Protective effects of cerium oxide on ibuprofen-induced renal injury in rats with ureteral obstruction

Figure 1 Histopathological evaluation of the left kidneys. A and B: Control (group C) - left kidney (A: 40 ×, B: 100 ×); C and D: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) (group UO) - left (ureter-obstructed) kidney (C: 40 ×, D: 100 ×); E and F: UUO + ibuprofen (group UOI) - left (ureter-obstructed) kidney (E: 40 ×, F: 100 ×); G and H: UUO + CeO₂ (group UOCO) - left (ureter-obstructed) kidney (G: 40 ×, H: 100 ×); I and J: UUO + ibuprofen + CeO₂ (group UOICO) - left (ureter-obstructed) kidney (I: 40 ×, J: 100 ×). RC: Renal cortex; dt: Distal tubule; g: Glomerulus; pt: Proximal tubule; arrow: Dilated tubules; c: Congestion; md: Macula densa; v: Vacuolization; inf: Infiltration; *: Degenerated glomerulus; ^: Bowman’s space; conj: Congestion.

Figure 2 Histopathological analysis of the right kidneys. A and B: Control (group C) - right kidney (A: 40 ×, B: 100 ×); C and D: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) (group UO) - right (non-obstructed) kidney (C: 40 ×, D: 100 ×); E and F: UUO + ibuprofen (group UOI) - right (non-obstructed) kidney (E: 40 ×, F: 100 ×); G and H: UUO + CeO₂ (group UOCO) - Group UOCO - right (non-obstructed) kidney (G: 40 ×, H: 100 ×); I and J: UUO + ibuprofen + CeO₂ (group UOICO) - right (non-obstructed) kidney (I: 40 ×, J: 100 ×). RC: Renal cortex; dt: Distal tubule; g: Glomerulus; pt: Proximal tubule; ↓: Dilated tubules; ra: Renal artery; RM: Renal medulla; a: Artery; v: Vacuolization; inf: Infiltration; *: Degenerated glomerulus; ^: Bowman’s space; conj: Congestion; dej: Degeneration.