the marginal benefit of a more extended resection may have been influenced by tumor biology/molecular profile and multimodal adjuvant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Aiolfi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Science for Health, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, University of Milan, Via C. Belgioioso, 173, 20157, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Bona
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Science for Health, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, University of Milan, Via C. Belgioioso, 173, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rausa
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Manara
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Science for Health, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, University of Milan, Via C. Belgioioso, 173, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, G. Rodolico Hospital, Surgical Division, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Basile
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, G. Rodolico Hospital, Surgical Division, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giampiero Campanelli
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, University of Insubria, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Bonitta
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical Science for Health, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, University of Milan, Via C. Belgioioso, 173, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonavina
- Division of General and Foregut Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Brown KGM, Ng KS, Solomon MJ, Chapuis PH, Koh CE, Ahmadi N, Austin KKS. Complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer: current status and controversies. ANZ J Surg 2024; 94:309-319. [PMID: 37850417 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
According to Hohenberger's original description, complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer involves precise dissection of the avascular embryonic plane between the parietal retroperitoneum and visceral peritoneum of the mesocolon. This ensures mesocolic integrity, access to high ligation of the supplying vessels at their origin and an associated extended lymphadenectomy. Results from centres which have adopted this approach routinely have demonstrated that oncological outcomes can be improved by the rigorous implementation of established principles of cancer surgery. Meticulous anatomical dissection along embryonic planes is a well-established principle of precision cancer surgery used routinely by the specialist colorectal surgeon. Therefore, the real question concerns the need for true central vascular ligation and associated extended (D3) lymphadenectomy or otherwise, particularly along the superior mesenteric vessels when performing a right colectomy. Whether this approach results in improved overall or disease-free survival remains unclear and its role remains controversial particularly given the potential for significant morbidity associated with a more extensive central vascular dissection. Current literature is limited by considerable bias, as well as inconsistent and variable terminology, and the results of established randomized trials are awaited. As a result of the current state of equipoise, various national guidelines have disparate recommendations as to when complete mesocolic excision should be performed if at all. This article aims to review the rationale for and technical aspects of complete mesocolic excision, summarize available short and long term outcome data and address current controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian G M Brown
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kheng-Seong Ng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael J Solomon
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pierre H Chapuis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cherry E Koh
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nima Ahmadi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirk K S Austin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Anania G, Chiozza M, Campagnaro A, Bagolini F, Resta G, Azzolina D, Silecchia G, Cirocchi R, Agrusa A, Cuccurullo D, Guerrieri M. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a SICE (Società Italiana di Chirurgia Endoscopica e Nuove tecnologie) network prospective study on the approach to right colon lymphadenectomy in Italy: is there a standard?-CoDIG 2 (ColonDx Italian Group). Surg Endosc 2024; 38:1432-1441. [PMID: 38191814 PMCID: PMC10881627 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is a disease with a worldwide spread. Surgery is the best option for the treatment of advanced colon cancer, but some aspects are still debated, such as the extent of lymphadenectomy. In Japanese guidelines, the gold standard was D3 dissection to remove the central lymph nodes (203, 213, and 223), but in 2009, Hoenberger et al. introduced the concept of complete mesocolic excision, in which surgical dissection follows the embryological planes to remove the mesentery entirely to prevent leakage of cancer cells and collect more lymph nodes. Our study describes how lymphadenectomy is currently performed in major Italian centers with an unclear indication on the type of lymphadenectomy that should be performed during right hemicolectomy (RH). METHODS CoDIG 2 is an observational multicenter national study that involves 76 Italian general surgery wards highly specialized in colorectal surgery. Each center was asked not to modify their usual surgical and clinical practices. The aim of the study was to assess the preference of Italian surgeons on the type of lymphadenectomy to perform during RH and the rise of any new trends or modifications in habits compared to the findings of the CoDIG 1 study conducted 4 years ago. RESULTS A total of 788 patients were enrolled. The most commonly used surgical technique was laparoscopic (82.1%) with intracorporeal (73.4%), side-to-side (98.7%), or isoperistaltic (96.0%) anastomosis. The lymph nodes at the origin of the vessels were harvested in an inferior number of cases (203, 213, and 223: 42.4%, 31.1%, and 20.3%, respectively). A comparison between CoDIG 1 and CoDIG 2 showed a stable trend in surgical techniques and complications, with an increase in the robotic approach (7.7% vs. 12.3%). CONCLUSIONS This analysis shows how lymphadenectomy is performed in Italy to achieve oncological outcomes in RH, although the technique to achieve a higher lymph node count has not yet been standardized. Trial registration (ClinicalTrials.gov) ID: NCT05943951.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anania
- Unit of General Surgery, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, Ferrara, FE, Italy
| | - M Chiozza
- Unit of General Surgery, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, Ferrara, FE, Italy.
