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Yoon SB, Jung MK, Lee YS, Park JK, Jang DK, Lee JM, Lee HS, Shin DW, Lee JC, Hwang JH. Long-term outcomes of endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary adenoma with high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis. Surg Endosc 2023; 37:3522-3530. [PMID: 36587061 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for ampullar adenoma with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or adenocarcinoma is insufficient. Here we investigated the long-term outcomes of the advanced ampullary tumors treated by EP with careful surveillance comparing to subsequent surgery after EP. METHODS Patients treated with EP for ampullary adenoma with HGD or adenocarcinoma from the multi-center retrospective Korean cohort of ampulla of Vater tumor were categorized into EP alone versus EP with subsequent surgery groups. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed for unmatched and matched cohorts using propensity score with nearest neighbor method. RESULTS During a median 43.3 months of follow-up, 5-year OS was not significantly different between the EP alone and EP surgery groups (91.9% vs. 82.3%, P = 0.443 for unmatched cohort; 89.2% vs. 82.3%, P = 0.861 for matched cohort, respectively). Furthermore, 5-year RFS was not significantly different between the two groups (82.1% vs. 86.7%, P = 0.520 for unmatched cohort; 66.1% vs. 86.7%, P = 0.052 for matched cohort, respectively). However, the patients with positive both (lateral and deep) margins showed significantly poorer survival outcomes than those with negative margins within the EP alone group (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION EP alone with careful surveillance showed comparable survival outcomes to those of EP with subsequent surgery for ampullar HGD or adenocarcinoma. Resection margin status could be a parameter to determine whether to perform subsequent radical surgery after EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Suk Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Juhwa-ro 170, Ilsan Seogu, Goyang, 10380, South Korea.
| | - Joo Kyung Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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de Jong E, Lemmers D, Benedetti Cacciaguerra A, Bouwense S, Geurts S, Tjan-Heijnen V, Valkenburg-van Iersel L, Wilmink J, Besselink M, Abu Hilal M, de Vos-Geelen J. Oncologic management of ampullary cancer: International survey among surgical and medical oncologists. Surg Oncol 2022; 44:101841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Itoi T, Ryozawa S, Katanuma A, Kawashima H, Iwasaki E, Hashimoto S, Yamamoto K, Ueki T, Igarashi Y, Inui K, Fujita N, Fujimoto K. Clinical practice guidelines for endoscopic papillectomy. Dig Endosc 2022; 34:394-411. [PMID: 35000226 DOI: 10.1111/den.14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society has developed the "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Endoscopic Papillectomy (EP)" as a fundamental guideline using scientific approach. EP is a recently spreading therapeutic modality for ampullary tumors ranked as high risk endoscopic technique. Because of the paucity of high level of evidence, strength of recommendations had to be determined by a consensus among specialists. These guidelines, shed light on the following five issues: Indications, Preoperative/intraoperative preparations and techniques, Early adverse events, Therapeutic outcomes and remnants/recurrences, and Follow-up and late adverse events, to guide current clinical practice on EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Itoi
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shomei Ryozawa
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Katanuma
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Eisuke Iwasaki
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshiharu Ueki
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Inui
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naotaka Fujita
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
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Hwang JS, So H, Oh D, Song TJ, Park DH, Seo DW, Lee SK, Kim MH, Hong SM, Yang J, Lee SS. Long-term outcomes of endoscopic papillectomy for early-stage cancer in duodenal ampullary adenoma: Comparison to surgical treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2315-2323. [PMID: 33604986 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM While recent evidences support endoscopic resection as curative in ampullary tumors with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, only small case series have reported endoscopic management of early-stage ampullary cancer; thus, radical surgery remains the only accepted treatment modality. We evaluated the long-term outcomes of early ampullary adenocarcinoma administered endoscopic management. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of 715 patients undergoing endoscopic papillectomy (EP) in a single tertiary medical center in Korea in 2004-2016. We included patients incidentally diagnosed with early-stage adenocarcinoma (Tis and T1a, American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition) after EP and with >2 years of follow-up data and analyzed their demographics, histopathologic data, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Among 70 total patients in the EP-alone (n = 42) and subsequent surgery (n = 28) groups, we observed no significant differences in demographics or tumor size (2.0 ± 0.6 vs 1.9 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.532), histologic grade (P = 0.077), tumor extent (P = 1.000), lymphovascular invasion (2.4% vs 10.7%, P = 0.344), or complete resection rates (57.1% vs 57.1%, P = 1.000) between groups. Adenocarcinoma lesions were larger in the subsequent surgery group (0.7 ± 0.5 vs 1.1 ± 0.7 cm, P = 0.002). The EP-alone group received more additional ablative treatment (42.9% vs 14.3%, P = 0.024). The 5-year disease-free and cancer-free survival rates were 79.1% vs 87.4% (P = 0.111) and 93.5% versus 87.4% (P = 0.726), respectively, and did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic papillectomy followed by endoscopic surveillance showed long-term outcomes comparable with surgical resection for early ampullary cancer and maybe curable alternative to surgery for incidentally found early-stage ampullary cancer, especially in patients unfit for or refusing radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seong Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hoonsub So
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Jun Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Hyun Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Koo Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungho Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Jung YK, Paik SS, Choi D, Lee KG. Transduodenal ampullectomy for ampullary tumor. Asian J Surg 2021; 44:723-729. [PMID: 33485767 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transduodenal ampullectiomy (TDA) is a surgical local excision method that can be performed in patients with ampullary tumors, but it has not been widely used clinically. Recently, TDA is considered as a good alternative surgical technique in patients who are unable to perform the endoscopic ampullectomy (EA) or pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for various reasons. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of TDA and the clinicopathological significance of pathologic findings in TDA. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 31 patients diagnosed as ampullary tumor and underwent TDA from March 2004 to December 2019 in a single center. RESULTS All 31 patients were planned to perform TDA, and 4 of them were converted to PPPD due to the marginal status results of frozen biopsy. Of the 31 patients, 19 were diagnosed with malignancy and 12 were diagnosed with benign. Of the 18 patients who were diagnosed as malignancy in final biopsy, only 9 patients (50%) were diagnosed with malignancy on the preoperative endoscopic biopsy. In 15 patients who underwent only TDA for malignancy, there was no recurrence during the follow-up period (mean: 51.1 months, range: 19-137). CONCLUSIONS In benign ampullary tumor, TDA is a choice of treatment for patients who are unsuitable for endoscopic ampullectomy. TDA may be considered as an alternative operation in highly selective patients with early ampullary cancer (Tis and T1). Further studies on consensus of TDA indication for ampullary tumor will be needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyung Jung
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sam Paik
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Geun Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Nappo G, Gentile D, Galvanin J, Capretti G, Ridolfi C, Petitti T, Spaggiari P, Carrara S, Gavazzi F, Repici A, Zerbi A. Trans-duodenal ampullectomy for ampullary neoplasms: early and long-term outcomes in 36 consecutive patients. Surg Endosc 2020; 34:4358-4368. [PMID: 31646438 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-07206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trans-duodenal ampullectomy (TDA) is a surgical option for the treatment of selected ampullary neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience with TDA for the treatment of ampullary neoplasms, focusing on indications, technical aspects, and short- and long-term outcomes. METHODS All TDAs for ampullary neoplasms performed between January 2010 and December 2018 at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. Patients had ampullary neoplasms with low-grade dysplasia or in situ carcinoma (Tis) not suitable for an endoscopic approach, ampullary carcinoma unfit for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), or ampullary neuroendocrine G1-tumours. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were included in the study: 9 (25.0%) with neoplasms with low-grade dysplasia, 4 (11.1%) with G1 neuroendocrine tumours and 23 (63.9%) with Tis or invasive carcinoma. Mean operative time was 252.5 min. Overall and severe (Clavien-Dindo > IIIa) morbidity rate was 44.4% and 13.9%, respectively. No 90-day mortality was observed. At follow-up, no deaths were observed and local recurrence rate was 11.1% for patients with ampullary adenomas with low-grade dysplasia. Among four patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms, only one developed recurrence (pulmonary). Tis, T1 and T2 lesions were found in 16 (69.6%), 2 (8.7%) and 5 (21.7%) patients, respectively: recurrence occurred in 3 patients with Tis lesions (one malignant), no patients with T1 neoplasms and 2 patients with T2 lesions (3 patients had a survival of > 3 years). CONCLUSIONS TDA is a feasible and effective surgical procedure for the treatment of ampullary adenomas with low-grade dysplasia when endoscopic approach is contraindicated or has failed. For lesions with evidence of malignancy, TDA seems to be an oncological safe procedure for Tis ampullary cancer and a good palliative procedure for patients unfit for PD. Moreover, TDA may be appropriate for the treatment of G1 ampullary neuroendocrine neoplasms. A large multicentre study of TDA for early ampullary cancers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Nappo
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy.
