Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Transl Med. Jul 28, 2026; 12(2): 121778
Published online Jul 28, 2026. doi: 10.5528/wjtm.121778
Published online Jul 28, 2026. doi: 10.5528/wjtm.121778
Blood flow restriction training in rehabilitation for knee conditions and elective knee procedures
Ahmed A Khalifa, Department of Orthopaedic, Qena Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Qina, Egypt
Ahmed A Khalifa, Department of Orthopaedic, Aster Sanad Hospital, Riyadh 13216, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Wafaa S Soliman, Department of Cardiology, Al-Jazeera Hospital, Riyadh 13216, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Author contributions: Khalifa AA conceived and designed the study and performed critical revisions; Khalifa AA and Soliman WS performed the literature search, data acquisition, and prepared the manuscript draft; both authors read, discussed, and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No AI tool was involved in the generation of research data, interpretation of results, or formulation of conclusions.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Corresponding author: Ahmed A Khalifa, MD, FRCS, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic, Qena Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, South Valley University, Kilo 6 Qena-Safaga Highway, Qena 83523, Qina, Egypt. ahmed_adel0391@med.svu.edu.eg
Received: April 1, 2026
Revised: May 13, 2026
Accepted: June 8, 2026
Published online: July 28, 2026
Processing time: 119 Days and 12.5 Hours
Revised: May 13, 2026
Accepted: June 8, 2026
Published online: July 28, 2026
Processing time: 119 Days and 12.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Rehabilitation is a crucial step in the conservative management of various knee conditions, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, it is a crucial step in the pre- and postoperative protocols for various elective knee joint surgical procedures, such as total knee arthroplasty and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Blood flow restriction was introduced as an adjuvant to these rehabilitation protocols, demonstrating efficacy in improving muscle strength and performance, ultimately leading to improved function and quality-of-life outcomes. However, detailed descriptions and precise protocols for each condition supported by well-designed studies are still lacking.