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Shyn PB, Patel MD, Itani M, Gupta AC, Burgan CM, Planz V, Galgano SJ, Lamba R, Raman SS, Yoshikawa MH. Image-guided renal parenchymal biopsies- how we do it. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2025; 50:2595-2605. [PMID: 39585376 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
This paper is a multi-institutional review of image-guided renal parenchymal biopsies. Among the topics covered are indications, preprocedural considerations, biopsy technique, complications, and postprocedural management. Both native kidney and transplant kidney biopsies are considered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Shyn
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | | | - Malak Itani
- Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Steven S Raman
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
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Lim CY, Khay SL. Bleeding complications after percutaneous kidney biopsies - nationwide experience from Brunei Darussalam. World J Nephrol 2023; 12:147-158. [PMID: 38230299 PMCID: PMC10789084 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v12.i5.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney biopsy serves as a valuable method for both diagnosing and monitoring kidney conditions. Various studies have identified several risk factors associated with bleeding complications following the procedure, but these findings have shown inconsistency and variation. AIM To investigate the risk of bleeding complications following percutaneous kidney biopsy in Brunei Darussalam. We sought to explore the relevant clinical and pathological risk factors associated with these complications while also considering the findings within the broader international literature context. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of all adult patients who underwent kidney biopsy in Brunei Darussalam from October 2013 to September 2020. The outcomes of interest were post-biopsy bleeding and the need for blood transfusions. Demographics, clinical, laboratory and procedural-related data were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of outcomes. RESULTS A total of 255 kidney biopsies were included, with 11% being performed on transplanted kidneys. The majority of biopsies were done under ultrasound guidance (83.1%), with the rest under computer tomography guidance (16.9%). The most common indications for biopsy were chronic kidney disease of undefined cause (36.1%), nephrotic syndrome (24.3%) and acute kidney injury (11%). Rate of bleeding complication was 6.3% - 2% frank hematuria and 4.3% perinephric hematoma. Blood transfusion was required in 2.8% of patients. No patient lost a kidney or died because of the biopsy. Multivariate logistic regression identified baseline hemoglobin [odds ratio (OR): 4.11; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.12-15.1; P = 0.03 for hemoglobin ≤ 11 g/dL vs. > 11 g/dL) and the presence of microscopic hematuria (OR: 5.24; 95%CI: 1.43-19.1; P = 0.01) as independent risk factors for post-biopsy bleeding. Furthermore, low baseline platelet count was identified as the dominant risk factor for requiring post-biopsy transfusions. Specifically, each 10 109/L decrease in baseline platelet count was associated with an 12% increase risk of needing transfusion (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.79-0.98; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Kidney biopsies were generally well-tolerated. The identified risk factors for bleeding and transfusion can help clinicians to better identify patients who may be at increased risk for these outcomes and to provide appropriate monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao Yuen Lim
- Department of Renal Services, RIPAS Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan BA1712, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sai Laung Khay
- Department of Renal Services, RIPAS Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan BA1712, Brunei Darussalam
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Robert SC, Cossetto T, Miao TL, Li K, Habib E, Mocanu V, Garvin G, Etemad-Rezai R, Cool DW. Complications After Renal Mass Biopsy: Frequency, Nature, Timing, and Associated Characteristics. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023; 221:344-353. [PMID: 37132549 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.29059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Observation periods after renal mass biopsy (RMB) range from 1 hour to overnight hospitalization. Short observation may improve efficiency by allowing use of the same recovery bed and other resources for RMBs in additional patients. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency, timing, and nature of complications after RMB, as well as to identify characteristics associated with such complications. METHODS. This retrospective study included 576 patients (mean age, 64.9 years; 345 men, 231 women) who underwent percutaneous ultrasound- or CT-guided RMB at one of three hospitals, performed by 22 radiologists, between January 1, 2008, and June 1, 2020. The EHR was reviewed to identify postbiopsy complications, which were classified as bleeding-related or non-bleeding-related and as acute (< 24 hours), subacute (24 hours to 30 days), or delayed (> 30 days). Deviations from normal clinical management (analgesia, unplanned laboratory testing, or additional imaging) were identified. RESULTS. Acute and subacute complications occurred after 3.6% (21/576) and 0.7% (4/576) of RMBs, respectively. No delayed complication or patient death occurred. A total of 76.2% (16/21) of acute complications were bleeding-related. A deviation from normal clinical management occurred after 1.6% (9/551) of RMBs that had no associated postbiopsy complication. Among the 16 patients with bleeding-related acute complications, all experienced a deviation, with mean time to deviation of 56 ± 47 (SD) minutes (range, 10-162 minutes; ≤ 120 minutes in 13/16 patients). The five non-bleeding-related acute complications all presented at the time of RMB completion. The four subacute complications occurred from 28 hours to 18 days after RMB. Patients with, versus those without, a bleeding-related complication had a lower platelet count (mean, 197.7 vs 250.4 × 109/L, p = .01) and greater frequency of entirely endophytic renal masses (47.4% vs 19.6%, p = .01). CONCLUSION. Complications after RMB were uncommon and presented either within 3 hours after biopsy or more than 24 hours after biopsy. CLINICAL IMPACT. A 3-hour monitoring window after RMB before patient discharge (in the absence of deviation from normal clinical management and complemented by informing patients of the low risk of a subacute complication) may provide both safe patient management and appropriate resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien C Robert
