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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Nephrol. Jun 25, 2025; 14(2): 100896
Published online Jun 25, 2025. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.100896
Published online Jun 25, 2025. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.100896
Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study participant (n = 345), at Wolkite University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia, 2022, n (%)
| Variable | Category | Chronic kidney disease | P value | ||
| Yes (n = 54) | No (n = 291) | Total | |||
| Age | 18-59 | 12 (22.2) | 179 (61.5) | 191 (55.4) | 0.000 |
| ≥ 60 | 42 (77.8) | 112 (38.5) | 154 (44.6) | ||
| Sex | Male | 29 (53.7) | 147 (50.5) | 176 (51.0) | 0.389 |
| Female | 25 (46.3) | 144 (49.5) | 169 (49.0) | ||
| Place of residence | Urban | 18 (33.3) | 111 (38.1) | 129 (37.4) | 0.305 |
| Rural | 36 (66.7) | 180 (61.9) | 216 (62.6) | ||
| Marital status | Married | 38 (70.4) | 211 (72.5) | 249 (72.2) | 0.431 |
| Single | 16 (29.6) | 80 (27.5) | 96 (27.8) | ||
| Place of residence | Urban | 52 (39.4) | 31 (36.9) | 83 (38.4) | |
| Rural | 80 (60.6) | 53 (63.1) | 133 (61.6) | ||
| Educational status | Illiterate | 33 (61.1) | 127 (43.6) | 160 (46.4) | 0.093 |
| Primary | 8 (14.8) | 76 (26.1) | 84 (24.3) | ||
| Secondary | 10 (18.5) | 59 (20.3) | 69 (20) | ||
| Diploma and above | 3 (5.6) | 29 (10) | 32 (9.3) | ||
| Religion | Christian | 29 (53.7) | 105 (36.1) | 134 (38.8) | 0.012 |
| Muslim | 25 (46.3) | 186 (63.9) | 211 (61.2) | ||
| Occupation | Unemployed | 6 (11.1) | 31 (10.7) | 37 (10.7) | 0.539 |
| Government | 5 (9.3) | 29 (10) | 34 (9.9) | ||
| Private | 11 (20.4) | 81 (27.8) | 92 (26.7) | ||
| Farmer | 29 (53.7) | 120 (41.2) | 149 (43.2) | ||
| Daily labor | 2 (3.7) | 13 (4.5) | 15 (4.3) | ||
| House wife | 1 (1.9) | 17 (5.8) | 18 (5.2) | ||
Table 2 Clinical and behavioral characteristics of the study participant (n = 345) at Wolkite University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia, 2022, n (%)
| Variable | Category | CKD | P value | ||
| Yes (n = 54) | No (n = 191) | Total | |||
| Family history of CKD | Yes | 7 (13.0) | 2 (0.7) | 9 (2.6) | 0.000 |
| No | 47 (87.0) | 289 (99.3) | 336 (97.4) | ||
| Hypertension | Yes | 39 (72.2) | 47 (16.2) | 86 (24.9) | 0.000 |
| No | 15 (27.8) | 244 (83.8) | 259 (75.1) | ||
| diabetes mellitus | Yes | 21 (38.9) | 32 (11.0) | 53 (15.4) | 0.000 |
| No | 33 (61.1) | 259 (89.0) | 292 (84.6) | ||
| Cardiac problem | Yes | 11 (20.4) | 27 (9.3) | 38 (11.0) | 0.020 |
| No | 43 (79.6) | 264 (90.7) | 307 (89.0) | ||
| Human immunodeficiency virus status | Yes | 1 (1.9) | 9 (3.1) | 10 (2.9) | 0.518 |
| No | 53 (98.1) | 282 (96.9) | 335 (97.1) | ||
| Alcohol consumption | Yes | 10 (18.5) | 21 (7.2) | 31 (9.0) | 0.012 |
| No | 44 (81.5) | 270 (92.8) | 314 (91.0) | ||
| Cigarette smoking | Yes | 7 (13.0) | 12 (4.1) | 19 (5.5) | 0.017 |
| No | 47 (87.0) | 279 (95.9) | 326 (94.5) | ||
| Body mass index | Normal | 19 (35.2) | 231 (79.4) | 250 (72.5) | 0.000 |
| Overweight | 28 (51.9) | 51 (17.5) | 79 (22.9) | ||
| Obese | 7 (13.0) | 9 (3.1) | 16 (4.6) | ||
| Anemia | Yes | 27 (50.3) | 55 (18.9) | 82 (23.8) | 0.000 |
