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Papageorgiou V, Cullen L, Witzel TC, Sparrowhawk A, Coukan F, Sewell J, Rodger A, May C, Burns F. An (un)restricted living: a qualitative exploration of the mental health and well-being of people living with HIV in England. Soc Sci Med 2025; 377:118109. [PMID: 40306195 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
People living with HIV, who have access to treatment, now have normal life expectancy. However, stigma and discrimination continue to affect health and well-being. We conducted focus groups with people living with HIV (n = 37), and key informant interviews (n = 20) with clinical and non-clinical workers who support people with HIV between May and November 2023. We aimed to explore the ongoing challenges and concerns faced by people living with HIV in England to inform a new model of person-centred HIV care. Participants discussed living well in relation to: 1) an unrestricted living; 2) emotional sexual health and intimacy well-being; and 3) autonomy of health and healthcare. Aspirations for an unrestricted living revolved around experiencing life in the same way as others, rather than having to compromise a sense of self or negotiate experiences differently due to their HIV status. Participants also shared a desire to live fulfilled sex lives without fear of being stigmatised due to living with HIV, and of feeling deserving of a satisfying sex life and sexual intimacy. There was also a particular anxiety about sharing an HIV status with new sexual partners. Conversations around sex and intimacy needed to be opened up to cover topics including pleasure and sexual wellness. A compromised autonomy of health referred to physical health; for example, the need for daily medication. Autonomy of healthcare referred to the challenges of negotiating an often fragmented and fractured healthcare service. Some shared experiences of discrimination by non-HIV healthcare workers and a requirement to advocate for their needs which is a specific challenge for marginalised groups. Person-centred care, which uses an intersectional approach to delivering HIV care, would respond to the needs and aspirations of people with HIV and their whole self. This offers the potential to address HIV-related stigma which continues to hinder progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucy Cullen
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - T Charles Witzel
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK; Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | | | - Flavien Coukan
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK; Patient Experience Research Centre, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Janey Sewell
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK
| | - Alison Rodger
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Carl May
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Fiona Burns
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Ramadan A, Chamidah N, Budiantara IN, Lestari B, Aydin D. Method for modelling the number of HIV and AIDS cases using least square spline Biresponse nonparametric negative binomial regression. MethodsX 2025; 14:103336. [PMID: 40395932 PMCID: PMC12090237 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025] Open
Abstract
We propose a new statistical modeling method to analyze functional relationship between predictor variables and correlated response variables, and apply it for modeling the number of HIV and AIDS cases influenced by early-age marriages and contraceptive users. The proposed method is LS-Spline BNNBR that is a Biresponse Nonparametric Negative Binomial Regression (BNNBR) based on least squares spline (LS-Spline). To validate the proposed method, we compare it with classical method, namely Ordinary Least Square Biresponse Parametric Negative Binomial Regression (OLS-BPNBR). The results show that the LS-Spline BNNBR method provided deviance value of 7.542334 which is smaller than that of OLS-BPNBR method, namely 7.993935. Thus, the proposed method has better prediction fit than the classical method.•This study discusses new statistical modeling method for the number of HIV and AIDS cases influenced by early-age marriages and contraceptive users where the response variables are correlated with each other.•The model estimation results show that the number of HIV and AIDS cases in Indonesia will decrease if the early-age marriages percentage increases and the contraceptive users percentage decreases.•The results are useful to provide a scientific basis for making policies to control the number of HIV and AIDS cases in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arip Ramadan
- Doctoral Study Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Information System Study Program, Department of Industrial and System Engineering, Telkom University Surabaya Campus, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia
| | - Nur Chamidah
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Research Group of Statistical Modeling in Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - I Nyoman Budiantara
- Statistics Department, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| | - Budi Lestari
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
| | - Dursun Aydin
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
- Research Scholar at Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Algoma Blvd, Oshkosh, WI 54901, USA