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Tyler Cossetto
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Timothy L Miao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Katherine Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Habib
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Valentin Mocanu
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Greg Garvin
- Department of Medical Imaging, St. Joseph's Health Care, London, ON, Canada
| | - Roya Etemad-Rezai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Derek W Cool
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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Guan Y, Bai C, Li F, Li T, Zhao X, He Z, Guo N. The impact of blood pressure on the risk of postbiopsy bleeding during the whole procedure of percutaneous kidney biopsy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1140-1147. [PMID: 36574058 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether BP is related to postbiopsy bleeding in patients undergoing native percutaneous kidney biopsy (PKB) and to evaluate the dynamic changes in blood pressure (BP) pre- and post-kidney biopsy. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The whole-procedural systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP for patients undergoing ultrasound-guided native PKB from October 2017 to December 2020 were recorded in the study. Propensity score matching was used to minimize selection bias. SBP and DBP were analyzed as the main risk factors for bleeding complications. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to explore the optimal BP thresholds to differentiate between bleeding and nonbleeding. The rates of major bleeding complications were analyzed according to BP thresholds through logistic analysis. RESULTS Of 1146 biopsies, 432 (37.7%) patients suffered from postbiopsy bleeding, 88 (7.7%) patients had major bleeding complications, and 344 (30.0%) patients had minor bleeding complications. In the original data, for patients with SBP ≥ 160 mmHg before PKB, the rate of major bleeding complications was 17.6% (7.5% for SBP < 160 mmHg), and the rate of major bleeding complications was 19.0% in patients with DBP ≥ 100 mmHg (7.5% for DBP < 100 mmHg). For patients with DBP ≥ 85 mmHg to 100 mmHg after PKB, the rate of major bleeding complications ranged from 9.5 to 17.5%. The rate of major bleeding complications was lower (6.6-7.3%) in patients with DBP < 100 mmHg to 85 mmHg. CONCLUSION Patients who have high-level BP during the native PKB perioperative period are at higher risk for postbiopsy bleeding. High-level BP here does not refer to traditional hypertension according to the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, but rather BP above a certain threshold related to bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Guan
- Department of Nephrological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxiao Bai
- Department of Nephrological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tongxin Li
- Department of Nephrological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Zhao
- Department of Nephrological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zixia He
- Department of Nephrological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Iatrogenic Renal Artery Injury in 90 Cases: Arteriographic Findings and Outcomes after Embolization for Bleeding. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023; 34:436-444. [PMID: 36414115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate differences in arteriographic findings and outcomes after embolization among patients with a suspected iatrogenic renal arterial injury (IRAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients at the authors' institution who underwent renal arteriography for suspected IRAIs after partial nephrectomy, biopsy, or percutaneous access over a 20-year period were included. Records, imaging, and outcomes were reviewed. Data analysis was performed using the Fisher exact or Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Ninety arteriograms were performed on 83 patients after partial nephrectomy (n = 32), biopsy (n = 27), or percutaneous access (n = 24), including for nephrostomy/ureterostomy and stone removal. The median number of days between the index procedure and arteriogram was highest (15 days) after partial nephrectomy and lowest (5 days) after biopsy (P = .0001). Embolization was performed during 76% of arteriograms. If prearteriographic imaging showed positive results for IRAIs, embolization was performed in 67% versus 33% if imaging showed negative results (P = .005). The transfusion rate was higher after biopsy than after partial nephrectomy or percutaneous access (P = .002). Acute kidney injury after arteriogram occurred in 7% of patients; however, all returned to baseline by 1 week. CONCLUSIONS Despite the different mechanism of IRAIs in partial nephrectomy, biopsy, and percutaneous access, arteriographic findings and outcomes were overall similar among groups. Prearteriographic imaging can help identify IRAIs but cannot supersede the clinical judgment regarding indication for embolization. IRAIs can present acutely or after a long interim, although patients who underwent biopsy presented earlier and more frequently required a blood transfusion. IRAIs can be treated with embolization without permanent deleterious effects on renal function.