| No | 27 (50.3) | 236 (81.1) | 263 (76.2) | ||
Table 3 Multicollinearity test
| Model | Collinearity statistics | ||
| Tolerance | Variance inflation factor | ||
| 1 | Sex | 0.864 | 1.157 |
| Age | 0.727 | 1.375 | |
| Family member having chronic kidney disease | 0.905 | 1.105 | |
| History of known hypertension | 0.864 | 1.157 | |
| History of known diabetes mellitus | 0.933 | 1.072 | |
| History of heart problem | 0.883 | 1.132 | |
| Alcohol consumsion | 0.858 | 1.165 | |
| Cigarate smoking | 0.910 | 1.099 | |
| Anemia | 0.915 | 1.093 | |
| Occupation | 0.612 | 1.635 | |
| Education | 0.570 | 1.755 | |
| Body mass index | 0.881 | 1.135 | |
| Place of residence | 0.561 | 1.782 | |
Table 4 Omnibus tests of model coefficients
| χ² | Df | P value | ||
| Step 1 | Step | 154.337 | 13 | 0.000 |
| Block | 154.337 | 13 | 0.000 | |
| Model | 154.337 | 13 | 0.000 | |
Table 5 Hosmer and Lemeshow test
| Step | χ² | Df | P value |
| 1 | 6.952 | 8 | 0.542 |
Table 6 Factors associated with chronic kidney disease using chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation among medical ward admitted patients using bivariate and multiple logistic regression in Wolkite University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia, 2022
| Variable | Category | CKD (n) | Crude OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | P value | |
| Yes | No | |||||
| Sex | Male | 29 | 147 | 1.14 (0.63-2.03) | ||
| Female | 25 | 144 | 1 | |||
| Age group | < 60 | 12 | 179 | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥ 60 | 42 | 112 | 5.6 (2.82-11.08) | 5.9 (2.41-14.5) | 0.000 | |
| Residence | Urban | 18 | 111 | 1 | ||
| Rural | 36 | 180 | 1.23 (0.66-2.27) | |||
| Occupational status | Farmer | 29 | 120 | 0.605 (0.34-1.08) | ||
| Other | 25 | 171 | 1 | |||
| Educational status | Illiterate | 33 | 127 | 0.943 (0.27-0.89) | ||
| Literate | 21 | 164 | 1 | |||
| Family member having CKD | Yes | 5 | 4 | 7.3 (1.89-28.22) | 4.0 (0.70-23.19) | 0.118 |
| No | 49 | 287 | 1 | |||
| History of hypertension | Yes | 39 | 47 | 13.5 (6.89-26.44) | 10.4 (4.6-23.81) | 0.000 |
| No | 15 | 244 | 1 | |||
| History of diabetes mellitus | Yes | 21 | 32 | 5.2 (2.66-9.95) | 5.9 (2.14-16.23) | 0.001 |
| No | 33 | 259 | 1 | |||
| History of heart problem | Yes | 13 | 25 | 3.4 (1.59-7.11) | 1.7 (0.58-4.99) | 0.33 |
| No | 41 | 266 | 1 | |||
| Alcohol consumption | Yes | 10 | 21 | 2.9 (1.28-6.61) | 1.4 (0.46-4.31) | 0.533 |
| No | 44 | 270 | 1 | |||
| Cigarette smoking | Yes | 7 | 12 | 3.5 (1.29-9.24) | 1.9 (0.43-8.28) | 0.399 |
| No | 47 | 279 | 1 | |||
| Body mass index | < 25 | 19 | 231 | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥ 25 | 35 | 60 | 3.8 (2.053-6.97) | 3.1 (1.30-7.27) | 0.010 | |
| Anemia | Yes | 27 | 55 | 4.29 (2.33-7.88) | 2.9 (1.26-6.88) | 0.012 |
| No | 27 | 236 | 1 | |||
- Citation: Habtu BF, Obsa F, Cheneke W, Asaye S, Nuru A, Hajikelil Z. Assessment of chronic kidney disease and associated factors at Wolkite University Specialized Hospital: A cross-sectional study. World J Nephrol 2025; 14(2): 100896
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v14/i2/100896.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.100896