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Sousa G, Padilha JMDSC, Costa P, Abreu WJC. Relationship between social support and psychological symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS, at risk of developing HIV - associated dementia. AIDS Care 2025:1-11. [PMID: 40392768 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2025.2474677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025]
Abstract
People living with HIV/AIDS often present neuropsychiatric symptoms, including cognitive and mood-related manifestations. Social support helps to cope with adverse events related to mental health. We aimed to analyze the relationship between satisfaction with social support and psychological symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS at risk of developing HIV-associated dementia. An observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted. Assessment instruments included: sociodemographic questionnaire; Social Support Scale for People Living with HIV [Seidl & Tróccoli, 2006. Development of a scale for the social support evaluation in HIV/AIDS. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 22(3), 317-326.], Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) [Canavarro, 1999. Psychopathological Symptom Inventory - BSI. In M. G. M. R. Simões, & L. S. Almeida (Eds.), Psychological tests and tests in Portugal (Vol. II, pp. 87-109). SHO/APPORT.]; and International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). The sample consisted of 255 participants with a mean age of 48.16 years, 80.8% male, 68.6% living mostly with someone else. The strongest correlation was between the perception of availability of emotional support and availability of instrumental support, r (255) = 0.992; p < 0.001. Individuals with higher satisfaction with perceived emotional support had fewer psychological symptoms. Those with a higher Global Severity Index score on the BSI had a higher risk of dementia. An association was found between symptoms of psychological distress and a higher likelihood of developing HIV-related dementia. To reduce the risk of HIV-associated dementia, it is imperative to improve social support networks, which can serve as a vital clinical strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberta Sousa
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Porto, Portugal
- University of Madeira - Higher School of Health, Funchal, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - University of Madeira Center, Funchal, Portugal
| | | | - Patrício Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Paris B, Batioja K, Lin V, Hartwell M. Evaluating equity reporting within systematic reviews of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Sex Transm Infect 2025; 101:224-228. [PMID: 39779347 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2024-056306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medicine that can reduce HIV transmission. Given the disproportionate impact of HIV on minority communities, health equity is an important consideration in PrEP research. We aimed to assess equity reporting in systematic reviews of PrEP using the PROGRESS Plus framework. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase and Cochrane databases for systematic reviews or meta analyses of PrEP usage. We then used the PROGRESS Plus framework to extract inclusion of the following domains: place of residence, race/ethnicity/culture/language, occupation, gender/sex, religion, education, socioeconomic status, social capital, age and disability. RESULTS After screening search articles, our sample included 36 systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs). 24 (66.7%) were conducted within the USA. Few (2/36, 5.6%) were found to mention adherence to any equity reporting framework. Place and gender/sex were the most reported elements of the framework with inclusion in 34 of 36 studies. Age (30/36, 83.3%) and race/ethnicity (24/36, 66.7%) were also commonly reported. All other criteria were reported in less than half of included SRMAs; religion had the lowest inclusion at 0/36 (0%), followed by disability (1/36, 2.8%). Among the 36 SRMAs, 19 (52.78%) did not conduct any subgroup analyses among domains; those most commonly analysed were gender/sex and age. CONCLUSION Our study found nearly all SRMAs regarding HIV PrEP reported on gender/sex and age; however, other influential equity criteria were often overlooked. Further attention to the reporting of PROGRESS Plus items within these SRMAs may reduce barriers for PrEP utilisation, thus improving HIV prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Paris
- Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kelsi Batioja
- Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Vanessa Lin
- Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Micah Hartwell
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