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Kunin H, Wijetunga NA, Erinjeri JP, Noy A, Deipolyi AR. Predictors of Major Hemorrhage After Spleen Core Biopsy in Cancer Patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022; 33:1055-1060.e1. [PMID: 36049840 PMCID: PMC11474335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this retrospective study, 232 spleen biopsies from 218 patients with cancer were assessed. Biopsies resulting in hemorrhage requiring hospitalization, transfusion, or other interventions were compared with those that did not. The maximization of the Youden index helped determine the optimal systolic blood pressure (SBP) and platelet count thresholds. There were 15 (7%) major hemorrhages among 211 core biopsies. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that higher SBP, lower platelet count, and the lack of ultrasound guidance were independently associated with major hemorrhage (P < .05). The optimal SBP cutoff was 140 mm Hg, and the platelet count cutoff was 120,000 platelets/μL. In conclusion, the high major hemorrhage rate of 7% among percutaneous core spleen biopsies in patients with cancer may be mitigated by controlling SBP to <140 mm Hg and avoiding biopsy in patients with thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Kunin
- Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Manhattan, New York City
| | - N Ari Wijetunga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Manhattan, New York City
| | - Joseph P Erinjeri
- Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Manhattan, New York City
| | - Ariela Noy
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Manhattan, New York City
| | - Amy R Deipolyi
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University/Charleston Division, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, West Virginia.
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Effect of Hemocoagulase on the Prevention of Bleeding after Percutaneous Renal Biopsy. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030223. [PMID: 35324720 PMCID: PMC8951486 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A percutaneous renal biopsy is an essential tool for the diagnosis of various renal diseases; however, post-biopsy bleeding is a major complication. Hemocoagulase is a detoxified and purified snake venom enzyme that is widely used to prevent post-procedural bleeding. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the effect of hemocoagulase on post-renal biopsy bleeding. We included 221 patients who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy between April 2017 and December 2020 and analyzed post-renal biopsy hemoglobin (Hb) decline in patients who were administered a periprocedural hemocoagulase injection. After the renal biopsy, the mean Hb decrease in the entire patient cohort was 0.33 ± 0.84 g/dL. Periprocedural hemocoagulase injection lowered the Hb decline post-renal biopsy (0.50 ± 0.87 vs. 0.23 ± 0.80 g/dL, p = 0.0204). The propensity-matched cohort was also adjusted for factors influencing postprocedural bleeding; periprocedural hemocoagulase injection reduced the Hb decline post-renal biopsy (0.56 ± 0.89 vs. 0.17 ± 0.74 g/dL, p = 0.006). There were no adverse events (e.g., thrombosis and anaphylactic shock) due to hemocoagulase. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of hemocoagulase on post-renal biopsy Hb decline, suggesting its clinical value in preventing post-renal biopsy bleeding.
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The impact of blood pressure on the risk of major bleeding complication after renal transplant biopsy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:409-415. [PMID: 34605965 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the impact of elevated blood pressure on the rate of major hemorrhagic complication after renal transplant biopsy. METHODS Pre-procedural systolic (SBP), diastolic (SBP), and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressure for consecutive patients undergoing US-guided renal transplant biopsies from 08/01/2015 to 7/31/2017 were retrospectively recorded. Patients who had a major bleeding complication were identified. The risk of complication as a function of SBP, DBP, and MAP was statistically analyzed, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Of 1689 biopsies, there were 10 bleeding complications (10/1689, 0.59%). There was no statistically significant difference between biopsies with complication compared to those without complication based on SBP (p = 0.351), DBP (p = 0.088), or MAP (p = 0.132). Using risk dichotomization criteria, the odds ratio for hemorrhagic complication when the patient had SBP ≥ 180 mmHg and DBP ≥ 95 mmHg was 75.63 (95% CI 6.87-516.8, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The rate of hemorrhagic complication from renal transplant biopsy is low, and there is no statistically significant threshold for increased biopsy risk based on SBP, DBP, or MAP alone. The risk of complication was significantly higher only when both the SBP is ≥ 180 mmHg and DBP is ≥ 95 mmHg.
