Genomics in medicine: A new era in medicine

Abstract

The sequencing of complete human genome revolutionized the genomic medicine. However, the complex interplay of gene-environment-lifestyle and influence of non-coding genomic regions on human health remain largely unexplored. Genomic medicine has great potential for diagnoses or disease prediction, disease prevention and, targeted treatment. However, many of the promising tools of genomic medicine are still in their infancy and their application may be limited because of the limited knowledge we have that precludes its use in many clinical settings. In this review article, we have reviewed the evolution of genomic methodologies/tools, their limitations, and scope, for current and future clinical application.

Keywords: Genomic medicine; Medical genetics; Gene sequencing; DNA sequencing; RNA sequencing; Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat; Gene based therapy; Genomic tools; Genome editing

Core Tip: The field of Genomics is the future of medicine, as evidenced by the unprecedented research and clinical application which pushed the time boundaries for the coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccines. However the path to unleashing the potential from genomic tools is far from perfect. A thorough research with international collaboration and cooperation is a necessity and the need of the hour.