• Humans
• Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis
• Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/analysis
• Child
• COVID-19/diagnosis
• COVID-19/blood
• COVID-19/complications
• Critical Illness
• Biomarkers/blood
• Child, Preschool

• COVID-19
• Mortality
• Pulmonary risk factors
• Thromboembolism

• COVID-19
• novel inflammatory markers
• pulmonary embolism

• COVID-19 pneumonia
• anticoagulation
• inflammation
• pulmonary thrombosis
• risk factors

• COVID-19
• pneumonia
• pulmonary embolism
• thrombosis
• venous thromboembolism

• COVID-19
• Pulmonary embolism
• Venous thromboembolism

• SARS-CoV-2
• arrhythmia
• cardiogenic shock
• cardiovascular disease
• heart failure
• myocarditis

• COVID-19
• Complications
• SARS-CoV-2
• Surgery
• Surgical intervention
• Thromboembolic

• T32 GM007281 NIGMS NIH HHS

• Anticoagulants
• COVID-19
• Comorbidities
• Portal vein thrombosis

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2 infection
• coronary artery thrombosis
• neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)

• B-lines
• COVID-19
• Lung ultrasound
• Venous thromboembolic events

• Adult
• Aged
• COVID-19/diagnostic imaging
• Female
• Humans
• Lung/diagnostic imaging
• Male
• Prospective Studies
• Ultrasonography/methods
• Venous Thromboembolism/diagnostic imaging

• R01 HL148439 NHLBI NIH HHS
• NFF20SA0062835 Novo Nordisk Fonden

• COVID‐19
• D‐dimer
• VTE
• prognostic biomarkers
• venous thromboembolism

• COVID-19
• Hematologic complications
• SARS-CoV-2
• Thrombocytopenia
• Thromboembolism

• NGS
• anticoagulant
• antithrombin deficiency
• high-throughput sequencing
• mutation detection rate
• protein C deficiency
• protein S deficiency

• coronavirus disease 2019
• embolism and thrombosis
• extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• tomography
• x-ray computed

• Adult
• COVID-19/complications
• COVID-19/therapy
• Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pneumonia, Viral/complications
• Pneumonia, Viral/therapy
• Prognosis
• Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
• Thrombosis/etiology
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed

• Wellcome Trust
• 209553/Z/17/Z Wellcome Trust

Pulmonary embolisms are frequently and prognostically in individuals infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); the incidence of pulmonary embolisms is varied across numerous studies. This study aimed to assess the pooled incidence of pulmonary embolic events and the prognostic value of such events in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions of patients with COVID-19.

The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EmBase were systematically searched for eligible studies published on or before October 20, 2021. The pooled incidence of pulmonary embolism was calculated using the random-effects model. Moreover, the prognostic value was assessed by measuring the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Thirty-six studies involving 10,367 COVID-19 patients were selected for the final meta-analysis. The cumulative incidence of pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19 was 21% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 18−24%; P<0.001), and the incidence of pulmonary embolism in ICU and non-ICU patients was 26% (95%CI: 22−31%; P<0.001) and 17% (95%CI: 14−20%; P<0.001), respectively. The predictive role of pulmonary embolism in ICU admission was also assessed, and the sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.31 (95%CI: 0.21−0.42), 0.84 (95%CI: 0.75−0.90), 1.88 (95%CI: 1.45−2.45), 0.83 (95%CI: 0.75−0.91), 2.25 (95%CI: 1.64−3.08), and 0.61 (95%CI: 0.57−0.65), respectively.

This study found that the incidence of pulmonary embolism was relatively high in COVID-19 patients, and the incidence of pulmonary embolism in ICU patients was higher than that in non-ICU patients.

• coagulopathy
• covid-19
• inflammation
• thrombosis

• Adult
• COVID-19/complications
• Endothelial Cells
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products
• Humans
• Incidence
• Middle Aged
• Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis
• Pulmonary Embolism/virology
• RNA, Viral
• Retrospective Studies
• SARS-CoV-2

Although thrombosis events have been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the association between thrombosis and COVID-19-related critical status or risk of mortality in COVID-19 has been inconsistent.

We conducted a meta-analysis of reports assessing the association between thrombosis and the prognosis of COVID-19.

The EMBASE, Ovid-MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases were searched up to December 9, 2021, and additional studies were retrieved via manual searching. Studies were included if they reported the risk of COVID-19-related critical status or COVID-19-related mortality in relation to thrombosis. The related data were extracted by two authors independently, and a random effects model was conducted to pool the odds ratios (ORs). In addition, stratified analyses were conducted to evaluate the association.

Among 6,686 initially identified studies, we included 25 studies published in 2020 and 2021, with a total of 332,915 patients according to predefined inclusion criteria. The associations between thrombosis and COVID-19-related mortality and COVID-19-related critical status were significant, with ORs of 2.61 (95% CI, 1.91–3.55, p < 0.05) and 2.9 (95% CI, 1.6–5.24, p < 0.05), respectively. The results were statistically significant and consistent in stratified analyses.