| | - Damiano Gentile
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Galvanin
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Capretti
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Ridolfi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Spaggiari
- Pathology Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Carrara
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Cancer Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gavazzi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Cancer Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zerbi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Alessandro Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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A Comprehensive Approach to the Management of Benign and Malignant Ampullary Lesions: Management in Hereditary and Sporadic Settings. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020; 22:46. [PMID: 32654103 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-020-00784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to examine the historical roots of endoscopic management of ampullary lesions and explore emerging data on improved techniques, technologies, and outcomes. Of specific interest was answering whether there exists a reasonable body of data to support one resection technique or strategy above others. RECENT FINDINGS Review of recent literature suggests the continued use of endoscopic ampullectomy is a safe and effective means of curative treatment of ampullary adenomas. Complications are relatively infrequent and complete endoscopic resection is possible in a majority of cases, with proper patient and lesion selection. Greater than 2 decades of experience with endoscopic ampullectomy have shown this to be a viable, well-tolerated, and highly effective means of treating ampullary adenomas. While few concrete guidelines exist to advise endoscopists on the ideal technique for resection, experience, patient selection, and prior planning can greatly influence the technical and clinical success of endoscopic ampullectomy.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) has been established as a useful endoscopic therapy by the efforts of many pancreatobiliary endoscopists and is presently accepted as a reliable alternative therapy to surgery in patients with ampullary adenoma. Moreover, there have been numerous advancements in EP techniques in recent years. Various approaches and attempts toward expanding the indications of endoscopic resection have been reported. Furthermore, the management and prevention of adverse events (AEs) and endoscopic treatment for remnant or recurrent lesions have also been reported. In the present review, we focus on recent advancements in the EP technique, as well as speculate on the future issues of EP. AREA COVERED This review of EP encompasses the indications, preoperative assessments, endoscopic techniques, outcomes, and AEs of EP, post-EP surveillance techniques, and treatments for remnant or recurrence lesions. EXPERT OPINION The ultimate goal of EP is the complete resection of ampullary tumors, regardless of whether they are adenomatous or carcinomatous lesions, without causing any AEs. Therefore, the most important issue is preoperative evaluation, that is, the accurate diagnosis of lesions contraindicated for EP. In addition, further research on the prevention of AEs is also necessary towards establishing EP as a safe endoscopic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Iwasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo, Japan
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Diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of ampullary dysplasia by DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:1291-1302. [PMID: 30976103 PMCID: PMC8549479 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The limited accuracy of endoscopic biopsy in detecting high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma within ampullary adenoma or dysplasia has been reported. The natural history of ampullary dysplasia is also unclear, and there are no established guidelines to determine which patients with ampullary dysplasia require resection versus surveillance endoscopy. DNA flow cytometry was performed on 47 ampullary biopsies with low-grade dysplasia, 18 high-grade dysplasia, and 23 negative for dysplasia, as well as 11 cases of ampullary adenocarcinoma. Abnormal DNA content (aneuploidy or elevated 4N fraction > 6%) was identified in 9 (82%) of adenocarcinoma, 13 (72%) of high-grade dysplasia, 7 (15%) of low-grade dysplasia, and none (0%) of non-dysplastic mucosa. One-, 2-, and 7-year detection rates of high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in low-grade dysplasia patients with abnormal DNA content were 57%, 86%, and 88%, respectively, whereas low-grade dysplasia patients in the setting of normal DNA content had 1-, 2-, and 7-year detection rates of 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively. The univariate and multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) for subsequent detection of high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in low-grade dysplasia patients with DNA content abnormality were 16.8 (p = <0.01) and 9.8 (p = <0.01), respectively. Among the 13 high-grade dysplasia patients with DNA content abnormality, 5 patients (38%) were subsequently found to have adenocarcinoma within a mean follow-up time of 3 months, whereas only 1 (20%) of the remaining 5 patients in the setting of normal DNA content developed adenocarcinoma in a month (HR = 2.6, p = 0.39). The overall 1- and 2-year detection rates of adenocarcinoma in all high-grade dysplasia patients (regardless of flow cytometric results) were 34% (95% confidence interval = 16-63%) and 47% (95% confidence interval = 23-79%), respectively. In conclusion, the majority of low-grade dysplasia patients (86%) in the setting of abnormal DNA content developed high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma within 2 years and thus may benefit from resection, whereas those with normal DNA content may be followed with surveillance endoscopy. The presence of DNA content abnormality can also confirm a morphologic suspicion of high-grade dysplasia, which should be managed with resection, as nearly 50% of the high-grade dysplasia patients were found to have adenocarcinoma within 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennis Kandler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Horst Neuhaus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Attila T, Parlak E, Alper E, Dişibeyaz S, Çiçek B, Ödemiş B. Endoscopic papillectomy of benign ampullary lesions: Outcomes from a multicenter study. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2018; 29:325-334. [PMID: 29755017 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2018.17378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) has emerged as an alternative to surgery in the management of ampullary lesions. The aim of this study is to evaluate feasibility, efficacy, safety, outcome, and impact of EP in the management of benign ampullary lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a multicenter, retrospective study of 44 patients who had EP of benign ampullary lesions. RESULTS Over the 11-year period, 44 (55.7%) of 79 patients underwent EP for benign ampullary lesions. Complete resection was achieved in 40 patients (91%). An underlying adenocarcinoma was the only risk factor for incomplete resection. Twenty-eight lesions (63.6%) were resected en-bloc and 16 lesions (36.4%) were resected in piecemeal fashion. Post-papillectomy histopathologic diagnoses were tubular adenoma in 14 patients (32%), invasive adenocarcinoma in 9 patients (20.5%), tubullovillous adenoma in 7 patients (16%), tubullovillous adenoma with carcinoma limited to the mucosal layer in 5 patients (11.3%), adenoma with high-grade dysplasia in 4 patients (9%), neuroendocrine tumor in 1 patient (2.3%), ganglioneuroma in 1 patient (2.3%), hamartomatous polyp in 1 patient (2.3%), adenofibroma in 1 patients (2.3%), and Brunner gland hyperplasia in 1 patient (2.3%). Seven (15.9%) procedure-related complications occurred: 3 (6.8%) bleeding, 2 (4.5%) pancreatitis, 1 (2.3%) abdominal pain, and 1 (2.3%) stent migration to the pancreatic duct. Seven patients (17%) had recurrence. CONCLUSION Endoscopic papillectomy is a safe and effective method and can be considered as a first-line approach in patients with benign ampullary lesions with intent for cure. It also allows for correct histological diagnosis and staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Attila
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Parlak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sakarya University School of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ankara High Speciality Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrah Alper