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Quencer KB, Anand K. Kidney Tissue Biopsy. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2021; 24:100775. [PMID: 34895708 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvir.2021.100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Kidney tissue biopsy is a commonly performed procedure which is valuable in the work-up for patients with medical renal disease and renal transplant. This article will review indications, contraindications, technique and potential complications of kidney biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith B Quencer
- Division of Interventional Radiology, University of Utah Department of Radiology, Salt Lake City, UT.
| | - Keshav Anand
- Division of Interventional Radiology, University of Utah Department of Radiology, Salt Lake City, UT
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Peters B, Afghahi H, Maitlo S, Hadimeri H. Risk factors for biopsy complications in initial versus subsequent biopsies in native and transplant kidneys. Acta Radiol 2021; 62:1426-1432. [PMID: 33095648 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120966687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies exist about risk factors for complications in subsequent biopsies. PURPOSE To explore risk factors for complications in initial versus subsequent biopsies in native and transplant kidneys, which may predict biopsy complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a multicenter study, 2830 native kidney biopsies (4.3% subsequent) were analyzed for major complications (1251 of these were also analyzed for minor) and 667 transplant kidney biopsies (29% subsequent) were analyzed for major and minor complications. No death or nephrectomy were described. Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, chi-square analyses, and univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were employed; P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In initial native kidney biopsies, the frequency of major complications was higher in women compared to men (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.2), in younger patients (50 vs. 54 years, P = 0.007), and in patients with lower weight (78 vs. 82 kg, P = 0.005). In subsequent native kidney biopsies, patients with major complications had a higher systolic blood pressure (145 vs. 132 mmHg, P = 0.03). In initial transplant kidney biopsies, biopsies with major complications had less glomeruli in the biopsy (17 vs. 24, P = 0.046). In subsequent transplant kidney biopsies, patients with major complications had a higher mean arterial pressure (112 vs. 98 mmHg, P = 0.002). In subsequent native kidney biopsies, there was a higher number of SLE-nephritis (12% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.001) compared to initial biopsies. CONCLUSION The different types of risk factors for complications in initial versus subsequent renal biopsies could be important for the clinicians to improve patients' safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Peters
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henri Afghahi
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Salar Maitlo
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hadimeri
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
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Preprocedural Hypertension Is Not a Risk Factor for Postoperative Bleeding following Image-Guided Core Needle Breast Biopsy. Radiol Res Pract 2021; 2021:9634938. [PMID: 34532142 PMCID: PMC8440099 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9634938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association between preprocedural hypertension and the risk of prolonged bleeding following image-guided core needle breast biopsy in nonpregnant/nonlactating women. Methods A single institution-based, retrospective cohort study of 400 women who underwent image-guided core needle breast biopsy was conducted. Males and pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Preprocedural systolic or diastolic blood pressure greater than 140 or 90 mm of Hg, respectively, was defined as hypertension. Prolonged bleeding was defined >15 minutes of local, manual pressure required to achieve hemostasis following the biopsy. Severe bleeding complications defined as clinical significant hematoma formation, prolonged bleeding requiring an ER visit, hospitalization, or surgical intervention were also recorded. Results The difference in the mean time for which manual pressure was held after biopsy for patients with and without preprocedural hypertension was not statistically significant (13 ± 7 vs. 13 ± 8 minutes, respectively, P = 0.856). There was no difference in the number of patients requiring manual postoperative pressure >15 minutes between those with preprocedural hypertension and the normotensive patients (13% vs. 12%, respectively, P = 0.765). Bivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant association between prolonged bleeding and current antithrombotic or antiplatelet medication use (P = 0.010), the use of stereotactic guidance (P = 0.019), and a tethered vacuum-assisted device (P = 0.045). The use of a tethered vacuum-assisted biopsy device was the only variable associated with prolonged bleeding in the multivariate model (P = 0.044). Conclusion Preprocedural hypertension is not a risk factor for prolonged bleeding following image-guided core needle breast biopsies in nonpregnant/nonlactating women.