Thrombosis is associated with an increased risk of mortality and critical status induced by COVID-19. Further prospective studies with large sample sizes are required to establish whether these associations are causal by considering more confounders and to clarify their mechanisms.

Observational studies cannot prove causality. However, autopsy studies show thrombosis events preceding COVID-19-related deaths. The results of this meta-analysis reported that thrombosis was associated with a 161% increased risk of mortality from COVID-19 and a 190% increased risk of COVID-19-related critical status. The type of thrombosis included in the original studies also seemed to be related to the results.

• Aged
• COVID-19/mortality
• COVID-19/pathology
• Cohort Studies
• Comorbidity
• Female
• Hospitalization
• Humans
• Male
• New Jersey
• Retrospective Studies
• Thrombosis/mortality
• Thrombosis/pathology
• United States

• COVID-19
• anticoagulation
• mortality risk
• thromboembolism
• thrombosis

• Anticoagulants/therapeutic use
• Blood Coagulation
• COVID-19/complications
• COVID-19/diagnosis
• Humans
• Male
• SARS-CoV-2
• Venous Thromboembolism/diagnosis
• Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
• Venous Thromboembolism/etiology

• COVID-19
• cytokine storm
• pulmonary embolism

• COVID-19
• Prophylaxie
• Prophylaxis
• Psychotropes
• Psychotropics
• SARS-CoV-2
• Safety
• Sécurité clinique

• Humans
• Pandemics
• Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects
• SARS-CoV-2
• COVID-19 Drug Treatment

• COVID-19
• Virchow’s triad
• cardiovascular
• stroke
• thrombosis

• pulmonary embolism
• viral infection

• COVID-19/complications
• COVID-19/diagnosis
• COVID-19/therapy
• Critical Care
• Hospitalization
• Humans
• Prevalence
• Thromboembolism/diagnosis
• Thromboembolism/epidemiology
• Thromboembolism/prevention & control

• COVID‐19
• coronavirus
• prothrombotic thrombocytopenic syndrome
• vaccination
• vaccine

• COVID-19
• extra pulmonary
• infection control
• manifestations
• pulmonary

• COVID-19
• COVID-19 Testing
• Cytokine Release Syndrome
• Humans
• Pandemics
• SARS-CoV-2

COVID‐19 is a global pandemic with a daily increasing number of affected individuals. Thrombosis is a severe complication of COVID‐19 that leads to a worse clinical course with higher rates of mortality. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that hyperinflammation plays a crucial role in disease progression. This review compiles clinical data of COVID‐19 patients who developed thrombotic complications to investigate the possible role of hyperinflammation in inducing hypercoagulation. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Medline and Scopus to identify relevant clinical studies that investigated thrombotic manifestations and reported inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers in COVID‐19 patients. Only 54 studies met our inclusion criteria, the majority of which demonstrated significantly elevated inflammatory markers. In the cohort studies with control, D‐dimer was significantly higher in COVID‐19 patients with thrombosis as compared to the control. Pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis and strokes were frequently reported which could be attributed to the hyperinflammatory response associated with COVID‐19 and/or to the direct viral activation of platelets and endothelial cells, two mechanisms that are discussed in this review. It is recommended that all admitted COVID‐19 patients should be assessed for hypercoagulation. Furthermore, several studies have suggested that anticoagulation may be beneficial, especially in hospitalized non‐ICU patients. Although vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 have been approved and distributed in several countries, research should continue in the field of prevention and treatment of COVID‐19 and its severe complications including thrombosis due to the emergence of new variants against which the efficacy of the vaccines is not yet clear.

Background  Diagnostic strategies for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) have not been prospectively evaluated in COVID-19 patients.

Methods  Prospective, multicenter, outcome study in 707 patients with both (suspected) COVID-19 and suspected PE in 14 hospitals. Patients on chronic anticoagulant therapy were excluded. Informed consent was obtained by opt-out approach. Patients were managed by validated diagnostic strategies for suspected PE. We evaluated the safety (3-month failure rate) and efficiency (number of computed tomography pulmonary angiographies [CTPAs] avoided) of the applied strategies.

Results  Overall PE prevalence was 28%. YEARS was applied in 36%, Wells rule in 4.2%, and “CTPA only” in 52%; 7.4% was not tested because of hemodynamic or respiratory instability. Within YEARS, PE was considered excluded without CTPA in 29%, of which one patient developed nonfatal PE during follow-up (failure rate 1.4%, 95% CI 0.04–7.8). One-hundred seventeen patients (46%) managed according to YEARS had a negative CTPA, of whom 10 were diagnosed with nonfatal venous thromboembolism (VTE) during follow-up (failure rate 8.8%, 95% CI 4.3–16). In patients managed by CTPA only, 66% had an initial negative CTPA, of whom eight patients were diagnosed with a nonfatal VTE during follow-up (failure rate 3.6%, 95% CI 1.6–7.0).