| | - A Campagnaro
- Unit of General Surgery, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, Ferrara, FE, Italy
| | - F Bagolini
- Unit of General Surgery, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, Ferrara, FE, Italy
| | - G Resta
- Unit of General Surgery, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, Ferrara, FE, Italy
| | - D Azzolina
- Division of Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Prevenzione, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, FE, Italy
| | - G Silecchia
- Department of Scienze Medico Chirurgiche e Medicina Traslazionale, University of Roma S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - R Cirocchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, PG, Italy
| | - A Agrusa
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, PA, Italy
| | - D Cuccurullo
- Division of Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery Unit, A.O.R.N. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, Naples, NA, Italy
| | - M Guerrieri
- Division of Clinica Chirurgica Generale e D'Urgenza, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, AN, Italy
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17
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Delattre F, Trilling B, Sage PY, Bonne A, Tidadini F, Foote A, Quesada JL, Faucheron JL. Complete mesocolic excision for caecal tumours is overtreatment: COLOC study. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znad411. [PMID: 38064683 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- François Delattre
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Bertrand Trilling
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
- TIMC, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Sage
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Aline Bonne
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Fatah Tidadini
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Alison Foote
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Quesada
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, INSERM CIC1406, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Faucheron
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
- TIMC, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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18
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Grüter AA, Sijmons JM, Coblijn UK, Toorenvliet BR, Tanis PJ, Tuynman JB. Best Evidence for Each Surgical Step in Minimally Invasive Right Hemicolectomy: A Systematic Review. ANNALS OF SURGERY OPEN 2023; 4:e343. [PMID: 38144490 PMCID: PMC10735091 DOI: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature for each surgical step of the minimally invasive right hemicolectomy (MIRH) for non-locally advanced colon cancer, to define the most optimal procedure with the highest level of evidence. Background High variability exists in the way MIRH is performed between surgeons and hospitals, which could affect patients' postoperative and oncological outcomes. Methods A systematic search using PubMed was performed to first identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and if there were none then landmark papers and consensus statements were systematically searched for each key step of MIRH. Systematic reviews were assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool, and selection was based on highest quality followed by year of publication. Results Low (less than 12 mmHg) intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) gives higher mean quality of recovery compared to standard IAP. Complete mesocolic excision (CME) is associated with lowest recurrence and highest 5-year overall survival rates, without worsening short-term outcomes. Routine D3 versus D2 lymphadenectomy showed higher LN yield, but more vascular injuries, and no difference in overall and disease-free survival. Intracorporeal anastomosis is associated with better intra- and postoperative outcomes. The Pfannenstiel incision gives the lowest chance of incisional hernias compared to all other extraction sites. Conclusion According to the best available evidence, the most optimal MIRH for colon cancer without clinically involved D3 nodes entails at least low IAP, CME with D2 lymphadenectomy, an intracorporeal anastomosis and specimen extraction through a Pfannenstiel incision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A.J. Grüter
- From the Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie M.L. Sijmons
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Usha K. Coblijn
- From the Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter J. Tanis
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan B. Tuynman
- From the Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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De Lange G, Davies J, Toso C, Meurette G, Ris F, Meyer J. Complete mesocolic excision for right hemicolectomy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:979-993. [PMID: 37632643 PMCID: PMC10562294 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Complete mesocolic excision improves lymphadenectomy for right hemicolectomy and respects the embryological planes. However, its effect on cancer-free and overall survival is questioned. Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential benefits of the technique by performing a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of the available evidence. METHODS Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and Embase were searched on February 22, 2023. Original studies on short- and long-term oncological outcomes of adult patients undergoing right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision as a treatment for primary colon cancer were considered for inclusion. Outcomes were extracted and pooled using a model with random effects. RESULTS A total of 586 publications were identified through database searching, and 18 from citation searching. Exclusion of 552 articles left 24 articles for inclusion. Meta-analysis showed that complete mesocolic excision increased the lymph node harvest (5 studies, 1479 patients, MD 9.62, 95% CI 5.83-13.41, p > 0.0001, I2 84%), 5-year overall survival (5 studies, 2381 patients, OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.14-3.09, p = 0.01, I2 66%), 5-year disease-free survival (4 studies, 1376 patients, OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.51-3.23, p < 0.0001, I2 0%) and decreased the incidence of local recurrence (4 studies, 818 patients, OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.79, p = 0.02, I2 0%) when compared to standard right hemicolectomy. Perioperative morbidity was similar between the techniques (8 studies, 3899 patients, OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89-1.22, p = 0.97, I2 0%). CONCLUSION Meta-analysis of observational and randomised studies showed that right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision for primary right colon cancer improves oncologic results without increasing morbidity/mortality. These results need to be confirmed by high-quality evidence and randomised trials in selected patients to assess who may benefit from the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Lange
- Medical School, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Davies
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Toso
- Medical School, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - G Meurette
- Medical School, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - F Ris
- Medical School, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - J Meyer
- Medical School, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
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20
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Yu L, Liu Z, Chen Z, Wang X, Xu Z, Jiang W, Huang Y, Lin H, Chi P. Pathways of lymph node metastasis and prognosis after right hemicolectomy for cecal cancer: results from a retrospective single center. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:281. [PMID: 37674223 PMCID: PMC10481597 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recommended operation for cecum cancer (CC) is right hemicolectomy (RH) in some Western countries while the principle of D3 lymphadenectomy in Japan recommends resecting approximately 10 cm from the tumor edge. Therefore, the optimal surgical approach for cecum cancer (CC) remains controversial. We conducted this retrospective study to explore the pattern of lymph node metastasis and better surgical procedures for CC. METHODS A total of 224 cecum cancer patients from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021, were retrospectively included in the final study. The pattern of lymph node metastasis (LNM) was investigated. RESULTS A total of 113 (50.4%, 113/224) patients had pathologically confirmed LNM. The most frequent metastatic site was no. 201 lymph node (46%, 103/224), while 20 (8.9%, 20/224) patients had LNM in no. 202 lymph node, and 8 (3.6%, 8/224) patients had LNM in no. 203 lymph node. Only 1 (0.4%, 1/224) patient had LNM in no. 221 lymph node, four (1.8, 4/224%) patients had LNM in no. 223 lymph node, and no patients had LNM in no. 222 lymph node. LNM in no. 223 lymph node was significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis indicated that LNM in no. 223 lymph node (HR = 4.59, 95% CI 1.18-17.86, P = 0.028) was the only independent risk factor associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS). CONCLUSIONS The LNM in no. 223 lymph node for cecum cancer was rare. Therefore, standard right hemicolectomy excision is too extensive for most CC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhun Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhifen Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zongbin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Weizhong Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huiming Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
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21
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Yu A, Li Y, Zhang H, Hu G, Zhao Y, Guo J, Wei M, Yu W, Yan Z. Development and validation of a preoperative nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer: a retrospective analysis. Int J Surg 2023; 109:870-878. [PMID: 36999773 PMCID: PMC10389525 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer, complete mesocolic excision is a standard procedure that involves extended lymphadenectomy and blood vessel ligation. This study aimed to establish a nomogram to facilitate evaluation of the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy based on preoperative parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS The preoperative clinical and computed tomography-related parameters, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. The difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy was defined using the scoring grade reported by Escal et al . with modifications. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify parameters that increased the surgical difficulty. A preoperative nomogram to predict the surgical difficulty was established and validated. RESULTS A total of 418 consecutive patients with right colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical resection at a single tertiary medical center between January 2016 and May 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to a training data set ( n =300, 71.8%) and an internal validation data set ( n =118, 28.2%). Meanwhile, an external validation data set with 150 consecutive eligible patients from another tertiary medical center was collected. In the training data set, 222 patients (74.0%) comprised the non-difficulty group and 78 (26.0%) comprised the difficulty group. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that adipose thickness at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose area at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose density at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, presence of the right colonic artery, presence of type III Henle's trunk, intra-abdominal adipose area, plasma triglyceride concentration, and tumor diameter at least 5 cm were independent risk factors for surgical difficulty; these factors were included in the nomogram. The nomogram incorporating seven independent predictors showed a high C-index of 0.922 and considerable reliability, accuracy, and net clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS The study established and validated a reliable nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer. The nomogram may assist surgeons in preoperatively evaluating risk and selecting appropriate patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Yu