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Dişibeyaz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ankara High Speciality Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Çiçek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Acıbadem University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bülent Ödemiş
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ankara High Speciality Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Kim AL, Choi YI. Safety of duodenal ampullectomy for benign periampullary tumors. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2017; 21:146-150. [PMID: 28990001 PMCID: PMC5620475 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2017.21.3.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims Surgical resection, such as pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), is used for treatment of benign periampullary tumors, but high morbidity and mortality resulting from PD can be a huddle. The aim of this study is to suggest a safe and less invasive procedure for treatment of benign periampullary tumors. Methods From January 2001 to September 2016, 31 patients with ampulla of Vater (AOV) tumors were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who were confirmed with malignancy through biopsy were excluded, except for one patient with malignancy and multiple underlying diseases. To investigate the safety and availability of transduodenal ampullectomy (TDA), TDA and endoscopic papillectomy (EP) were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the occurrence of complications between the TDA group and EP group (p=0.145), and the resection margins were negative in both groups. There was no recurrence in patients who had TDA, while one patient had a recurrence after EP. Conclusions This study suggests that TDA is as safe as EP for treating benign periampullary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Lyle Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Il Choi
- Department of Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Ma MX, Bourke MJ. Management of duodenal polyps. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2017; 31:389-399. [PMID: 28842048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Duodenal adenomas are the most common type of polyp arising from the duodenum. These adenomas can occur within and outside of genetic syndromes, and are broadly classified as non-ampullary or ampullary depending on their location. All adenomas have malignant potential and are therefore appropriately treated by endoscopic resection. However, the unique anatomical properties of the duodenum, namely its relatively thin and vascular walls, narrow luminal diameter and relationship to the ampulla and its associated pancreatic and biliary drainage, pose an increased degree of complexity for any endoscopic interventions in this area. This review will discuss the epidemiology of duodenal adenomas, their endoscopic detection and diagnosis, and techniques for safe and effective endoscopic resection of ampullary and non-ampullary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael X Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael J Bourke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Junrungsee S, Kittivarakul E, Ko-iam W, Lapisatepun W, Sandhu T, Chotirosniramit A. Prognostic Factors and Survival of Patients with Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater after Pancreaticoduodenectomy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:225-229. [PMID: 28240523 PMCID: PMC5563104 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.1.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (CAV) is a rare tumor, accounting for just 0.2% of
gastrointestinal cancers, the survival of CAV patients is unfavorable. The five-year rates have ranged from 36.8-75.2% in
previous reports but there is a lack of data relating to Thai people. Also prognostic factors are controversial. Objectives:
This study aimed to determine survival outcomes and to identify prognostic factors for a positive outcome for CAV
patients after surgery. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected from CAV patients who underwent
surgery in Chiang Mai University Hospital from 2005 to 2012 for time to event analysis, the log rank test and univariate
and multivariate Cox’s regression analysis. Results: There were 72 CAV patients recruited, 45.8% being male. The mean
age was 65.1 ± 10.5 years and the median waiting time for surgery was 56.5 days (24.5-91.5). The 30 day mortality
rate was 5.6%., while 5-yr survival was 33.3%. The average disease free survival was 14.6 months. Prognostic factors
relating to recurrence were positive lymph nodes (50% VS 19.6% p = 0.015) and advanced stage (44.1% VS 18.4%
p = 0.023). Multivariate analysis showed that the potential prognostic factors for CAV patients included recurrence,
moderate and poor differentiation, comorbidities and a tumor size > 2.0 cm. Conclusions: The findings of the study
indicate that the overall survival of CAV patients after surgery is quite fair, with a tendency for better outcome with
early as compared to advanced lesions. The key prognostic factors were recurrence, moderate and poor differentiation,
comorbidity and tumor size > 2.0 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhawit Junrungsee
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,
Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Private Hospital Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France,Department of Gastroenterology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Bertrand Napoleon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Private Hospital Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France,Corresponding author Bertrand Napoleon Ramsay Générale de Santé, Private Hospital Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France55 Avenue MermozLyon 69008France
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16
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Alvarez-Sanchez MV, Oria I, Luna OB, Pialat J, Gincul R, Lefort C, Bourdariat R, Fumex F, Lepilliez V, Scoazec JY, Salgado-Barreira A, Lemaistre AI, Napoléon B. Can endoscopic papillectomy be curative for early ampullary adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater? Surg Endosc 2016; 31:1564-1572. [PMID: 27530895 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-016-5141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic role of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for early ampullary cancer (AC) is still controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the curative potential of EP for early AC and to identify predictors of lymph node metastases (LNMs). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 173 patients who were prospectively included in a database and who underwent EP between 1999 and 2013. Adenocarcinoma was present in 28 resected specimens. An additional surgery was proposed in cases of duodenal submucosal infiltration, duct ingrowth, R1 resection or lymphovascular invasion. Clinicopathological information and outcomes were collected, and predictors of LNMs were evaluated. RESULTS Duodenal submucosal invasion was present in 16/28 cases and LNMs, in 9/28 cases. ACs of the biliopancreatic subtype were smaller (NS); 100 % had submucosal invasion, and 71 % had LNMs. Smaller tumour size, biliopancreatic subtype and submucosal invasion were significantly correlated with LNMs (p < 0.028, p < 0.028 and p < 0.014). Predictive factors of LNMs in the multivariate analysis were submucosal invasion and tumour size (OR 0.032, p < 0.023 and OR 0.711, p < 0.035). EP was curative in 100 % of cancers with R0 resection and no evidence of submucosal or lymphovascular invasion. CONCLUSION EP may be curative for patients with AC limited to the duodenal mucosa or the sphincter of Oddi without lymphovascular invasion. Due to the presence of more invasive stages at diagnosis, EP may not be curative for ACs of the biliopancreatic subtype. The significance of tumour size is limited by other confounders, such as the histological subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Victoria Alvarez-Sanchez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Complejo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Inés Oria
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Olivia B Luna
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
- Clinica Echoendo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jean Pialat
- Office of Pathology, 41, Allée des Cyprès, Limonest, France
| | - Rodica Gincul
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lefort
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Raphael Bourdariat
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Fumex
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Lepilliez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Yves Scoazec
- Department of Pathology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Bertrand Napoléon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, 55 avenue Jean Mermoz, 69008, Lyon, France.