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Tan Y, Ma Z, Cao Q, Gao SC, Xiong Y. Prevalence of common mental disorders and sleep disorder among adolescents and young adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2025; 15:e093320. [PMID: 40379341 PMCID: PMC12083388 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/19/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with HIV are a population at high risk of experiencing mental issues and sleep disorder. We aim to summarise the global prevalence and risks of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sleep disorder among AYA with HIV. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and PsycINFO were searched from inception to 3 August 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Observational studies reporting the prevalence of depression, anxiety, PTSD or sleep disorder among AYA with HIV and published in English were included. Reviews, case reports, conference papers, notes, editorials and non-observational research were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Titles, abstracts and full texts were reviewed and screened, and data were independently extracted. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate study quality. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2 statistics, and subgroup analysis was performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence and the risks of depression, anxiety, PTSD and sleep disorder by comparison with HIV-uninfected peers were measured with random-effects and fixed-effects models. Publication bias was examined using Egger's correlation tests and funnel plot. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation was used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS 56 articles were included in the final analysis. According to the modified NOS, 13 (23.2%) studies were considered good, 38 (67.9%) were satisfactory and 5 (8.9%) were unsatisfactory. 51 studies including 21 735 AYA with HIV contributed data for the pooled prevalence of depression (28%, 95% CI 24% to 32%, I2=98.68%; low certainty evidence); 21 studies including 8021 cases contributed data for the pooled prevalence of anxiety (22%, 95% CI 17% to 27%, I2=98.35%; low certainty evidence); 9 studies including 3691 cases contributed data for the pooled prevalence of PTSD (12%, 95% CI 8% to 17%, I2=95.60%; low certainty evidence); and 4 studies including 1909 cases contributed data for the pooled prevalence of sleep disorder (51%, 95% CI 31% to 70%, I2=98.37%; low certainty evidence). Compared with AYA without HIV, those with HIV had a higher risk of depression (OR=2.67, 95% CI 1.63 to 5.90, I2=84.0%), anxiety (OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.69, I2=50.3%), PTSD (OR=1.58, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.04, I2=40.1%) and sleep disorder (OR=2.11, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.95, I2=0.0%). A subgroup analysis found that studies conducted in Asia had a lower prevalence of depression (21.7% vs 29.6%, p<0.001) and anxiety (14.7% vs 21.9%, p<0.001) than studies conducted in Africa. Egger's test indicated that there was significant publication bias in the estimates of the prevalence of depression (p<0.001), anxiety (p<0.001) and PTSD (p=0.049), but not in the estimates of the prevalence of sleep disorder (p=0.861). CONCLUSIONS AYA with HIV are a population at high risk of experiencing depression, anxiety, PTSD and sleep disorder. More sensitive screening strategies and more comprehensive intervention methods are needed. However, in view of the high heterogeneity, the differences between studies need to be considered and the pooled estimates interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tan
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shi-Cheng Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Parcesepe AM, Grimes KEL, Ebasone PV, Dzudie A, Wainberg ML, Pefura E, Yotebieng M, Anastos K, Nsame D, Nyenti A, Nash D. Mental health-related help-seeking and the role of HIV care providers: A qualitative study with people with HIV in Cameroon. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2025; 5:e0004597. [PMID: 40373052 PMCID: PMC12080824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 05/17/2025]
Abstract
Mental health disorders are common among people with HIV (PWH), and the overwhelming majority of PWH with mental health disorders do not receive evidence-based mental health care. One promising strategy to increase access to evidence-based mental health care for PWH is to integrate mental health screening and treatment for common mental disorders and unhealthy drinking into HIV care. However, little is known about how PWH view the role of HIV care providers in supporting their mental health or their experiences with mental health-related help-seeking. We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 PWH at three HIV treatment centers in Cameroon. Interviews were conducted in French or English. French transcripts were translated to English for analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify key factors that influenced mental health-related help-seeking and respondents' preferred roles of HIV care providers. Overall, participants reported that they were less likely to seek support from medical providers for mental health compared to physical health needs. Previous positive contact with providers facilitated mental health help-seeking intentions among participants. Health facility characteristics, including limited provider availability, concerns about privacy and confidentiality, and high clinic volume were noted as barriers to mental health help-seeking at HIV facilities. Participants consistently reported that they desired positive, caring interactions with HIV care providers and clinic staff and noted that providers could play a critical role in helping PWH accept their HIV diagnosis and address HIV-related stigma and material needs. Overall, this sample of PWH in Cameroon reported that mental health-related help-seeking was limited in HIV care settings, but identified strategies that have the potential to enhance mental health related-help seeking in HIV care settings and may improve the mental health of PWH. The extent to which such strategies enhance mental health help-seeking and improve mental health should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Parcesepe