- Department of General Surgery
| | | | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanbo Hu
- Shandong Healthcare Industry Development Group Co. Ltd., Shandong Healthcare, Zaozhuang
| | - Yuetang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Yutai County People’s Hospital, Jining
| | - Jinghao Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Wenbin Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Zhibo Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
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22
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Cuk P, Simonsen RM, Sherzai S, Buchbjerg T, Andersen PV, Salomon S, Pietersen PI, Möller S, Al-Najami I, Ellebaek MB. Surgical efficacy and learning curves of laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision with intracorporeal anastomosis for right-sided colon cancer: A retrospective two-center cohort study. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:1152-1159. [PMID: 36933189 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a potential benefit on long-term outcomes following complete mesocolic excision (CME) for right-sided colon cancer when compared to conventional colectomy. This study aims to analyze the learning curve and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic CME with intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA) for right-sided colon cancer in the hands of experienced colorectal surgeons. METHODS A two-center cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing right-sided colectomy from September 2021 to May 2022 at two tertiary colorectal centers in Denmark. Learning curves of surgical time were estimated using a cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM). RESULTS A total of 61 patients were included. According to the CUSUM analysis, 32 cases were needed to obtain a peak in operative time, resulting in a decrease in time consumption (group 1/learning phase: 217.2 min [SD 53.6] and group 2/plateau phase 191.6 min [SD 45.1], p = 0.05). There was a nonsignificant reduction in the rates of severe surgical complications (Clavien-Dindo > 3) (13% vs. 7%, p = 0.67) between the two groups, while the length of hospital stay remained constant (median 3.0 days, interquartile range, IQR [2.0; 4.0]). CONCLUSION The learning curve of laparoscopic CME with ICA for right-sided colon cancer demonstrated that 32 cases were needed to obtain a plateau phase expressed by operative time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedja Cuk
- Surgical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Selab Sherzai
- Surgical Department, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Buchbjerg
- Surgical Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Salomon
- Surgical Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Pia Iben Pietersen
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital-Svendborg, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Radiology, Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,OPEN-Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Issam Al-Najami
- Surgical Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mark Bremholm Ellebaek
- Surgical Department, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
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23
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Symeonidis D, Karakantas KS, Kissa L, Samara AA, Bompou E, Tepetes K, Tzovaras G. Isoperistaltic vs antiperistaltic anastomosis after right hemicolectomy: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:1694-1701. [PMID: 36970003 PMCID: PMC10037296 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i8.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To optimize the efficiency of ileocolic anastomosis following right hemicolectomy, several variations of the surgical technique have been tested. These include performing the anastomosis intra- or extracorporeally or performing a stapled or hand-sewn anastomosis. Among the least studied is the configuration of the two stumps (i.e., isoperistaltic or antiperistaltic) in the case of a side-to-side anastomosis. The purpose of the present study is to compare the isoperistaltic and antiperistaltic side-to-side anastomotic configuration after right hemicolectomy by reviewing the relevant literature. High-quality literature is scarce, with only three studies directly comparing the two alternatives, and no study has revealed any significant differences in the incidence of anastomosis-related complications such as leakage, stenosis, or bleeding. However, there may be a trend towards an earlier recovery of intestinal function following antiperistaltic anastomosis. Finally, existing data do not identify a certain anastomotic configuration (i.e., isoperistaltic or antiperistaltic) as superior over the other. Thus, the most appropriate approach is to master both anastomotic techniques and select between the two configurations based on each individual case scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Labrini Kissa
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Athina A Samara
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Effrosyni Bompou
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Tzovaras
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece
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24
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Zhou H, Bian C, Wang A, Xiang H. Single-incision plus one port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision and intracorporeal anastomosis. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:237-238. [PMID: 35752983 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-022-02646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhou
