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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Nephrol. Jun 25, 2025; 14(2): 102713
Published online Jun 25, 2025. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.102713
Published online Jun 25, 2025. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.102713
Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcomes of adult patients with proliferative lupus nephritis
Saima Ahmed, Tabassum Elahi, Ejaz Ahmed, Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
Muhammed Mubarak, Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
Author contributions: All authors were involved in the conceptualization of the manuscript and its development, execution, analysis of results, primary drafting, and critical revision, and have read and agreed to the published version.
Institutional review board statement: The present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT-ERC-2020/PA-227), and the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent statement: All patients provided informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Muhammed Mubarak, PhD, Professor, Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan. drmubaraksiut@yahoo.com
Received: October 28, 2024
Revised: February 25, 2025
Accepted: March 4, 2025
Published online: June 25, 2025
Processing time: 165 Days and 2.4 Hours
Revised: February 25, 2025
Accepted: March 4, 2025
Published online: June 25, 2025
Processing time: 165 Days and 2.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Lupus nephritis (LN) presents significant variability in clinical manifestations and treatment response. Although current treatments have markedly improved outcomes for patients with proliferative LN (PLN), a significant number of patients still gradually progress to end-stage kidney disease. There is still a lack of understanding about the factors that affect therapy non-response and the survival rates of patients with PLN, particularly from developing countries. This study aims to bridge these gaps, enhancing understanding of outcome disparities between developed and developing countries.