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17
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Rejeski JJ, Kundu S, Hauser M, Conway JD, Evans JA, Pawa R, Mishra G. Characteristic endoscopic ultrasound findings of ampullary lesions that predict the need for surgical excision or endoscopic ampullectomy. Endosc Ultrasound 2016; 5:184-8. [PMID: 27386476 PMCID: PMC4918302 DOI: 10.4103/2303-9027.183978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The management of ampullary lesions has evolved to include endoscopic ampullectomy (EA) as a curative approach to cancers of the ampulla of Vater. With this change comes a need to risk-stratify patients at initial diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Patients with verified ampullary lesions (N = 50) were analyzed in a case-control design. We evaluated endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) data to define characteristics that yield a high sensitivity in selecting candidates for EA. Results: Using data from previously published studies yielded a sensitivity of 0.765 in appropriately identifying the 34 surgical cases. Expanding these characteristics increased the sensitivity of EUS to 0.971 in identifying surgical candidates. Additionally, of advanced disease cases, the expanded characteristics correctly identified these cases with a sensitivity of 1.0-improved over 0.708 using prior published data. Conclusion: EA should be strongly considered if ampullary lesions are found to fit the following characteristics after EUS evaluation: lesion size <2.5 cm, invasion ≤4 mm, pancreatic duct dilatation ≤3 mm, ≤T1 lesion, no lymph nodes present, and no ductal stent in place. Furthermore, EUS data can be used to identify all high-risk lesions. With these characteristics identified, clinicians are better able to risk-stratify patients using EUS as either appropriate for or too high-risk for endoscopic resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared J Rejeski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarba Kundu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hugh Chatham Memorial Hospital, Elkin, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Hauser
- Information Systems, Surgical Services, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason D Conway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gastroenterology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gastroenterology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rishi Pawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gastroenterology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Girish Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gastroenterology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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18
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Klein A, Tutticci N, Bourke MJ. Endoscopic resection of advanced and laterally spreading duodenal papillary tumors. Dig Endosc 2016; 28:121-30. [PMID: 26573214 DOI: 10.1111/den.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Historically, neoplasia of the duodenal papilla has been managed surgically, which may be associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. In the absence of invasive cancer, even lesions with extensive lateral duodenal wall involvement, or limited intraductal extension may be cured endoscopically with a superior safety profile. Endoscopic papillectomy is associated with greater risks of adverse events such as bleeding than resection elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally site-specific complications such as pancreatitis exist. A structured approach to lesion assessment, adherence to technical aspects of resection, endoscopic management of complications and post-resection surveillance is required. Advances have been made in all facets of endoscopic papillary resection since its introduction in the 1980s; extending the boundaries of endoscopic cure, optimizing outcomes and enhancing patient safety. These will be the focus of the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Klein
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Westmead Hospital
| | | | - Michael J Bourke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Westmead Hospital.,University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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19
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The role of endoscopy in ampullary and duodenal adenomas. Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 82:773-81. [PMID: 26260385 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Espinel J, Pinedo E, Ojeda V, Rio MGD. Endoscopic management of adenomatous ampullary lesions. World J Methodol 2015; 5:127-135. [PMID: 26413485 PMCID: PMC4572025 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i3.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lesions of the ampulla of Vater represent an uncommon group of gastrointestinal malignancies. The majority of lesions of the ampulla of Vater are either adenomas or adenocarcinomas. Ampullary lesions are often incidental findings. Accurate preoperative diagnosis and staging of ampullary tumors is imperative for predicting prognosis and determining the most appropriate therapeutic approach. Endoscopic ampullectomy is a safe and efficacious therapeutic procedure that can obviate the need for potentially major surgical intervention. This review will provide the framework for the diagnosis and management of ampullary lesions from the perspective of the practicing gastroenterologist. Strategies for safe and successful endoscopic ampullectomy with a focus on accurate preoperative diagnosis and staging, resection technique, and management of complications are presented.
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21
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Ahmad SR, Adler DG. Cancer of the ampulla of vater: current evaluation and therapy. Hosp Pract (1995) 2015; 42:45-61. [PMID: 25485917 DOI: 10.3810/hp.2014.12.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ampullary cancer is a relatively rare cancer of the digestive tract. In contrast to pancreatic cancer, ampullary cancer is often curable if detected at an early stage. The evaluation and management of ampullary cancer is similar to, but distinct from, that of other pancreaticobiliary tumors. This manuscript will review the current evaluation, diagnosis, and therapy of patients with ampullary cancer. The diagnosis of ampullary cancer is complicated by its similar clinical presentation to pancreatic cancer as well as its nonspecific laboratory findings. Diagnostic modalities such as ERCP, EUS, and biopsy are necessary for differentiating the 2 cancers, and noninvasive imaging techniques such as MRI and CT may be used for tumor staging. Although pancreaticoduodenectomy is considered the primary curative surgical option, consensus guidelines regarding adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapies are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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22
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Moon JH, Choi HJ, Lee YN. Current status of endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary tumors. Gut Liver 2014; 8:598-604. [PMID: 25368746 PMCID: PMC4215444 DOI: 10.5009/gnl14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of tumors of the ampulla of Vater, including ampullary adenoma, has been improved by routine screening endoscopic procedures and imaging modalities. Endoscopic resection by endoscopic papillectomy is rapidly replacing classic surgical resection and is a less invasive procedure. Endoscopic resection can have a role not only in the final histopathologic diagnosis but also as a definite therapeutic option. However, the indications for endoscopic resection are not fully established, and endoscopic procedures are not standardized. Significant complications, including severe pancreatitis, intractable bleeding and duodenal perforation, are rare but can occur, especially in less experienced hands. Severe pancreatitis is the most feared complication, but it can be prevented by pancreatic duct stent insertion in most cases. However, in some cases, pancreatic stenting can be challenging after resection. Incomplete resections are sometimes performed to avoid complications. Endoscopic surveillance is also important for identifying and managing remnant adenomatous tissue or recurrent lesions. Further technical development is needed to expand the indications for this procedure, minimize complications and ensure a high success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Moon
- Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University Bucheon Hospital, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jong Choi
- Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University Bucheon Hospital, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yun Nah Lee
- Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University Bucheon Hospital, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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23
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Rostain F, Hamza S, Drouillard A, Faivre J, Bouvier AM, Lepage C. Trends in incidence and management of cancer of the ampulla of Vater. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10144-10150. [PMID: 25110442 PMCID: PMC4123344 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.10144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To provide trends in incidence, management and survival of cancer of the ampulla of Vater in a well-defined French population.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the population-based digestive cancer registry of Burgundy over a 34-year period. Age-standardized incidence rates were computed using the world standard population. Average annual variations in incidence rates were estimated using a poisson regression. A univariate and multivariate relative survival analysis was performed.
RESULTS: Age-standardized incidence rates were 0.46 and 0.30 per 100000 inhabitants for men and women, respectively. Incidence rate increased from 0.26 (1976-1984) to 0.58 (2003-2009) for men and remained stable for women. Resection for cure was performed in 48.3% of cases. This proportion was stable over the study period. Among cases with curative resection, pancreatico-duodenectomy was performed in 94.0% of cases and ampullectomy in 6.0% of cases. A total of 50.8% of cancers of the ampulla of Vater were diagnosed at an advanced stage. Their proportion remained stable throughout the study period. The overall 1- and 5-year relative survival rates were 60.2% and 27.7%, respectively. Relative survival did not vary over time. Treatment and stage at diagnosis were the most important determinants of survival. The 5-year relative survival rate was 41.5% after resection for cure, 9.5% after palliative surgery and 6.7% after symptomatic treatment. In multivariate analysis, only stage at diagnosis significantly influenced the risk of death.
CONCLUSION: Cancer of the ampulla of Vater is still uncommon, but its incidence increased for men in Burgundy. Diagnosis is often made at an advanced stage, dramatically worsening the prognosis.