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Zhou W, Herwald SE, Uppot RN, Arellano RS. Thermal Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Patients With Morbid Obesity: Assessment of Technique, Safety, and Oncologic Outcomes. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021; 216:989-996. [PMID: 32755206 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.20.23803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Obesity is a worldwide problem that impacts patient health as well as the morbidity associated with surgical procedures. Thus, patients with morbid obesity may not be suitable candidates for curative surgery. For this patient population, thermal ablation may be an effective alternative to nephrectomy. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, oncologic outcomes, and survival of patients with morbid obesity and renal cell carcinoma treated with thermal ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis was performed of 107 patients treated with CT-guided renal ablation for clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma between February 2005 and December 2017. Patients were stratified into two cohorts on body mass index of ≥ 40 kg/m2 (morbidly obese) and body mass index (weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) of ≥ 40 (morbidly obese) and 18.5-24.9 (normal weight). Anesthetic and radiation dosages, procedure time, residual disease, and local recurrence, and adverse events were analyzed between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier statistics were used to evaluate cancer-related outcomes for each group. RESULTS. Thirty-four patients were morbidly obese, and 73 patients had normal weight. Morbid obesity was associated with longer procedural duration (p = .001), sedative doses (p = .002) and radiation exposure (p = .001) than normal weight. Hematomas were more prevalent in patients with morbid obesity than in those of normal weight (p = .01), but treatment efficacy and local recurrences were comparable with those for normal-weight individuals (p = .81 and p = .12, respectively). Cancer-related outcomes were equivalent between the two groups based on 5 years of imaging observation data. CONCLUSION. CT-guided thermal ablation remains technically feasible, well-tolerated, and effective in patients with morbid obesity and renal cell carcinoma, with the caveat of increased risk of perinephric hematoma, anesthesia dose, and radiation exposure. CLINICAL IMPACT. CT-guided thermal ablation can be considered a safe and effective treatment for renal cell carcinoma in patients with morbid obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Raul N Uppot
- Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, GRB 293, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ronald S Arellano
- Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, GRB 293, Boston, MA 02114
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Xu J, Wu X, Xu Y, Ren H, Wang W, Chen W, Shen P, Li X, Shi H, Xie J, Chen X, Zhang W, Pan X. Acute Kidney Disease Increases the Risk of Post-Kidney Biopsy Bleeding Complications. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 45:873-882. [PMID: 33105145 DOI: 10.1159/000509443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney biopsy, providing the insightful information for most kidney diseases, is an invasive diagnostic tool with certain risks ranging from the least severe macroscopic hematuria to the most severe life-threatening bleeding necessitating renal artery embolization. We aimed to compare the postbiopsy bleeding complications between 2 common methods and to further explore the risk factors of bleeding complications in patients using the negative pressure suction puncture (NPS) method. METHODS We retrospectively collected the data from percutaneous native kidney biopsies in 2016. The clinical, laboratory tests, pathological findings, and the occurrence of bleeding complications following kidney biopsy were analyzed. The kidney biopsy was performed in our center by experienced nephrologists with 2 different methods, namely, NPS method and real-time ultrasound-guided needle (RTU) method. We compared rates of complications between 2 methods and evaluated univariate and multivariate association of risk factors with bleeding complications in the NPS group. RESULTS 626 kidney biopsies were performed between January 2016 and December 2016. There were 83.2% (521/626) participants in the NPS group and 16.8% (105/626) in the RTU group. There were more participants in the RTU group needing >1 needle pass during biopsy than those in the NPS group (61.0 vs. 14.7%, p < 0.001). Acute kidney disease (AKD) occurred before the procedure of kidney biopsy accounted for 13.8% (72/521) in the NPS group and 1.9% (2/105) in the RTU group. The renal pathological findings revealed higher number of glomeruli in the NPS group than in the RTU group (26.8 ± 13.0 vs. 17.2 ± 8.6, p < 0.001). The incidence of bleeding complications in the NPS group was lower than that in the RTU group (9.2 vs. 21.9%, p < 0.01). Logistic multivariate regression showed that AKD was independently associated with bleeding complications after kidney biopsy in the NPS group. CONCLUSION Regarding the bleeding risk, there was noninferiority of NPS over RTU. AKD contributes to higher risks of bleeding complications after kidney biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaowen Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingyan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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14
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Çildağ MB, Gök M, Abdullayev O. Pre-procedural shear wave elastography on prediction of hemorrhage after percutaneous real-time ultrasound-guided renal biopsy. Radiol Med 2020; 125:784-789. [PMID: 32200456 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-020-01176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between renal elasticity which was determined with shear wave elastography (SWE) and hemorrhage in patients who undergone percutaneous renal parenchyma biopsy (PRB). MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 60 patients who were performed ultrasound-guided PRB after the B-mode ultrasonography and SWE assessment were recruited in this study. All patients' serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and coagulation tests before PRB were obtained from medical records. The patients were divided into two groups who did and did not develop hemorrhage after PRB. We investigated whether there was any statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of laboratory findings, B-mode ultrasonographic measurements and SWE measurements. RESULTS Of the 60 patients, 23 (38.3%) had post-procedure hemorrhage and 37 (61.7%) had not. Mean hemorrhage size was 17.04 mm (7-50 mm). The mean value of renal cortical shear wave velocity of all patients was 1.91 m/s (0.96-3.57 m/sn). Patients with post-procedure hemorrhage had significantly lower mean shear wave velocity compared with patients with no hemorrhage (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis suggested that the optimum SWV cutoff point for hemorrhage presence was 1.21 m/sn, with 39.1% sensitivity and 97.3% specificity. There was no other statistically significant demographic, ultrasonographic or laboratory value differences between two groups. CONCLUSION Although shear wave velocities have low sensitivity for hemorrhage after renal biopsy, high specificity and statistically significant difference in hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage group suggest that patients who have lower renal cortical shear wave velocity have a tendency to hemorrhage after PRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Burak Çildağ