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kathryn E. L. Grimes
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Anastase Dzudie
- Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Milton L. Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Marcel Yotebieng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Denis Nsame
- Bamenda Regional Hospital, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | | | - Denis Nash
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York New York, United States of America
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Garland JM, Mayan H, Kantor R. Treatment of Advanced HIV in the Modern Era. Drugs 2025:10.1007/s40265-025-02181-1. [PMID: 40354016 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-025-02181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic condition. However, despite remarkable progress, the HIV epidemic remains a global health challenge, with ambitious targets such as 95-95-95 by 2030 at risk of being unmet. While antiretroviral therapy availability has expanded worldwide, gaps persist, including unawareness of HIV status, inconsistent medication uptake, and limited engagement in care across diverse settings. Advanced HIV represents a particularly challenging yet underexplored aspect of HIV care. Its definition is complex, complicating efforts to address the needs of this vulnerable population. This review characterizes advanced HIV populations, defines them by spectra of immune suppression, antiretroviral therapy exposure, and drug resistance, and explores contemporary approaches to their management, with a particular focus on drug resistance and its clinical implications in modern HIV care. It highlights the unique challenges faced by individuals presenting late to care, those with limited care engagement, and aging populations with long-term exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy. By defining these populations, refining our understanding of advanced HIV, and addressing the diverse needs of affected individuals, providers can enhance outcomes and develop strategies to overcome barriers to care. Bridging these critical gaps is essential to advancing global efforts to end the HIV epidemic, both in the USA and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Garland
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Haim Mayan
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rami Kantor
- The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
- Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Dungca-Lorilla AM, Mootz J, Melgar MI, Tanuecoz RE, Dizon TJ, Sohn AH, Ditangco R. Acceptability and feasibility of a task-shifted collaborative care model for depression and anxiety in primary HIV clinics in the Philippines: a qualitative inquiry. BMC Health Serv Res 2025; 25:658. [PMID: 40341045 PMCID: PMC12060449 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-025-12703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety can greatly impact the overall health of a person living with HIV (PLHIV). Management of mental health disorder should be an integral part of HIV care. The Collaborative Care Model (CoCM) is an evidence-based model of care that integrates mental health in primary care. This study aimed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of implementing the CoCM for depression and anxiety in HIV clinics in the Philippines using HIV counsellors as care managers. METHODS We conducted a descriptive qualitative study by facilitating focus group discussions (n = 7) and key informant interviews (n = 18) with 53 HIV and mental health stakeholders, including PLHIV (n = 20), HIV counsellors (n = 11), physicians (n = 10), clinic heads (n = 4), policy makers (n = 4), and mental health providers (n = 4) from August 2021 to March 2022. Participants were recruited from 17 HIV clinics in the Philippines. We employed a thematic analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains as themes. RESULTS Almost all PLHIV participants were men (95%), with a mean age of 28 years. The other stakeholders had a mean age of 44 and had worked in their field for an average of 8 years. Overall, 58% were women. Factors that influenced the acceptability of the CoCM included the possibility of increased access to mental health services with a more holistic care team. Perceived barriers included inadequate numbers of psychiatrists, an overburdened and understaffed HIV workforce, low mental health knowledge among HIV providers, and implementation cost. Perceived facilitators were willingness of HIV providers to provide care and knowledge of HIV counselling. CONCLUSION We found the CoCM to be acceptable among study participants. Recommendations included capacity building for HIV providers, collaborations within and across clinics to facilitate access to psychiatrists, clear management protocols, and pilot testing. Mental health and HIV care coverage within national policies should be amended to allow for non-mental health specialists to provide low-intensity therapies. Closer partnerships among HIV and mental health policy makers would improve integration implementation.
