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Publication Name
World Journal of Methodology
ISSN
2222-0682
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Meta-Analysis
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2026; 16(3): 119385
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5662/wjm.119385
Glucagon-like receptor-1 agonists and impotence: A meta-analysis
Hyder Osman Mirghani, Asawir Mohammed AlQurashi
Hyder Osman Mirghani, Asawir Mohammed AlQurashi, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 51941, Saudi Arabia
Author contributions: Mirghani HO performed the conception and design of the study, the literature search, data analysis, the drafting and critical revision of the manuscript, and provided the final approval of the version to be published; AlQurashi AM searched the literature, interpreted the data, drafted and critically revised the manuscript, and provided the final approval of the version to be published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors deny any conflict of interest.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Corresponding author: Hyder Osman Mirghani, MD, Full Professor, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Prince Fahd Bin Sulta, Tabuk 51941, Saudi Arabia. s.hyder63@hotmail.com
Received: January 26, 2026
Revised: February 2, 2026
Accepted: February 25, 2026
Published online: September 20, 2026
Processing time: 165 Days and 15.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Glucagon-like peptide receptors-1 agonists (GLP-1 agonists) have revolutionized the treatment of obesity and diabetes due to their potent effects on weight and glycemic control, and cardiorenal protection. However, emerging reports and post-marketing surveillance have raised concerns regarding erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence in a subset of male patients.

AIM

To assess the association between GLP-1 agonists, ED, total (TT) and free testosterone (FT), sex hormone binding globulins (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH).

METHODS

We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science in November and December 2026 for articles examining the association between GLP-1 agonists and ED, with no publication date restriction. However, only articles published in the English language were eligible. The terms used were GLP-1 agonists, ED, semaglutide, liraglutide, ozympic, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, and Impotence.

RESULTS

One hundred seventy-two articles were found; after removing duplicates, 63 remained, of which 12 full texts were screened, and 7 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Seven studies involving 237 males were included. GLP-1 agonist therapy improved ED score with a significant statistical difference, MD = 2.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.64-3.83. A significant increase was found regarding TT, SHBG, and FSH, MD 73.04, 95%CI: 16.91-129.17, MD 7.00, 95%CI: 1.71-12.30, and MD 0.46, 95%CI: 0.01-0.91 respectively.

CONCLUSION

No significant differences were evident regarding the FT, and LH. GLP-1 agonists significantly improved ED, TT, SHBG, and FSH in males, no effects were observed on FT, and LH; larger randomized trials are needed.

Keywords: Glucagon-like peptide receptors-1 agonists; Erectile dysfunction impotence; Autonomic nervous system; Erectile dysfunction; Impotence; Meta-analysis

Core Tip: Glucagon-like peptide receptors-1 agonists (GLP-1 agonists) have revolutionized the treatment of obesity and diabetes due to their potent effects on weight and glycemic control, and cardiorenal protection. However, emerging reports and post-marketing surveillance have raised concerns regarding erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence in a subset of male patients. Impotence is common and is associated with diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular risk factors. Drugs that mitigate both impotence and cardiovascular risk are attractive. This review gave an insight about the effects of GLP-1 agonists and ED.
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