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09100, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Gök
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09100, Turkey
| | - Oguz Abdullayev
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09100, Turkey
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15
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Palsson R, Short SAP, Kibbelaar ZA, Amodu A, Stillman IE, Rennke HG, McMahon GM, Waikar SS. Bleeding Complications After Percutaneous Native Kidney Biopsy: Results From the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:511-518. [PMID: 32274455 PMCID: PMC7136322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The major risk of kidney biopsy is severe bleeding. Numerous risk factors for bleeding after biopsy have been reported, but findings have been inconsistent. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of adult patients enrolled in a native kidney biopsy cohort study to identify major bleeding events (red blood cell [RBC] transfusions, invasive procedures, kidney loss, or death). We used logistic and linear regression models to identify characteristics associated with postbiopsy RBC transfusions and decline in hemoglobin within a week after the procedure. Results Major bleeding events occurred in 28 of 644 (4.3%) patients (28 required an RBC transfusion, 4 underwent angiographic intervention, and 1 had open surgery to control bleeding). No patient lost a kidney or died because of the biopsy. Postbiopsy RBC transfusion risk was driven by the baseline hemoglobin level (odds ratio [OR] 13.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.4–34.1 for hemoglobin <10 vs. ≥10 g/dl). After adjusting for hemoglobin, no other patient characteristics were independently associated with RBC transfusions. Female sex (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04–0.32), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (β = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.14–0.49), and baseline hemoglobin (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13, per g/dl increase) were independently associated with a larger drop in hemoglobin. Histopathologic lesions were not independently associated with major bleeding after biopsy. Conclusion Biopsies were generally well tolerated. Baseline hemoglobin was the dominant risk factor for RBC transfusions, but female sex and eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were also associated with a larger decline in hemoglobin after the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnar Palsson
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Nephrology, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Samuel A P Short
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zoe A Kibbelaar
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Afolarin Amodu
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Helmut G Rennke
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gearoid M McMahon
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Bakdash K, Schramm KM, Annam A, Brown M, Kondo K, Lindquist JD. Complications of Percutaneous Renal Biopsy. Semin Intervent Radiol 2019; 36:97-103. [PMID: 31123379 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous renal biopsy is widely used for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of nephropathies. Complications may arise after renal biopsy, most commonly in the form of bleeding. Efforts should be taken to optimize modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathy prior to the procedure. Unmodifiable risk factors such as poor renal function, gender, and underlying histologic diagnosis may be used to identify high-risk patients. Delayed presentation of bleeding complications is common, and close clinical follow-up is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenaz Bakdash
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kristofer M Schramm
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Aparna Annam
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Matthew Brown
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kimi Kondo
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jonathan D Lindquist
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
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17
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Moledina DG, Luciano RL, Kukova L, Chan L, Saha A, Nadkarni G, Alfano S, Wilson FP, Perazella MA, Parikh CR. Kidney Biopsy-Related Complications in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13:1633-1640. [PMID: 30348813 PMCID: PMC6237071 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.04910418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients are informed of the risk of kidney biopsy-related complications using data from nonhospitalized patients, which may underestimate the risk for hospitalized patients. We evaluated the rate and risk factors of kidney biopsy-related complications in hospitalized patients with acute kidney disease (AKD) to better estimate the risk in this population. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We used data from the Yale biopsy cohort to evaluate rates of kidney biopsy-related complications including adjudicated procedure-related bleeding requiring blood transfusions or angiographic interventions, medium- or large-sized hematomas, reimaging after biopsy including abdominal ultrasonography or computed tomography, and death in hospitalized patients with AKD (including AKI). We evaluated univariable and multivariable association of risk factors with transfusions. We compared rates of complications between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2017, 159 hospitalized patients underwent a kidney biopsy for AKD evaluation, of which 80 (51%) had stage 1 AKI, 42 (27%) had stage 2 (or higher) AKI, and 27 (17%) had AKD (without AKI). Of these, 12 (8%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 5% to 15%) required a transfusion, three (2%; 95% CI, 1% to 5%) required an intervention, 11 (7%; 95% CI, 4% to 12%) had hematoma, and 31 (20%; 95% CI, 14% to 26%) required reimaging after biopsy. Of the four (3%; 95% CI, 1% to 6%) deaths during hospitalization, none were related to the biopsy. Female sex, lower platelet count, and higher BUN were associated with postbiopsy transfusions on univariable and multivariable analyses. Trainee as proceduralist and larger needle gauge were associated with transfusions in univariable, but not multivariable, analysis. Nonhospitalized patients had lower rates of transfusion than hospitalized patients, although the latter also had lower prebiopsy hemoglobin and greater surveillance after biopsy. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalized patients experience higher risk of postbiopsy complications than previously reported and several factors, such as lower platelet count, female sex, and higher BUN, are associated with this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis G. Moledina