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Grants
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- CHIMERA; D43TW011302 amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health's Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
- amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health’s Fogarty International Center and the National Institute of Mental Health
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Mootz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy John Dizon
- Medical Department, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Annette H Sohn
- TREAT Asia, Amfar- the Foundation for AIDS Research, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rossana Ditangco
- Medical Department, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Manila, Philippines
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Brooks MA, Rodwin AH, Gwadz M, Wilton L, Serrano S, Sherpa D, Cleland CM, Munson MR. Black and Latinx Foreign- and US-Born Young and Emerging Adults Living with HIV: Examining Social Ecological Risk Factors and Their Association with Depression, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and Comorbid Depression/PTSD. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2025:10.1007/s40615-025-02458-x. [PMID: 40335850 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-025-02458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper examines depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and comorbid depression/PTSD among Black and Latinx young and emerging adults (YEA) living with HIV. We incorporated a social-ecological framework to examine risk factors associated with mental health conditions, comparing foreign and US-born groups. METHODS We used a hybrid recruitment strategy and surveyed 271 Black and Latinx YEA (ages 19-28 years) living with HIV in the Eastern USA. We used multivariable logistic regressions and hypothesized certain individual, interpersonal, community/societal risk factors would be positively associated with depression, PTSD, and comorbid depression/PTSD. RESULTS Participants experienced elevated rates of depression (33.9%), PTSD (34.0%), and comorbid depression/PTSD (19.1%). Contrary to our hypothesis, US-born participants had significantly higher rates of mental health conditions compared to foreign-born participants. At the individual-level, foreign-born was associated with lower comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 0.38 (95% CI 0.15, 0.97)], cisgender with lower comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 0.42 (95% CI 0.18, 0.99)], greater number of Adverse Childhood Experiences with PTSD [OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.08, 1.29)], and comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 1.28 (95% CI 1.12, 1.47)], while moderate/high substance use with depression [OR 2.30 (95% CI 1.01, 5.25)] and comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 3.74 (95% CI 1.07, 13.03)]. At the interpersonal-level, lower social support was associated with higher depression [OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.97, 1.00)], PTSD [OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.97, 0.99)], and comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 0.97 (95% CI 0.96, 0.99)]. At the community/societal-level, discrimination was associated with higher depression [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.02, 1.08)] and comorbid depression/PTSD [RRR 1.07 (95% CI 1.02, 1.11)]. IMPLICATIONS Understanding social-ecological risk factors associated with mental health conditions of Black and Latinx YEA living with HIV is important in determining potential avenues for targeted prevention and intervention to improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Adam Brooks
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Aaron H Rodwin
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marya Gwadz
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leo Wilton
- State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
- Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Samantha Serrano
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dawa Sherpa
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Cleland
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle R Munson
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY, USA
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Adjorlolo S, Boakye DS, Xatse E, Akorli VV, Adjorlolo PK, Battanis YY, Frempong AB, Ocansey LK, Yeboah C. Mental Health Interventions for Young People Living With HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. AIDS Res Treat 2025; 2025:5323539. [PMID: 40342493 PMCID: PMC12061527 DOI: 10.1155/arat/5323539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Young people (aged 15-24) living with HIV/AIDS (YPLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience higher rates of mental health conditions compared to their uninfected peers. Research and practitioners have expressed interest in designing and implementing mental health interventions to improve the mental health and well-being of this vulnerable population. However, there is limited effort to systematically synthesize existing evidence on mental health interventions for YPLHIV to address salient questions relating to effectiveness, characteristics, practice issues among others to inform practice, and future research endeavors. This systematic review was conducted to take stock and synthesize existing data to address the above issues. Methods: This review was conducted per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy was implemented, utilizing five electronic databases and gray literature repositories. Studies (1) from SSA that focused on young adults with HIV/AIDS and (2) examined the effectiveness of interventions designed to enhance mental health outcomes and treatment adherence were included. Two independent reviewers were involved in the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, resolving discrepancies by consensus or consultation. Data were presented using narrative syntheses. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total sample size of 1510 participants, reporting on interventions from six African countries. The interventions were categorized as follows: cognitive behavioral therapy-based, family-based, peer support, and community-based. The interventions showed mixed effectiveness for depression, with three studies demonstrating significant improvements while four showed no substantial change. The only study on improving anxiety reported promising results. Four interventions positively influenced ART adherence, although with varying magnitudes. Peer support, family-based approach, and digital (mobile phone) approaches were identified as effective strategies. Conclusions: The review showed promising approaches to improve mental health in YPLHIV, namely, through peer support, family-based, and digital (i.e., mobile phone) approaches. Although the results were mixed for depression and limited but positive for anxiety, several interventions improved ART adherence. However, the modest evidence base and varied measurement approaches necessitate more research across SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Adjorlolo
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
- Research and Grant Institute of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
| | - Dorothy Serwaa Boakye
- Department of Health Administration and Education, University of Education, Winneba, Central Region, Ghana
| | - Eugenia Xatse
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
| | | | - Paul Kwame Adjorlolo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
| | | | | | - Lydia Kaki Ocansey
- Research and Grant Institute of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
| | - Cecilia Yeboah
- Research and Grant Institute of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
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Blanch J, Martinez E, Mena Á, Dueñas C, Bernal E, Cabello A, Hayek M, Mican R, Morillo-Verdugo R, Sainz M, Conde CG, Perez-Valero I. Impact of training healthcare professionals in the detection and management of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in people with HIV: The CONECTAR project in Spain. HIV Med 2025; 26:721-733. [PMID: 39995253 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.70002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although anxiety, depression and insomnia in people with HIV (PWH) are prevalent and have a major impact on clinical outcomes and quality of life, physicians fail to evaluate them routinely. The CONECTAR Project [Neuropsychiatric Comorbidity (NPC): Key to Antiretroviral Treatment] aimed to improve NPC clinical care in PWH in Spain by upskilling healthcare professionals (HCPs). METHODS A group of HCPs developed a training programme, supported by national and international guidelines, to improve expertise on detecting and managing NPCs in PWH. The programme was conducted through workshops for physicians and nurses in various Spanish regions from April to November 2023; survey questionnaires were administered to physicians before the commencement of training and 15 days after. Later, a workshop was held for nurses who manage NPCs in PWH. RESULTS The programme was completed by 64 physicians (22 had completed both questionnaires) and 11 nurses (no feedback obtained). Feedback from physicians reflected that the programme boosted awareness and self-perception of being more qualified, knowledgeable and able to use management tools and resources. Physicians also reported improved perception of time available for visits and more frequent enquiries about patients' NPC symptoms. Despite their satisfaction with the workshops, half of the physicians recognized the need for more training. CONCLUSION The CONECTAR Project was a successful training programme that was well received and valued by HCPs who routinely manage NPCs in PWH. Institutions involved in HCP training to manage anxiety, depression and insomnia more effectively in PWH should consider similar proposals to reinforce clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Blanch
- Mental Health and Addiction Services, Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria de Lleida/Gestió de Serveis Sanitaris, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERSAM, (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Servicio de Infecciones, Hospital Clínic IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Mena
- Grupo de Virología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Dueñas
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Dermatology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Bernal
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Reina Sofía, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cabello
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcelino Hayek
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rafael Mican
- HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Department, La Paz-Carlos III University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Sainz
- Medical Affairs, Gilead Sciences, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Perez-Valero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
