• Gynecological cancers
• cervical cancer
• endometrial/uterine cancer
• half life.
• nanoplatforms
• ovarian cancer

• Humans
• Female
• Genital Neoplasms, Female/drug therapy
• Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
• Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
• Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
• Nanoparticles/chemistry
• Nanotechnology
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Animals

• edible dock protein
• flavonoid compound
• interaction
• phenolic hydroxyl number
• regulation

• Flavonoids/chemistry
• Quercetin/chemistry
• Antioxidants/chemistry
• Phenols
• Hydroxyl Radical/chemistry
• Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions

The global incidence of oral cancer has steadily increased in recent years and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Oral cancer is the most common cancer in the head and neck region, and is predominantly of epithelial origin (i.e. squamous cell carcinoma). Oral cancer treatment modalities mainly include surgery with or without radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Though proven effective, chemotherapy has significant adverse effects with possibilities of tumor resistance to anticancer drugs and recurrence. Thus, there is an imperative need to identify suitable anticancer therapies that are highly precise with minimal side effects and to make oral cancer treatment effective and safer. Among the available adjuvant therapies is curcumin, a plant polyphenol isolated from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Curcumin has been demonstrated to have anti-infectious, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. Curcumin has poor bioavailability, which has been overcome by its various analogues and nanoformulations, such as nanoparticles, liposome complexes, micelles, and phospholipid complexes. Studies have shown that the anticancer effects of curcumin are mediated by its action on multiple molecular targets, including activator protein 1, protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, mitogen-activated protein kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, and EGFR downstream signaling pathways. These targets play important roles in oral cancer pathogenesis, thereby making curcumin a promising adjuvant treatment modality. This review aims to summarize the different novel formulations of curcumin and their role in the treatment of oral cancer.

• Oral cancer
• Oral squamous cell carcinoma
• Analogues
• Curcumin
• Adjuvant therapy
• Nanocurcumin
• Curcumin nanoformulations
• Curcumin analogues

• Trichophyton mentagrophytes
• chitosan nanoparticle
• difluorinated curcumin
• hydrogel
• itraconazole
• onychomycosis

• administration routes
• cancer
• controlled drug delivery
• nanomedicines

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in icariin (ICA) and its derivates, icariside II (ICS) and icaritin (ICT), due to their wide range of potential applications in preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, delaying the effects of Alzheimer’s disease, treating erectile dysfunction, etc. However, their poor water solubility and membrane permeability, resulting in low bioavailability, dampens their potential beneficial effects. In this regard, several strategies have been developed, such as pharmaceutical technologies, structural transformations, and absorption enhancers. All these strategies manage to improve the bioavailability of the above-mentioned flavonoids, thus increasing their concentration in the desired places. This paper focuses on gathering the latest knowledge on strategies to improve bioavailability for enhancing the efficacy of icariin, icariside II, and icaritin. We conclude that there is an opportunity for many further improvements in this field. To the best of our knowledge, no such review articles scoping the bioavailability improvement of icariin and its derivates have been published to date. Therefore, this paper can be a good starting point for all those who want to deepen their understanding of the field.

• Biological Availability
• Flavonoids/pharmacology
• Flavonoids/therapeutic use
• Humans
• Male

• cancer
• chemotherapy
• dendrimers
• drug and gene delivery
• targeted therapy

• Humans
• Dendrimers/chemistry
• Dendrimers/therapeutic use
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Nanoparticles/chemistry
• Nanotechnology
• Neoplasms/drug therapy

• G protein-coupled receptor
• GPCR
• active targeting
• drug delivery
• internalization
• ligand
• nanoparticle
• ovarian cancer
• receptor

• Cervical cancer
• Drug delivery approaches
• Liposomes
• Nanocarriers
• Nanoparticles
• Targeted drug delivery

• Humans
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Female
• Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
• Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
• Animals
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Drug Carriers/chemistry
• Nanoparticles

• Cancer
• Dendrimer
• Integrin
• Nanotechnology
• Peptide
• RGD
• Targeted therapy

• Apoptosis
• Chemoprevention
• Curcumin
• Molecular targets
• Synthetic analogues