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ce Bian
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Tipmanee P, Malakorn S. Step-by-step approach with anatomical highlights in SMV-first laparoscopic right colectomy. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:241-242. [PMID: 36315363 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-022-02718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Tipmanee
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Malakorn
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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26
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Cuk P, Jawhara M, Al-Najami I, Helligsø P, Pedersen AK, Ellebæk MB. Robot-assisted versus laparoscopic short- and long-term outcomes in complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colonic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:171-181. [PMID: 36001164 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-022-02686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete mesocolic excision (CME) surgery is increasingly implemented for the resection of right-sided colonic cancer, possibly resulting in improved 5-year overall and disease-free survival compared to non-CME surgery. However, it is not clear what surgical platform should be used. The aim of this study was to compare the following outcomes between robot-assisted and laparoscopic CME-surgery for right-sided colonic cancer: (i) short-term clinical outcomes, (ii) pathological specimen quality, and (iii) long-term oncological outcomes. METHODS Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from inception until August 2021. Pooled proportions were calculated by applying the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity was explored by I-square and supplemented by sensitivity- and meta-regression analyses. The risk of bias was evaluated by either MINORS or Cochrane's risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2). RESULTS Fifty-five studies with 5.357 patients (740 robot-assisted and 4617 laparoscopic) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall postoperative morbidity was 17% [95% CI (14-20%)] in the robot-assisted group and 13% [95%CI (12-13%)] in the laparoscopic group. Robot-assisted CME was associated with a shorter hospital stay, lower intraoperative blood loss, a higher amount of harvested lymph nodes, and better 3-year oerall and disease-free survival. MINORS and RoB2 indicated a serious risk of bias across studies included. CONCLUSIONS This review which includes predominantly non-randomized studies suggests a possible advantage of the robot-assisted CME compared with a laparoscopic technique for several short-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedja Cuk
- Surgical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark. .,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Mohamad Jawhara
- Surgical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Issam Al-Najami
- Research Unit for Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Helligsø
- Surgical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Kresten Philipsens Vej 15, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark
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27
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Sica GS, Vinci D, Siragusa L, Sensi B, Guida AM, Bellato V, García-Granero Á, Pellino G. Definition and reporting of lymphadenectomy and complete mesocolic excision for radical right colectomy: a systematic review. Surg Endosc 2023; 37:846-861. [PMID: 36097099 PMCID: PMC9944740 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several procedures have been proposed to reduce the rates of recurrence in patients with right-sided colon cancer. Different procedures for a radical right colectomy (RRC), including extended D3 lymphadenectomy, complete mesocolic excision and central vascular ligation have been associated with survival benefits by some authors, but results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the variability in definition and reporting of RRC, which might be responsible for significant differences in outcome evaluation. METHODS PRISMA-compliant systematic literature review to identify the definitions of RRC. Primary aims were to identify surgical steps and different nomenclature for RRC. Secondary aims were description of heterogeneity and overlap among different RRC techniques. RESULTS Ninety-nine articles satisfied inclusion criteria. Eight surgical steps were identified and recorded as specific to RRC: Central arterial ligation was described in 100% of the included studies; preservation of mesocolic integrity in 73% and dissection along the SMV plane in 67%. Other surgical steps were inconstantly reported. Six differently named techniques for RRC have been identified. There were 35 definitions for the 6 techniques and 40% of these were used to identify more than one technique. CONCLUSIONS The only universally adopted surgical step for RRC is central arterial ligation. There is great heterogeneity and consistent overlap among definitions of all RRC techniques. This is likely to jeopardise the interpretation of the outcomes of studies on the topic. Consistent use of definitions and reporting of procedures are needed to obtain reliable conclusions in future trials. PROSPERO CRD42021241650.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe S Sica
- Minimally Invasive Unit, Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Danilo Vinci
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Leandro Siragusa
- Minimally Invasive Unit, Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Sensi
- Minimally Invasive Unit, Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea M Guida
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Bellato
- Department of Surgical Science, Policlinico Tor Vergata - University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Ospedale IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Álvaro García-Granero