- Grupo de Virología y zoonosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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12
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Gutierrez JI, Nguyen ES, Soriano KD, Rodriguez Garcia L, Liu A, Wilson NL. Identifying Health Services Preferences for a Community-Based HIV Status-Neutral Mobile Clinic Among Marginalized Populations in Oakland, CA: A Maximum-Difference Analysis. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2025; 36:215-226. [PMID: 40020176 PMCID: PMC12021560 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2025]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Leveraging patient preferences can improve patient satisfaction and engagement in intentional health services. We explored desired health services preferences of marginalized populations accessing HIV-related care engagement to inform the implementation of an HIV prevention and treatment mobile clinic model. We conducted a maximum-difference survey with 154 people at community events and homeless encampments in Oakland, CA. Participants ranked 32 items in differentials of importance on a tablet, which were analyzed with Hierarchical Bayesian modeling. Fourteen services were prioritized, including housing, mental health counseling and screening, drug overdose prevention, personal hygiene, and food assistance. Participants indicated preferences for services that address basic physiological and safety needs (i.e., housing services, food, personal hygiene supplies, drug overdose treatment, and mental health support and engagement), physical examinations, screenings, and medication refills. Incorporating community-informed preferences into the development of services may improve engagement in care alongside a syndemic approach toward ending the HIV epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose I Gutierrez
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Nguyen
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kristin D Soriano
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lidia Rodriguez Garcia
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Albert Liu
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Natalie L Wilson
- Jose I. Gutierrez, Jr., PhD, FNP-BC, is an Assistant Professor, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
- Elizabeth S. Nguyen, BA, is currently a research assistant, UCSF School of Medicine Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kristin D. Soriano, MSN, RN, is currently a resident, UC Davis, and was formerly a graduate student, UCSF School of Nursing Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lidia Rodriguez Garcia, BS, is currently an assistant clinical research coordinator, UCSF Division of Prevention Science, and was formally an intern, UCSF Center for AIDS Research Scholars with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative Program, San Francisco, California, USA
- Albert Liu, MD, MPH, is a Clinical Research Director, Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
- Natalie L. Wilson, PhD, DNP, MPH, ANP-BC, is an Associate Professor, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, California, USA
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13
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Harkness A, Morales V, Grealis K, Reyes N, Feaster DJ, Safren S, Turner D, Balise RR. Implementation Determinants of PrEP and Behavioral Health Treatment Referral among HIV Test Counselors. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:1492-1506. [PMID: 39881020 PMCID: PMC12031914 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-025-04620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an effective biomedical prevention intervention, is not sufficiently reaching populations experiencing high HIV incidence. Behavioral health (BH) treatment addressing mental health and substance use similarly requires increased reach to HIV-affected populations. HIV testing is an opportunity to refer individuals to PrEP and BH treatment. This study, conducted in Miami-Dade County, FL, a domestic HIV epicenter, aimed to assess (1) self-reported rates at which HIV test counselors refer clients to PrEP and BH treatment, (2) barriers and facilitators to PrEP and BH treatment referral, and (3) the relationship between barriers and facilitators and test counselors' referral rates. Among 127 HIV test counselors, the average PrEP referral rate was 63.8% (SD = 41.5) of those potentially meeting PrEP indications. Insufficient time was associated with lower PrEP referral (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.99, p = 0.023) and training in PrEP screening was associated with higher rates of PrEP referral (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.98-1.64, p = 0.034). The average BH treatment referral rate was 52.7% (SD = 44.4) of clients who the counselor felt would potentially benefit from treatment. Counselors lacking knowledge of screening (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.78, p = 0.004), referral procedures (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23-0.87, p = 0.008), or locations to refer clients (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25-0.86, p = 0.008), as well as those with higher caseloads (OR: 0.998, 95% CI: 0.997-0.999, p < 0.001) were less likely to refer for BH. Training in substance use screening (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.96-1.64, p = 0.046) and referral (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.99-1.66, p = 0.029) were associated with increased BH referral. Implementation strategies are needed to address key barriers to PrEP and BH referrals in HIV testing contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Harkness