• Animal model
• Bioactive and therapeutic
• Dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate
• Osseointegration
• Peri-implantitis

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of gynecological tumor related deaths worldwide. The applications of conventional approaches such as chemoradiotherapy and surgery are restricted due to their side effects and drug resistances. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as novel choices, their clinical response rates are rather limited. To date there is a lack of effective treatment regimens for patients with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer. Recently nanomaterials like liposomes, dendrimers, and polymers are considered as promising delivery carriers with advantages of tumor‐specific administration, reduced toxicity, and improved biocompatibility. Here, we review the applications of nanoparticles in the fields of drug delivery, CRISPR based genome‐editing and therapeutic vaccines in cervical cancer treatment.

This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease

• CRISPR
• cervical cancer
• drug delivery
• nanoparticle
• therapeutic vaccine

• PAMAM dendrimer
• RNA delivery
• cancer
• delivery systems
• gene delivery
• gene therapy
• nanoparticles
• nucleic acids
• preclinical research
• small and large DNA

• Biocompatible Materials/administration & dosage
• Biocompatible Materials/chemical synthesis
• Dendrimers/administration & dosage
• Dendrimers/chemical synthesis
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
• Gene Transfer Techniques
• Genetic Therapy/methods
• Government Regulation
• Humans
• MicroRNAs/administration & dosage
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• MicroRNAs/metabolism
• Nanomedicine/legislation & jurisprudence
• Nanomedicine/methods
• Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
• Nanoparticles/chemistry
• Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
• Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
• Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
• Neoplasms/genetics
• Neoplasms/metabolism
• Neoplasms/pathology
• Neoplasms/therapy
• Oligonucleotides, Antisense/administration & dosage
• Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
• Oligonucleotides, Antisense/metabolism
• Plasmids/administration & dosage
• Plasmids/chemistry
• Plasmids/metabolism
• RNA, Messenger/administration & dosage
• RNA, Messenger/genetics
• RNA, Messenger/metabolism
• RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage
• RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
• RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
• Surface Properties

• BAX/Bcl-2
• Curcumin
• OVCAR-3
• apoptosis
• gemini surfactant
• ovarian cancer

In this work we report the results acquired from molecular dynamics simulations as well as the optimization of different generations of polyamidoamine dendrimer. The analysis data revealed synthesized dendrimer as a suitable nanostructured candidate suitable for neutral as well as charged molecule delivery due to the presence of both electrostatic potential and van der Waals forces. The methyl ester terminating groups of half-generation dendrimers with characteristic IR peaks for carbonyl at 1670.41 cm⁻¹ tends to shift to 1514.17 cm⁻¹ on conversion to amide group of full-generation dendrimer. The study includes the usage of detailed analysis, demonstrating how molecular dynamics affect the dendrimer complexation. The present investigations provide an unprecedented insight into the computational and experimental system that may be of general significance for the clinical application of dendrimers.

This article reviews progress over the past three decades related to the role of dendrimer-based, branch cell symmetry in the development of advanced drug delivery systems, aqueous based compatibilizers/solubilizers/excipients and nano-metal cluster catalysts. Historically, it begins with early unreported work by the Tomalia Group (i.e., The Dow Chemical Co.) revealing that all known dendrimer family types may be divided into two major symmetry categories; namely: Category I: symmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Tomalia, Vögtle, Newkome-type dendrimers) possessing interior hollowness/porosity and Category II: asymmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Denkewalter-type) possessing no interior void space. These two branch cell symmetry features were shown to be pivotal in directing internal packing modes; thereby, differentiating key dendrimer properties such as densities, refractive indices and interior porosities. Furthermore, this discovery provided an explanation for unimolecular micelle encapsulation (UME) behavior observed exclusively for Category I, but not for Category II. This account surveys early experiments confirming the inextricable influence of dendrimer branch cell symmetry on interior packing properties, first examples of Category (I) based UME behavior, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) protocols for systematic encapsulation characterization, application of these principles to the solubilization of active approved drugs, engineering dendrimer critical nanoscale design parameters (CNDPs) for optimized properties and concluding with high optimism for the anticipated role of dendrimer-based solubilization principles in emerging new life science, drug delivery and nanomedical applications.

