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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Nephrol. Mar 25, 2022; 11(2): 39-57
Published online Mar 25, 2022. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v11.i2.39
Published online Mar 25, 2022. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v11.i2.39
Hidden risks associated with conventional short intermittent hemodialysis: A call for action to mitigate cardiovascular risk and morbidity
Bernard Canaud, Allan Collins, Global Medical Office, Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg 61352, Germany
Bernard Canaud, Department of Nephrology, Montpellier University, Montpellier 34000, France
Jeroen P Kooman, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 HX, Netherlands
Nicholas M Selby, Maarten Taal, Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, United Kingdom
Andreas Maierhofer, Pascal Kopperschmidt, Global Research Development, Fresenius Medical Care, Schweinfurt 97424, Germany
Susan Francis, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
Peter Kotanko, Renal Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10065, United States
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to concept, writing, and revising of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Canaud B is acting as scientist consultant for FMC. No conflict of interest exists for other authors.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Bernard Canaud, MD, PhD, Emeritus Professor, Global Medical Office, Fresenius Medical Care, 1 Else Kroner Str, DE-61352, Bad Homburg 61352, Germany.
Received: March 26, 2021
Peer-review started: March 26, 2021
First decision: October 17, 2021
Revised: October 30, 2021
Accepted: March 23, 2022
Article in press: March 23, 2022
Published online: March 25, 2022
Processing time: 363 Days and 19.6 Hours
Peer-review started: March 26, 2021
First decision: October 17, 2021
Revised: October 30, 2021
Accepted: March 23, 2022
Article in press: March 23, 2022
Published online: March 25, 2022
Processing time: 363 Days and 19.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: In this in-depth review, we summarize the hidden effects of intermittent hemodialysis (HD) therapy, namely, dialysis sickness and dialysis related morbidity. We call for action to improve delivered HD and develop treatment schedules that are better tolerated and associated with fewer adverse effects. The final aim is to reduce cardiovascular burden and improve patient outcomes.