- Sections of Nephrology and
- Program of Applied Translational Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Lidiya Kukova
- Sections of Nephrology and
- Program of Applied Translational Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lili Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Aparna Saha
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; and
| | | | | | - F. Perry Wilson
- Sections of Nephrology and
- Program of Applied Translational Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Chirag R. Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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18
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Schuster AH, Reimann N. [Biopsies of kidney lesions: when and how?]. Radiologe 2018; 58:906-913. [PMID: 30291407 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-018-0459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The demand for image-guided renal biopsy has increased due to the better detection of renal lesions; however, despite modern imaging techniques many small renal tumors cannot be classified as benign because they cannot be differentiated from renal cell carcinoma. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT)-guided kidney biopsy is a safe and accurate method in the diagnostics of renal lesions and can be helpful in the selection of new ablative and pharmaceutical forms of treatment and avoid unnecessary operations. This article describes the clinical indications for an image-guided biopsy and discusses factors which should be considered when performing a biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Schuster
- Lehrabteilung der Universität Innsbruck, Abteilung Radiologie, University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck, Landeskrankenhaus Bregenz, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Carl-Pedenz-Straße 2, 6900, Bregenz, Österreich.
| | - N Reimann
- Lehrabteilung der Universität Innsbruck, Abteilung Radiologie, University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck, Landeskrankenhaus Bregenz, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Carl-Pedenz-Straße 2, 6900, Bregenz, Österreich
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19
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Lin YC, Hwu Y, Huang GS, Hsiao M, Lee TT, Yang SM, Lee TK, Chen NY, Yang SS, Chen A, Ka SM. Differential synchrotron X-ray imaging markers based on the renal microvasculature for tubulointerstitial lesions and glomerulopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3488. [PMID: 28615647 PMCID: PMC5471266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution synchrotron microtomography capable of revealing microvessels in three dimensional (3D) establishes distinct imaging markers of mouse kidney disease strongly associated to renal tubulointerstitial (TI) lesions and glomerulopathy. Two complementary mouse models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), were used and five candidates of unique 3D imaging markers were identified. Our characterization to differentially reflect the altered microvasculature of renal TI lesions and/or glomerulopathy demonstrated these image features can be used to differentiate the disease status and the possible cause therefore qualified as image markers. These 3D imaging markers were further correlated with the histopathology and renal microvessel-based molecular study using antibodies against vascular endothelial cells (CD31), the connective tissue growth factor or the vascular endothelial growth factor. We also found that these 3D imaging markers individually characterize the development of renal TI lesions or glomerulopathy, quantitative and integrated use of all of them provide more information for differentiating the two renal conditions. Our findings thus establish a practical strategy to characterize the CKD-associated renal injuries by the microangiography-based 3D imaging and highlight the impact of dysfunctional microvasculature as a whole on the pathogenesis of the renal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeukuang Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Tse Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Min Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Kuo Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Yow Chen
- National Center for High-Performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ann Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Kakarala B, Frangakis CE, Rodriguez R, Georgiades CS. Hemorrhagic Complications of Percutaneous Cryoablation for Renal Tumors: Results from a 7-year Prospective Study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2016; 39:1604-1610. [PMID: 27435583 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-016-1419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cryoablation of renal tumors is assumed to have a higher risk of hemorrhagic complications compared to other ablative modalities. Our purpose was to establish the exact risk and to identify hemorrhagic risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This IRB approved, 7-year prospective study included 261 renal cryoablations. Procedures were under conscious sedation and CT guidance. Pre- and postablation CT was obtained, and hemorrhagic complications were CTCAE tabulated. Age, gender, tumor size, histology, and probes number were tested based on averages or proportions using their exact permutation distribution. "High-risk" subgroups (those exceeding the thresholds of all variables) were tested for each variable alone, and for all combinations of variable threshold values. We compared the subgroup with the best PPV using one variable, with the subgroup with the best PPV using all variables (McNemmar test). RESULTS The hemorrhagic complication rate was 3.5 %. Four patients required transfusions, two required emergent angiograms, one required both a transfusion and angiogram, and two required bladder irrigation for outlet obstruction. Perirenal space hemorrhage was more clinically significant than elsewhere. Univariate risks were tumor size >2 cm, number of probes >2, and malignant histology (P = 0.005, 0.002, and 0.033, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that patients >55 years with malignant tumors >2 cm requiring 2 or more probes yielded the highest PPV (7.5 %). CONCLUSIONS Although older patients (>55 years old) with larger (>2 cm), malignant tumors have an increased risk of hemorrhagic complications, the low PPV does not support the routine use of embolization. Percutaneous cryoablation has a 3.5 % risk of significant hemorrhage, similar to that reported for other types of renal ablative modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Kakarala