• dendrimer branch cell symmetry
• dendrimer drug solubilization
• dendrimer symmetry categories
• drug encapsulation
• symmetrical/asymmetrical branch cells
• unimolecular micelles

• Bioactive delivery systems
• Dendrimers
• Encapsulation
• Nanocarrier
• Phytochemicals

• Cancer therapy
• Folate receptor
• Nanoparticles
• Targeted delivery

• Materials science
• Pharmaceutical chemistry
• Pharmaceutical science

• cancer theranostics
• copolymer nanoparticle
• dendrimer nanoparticle
• magnetic resonance

• Animals
• Dendrimers/chemistry
• Drug Delivery Systems/instrumentation
• Drug Delivery Systems/methods
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Nanoparticles/chemistry
• Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Polymers/chemistry
• Theranostic Nanomedicine/instrumentation
• Theranostic Nanomedicine/methods

• biomedical application
• dendrimers
• dendrons
• targeting groups

• 422928/2016-0, 309989/2015-9 CNPq
• 2015/19438-1 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

• PAMAM dendrimer
• drug delivery
• small molecules
• solubility enhancement

• Drug delivery
• EPR effect
• Nanocarrier
• Nanoparticles (NP)
• Paclitaxel
• Vitamin-E-TPGS

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a difficult to treat disease due to the absence of the three unique receptors estrogen, progesterone and herceptin-2 (HER-2). To improve the current therapy and overcome the resistance of TNBC, there is unmet need to develop an effective targeted therapy. In this regard, one of the logical and economical approaches is to develop a tumor hypoxia-targeting drug formulation platform for selective delivery of payload to the drug-resistant and invasive cell population of TNBC tumors. Toward this, we developed a Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA IX) receptor targeting human serum albumin (HSA) carriers to deliver the potent anticancer drug, Paclitaxel (PTX). We used Acetazolamide (ATZ), a small molecule ligand of CA IX to selectively deliver HSA-PTX in TNBC cells. A novel method of synthesis involving copper free ‘click’ chemistry (Dibenzocyclooctyl, DBCO) moiety with an azide-labeled reaction partner, known as Strain-Promoted Alkyne Azide Cycloaddition (SPAAC) along with a desolvation method for PTX loading were used in the present study to arrive at the CA IX selective nano-carriers, HSA-PTX-ATZ. The anticancer effect of HSA-PTX-ATZ is higher compared to HSA, PTX and non-targeted HSA-PTX in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. The cell killing effect is associated with induction of early and late phases of apoptosis. Overall, our proof-of-concept study shows a promising avenue for hypoxia-targeted drug delivery that can be adapted to several types of cancers.

• albumin nanoparticles
• carbonic anhydrase IX
• copper free ‘click’ chemistry
• human serum albumin
• paclitaxel
• triple negative breast cancer
• tumor hypoxia targeting

• CARP-1
• CFM
• RCC
• everolimus
• nano-micelles

• 3,4-difluorobenzylidene curcumin (CDF)
• WERI-RB
• Y-79
• fluorocurcumin
• folate-receptor targeting
• nanomicelles
• retinoblastoma
• targeted drug delivery

• Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
• Biocompatible Materials/chemistry
• Caspase 3/genetics
• Caspase 3/metabolism
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Curcumin/analogs & derivatives
• Curcumin/chemistry
• Dendrimers/chemistry
• Diarylheptanoids
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Ferric Compounds/chemistry
• Folic Acid/chemistry
• HeLa Cells
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• NF-kappa B/genetics
• NF-kappa B/metabolism
• Nanoparticles/chemistry
• PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
• PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
• Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/genetics
• Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism
• Polyamines/chemistry
• Theranostic Nanomedicine/methods
• Up-Regulation

• R21 CA179652 NCI NIH HHS

A novel optically active hyperbranched polymer can serve as the chiral scaffolds to promote asymmetric Michael addition reaction in an aqueous environment with a high product yield and enantioselectivity.