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Bonhomme V, Putensen C, Böttiger BW, Stevens MF, Marczin N, Arnal D, Brotfain E, Raz A, Defresne A, Bogossian E, Sviri S, Cardone P, Mair A, Robba C, Dilmen OK, Ly J, Crisan MI, De Graaff JC, Najafi N, Vutskits L, Absalom A, Abramovich I, Souberbielle Q, Momeni M, Campbell D, Evered L, Vacas S, Saxena S, Bruder N, Oksuz DA, Lobo FA, van Putten M, Sahinovic M, Hawryluk GWJ, Kustura A, Yürek F, Baron Shahaf D, Shahaf G, Radke F, Khalifa C. Brain health: A concern for anaesthesiologists and intensivists. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY AND INTENSIVE CARE 2024; 3:e0063. [PMID: 39917635 PMCID: PMC11798402 DOI: 10.1097/ea9.0000000000000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2025]
Abstract
Damage to the brain can have disastrous and long-lasting consequences. The European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) is aware of the importance of taking good care of the brain, both of patients and of anaesthesia and intensive care unit (ICU) caregivers, and has organised a complete learning track on brain health to bring this concern to the attention of practitioners. This learning track included an online Focus Meeting on Brain Health (November 25, 2023). We here provide readers with a digest of the information that was delivered during that meeting in an opinion paper driven by the authors' own reading of the literature. It is divided according to the meeting's sessions, including how to improve the health of an injured brain, how to keep a young or old brain healthy, how to keep a healthy adult brain unimpaired, how monitoring can impact brain health in the operating room and in the intensive care unit, and how to keep the anaesthesia and ICU caregivers' brain healthy. Each part is a brief and focused summary. The main delivered messages are that the management of injured brain patients involves an adequate choice of sedation, adequate brain monitoring, and focused attention to specific points depending on the underlying pathology; that several measures can be undertaken to protect the brain of the very young needing anaesthesia; that it is possible to detect older patients at risk of postoperative neurocognitive disorders, and that dedicated perioperative management by a multidisciplinary expert team may improve their outcomes; that apparently healthy adult brains may suffer during anaesthesia; that the electroencephalogram may track peri-operative brain dysfunction, and that female patients should be given special care in this respect; that multimodal brain monitoring helps to detect pathological processes and to maintain brain homeostasis; and that burnout in anaesthesiologists can be effectively fought using personal, organisational, managerial and legal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Bonhomme
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Christian Putensen
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Bernd W Böttiger
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Markus F Stevens
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Nandor Marczin
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Daniel Arnal
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Evgeni Brotfain
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Aeyal Raz
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Aline Defresne
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Elisa Bogossian
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Sigal Sviri
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Paolo Cardone
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Alexander Mair
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Chiara Robba
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Ozlem Korkmaz Dilmen
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Julien Ly
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Maria I Crisan
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Jurgen C De Graaff
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Nadia Najafi
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Laszlo Vutskits
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Anthony Absalom
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Igor Abramovich
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Quentin Souberbielle
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Mona Momeni
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Douglas Campbell
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Lisbeth Evered
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Susana Vacas
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Sarah Saxena
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Nicolas Bruder
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Dilara A Oksuz
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Francisco A Lobo
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Michel van Putten
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Marko Sahinovic
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Gregory W J Hawryluk
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Antonia Kustura
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Fatima Yürek
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Dana Baron Shahaf
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Goded Shahaf
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Finn Radke
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
| | - Celine Khalifa
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (VB), Anesthesia and Perioperative Neuroscience Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness Thematic Unit, GIGA-Research, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (VB, AD), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn (CP), University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (BWB), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (MFS), Division of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS, London, United Kingdom (NM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (NM), Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain (DA), General Intensive Care Unit, Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer- Sheva, Israel (EB), Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Healthcare Campus (AR), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (AR), University Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle (AD), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (AD), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hospital - University Hospital of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (EB), Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (SS), Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, Liege University, Belgium, and Centre du Cerveau, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (PC), Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (AM), Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e Integrate, University of Genoa (CR), IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (CR), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey (OKD), Department of Neurology, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium (JL), Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (MIC), Department of Anesthesia, Adrz-Erasmus MC, Goes, the Netherlands (JCDG), Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (JCDG, LE), Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium (NN), University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (LV), Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (AA, MS), Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | CCM | CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IA, FY), Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc (QS, MM), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (MM, CK), Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (MM, CK), Department of Anaesthesiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (DC), Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne (LE), Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (LE), Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA (SV), Department of Anaesthesiology-Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium (SS), Hospital La Conception and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France (NB), Tip Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tip Bilimleri, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (DAO), Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (FAL), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede (MvP), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Hospital, Fairlawn, Ohio, USA (GWJH), Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia (AK), Department of Anesthesia (DBS), The Applied Neurophysiology Lab, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel (GS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark (FR) and Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (CK)
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