- Colorectal Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma, Spain
- Applied Surgical Anatomy Unit, Human Embryology and Anatomy Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Human Embryology and Anatomy Department, University of Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain
| | - Gianluca Pellino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Colorectal Surgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Das B, Fehervari M, Hamrang-Yousefi S, Jiao LR, Pai M, Jenkins JT, Spalding DRC. Pancreaticoduodenectomy with right hemicolectomy for advanced malignancy: a single UK hepatopancreaticobiliary centre experience. Colorectal Dis 2023; 25:16-23. [PMID: 35975477 PMCID: PMC10087186 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Locally advanced intestinal neoplasms including colon cancer may require radical en bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy and right hemicolectomy (PD-RC) to achieve curative, margin-negative resection, but the safety and benefit of this uncommon procedure has not been established. The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland IMPACT initiative has also highlighted a lack of awareness about current services available within the UK for patients with advanced colorectal cancer and concerns about low-volume centres managing complex cases. Thus, we aimed to review the feasibility, safety and long-term outcomes of this procedure at a single high-volume hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery unit in the UK. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was performed using a database of all consecutive patients with intestinal cancer who had been referred to our regional advanced multidisciplinary team and undergone PD-RC in a 7-year period (2013-2020). Clinico-pathological and outcome data were reviewed. RESULTS Ten patients (mean age 54 ± 13, 8/10 men) were identified. Final histology revealed the primary tumour sites were colon (n = 7) and duodenum (n = 3). R0 resection was achieved in all cases. The major complication rate (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3) was 10% (1/10) with no deaths within 90 days of surgery. The Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year overall survival was 83.3% (95% CI 58.3%-100%). Univariate survival analysis identified perineural invasion and extra-colonic origin as predictors of poor survival (log-rank P < 0.05). CONCLUSION En bloc PD-RC for locally advanced intestinal cancer can be performed safely with a high proportion of margin-negative resections and resultant long-term survival in carefully selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Das
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Matyas Fehervari
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sahar Hamrang-Yousefi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Long R Jiao
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Madhava Pai
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Duncan R C Spalding
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Courtney E. Operative and Pathological Factors in Right-Sided Colon Cancers: How Can We Improve the Outcomes? Cureus 2023; 15:e33832. [PMID: 36819408 PMCID: PMC9930915 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Though the tumour-node-metastasis staging classification is the standard approach to risk stratification in patients with colorectal cancer, several other important variables including the presence of extramural venous invasion (EMVI), the tumour mismatch repair status, as well as surgical technique and its influence on lymph node yield all have an impact on long-term survival. This study aims to review both the impact of the type of operation on lymph node yield: complete mesocolic excision (CME) versus right hemicolectomy, and the impact of EMVI and microsatellite instability in predicting overall survival in patients undergoing a right hemicolectomy for colon cancer. METHODS Data of all patients who underwent an elective or emergency right hemicolectomy with curative intent for colon cancer between January 2013 and June 2022 (inclusive) was collected for this single-centre retrospective study. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 28, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) software, and the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test was used to compare survival distribution between different groups. RESULTS A total of 421 patients underwent a right hemicolectomy for colon cancer with curative intent during the study period. EMVI was present in 173 (41%) tumours. Survival analysis showed significantly reduced cancer-related survival in patients with EMVI-positive tumours (p < 0.001), with five-year survival rates of 70% in EMVI-positive groups versus 96% in EMVI-negative groups. Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival between node-positive and node-negative tumours in cancers found to have EMVI (p < 0.001). Mean lymph node yield was significantly higher in the CME group versus the standard right hemicolectomy group (p < 0.001). We found no significant difference in survival between patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumours and microsatellite stable (MSS) tumours (p = 0.432). CONCLUSION Consideration of tumour biology and adopting the optimum surgical technique are factors that may influence long-term survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Extramural venous invasion is an important prognostic indicator of adverse outcomes in patients with right-sided colon cancer. Our study demonstrates a reduction in survival in patients with EMVI-positive tumours when undertaking subgroup analysis by the presence or absence of nodal disease. Further research needs to be undertaken to compare the relative efficacy of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in right-sided cancers known to be EMVI-positive as some patients will fail to have adjuvant chemotherapy due to postoperative complications, thereby delaying recovery and missing the optimum window for treatment.
