Risk factors of mortality in patients with acute kidney injury: Retrospective cohort study with longitudinal follow-up

doi:10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.117833

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World Journal of Nephrology

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2220-6124

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Nephrol. Jun 25, 2026; 15(2): 117833
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.117833

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute kidney injury between 2002 and 2015

Characteristics	n (%)
Population	214
Age, (years) median (Q1-Q3)	61 (43-73.25)
Women	107 (50)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	80 (37.4)
Diabetes	69 (32.2)
Cardiovascular disease	38 (17.7)
Charlson comorbidity index
0	111 (52)
1-4	94 (44)
≥ 5	9 (4)
Etiology of AKI
Pre renal	114 (53.3)
Renal	83 (38.8)
Post renal	17 (7.9)
KDIGO classification
Stage 1	50 (23.4)
Stage 2	49 (22.9)
Stage 3	115 (53.7)
Dialysis required	31 (14.5)

AKI: Acute kidney injury; KDIGO: Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Univariate statistical predictive factors of survival after an acute kidney injury episode between 2002 and 2015

Population characteristics		Mean overall survival in months
Age	≤ 65 years	196	P < 10^-4^a
Age	> 65 years	101	P < 10^-4^a
History	Yes	144	P = 0.001^a
History	No	186	P = 0.001^a
Hypertension	Yes	128	P = 0.005^a
Hypertension	No	174	P = 0.005^a
Diabetes	Yes	122	P = 0.007^a
Diabetes	No	172	P = 0.007^a
Vascular disease	Yes	103	P = 0.007^a
Vascular disease	No	167	P = 0.007^a
Multitarget patients	Yes	126	P = 0.001^a
Multitarget patients	Non	177	P = 0.001^a
Modified CCI	0-4	183	P < 10^-4^a
	5-6	121
	≥ 7	68
Kalaemia (mmol/L)	≤ 5.5	159	P = 0.009^a
Kalaemia (mmol/L)	> 5.5	128	P = 0.009^a
AKI mechanism	Pre renal	138	P = 0.025^a
AKI mechanism	Renal or post renal	177	P = 0.025^a
CKD development at ST	Yes	108	P = 0.019^a
CKD development at ST	No	167	P = 0.019^a
MACE	Yes	170	P = 0.222
MACE	No	155	P = 0.222

^aP ≤ 0.05.

AKI: Acute kidney injury, CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; MACE: Major cardiovascular event; ST: Short term.

Full Size Table

Citation: Ben Mahmoud N, Hamouda M, Ben Salem M, Ben Salah M, Ghabi F, Hafi K, Bchir S, Letaief A, Skhiri H. Risk factors of mortality in patients with acute kidney injury: Retrospective cohort study with longitudinal follow-up. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(2): 117833
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v15/i2/117833.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.117833

Ben Mahmoud N, Hamouda M, Ben Salem M, Ben Salah M, Ghabi F, Hafi K, Bchir S, Letaief A, Skhiri H. Risk factors of mortality in patients with acute kidney injury: Retrospective cohort study with longitudinal follow-up. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(2): 117833 [DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.117833]

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