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Ogura T, Hara K, Hijioka S, Mizuno N, Imaoka H, Niwa Y, Tajika M, Kondo S, Tanaka T, Shimizu Y, Hosoda W, Yatabe Y, Bhatia V, Higuchi K, Yamao K. Can endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration offer clinical benefit for tumors of the ampulla of vater? -an initial study. Endosc Ultrasound 2014; 1:84-9. [PMID: 24949343 PMCID: PMC4062218 DOI: 10.7178/eus.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: No previous studies have described endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) only for intra-ampullary lesions of the papilla of Vater. We aimed to examine whether EUS-FNA can be used to diagnose such lesions. Methods: This study included a subset of 10 consecutive patients in whom EUS-FNA targeted the ampulla of Vater. All the patients underwent biopsy and/or brushing cytology under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) prior to EUS-FNA. The final diagnosis was based on pathological examinations of specimens obtained by surgical resection or clinical follow-up more than 1 year in case of evidence of benign lesions. Results: Tissues from the ampulla of Vater could be obtained by EUS-FNA for all 10 patients. The final diagnosis was papillitis (n = 7) and intra-ampullary carcinoma (n = 3). Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater showed neither exposure on the duodenal mucosal surface nor invasion to the pancreas. The diagnostic accuracy of surface biopsy with duodenoscopy, and intra-ampullary biopsy and/or brush cytology with ERCP and/or intra-ampullary biopsy after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) in distinguishing between benign and malignancy was 70%. The diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA was 100%. No complications associated with EUS-FNA were encountered in this study. Conclusion: EUS-FNA for ampulla of Vater may be safely and accurately performed, and should be considered as a diagnostic modality before EST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan ; 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Susumu Hijioka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Mizuno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Niwa
- Department of Endoscopy, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tajika
- Department of Endoscopy, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Kondo
- Department of Endoscopy, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tanaka
- Department of Endoscopy, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Vikram Bhatia
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), Delhi, India
| | - Kazuhide Higuchi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Askew J, Connor S. Review of the investigation and surgical management of resectable ampullary adenocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2013; 15:829-38. [PMID: 23458317 PMCID: PMC4503279 DOI: 10.1111/hpb.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ampullary adenocarcinoma is considered to have a better prognosis than either pancreatic or bile duct adenocarcinoma. Pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Some recent publications have advocated the use of endoscopic papillectomy for the treatment of early ampullary adenocarcinoma. This article reviews investigations and surgical treatment options of ampullary tumours. METHODS A systematic review of English-language articles was carried out using an electronic search of the Ovid MEDLINE (from 1996 onwards), PubMed and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases to identify studies related to the investigation and management of ampullary tumours. RESULTS Distinguishing between ampullary adenoma and adenocarcinoma is challenging given the inaccuracy of endoscopic biopsy, for which high false negative rates of 25-50% have been reported. Endoscopic ultrasound is the most accurate method for local staging of ampullary lesions, but distinguishing between T1 and T2 adenocarcinomas is difficult. Lymph node metastasis occurs early in the disease process; it is lowest for T1 tumours, but the risk is still high at 8-45%. Case reports of successful endoscopic resection and transduodenal ampullectomy of T1 adenocarcinomas have been published, but their duration of follow-up is limited. CONCLUSIONS Optimal staging should be used to distinguish between ampullary adenoma and adenocarcinoma. Pancreaticoduodenectomy remains the treatment of choice for all ampullary adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Askew
- Department of Surgery, Christchurch HospitalChristchurch, New Zealand
| | - Saxon Connor
- Department of Surgery, Christchurch HospitalChristchurch, New Zealand
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Zhou J, Zhang Q, Li P, Shan Y, Zhao D, Cai J. Prognostic factors of carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater after surgery. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1143-8. [PMID: 24026886 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors of carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (CAV) after surgery. The clinicopathological factors related to the recurrence and prognosis of 162 CAV patients after surgical resection were retrospectively analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.32 % and the 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival of the 162 subjects were 55.1 and 51.7 %, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that an advanced T stage (P = 0.002), lymph nodal metastasis (P = 0.002), poor differentiation (P = 0.006), tumor size (P = 0.033), tumor stage (P = 0.001), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 199 serum levels (P = 0.000), pancreatic invasion (P = 0.001), chemotherapy/radiation therapy (P = 0.006), and jaundice (P = 0.012) were factors that significantly affected the prognosis of CAV. Multivariate analysis showed that the pancreatic invasion (P = 0.009), lymph nodal metastasis (P = 0.009), and increased CA199 serum level (P = 0.001) were independent risk factors of recurrence. The pancreatic invasion, lymph nodal metastasis, and increased CA199 serum level are key prognostic factors of CAV after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17, South Panjiayuan Rd, Beijing, 100021, China
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Laleman W, Verreth A, Topal B, Aerts R, Komuta M, Roskams T, Van der Merwe S, Cassiman D, Nevens F, Verslype C, Van Steenbergen W. Endoscopic resection of ampullary lesions: a single-center 8-year retrospective cohort study of 91 patients with long-term follow-up. Surg Endosc 2013; 27:3865-76. [PMID: 23708714 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-013-2996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic ampullectomy is established as a valuable treatment for adenomas of the Vaterian papilla. Few large series are available, however, let alone any with long-term follow-up. Moreover, multiple tangible issues remain. The aim of our study was to evaluate efficacy, safety, and outcome of endoscopic ampullectomy and compare it to existing literature METHODS This is a single-center, retrospective study with a minimal follow-up of 3 years including 91 patients, including familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and non-FAP, who had an endoscopic ampullectomy between 2000 and 2008. Outcome parameters included ampulloma characteristics, biotical accuracy as well as safety, efficacy, recurrence rate, and survival after endoscopic ampullectomy. RESULTS Endoscopic resection was successful in 71 patients (78%). Histological review of the resected specimens revealed nonspecific changes (13.8%), low or medium grade dysplasia (52.9%), high grade dysplasia (21.8%) and carcinoma (18.3%). Bioptic accuracy was 38.3%. Overall complications were observed in 23 patients (25.2%): pancreatitis (15.4%), hemorrhage (12.1%) and cholangitis (4.9%). Recurrence occurred in 18.3%. Fourteen patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Survival after complete endoscopic ampullectomy was excellent for patients with low to moderate grade dysplasia and high grade dysplasia. Incomplete endoscopic resection of high grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma was associated with unfavorable outcome when treated merely endoscopically. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic ampullectomy is obligatory for assessment of the true histological nature of an ampulloma. Endoscopic resection is a safe and efficient procedure for adenomas with low to moderate dysplasia but also for high grade dysplastic lesions, provided that a complete endoscopic resection is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Laleman
- Department of Liver and Biliopancreatic Disorders, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium,
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Proposed indications for limited resection of early ampulla of Vater carcinoma: clinico-histopathological criteria to confirm cure. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2013; 19:707-16. [PMID: 22203456 PMCID: PMC3501187 DOI: 10.1007/s00534-011-0492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited resection is reserved for patients with high operative risk or benign adenomas. We aimed to define indications for limited resection of early ampulla of Vater carcinoma with curative intent through detailed preoperative examinations and histopathological evaluations. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive Japanese patients who underwent resection for ampulla of Vater neoplasms at our hospital from 1986 to 2010. RESULTS A total of 75 patients were identified. Moderately/poorly differentiated histology, lympho-vascular/perineural invasion, and duodenal/pancreatic invasion were significant risk factors for lymph node metastases. Macroscopically, non-exposed protruded- or ulcerative-type disease did not correlate directly with lymph node metastases; however, these tumor types were associated with other invasive features. In a subset of early carcinomas fulfilling the conditions of exposed protruded adenoma or papillary/well-differentiated adenocarcinoma determined by endoscopic biopsy, negative duodenal invasion determined by endoscopic ultrasonography, no tumor infiltration into the pancreatic duct determined by intraductal ultrasound, and diameter of the pancreatic duct ≤3 mm determined by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (N = 11), the incidence of lymph node metastasis and tumor infiltration into the pancreatic duct was 0%. CONCLUSION Strictly selected patients with early ampulla of Vater carcinomas may benefit from limited resection if the resected specimen is evaluated to confirm all histopathological criteria.