Conclusion  Our results underline the applicability of YEARS in (suspected) COVID-19 patients with suspected PE. CTPA could be avoided in 29% of patients managed by YEARS, with a low failure rate. The failure rate after a negative CTPA, used as a sole test or within YEARS, was non-negligible and reflects the high thrombotic risk in these patients, warranting ongoing vigilance.

• COVID-19
• diagnosis
• pulmonary embolism
• venous thromboembolism

• COVID-19
• Clinical trial
• Scientific developments
• Vaccine
• Willingness

Pulmonary embolism (PE) has been identified as one of the deadliest complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Western literature reminds us of the high prevalence of PE in COVID. Here, we report a series of 13 cases of PE diagnosed and managed at our hospital.

Retrospective analysis of medical records of 13 cases of PE admitted at our hospital from February 1, 2020, to September 31, 2020, were done. Their clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data were assessed in detail.

Computed tomography pulmonary arteriography was used to make the diagnosis in eight patients (61.53%), and clinical findings with corroborative ultrasound and laboratory parameters were used to label PE in five patients (38.46%). Five patients were hemodynamically unstable, requiring thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, and four patients (30.76%) suffered a fatal outcome.

COVID-19 is a highly prothrombotic state, and all physicians should keep a high vigilance for PE. All hospitalized patients with COVID-19, especially those admitted in ICU, should be on prophylactic anticoagulation and, if there is any worsening, should be started on therapeutic regimen. Patients at the time of discharge should be switched to oral anticoagulation, which should be continued for at least 3–6 months.

• COVID-19
• Pulmonary embolism
• SARS-CoV-2

• National Institutes of Health (NIH)

• COVID-19
• D-dimer
• diagnosis
• diagnostic algorithm
• pulmonary embolism
• venous thromboembolism

• SARS-CoV-2 infection
• cytokines
• inflammation
• metabolism
• thrombosis

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been reported as a global emergency. As respiratory dysfunction is a major clinical presentation of COVID-19, chest computed tomography (CT) plays a central role in the diagnosis and management of patients with COVID-19. Recent advances in imaging approaches using artificial intelligence have been essential as a quantification and diagnostic tool to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases. Furthermore, cardiovascular involvement in patients with COVID-19 is not negligible and may result in rapid worsening of the disease and sudden death. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can accurately depict myocardial involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review summarizes the role of the radiology department in the management and the diagnosis of COVID-19, with a special emphasis on ultra-high-resolution CT findings, cardiovascular complications and the potential of artificial intelligence.

• Artificial intelligence
• COVID-19
• Cardiac magnetic resonance
• Computed tomography
• Pulmonary embolism

• Anticoagulants
• COVID-19
• Prevalence
• Risk factors
• Thrombosis

Socioeconomic factors such as elevated incidence of chronic disease, overcrowding, and increased occupational exposure result in higher risk of infectious disease. The COVID-19 pandemic has appeared to disproportionately affect communities affected by deprivation and discrimination, who also appear to be at greater risk of severe disease. Our aim was to investigate the evolution of the socioeconomic groups affected by COVID-19 over the course of the first wave of the pandemic by examining patients presenting to an acute NHS trust.

and methods: A retrospective study using the postcodes of patients presenting to the Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust who tested PCR-positive for COVID-19 were used to determine average house price and index of multiple deprivation. These were used as markers of affluence to examine the trend in the socioeconomic status of affected patients from February to May 2020.

384 cases were included. The postcodes of those individuals who were initially infected had higher average house prices and index of multiple deprivation, both of which followed downward trends as the outbreak progressed.

Our data shows that the outbreak spread from higher to lower affluence groups through the course of the pandemic. We hypothesise that this was due to wealthier individuals initially transmitting the virus from abroad. Therefore, an earlier and more effective quarantine could have reduced spread to members of the community at greater risk of infection and harm. We suggest that hospitals systematically record the socioeconomic status of affected individuals in order to monitor trends, identify those who may be at risk of severe disease, and to push for more equitable public health policy.

• COVID-19
• Epidemiology
• Social determinants of health
• Socioeconomic status

• thromboembolic disorders
• covid-19

• COVID-19
• D-dimer increment
• SARS-CoV-2
• thrombosis
• venous thromboembolism

• Aged
• Biomarkers/blood
• COVID-19/blood
• COVID-19/complications
• COVID-19/diagnosis
• COVID-19/therapy
• China/epidemiology
• Female
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/analysis
• Hospital Mortality
• Humans
• Immunization, Passive
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• SARS-CoV-2
• Venous Thromboembolism/blood
• Venous Thromboembolism/diagnosis
• Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
• Venous Thromboembolism/etiology
• Venous Thrombosis/blood
• Venous Thrombosis/epidemiology
• Venous Thrombosis/etiology
• COVID-19 Serotherapy

• 31620103909 National Natural Science Foundation of China
• 81973995 National Natural Science Foundation of China
• 2018QYTD14 Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team

• CTPA
• Covid-19
• computed tomography pulmonary angiography
• prophylactic anticoagulation
• pulmonary changes
• pulmonary embolism