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Benz SR, Feder IS, Vollmer S, Tam Y, Reinacher-Schick A, Denz R, Hohenberger W, Lippert H, Tannapfel A, Stricker I. Complete mesocolic excision for right colonic cancer: prospective multicentre study. Br J Surg 2022; 110:98-105. [PMID: 36369986 PMCID: PMC10364501 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete mesocolic excision (CME) for right colonic cancer is a more complex operation than standard right hemicolectomy but evidence to support its routine use is still limited. This prospective multicentre study evaluated the effect of CME on long-term survival in colorectal cancer centres in Germany (RESECTAT trial). The primary hypothesis was that 5-year disease-free survival would be higher after CME than non-CME surgery. A secondary hypothesis was that there would be improved survival of patients with a mesenteric area greater than 15 000 mm2. METHODS Centres were asked to continue their current surgical practices. The surgery was classified as CME if the superior mesenteric vein was dissected; otherwise it was assumed that no CME had been performed. All specimens were shipped to one institution for pathological analysis and documentation. Clinical data were recorded in an established registry for quality assurance. The primary endpoint was 5-year overall survival for stages I-III. Multivariable adjustment for group allocation was planned. Using a primary hypothesis of an increase in disease-free survival from 60 to 70 per cent, a sample size of 662 patients was calculated with a 50 per cent anticipated drop-out rate. RESULTS A total of 1004 patients from 53 centres were recruited for the final analysis (496 CME, 508 no CME). Most operations (88.4 per cent) were done by an open approach. Anastomotic leak occurred in 3.4 per cent in the CME and 1.8 per cent in the non-CME group. There were slightly more lymph nodes found in CME than non-CME specimens (mean 55.6 and 50.4 respectively). Positive central mesenteric nodes were detected more in non-CME than CME specimens (5.9 versus 4.0 per cent). One-fifth of patients had died at the time of study with recorded recurrences (63, 6.3 per cent), too few to calculate disease-free survival (the original primary outcome), so overall survival (not disease-specific) results are presented. Short-term and overall survival were similar in the CME and non-CME groups. Adjusted Cox regression indicated a possible benefit for overall survival with CME in stage III disease (HR 0.52, 95 per cent c.i. 0.31 to 0.85; P = 0.010) but less so for disease-free survival (HR 0.66; P = 0.068). The secondary outcome (15 000 mm2 mesenteric size) did not influence survival at any stage (removal of more mesentery did not alter survival). CONCLUSION No general benefit of CME could be established. The observation of better overall survival in stage III on unplanned exploratory analysis is of uncertain significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R Benz
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Kinderchirurgie Kliniken Boeblingen, Boeblingen, Germany
| | - Inke S Feder
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Saskia Vollmer
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Kinderchirurgie Kliniken Boeblingen, Boeblingen, Germany
| | - Yu Tam
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anke Reinacher-Schick
- Hämatologie und Onkologie mit Palliativmedizin, Ruhruniversität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robin Denz
- Abteilung für medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie der Rur-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Hans Lippert
- AN-Institut für Qualitätssicherung in der operativen Medizin, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Tannapfel
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingo Stricker
- Institut für Pathologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Simões P, Fernandes G, Costeira B, Machete M, Baptista C, N Silva D, Leal-Costa L, Prazeres G, Correia J, Albuquerque J, Padrão T, Gomes C, Godinho J, Faria A, Casa-Nova M, Lopes F, Teixeira JA, F Pulido C, Oliveira H, Mascarenhas-Lemos L, Albergaria D, Maio R, Passos-Coelho JL. Lymph node yield in the pathological staging of resected nonmetastatic colon cancer: The more the better? Surg Oncol 2022; 43:101806. [PMID: 35841744 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Guidelines recommend regional lymphadenectomy with a lymph node yield (LNY) of at least 12 lymph nodes (LN) for adequate colon cancer (CC) staging. LNY ≥22LN may improve survival, especially in right-sided CC [Lee et al., Surg Oncol, 27(3), 2018]. This multicentric retrospective cohort study evaluated the impact of LNY and tumor laterality on CC staging and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with stage I-III CC that underwent surgery from 2012 to 2018 were grouped according to LNY: <22 and ≥ 22. Primary outcomes were LN positivity (N+ rate) and disease-free survival (DFS). Overall survival (OS) was the secondary outcome. Exploratory analyses were performed for laterality and stage. RESULTS We included 795 patients (417 < 22LN, 378 ≥ 22LN); 53% had left-sided CC and 29%/37%/38% had stage I/II/III tumors. There was no association between LNY ≥22LN and N+ rate after adjustment for grade, T stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion; a trend for a higher N+ rate in left-sided CC was identified (interaction p = 0.033). With a median follow-up of 63.6 months for DFS and 73.2 months for OS, 254 patients (31.9%) relapsed and 207 (26.0%) died. In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, ASA score, laparoscopic approach, T/N stage, mucinous histology, LVI and adjuvant chemotherapy, LNY ≥22LN was significantly associated with both DFS (HR 0.75, p = 0.031) and OS (HR 0.71, p = 0.025). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a more significant benefit for right-sided CC. CONCLUSION LNY ≥22LN was associated with longer DFS and OS in patients with operable CC, especially for right-sided CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Simões
