Innate and adaptive immune responses against picornaviruses and their counteractions: An overview

Table 1 Picornavirus family

Genus	Normal host organism	Including for example
Aphtovirus	Cattle, swine	Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Cardiovirus	Humans, small rodents	Encephalomyocarditis virus
		Saffold virus
Enterovirus	Humans, cattle, swine	Poliovirus
		Coxsackievirus
		Rhinovirus
Hepatovirus	Humans	Hepatitis A virus
Parechovirus	Humans, small rodents	Human Parechovirus
		Ljungan virus
Erbovirus	Horses	Equine rhinitis B virus
Kobuvirus	Cattle	Aichi virus
Teschovirus	Swine	Porcine teschovirus
Sapelovirus	Birds, swine	Avian sapelovirus
		Porcine sapelovirus
Senecavirus	Swine	Seneca valley virus
Tremovirus	Birds	Avian encephalomyelitis virus
Avihepatovirus	Birds	Duck hepatitis A virus

Some viruses infecting bats (Juruaca virus), fish (Bluegill virus), reptiles, amphibians and ticks (Sikhote Alyn virus, Syr-Dorya Valley fever virus) are not classified within a genus so far. Plant picornaviruses differ from the animal viruses in some properties and have been classified into the family Secoviruses.