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Constantine E Frangakis
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ron Rodriguez
- Urologic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christos S Georgiades
- Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street-Sheikh Zayed Tower-Suite 7203, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Abstract
Percutaneous urologic biopsy is a safe and effective technique and can comprise a significant proportion of the daily workload of the interventional radiologist. This article discusses the indications and rationale for the performance of renal, ureter, and bladder biopsy as well as the approach to performing such biopsies, pitfalls, and potential complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Kilcoyne
- Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Debra A Gervais
- Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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22
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Potretzke TA, Gunderson TM, Aamodt D, Weisbrod AJ, Hesley GK, Welch TJ, Atwell TD. Incidence of bleeding complications after percutaneous core needle biopsy in hypertensive patients and comparison to normotensive patients. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016; 41:637-42. [PMID: 26826087 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively determine the rate of major bleeding complications after solid organ or lung biopsy in patients with hypertension and compare to the rates of bleeding in normotensive patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following IRB approval, retrospective review of all solid organ and lung biopsies performed at our institution between June 1st, 2013 and October 31st, 2015 was performed. Hypertension was defined as a maximum observed systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or greater and/or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or greater at the time of the biopsy procedure. Bleeding complications were defined using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 4.0) established by the National Cancer Institute. RESULTS 4756 total biopsies in 3876 unique patients (median age 60, 57% male) were included. 1488 (31.3%) of these biopsies were performed in hypertensive patients. Fifteen major hemorrhages (CTCAE grade 3 or higher) occurred (0.32%). There were no deaths. There was no significant association between hypertension and major bleeding. The incidence of bleeding in hypertensive patients was 0.40% (6/1488), which was not statistically different than the incidence in normotensive patients (9/3268, 0.28%, p = 0.496). For the subgroup of native renal parenchymal biopsies, the rate of bleeding was slightly higher in hypertensive patients (3/213, 1.4% vs. 1/355, 0.28% in normotensive patients) but remained low, and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.188). CONCLUSION The overall incidence of major bleeding after percutaneous biopsy is very low. Hypertension does not appear to significantly increase the risk of major bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora A Potretzke
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Tina M Gunderson
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David Aamodt
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Adam J Weisbrod
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Gina K Hesley
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Timothy J Welch
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Thomas D Atwell
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Ave SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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23
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Kriegshauser JS, Patel MD, Young SW, Chen F, Eversman WG, Chang YHH, Smith M. Factors Contributing to the Success of Ultrasound-Guided Native Renal Biopsy. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2016; 35:381-387. [PMID: 26782168 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.05023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors contributing to the success of ultrasound-guided native renal biopsy. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients who had ultrasound-guided native renal biopsy at our institution over a 10-year period. We reviewed the imaging and electronic medical records to collect demographic information and clinical data, including pathologic results. Biopsy samples were categorized and compared on the basis of the number of glomeruli (optimal [≥20] versus suboptimal [<20]) and the pathologist's reported diagnostic confidence (high confidence versus limited confidence). Procedure details, including the operator and the use of the cortical tangential approach, were also obtained. RESULTS For 282 patients with biopsies using 18-gauge needles, the number of passes made was significantly higher for optimal (P < .001) and high-confidence (P < .001) specimens than for suboptimal and limited-confidence specimens. The cortical tangential approach was used more frequently for optimal (P< .001) and high-confidence (P = .01) specimens than for suboptimal and limited-confidence specimens. Radiologists routinely doing ultrasound-guided procedures of all types had significantly more optimal (P= .01) and high-confidence (P= .001) specimens than radiologists with limited ultrasound experience. The distance to the kidney, cortical thickness, glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index were not significant factors. CONCLUSIONS The ultrasound-guided procedural experience of the operator, taking more than 1 specimen, and the use of the cortical tangential approach significantly improved the pathologic material obtained during native renal biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Scott Kriegshauser
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA.
| | - Maitray D Patel
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - Scott W Young
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - Frederick Chen
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - William G Eversman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - Yu-Hui H Chang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - Maxwell Smith
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona USA (J.S.K., M.D.P., S.W.Y., F.C., W.G.E.); and Department of Biostatistics (Y.-H.H.C.) and Division of Anatomic Pathology (M.S.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
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