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World J Nephrol. Jun 25, 2026; 15(2): 118484
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.118484
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.118484
Perioperative predictors of urinary tract infections after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Rabea A Gadelkareem, Nasreldin Mohammed, Department of Urology, Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
Hazem T Abodief, Sahra Z Azer, Amna A Desoky, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
Co-corresponding authors: Rabea A Gadelkareem and Amna A Desoky.
Author contributions: Gadelkareem RA and Desoky AA contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-corresponding authors. Gadelkareem RA and Abodief HT designed the research, collected the data, and wrote the paper; Desoky AA and Mohamed N contributed to statistical analysis, literature review, writing, and revision, and Abodief HT and Azer SZ contributed to literature review, revision, and supervision of the work. All authors approved the paper.
Institutional review board statement: The Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Nursing approved the proposal of the project from which this study was drafted. The institutional review board approval number is No. 3750011.
Clinical trial registration statement: This study is a part of a research project which was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry (No. NCT05852483).
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
CONSORT 2010 statement: The authors have read the CONSORT 2010 Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CONSORT 2010 Statement.
Data sharing statement: The data supporting this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Rabea A Gadelkareem, Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Elgamaa Street, Assiut 71515, Egypt. rabeagad@aun.edu.eg
Received: January 4, 2026
Revised: January 24, 2026
Accepted: March 9, 2026
Published online: June 25, 2026
Processing time: 163 Days and 6.9 Hours
Revised: January 24, 2026
Accepted: March 9, 2026
Published online: June 25, 2026
Processing time: 163 Days and 6.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the preferred treatment for kidney stones larger than 2 cm. It offers faster recovery and a higher stone removal rate. However, its complication profile remains significant, including hemorrhage and urinary tract infections. The current prospective study identified factors such as diabetes mellitus, history of preoperative pyuria, large stone size, multiple punctures, long operative time, intraoperative double-J stent placement, blood transfusion, residual stones, and extended urethral catheterization as influencing the risk of post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy urinary tract infection. Nonetheless, diabetes mellitus, larger stone size, and residual stones were independent predictors.