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Kim HK, Lo SK. Endoscopic approach to the patient with benign or malignant ampullary lesions. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2013; 23:347-83. [PMID: 23540965 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adenoma and adenocarcinoma are the most common ampullary lesions. Advances in diagnostic modalities including endoscopic ultrasonography and intraductal ultrasonography have provided useful information that aids in diagnosing and managing ampullary lesions. Endoscopic papillectomy can be a curative therapy for localized ampullary adenoma and have a role in the diagnosis of indeterminate ampullary lesions that may contain a hidden malignancy. However, the consensus on how and when to use endoscopic papillectomy has not been fully established. This article reviews the approach to the patient with benign or malignant ampullary lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Keun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Guemo-dong, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
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Ahn DW, Ryu JK, Kim J, Yoon WJ, Lee SH, Kim YT, Yoon YB. Endoscopic papillectomy for benign ampullary neoplasms: how can treatment outcome be predicted? Gut Liver 2013; 7:239-45. [PMID: 23560162 PMCID: PMC3607780 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2013.7.2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic papillectomy is increasingly performed with curative intent for benign papillary tumors. This study was performed to identify factors that predict the presence of malignancy and affect endoscopic success. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who received an endoscopic papillectomy for papillary adenoma from 2006 to 2009. RESULTS A total of 43 patients received endoscopic papillectomy. The pathologic results after papillectomy revealed adenocarcinoma in five patients (12%), and the risk of malignancy was high in cases of large lesions, preprocedural pathology of high-grade dysplasia or high serum alkaline phosphatase. Endoscopic success was observed in 37 patients (86%) at the end of follow-up (mean duration, 10.4±9.6 months). The factor significantly affecting success was a complete resection at the initial papillectomy (p=0.007). Two patients experienced recurrence 10 and 32 months after the complete resection, but both achieved endoscopic success with repeated endoscopic treatment. Six patients with endoscopic failure received surgical resection. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic papillectomy is a safe and effective method for the curative resection of benign papillary tumors, especially when complete resection is achieved at the initial papillectomy. Follow-up with surveillance should be performed for at least 3 years because of the possible recurrence of tumors during these periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Won Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhao XQ, Huang XQ, Zhang WZ, Liu Z. Comparison between two types of local resection in the treatment of ampullary cancer. ANZ J Surg 2013; 84:255-9. [PMID: 23347402 DOI: 10.1111/ans.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to compare the effects of two different local resection procedures on the prognosis of ampullary cancer. METHODS We carried out a retrospective study using clinical and pathological data from patients with ampullary cancer who underwent local resection between February 1996 and February 2009 in the PLA General Hospital. In these participants, we carried out a comparative analysis between the transduodenal (the transduodenal group) and the extraduodenal (extraduodenal group) surgical approaches. RESULTS No significant differences in gender, age, preoperative bilirubin levels, CA19-9 values, biopsy results, tumour size, differentiation status, degree of invasion, surgical margins, recurrence, metastasis and complication rates, and intraoperative blood loss were found. As compared to the transduodenal group, the extraduodenal group showed a longer duration of surgery and higher survival rates. CONCLUSIONS Even though the operation time for the extraduodenal resection of ampullary cancer was longer, the survival rate was higher than in patients who underwent transduodenal resection. For certain patients, the extraduodenal approach may be more appropriate when technical conditions allow it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qian Zhao
- Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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32
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Heinzow HS, Meister T, Domagk D. Endoskopische Papillenresektion: Indikation und Grenzen. Visc Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1159/000345869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Hintergrund: </i></b>Adenome der Papilla Vateri sind selten. Prävalenzen von 0,04–0,12% werden beschrieben. Eine maligne Transformation von benignen Adenomen zu Papillenkarzinomen ist möglich und folgt der Adenom-Karzinom-Sequenz. Die meisten Papillenadenome treten sporadisch auf, können jedoch z.B. bei Patienten mit familiärer adenomatöser Polyposis genetisch häufiger vorkommen. <b><i>Methode: </i></b>Es erfolgte eine aktuelle PubMed-Recherche zum Thema endoskopische Papillenresektion. <b><i>Ergebnisse/Schlussfolgerung: </i></b>Eine endoskopische Papillektomie kann bei Adenomen ohne duktale Infiltration durchgeführt werden, während es in Hinblick auf das papilläre Adenokarzinom noch keinen Konsens gibt. Jedoch konnten neuere Studien zeigen, dass Patienten mit hochgradiger intraepithelialer Neoplasie der Papilla Vateri keine lymphovaskuläre Invasion oder Lymphknotenmetastasen aufweisen, sodass eine endoskopische Papillektomie gerechtfertigt erscheint. Da papilläre Adenome in bis zu 30% der Fälle das Risiko für fokale karzinomatöse Areale beherbergen können, sollte jede Papillektomie «en bloc» durchgeführt werden.
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Salmi S, Ezzedine S, Vitton V, Ménard C, Gonzales JM, Desjeux A, Grimaud JC, Barthet M. Can papillary carcinomas be treated by endoscopic ampullectomy? Surg Endosc 2011; 26:920-5. [PMID: 22011948 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-011-1968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of endoscopic ampullectomy versus surgical ampullectomy remains a topic of debate, particularly for the treatment of malignant tumors. The goal of this study was to prospectively establish the outcomes of endoscopic ampullectomy, with focus on carcinoma. METHODS From February 2002 to December 2008, 61 patients underwent endoscopic ampullectomy. The ampulloma was discovered fortuitously in the majority of cases (43 patients, 70%). All patients had had an echoendoscopy revealing a T1N0 lesion without invasion of the orifice. RESULTS Forty-three patients (70%) underwent a monobloc resection. Histological analysis revealed a low-grade dysplastic adenoma in 21 patients (35%), a high-grade dysplastic adenoma in 11 patients (18%), no dysplasia in 16 patients (26%), an adenocarcinoma in 10 patients (16%), and a well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma in 3 patients (5%). Among the ten patients with adenocarcinoma, four with adenocarcinoma of poor prognosis were treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with R0 resection, of whom one patient had no more lesion. Two intramucosal adenocarcinomas were cured by endoscopic ampullectomy without any recurrence. Four patients received palliative care after endoscopic ampullectomy due to cephalic pancreatico-duodenectomy contraindication. For the three patients with well-differentiated endocrine carcinomas, one was treated by PD with R0 resection and two were treated solely by endoscopic ampullectomy, without recurrence. Eleven patients (18%) presented with complications. The complication rate was 30.5% for carcinomas versus 14.5% for benign tumors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Endoscopic ampullectomy allows for the oncologic resection of well-differentiated intramucosal carcinomas with negative margins. The risk of complications is greater for papillary carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïda Salmi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, North Hospital, Marseille, France
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Kim J, Choi SH, Choi DW, Heo JS, Jang KT. Role of transduodenal ampullectomy for tumors of the ampulla of Vater. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SURGICAL SOCIETY 2011; 81:250-6. [PMID: 22111080 PMCID: PMC3219850 DOI: 10.4174/jkss.2011.81.4.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumors arising from the ampulla of Vater can be benign or malignant. Recently, endoscopic papillectomy has been employed in the management of benign ampulla of Vater tumors; however, surgical resection is the treatment of choice. The aim of this study was to define indications and suggest a role for transduodenal ampullectomy in the management of ampulla of Vater tumors. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 54 patients treated for ampulla of Vater tumors between January 1999 and December 2008. RESULTS Twenty-two endoscopic papillectomies and 21 transduodenal ampullectomies were performed. Four patients underwent transduodenal ampullectomy after endoscopic papillectomy due to a recurrent or remnant tumor. Recurrence or a remnant tumor was found in one patient after transduodenal ampullectomy compared to six patients after endoscopic papillectomy. Immediate intraoperative conversion from transduodenal ampullectomy to pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in five patients based on intraoperative frozen biopsy analysis. CONCLUSION Transduodenal ampullectomy should be performed to treat ampulla of Vater tumors that are unsuitable for endoscopic papillectomy. Transduodenal ampullectomy can serve as an intermediate treatment option between endoscopic papillectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy in the management of ampulla of Vater tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Ho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Heo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Taek Jang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hornick JR, Johnston FM, Simon PO, Younkin M, Chamberlin M, Mitchem JB, Azar RR, Linehan DC, Strasberg SM, Edmundowicz SA, Hawkins WG. A single-institution review of 157 patients presenting with benign and malignant tumors of the ampulla of Vater: management and outcomes. Surgery 2011; 150:169-76. [PMID: 21801957 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although benign ampullary tumors are removed endoscopically, due to their potential to progress to malignant disease, the favored treatment for adenocarcinoma is pancreaticoduodenectomy. We reviewed our institution's experience in order to identify which patients were at highest risk of disease progression following surgical resection, as well as evaluate whether localized T1 tumors are best treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 157 patients who presented with an ampullary mass, from 2001 to 2010, and identified 51 with benign adenoma and 106 with adenocarcinoma. RESULTS Patients with malignant tumors most often presented with larger tumors and jaundice, which alone was predictive of survival (OR = 67). Forty-five percent of patients with pathologically confirmed T1 tumors had positive lymph nodes and median survival was modest at 60 months. Lymph node involvement was predictive of recurrence and decreased survival. CONCLUSION Patients with malignant tumors often present with jaundice and larger tumors. These findings should warrant suspicion for cancer and expedited preoperative workup. Based on our finding that nearly half the patients with T1 tumors had positive lymph nodes, we recommend pancreaticoduodenectomy for any patient with biopsy proven adenocarcinoma who is a suitable candidate for surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Hornick
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Lauwers GY, Badizadegan K. New Endoscopic Techniques: Challenges and Opportunities for Surgical Pathologists. Surg Pathol Clin 2010; 3:411-28. [PMID: 26839138 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, significant clinical and technological advances have been made in endoscopic methods for diagnosis and treatment of early gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, essential information related to these novel techniques and their implications for practicing surgical pathologists have largely been missing in the general pathology literature. This article provides a general introduction to these novel therapeutic and diagnostic methods, and discusses their indications, contraindications, and potential limitations. The article aims to enable surgical pathologists to interact more efficiently with basic scientists and clinical colleagues to help implement and improve the existing clinical methods and to advance the new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Y Lauwers
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, 55 Fruit Street, WRN 219, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Kamran Badizadegan
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, 55 Fruit Street, WRN 219, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This manuscript reviews the recent literature on ampullary cancer, including new staging definitions, histological characteristics and treatment options. RECENT FINDINGS Recent publications emphasize the importance of the histological differentiation (intestinal vs. pancreatobiliary), which is one of the most important prognostic factors for ampullary cancer. These histological subtypes can be differentiated by immunohistochemistry: while positivity for mucin-2 (MUC2) and caudal homeobox gene transcription factor-2 (CDX2) excludes the pancreatobiliary subtype, positivity for MUC1 and cytokeratin-17 (CK17) excludes the intestinal subtype. Also, different mechanisms of cancer development have been described, which might be related to the type of differentiation. Due to the very low risk of lymphatic spread, local resections appear sufficient for well differentiated T1 cancer smaller than 1 cm, whereas larger, less differentiated or more invasive cancer requires a radical resection. As cancer with intestinal differentiation shares a similar biology with colon cancer, and the pancreatobiliary differentiation is close to ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, adjuvant chemotherapy should probably be given according to colon cancer (intestinal) and pancreatic cancer (pancreatobiliary), respectively. However, randomized trials are lacking. SUMMARY The recent research suggests that the histological differentiation of periampullary cancer is more important than the anatomical location (ampulla). Future studies are required to take this emerging issue into account.
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Yamashita Y, Ito K, Fujita N, Noda Y, Kobayashi G, Obana T, Horaguchi J, Kato Y, Koshita S, Kanno Y, Ogawa T, Kurose A, Sawai T. A case of early carcinoma of the papilla of Vater confined to the mucosa and continuative epithelium of glands in Oddi's sphincter (m-God) treated by endoscopic papillectomy. Intern Med 2010; 49:2447-50. [PMID: 21088347 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.49.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report a case of early stage ampullary cancer, treated by endoscopic papillectomy, in which tumor extension was confined to the mucosa and adjacent epithelium of the glands in Oddi's sphincter. A 77-year-old man underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which revealed a mass in the papilla of Vater, which was well-differentiated adenocarcinoma as proven by biopsy. The tumor was diagnosed as T1 and endoscopic papillectomy was performed. Histological examination showed adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosa of the common channel and continuative epithelium of the neighboring glands in Oddi's sphincter. No signs of recurrence have been observed during a follow-up of 23 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sendai City Medical Center, Sendai, Japan.
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Jung MK, Cho CM, Park SY, Jeon SW, Tak WY, Kweon YO, Kim SK, Choi YH. Endoscopic resection of ampullary neoplasms: a single-center experience. Surg Endosc 2009; 23:2568-74. [PMID: 19360365 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-009-0464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An ampullary tumor, whether malignant or not, must be completely resected. A benign adenoma has the potential for malignant transformation. Currently, endoscopic papillectomy with curative intent is increasingly performed for benign papillary tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of endoscopic papillectomy performed for ampullary tumors at a single center. METHODS From July 2003 to June 2008, 22 patients with a diagnosis of ampullary tumors determined by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were treated using endoscopic resection of the tumors. Endoscopic resection was performed in a radical fashion analogous to polypectomy for colon adenomas. RESULTS The 22 patients (9 men and 13 women) had an average age of 58 +/- 14 years (range, 19-85 years). The median follow-up period was 169 days (range, 14-903 days). The papillary lesions ranged in size from 8 to 33 mm. The rate of concordance between the endoscopic forceps biopsy and the resected specimen was 50% (9/18) according to the Vienna classification. Complete endoscopic resections were performed for 17 of 22 the cases (77.3%). The median length of hospital stay was 4 days (range, 2-11 days), and there were no readmissions for complications. Endoscopic complications occurred for 5 (22.7%) of the 22 patients: postpapillectomy pancreatitis for 4 patients, bleeding for 1 patient, and retroperitoneal perforation for 1 patient. However, no procedure-related deaths occurred. After the papillectomy, a pathologically incomplete resection was noted in 10 cases, including submucosal invasion of an adenocarcinoma with lateral clean resection margins. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that an endoscopic papillectomy was safe and effective for benign-appearing adenomas with negative biopsy results for a malignancy. This procedure should be considered as the initial intervention in such cases. The decision whether to perform a pancreatoduodenectomy can be made after the pathology report of the resected specimen is obtained from the endoscopic papillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 50, Samduk-Dong 2 Ga, Chung-Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
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Lorenzo-Zúñiga V, Moreno De Vega V, Domènech E, Boix J. [Diagnosis and treatment of ampullary tumors]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2009; 32:101-8. [PMID: 19231683 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumors of the ampulla of Vater are called ampullary tumors and can arise from any of the three epithelia (duodenal, pancreatic and biliary) that delimit the papilla. These tumors are clinically important and early identification, appropriate staging and proper treatment are essential. The symptoms of these tumors are non-specific and not always evident. All ampullary tumors must be resected but opinions differ on the optimal method of excision. Currently, controlled trials are lacking and consequently the treatment chosen must be individually tailored according to the characteristics of the patient and the tumor. Curative treatment may be endoscopic or surgical. In patients who are not candidates for curative treatment, palliative treatment through drainage can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Lorenzo-Zúñiga
- Unidad de Endoscopias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD).
