Challenges and solutions in the treatment of spinal disorders in patients with skeletal dysplasia: A comprehensive review

doi:10.5662/wjm.v15.i4.102401

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World Journal of Methodology

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2222-0682

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Methodol. Dec 20, 2025; 15(4): 102401
Published online Dec 20, 2025. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i4.102401

Challenges and solutions in the treatment of spinal disorders in patients with skeletal dysplasia: A comprehensive review

Athanasios I Tsirikos, Akash Jain, Kaustubh Ahuja

Athanasios I Tsirikos, Scottish National Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh EH91LF, United Kingdom

Akash Jain, Kaustubh Ahuja, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarākhand, India

Co-corresponding authors: Athanasios I Tsirikos and Kaustubh Ahuja.

Author contributions: Tsirikos AI performed the literature review; Jain A and Ahuja K contributed to manuscript writing and data analysis; Tsirikos AI, Jain A, and Ahuja K designed the research study; all authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors have any potential conflict of interest pertaining to the manuscript.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Athanasios I Tsirikos, MD, PhD, Scottish National Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Sciennes Road, Edinburgh EH91LF, United Kingdom. atsirikos@hotmail.com

Received: October 17, 2024
Revised: March 9, 2025
Accepted: March 13, 2025
Published online: December 20, 2025
Processing time: 292 Days and 4.4 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Spinal disorders are commonly encountered in patients with skeletal dysplasia. Skeletal dysplasias often impacts physeal growth areas, leading to conditions like foramen magnum stenosis, atlantoaxial instability, spinal stenosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. The current article provides a detailed review of the various types of skeletal dysplasia and its associated spectrum of spinal disorders, along with common clinical presentation and management options and outcomes as described in literature.