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Gonçalo Fernandes
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz Costeira
- General Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Madalena Machete
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Carlota Baptista
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Diana N Silva
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Leal-Costa
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Gil Prazeres
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Jorge Correia
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Joana Albuquerque
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Padrão
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - João Godinho
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Ana Faria
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Mafalda Casa-Nova
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Fábio Lopes
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - José A Teixeira
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Catarina F Pulido
- Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Pathology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Luís Mascarenhas-Lemos
- Pathology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal; Pathology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Albergaria
- General Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal.
| | - Rui Maio
- General Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal; General Surgery, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - José L Passos-Coelho
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Av. Carlos Teixeira 3, 2674-514, Loures, Portugal; Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Av. Lusíada 100, 1500-650, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Seow-En I, Tzu-Liang Chen W. Complete mesocolic excision with central venous ligation/D3 lymphadenectomy for colon cancer – A comprehensive review of the evidence. Surg Oncol 2022; 42:101755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zheng H, Liu Y, Chen Z, Sun Y, Xu J. Novel nomogram for predicting risk of early postoperative small bowel obstruction after right colectomy for cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:19. [PMID: 35062961 PMCID: PMC8783471 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early postoperative small bowel obstruction (EPSBO) is a common complication after colorectal cancer surgery. Few studies have specifically studied risk factors for early small bowel obstruction after right colectomy, especially in establishing predictive models. The purpose of the current study was to establish an effective nomogram to predict the incidence of EPSBO after right colectomy. Methods The current study retrospectively analyzed data from a total of 424 patients who underwent right colectomy in a local hospital from January 2014 to March 2021. A logistic regression model was used to identify potential risk factors for EPSBO after right colectomy. A nomogram was established by independent risk factors, and the prediction performance of the model was evaluated using an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration chart. Results A total of 45 patients (10.6%) developed early small bowel obstruction after right colectomy. Male sex, history of abdominal surgery, open surgery, long operative time, anastomotic leakage, and preoperative albumin were closely related to EPSBO. Analysis of postoperative rehabilitation indices showed that EPSBO remarkably slowed the postoperative rehabilitation speed of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male sex, open surgery, operative time, and anastomotic leakage were independent risk factors (P < 0.05), and the operation time had the greatest impact on EPSBO. On the basis of multivariate logistic regression, a nomogram was constructed, which showed moderate accuracy in predicting EPSBO, with a C-statistic of 0.716. The calibration chart showed good consistency between the predicted probability and ideal probability. Conclusion The current study constructed a nomogram based on the clinical data of patients who underwent right colectomy, which had moderate predictability and could provide reference value for clinicians to evaluate the risk of EPSBO.
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Rawat S, Selvasekar C, Bansal S. Laparoscopic Lymphadenectomy for Colorectal Cancers: Concepts and Current Results. RECENT CONCEPTS IN MINIMAL ACCESS SURGERY 2022:155-192. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-5473-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
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Mazzarella G, Muttillo EM. Need to define right mesocolectomy and complete mesocolic excision concept: How, when and why? Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:3026. [PMID: 34453775 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Mazzarella
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Emergency Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Maria Muttillo
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of General Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
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