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Woo SM, Ryu JK, Lee SH, Lee WJ, Hwang JH, Yoo JW, Park JK, Kang GH, Kim YT, Yoon YB. Feasibility of endoscopic papillectomy in early stage ampulla of Vater cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24:120-4. [PMID: 19032444 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although endoscopic papillectomy has been attempted in early stage ampullary cancer (pTis, T1), its curative role and indications remain uncertain. The present study was designed to assess the factors that predict malignancy and lymph node metastasis and to suggest potential indications for endoscopic papillectomy by analyzing clinicopathological data. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological data of 216 patients with ampullary cancer between 1991 and 2006. RESULTS No tumor in pTis stage had metastasized to lymph nodes and only 9% of tumors in pT1 had metastasized. Tumor size (P = 0.018), depth of invasion (P = 0.021) and venous invasion (P = 0.014) were found to be significantly related to lymph node metastasis. Cases with early stage ampullary cancer of less than 2 cm with a well-differentiated histology and no angiolymphatic invasion (n = 13) showed no lymph node metastasis and no recurrence during a median follow up of 35.9 months. CONCLUSION Endoscopic papillectomy can be adopted as a viable alternative to surgery in patients with early stage ampullary cancer of less than 2 cm in size and with a well-differentiated histology. When a resected specimen has a well-differentiated histology, and there is no resection margin involvement and no angiolymphatic invasion, our findings indicate that subsequent radical surgery is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Myung Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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A Case of Early Depressed-type Ampullary Carcinoma Treated by Wire-guided Endoscopic Resection. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2007; 17:533-7. [DOI: 10.1097/sle.0b013e31813e64c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yoon SM, Kim MH, Kim MJ, Jang SJ, Lee TY, Kwon S, Oh HC, Lee SS, Seo DW, Lee SK. Focal early stage cancer in ampullary adenoma: surgery or endoscopic papillectomy? Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 66:701-7. [PMID: 17905011 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the evidence has been accumulating that endoscopic resection may be curative in treating ampullary adenoma that contains high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/in situ tumor (HGIN/Tis). However, there are only anecdotal reports of endoscopic management of "focal" T1 ampullary cancer (T1 cancer), and radical surgery is still considered the only accepted treatment modality. OBJECTIVE To assess the possibility of endoscopic papillectomy as an alternative to radical surgery for the treatment of ampullary adenoma with HGIN/Tis or focal T1 cancer. DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of case series of our hospital from 1996 to 2006. SETTING Tertiary-care university teaching hospital. PATIENTS Twenty-three patients who had HGIN/Tis or focal T1 cancer in ampullary adenoma resected by endoscopic papillectomy and 60 patients who initially underwent radical surgery for HGIN/Tis or T1 cancer of the ampulla of Vater. "Focal" was defined as a lesion involving only mucosa, with a size less than a fourth the diameter of main adenoma. INTERVENTIONS Review of medical records and analysis of surgically or endoscopically resected specimens of ampullary tumors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Locoregional extension and follow-up data. RESULTS Patients with HGIN/Tis of the ampulla of Vater had no lymphovascular invasion or lymph-node metastasis, and there were no occurrences of cancer or deaths during a mean (standard error [+/-SE]) 27.1 +/- 5.9 months after endoscopic papillectomy. T1 cancer was shown to have lymphovascular invasion and/or lymph-node metastasis in 10.7% and duct mucosal involvement in another 17.9%. Among them, patients with focal T1 cancer showed no lymphovascular invasion or lymph-node metastasis and no ductal involvement, and none of the patients who underwent endoscopic papillectomy alone had cancer recurrence or disease-related death for mean (+/-SE) 32.2 +/- 6.7 months. LIMITATIONS Single-center, retrospective study, small number of patients, and medium-term follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic papillectomy may be a curative treatment for ampullary adenoma with HGIN/Tis and should also be considered as an alternative to surgery in focal T1 cancer in ampullary adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Man Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Coda S, Lee SY, Gotoda T. Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection as treatments for early gastrointestinal cancers in Western countries. Gut Liver 2007; 1:12-21. [PMID: 20485653 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2007.1.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Early gastrointestinal cancers are defined as lesions limited to the mucosa or submucosa without invading the muscularis propria, regardless of the presence of lymph node metastases. Although the natural history of these diseases is basically alike worldwide, its management is quite different between the East and West; aggressive surgery is frequently adopted by Western surgeons, while less invasive techniques are adopted by Asian colleagues. These techniques include endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection which are now accepted as treatments for early gastrointestinal cancers in selected cases. Recent advances in endoscopic detection and treatment techniques, especially in Japan and Korea, have prompted Western endoscopists to learn these techniques. This review addresses recent advances regarding endoscopic resections of early gastrointestinal cancers, which promoted its use in Western countries. In addition, prospective studies on endoscopic resection in Western countries are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Coda
- Operative Unit of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, Department of General and Specialized Surgery and Organ Transplantation "Paride Stefanini", University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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Gilani N, Ramirez FC. Endoscopic resection of an ampullary carcinoid presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:1268-70. [PMID: 17451212 PMCID: PMC4147006 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i8.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ampullary carcinoid is a rare tumor that can present with gastrointestinal bleeding, obstructive jaundice or pancreatitis. Some of these tumors are associated with Von Recklinghausen disease. The usual surgical options are a biliary-enteric anastomosis, Whipple procedure or rarely a local resection. The mean survival does not appear to be much different after a pancreaticoduodenectomy versus local surgical excision. We report a very rare case of a non-metastatic ampullary carcinoid causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which was managed by endoscopic ampullectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooman Gilani
- Department of Medicine and Research, Gastroenterology Section, Carl. T. Hayden Veterans Administration Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA.
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Kaltenbach T, Crockett S, Triadafilopoulos G. Interventional upper endoscopy: the adult perspective. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2006; 8:443-9. [PMID: 17105681 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-006-0033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in interventional endoscopic technology and techniques are paving the way for the increased application of minimally invasive methods to treat various upper gastrointestinal conditions, both benign and malignant. Through the description of enteral stenting for palliation of malignant obstruction, expanded techniques of enteral feeding tube placement, mucosectomy of early gastric cancer, and snare ampullectomy for benign ampullary lesions, this review focuses on recent progress in therapeutic endoscopy of the stomach and duodenum and highlights the importance of continued research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya Kaltenbach
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Building M-211, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Seewald S, Omar S, Soehendra N. Endoscopic resection of tumors of the ampulla of Vater: how far up and how deep down can we go? Gastrointest Endosc 2006; 63:789-91. [PMID: 16650539 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2006.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Accepted: 01/22/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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