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, 5030 Brunson Dr, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
| | - Vanessa Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kyle Grealis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nequiel Reyes
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel J Feaster
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Steven Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - DeAnne Turner
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Raymond R Balise
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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14
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Lancaster KE, Bula AK, Matoga MM, Hosseinipour MC, Hoffman IF, Grullon JA, Umar E, Msolola J, Magidson JF, Bonumwezi JL, Hahn JA, Parcesepe AM. Testing a systematically braided alcohol reduction and HIV status neutral intervention among people receiving STI care in Malawi: study protocol for a pilot hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2025; 13:1572288. [PMID: 40371302 PMCID: PMC12075419 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1572288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/08/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy alcohol use is common in Malawi among people receiving sexually transmitted infections (STI) care and is a critical barrier to the success of HIV prevention and treatment efforts. Methods This protocol presents a pilot hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation trial evaluating the short-term effectiveness and implementation of a scalable evidence-based intervention (EBI) to reduce alcohol use and provide HIV prevention and treatment counseling for people with heavy drinking receiving STI care in Malawi. We developed a 3-session intervention, Treat4All, that uses motivational interviewing, problem-solving skills, psychoeducation, alcohol refusal, HIV prevention and treatment skills building, and goal setting to reduce alcohol and facilitate engagement in HIV prevention and treatment. We have also integrated HIV prevention content to focus on persistent PrEP use and HIV treatment adherence to improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression. We will conduct a two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) in an STI care setting in urban Malawi to compare the preliminary effectiveness and implementation of Treat4All to usual care for decreasing the proportion of heavy drinking days, corroborated with phosphatidylethanol, an alcohol biomarker, and improving HIV outcomes (viral suppression among PWH; PrEP use among those at risk). We will randomly assign 160 people receiving STI care in Lilongwe who report heavy drinking (n = 80 people with HIV; PWH; n = 80 people at high risk of HIV acquisition) to Treat4All or usual care. Discussion Our study will produce a systematically braided, scalable HIV status-neutral EBI for alcohol reduction and optimization of HIV prevention and treatment behaviors to evaluate in a larger effectiveness-implementation trial. Our study will directly expand alcohol reduction and HIV status-neutral programs for alcohol-impacted populations throughout sub-Saharan Africa and other regions where alcohol contributes to the ongoing HIV epidemic. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06668363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Lancaster
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Mina C. Hosseinipour
- UNC Project, Malawi, Tidziwe Centre, Lilongwe, Malawi
- University of North Carolina Chapel UNC Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Irving F. Hoffman
- UNC Project, Malawi, Tidziwe Centre, Lilongwe, Malawi
- University of North Carolina Chapel UNC Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jaslyn A. Grullon
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Eric Umar
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jimmy Msolola
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jessica F. Magidson
- Center for Substance Use, Addiction & Health Research (CESAR), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Jessica L. Bonumwezi
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Judith A. Hahn
- Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Angela M. Parcesepe
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Mistler CB, Allen W, Grimshaw AA, Idiong CI, Harsono D, Irwin ML, Ash G, S Pescatello L, Meyer JP, Jennifer Edelman E. Exercise Interventions Conducted Among Individuals with Co-occurring HIV and Unhealthy Substance Use: A Systematic Review. AIDS Behav 2025:10.1007/s10461-025-04735-6. [PMID: 40289036 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-025-04735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
Unhealthy substance use and physical inactivity are prevalent co-occurring risk factors for morbidity and mortality among people with HIV (PWH). Evidence-based exercise interventions targeting both risk factors are limited. We conducted a literature search across seven databases for relevant articles published through 05/07/24. Studies qualified if they involved: (a) PWH ≥ 18 years old who engage in unhealthy substance use; (b) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental designs; and (c) an exercise intervention. Two researchers independently completed the Cochrane Data Collection Form and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. PROSPERO registry: CRD42023473582. Out of 6916 potentially qualifying studies, 46 underwent full-text review, and 7 studies qualified (6 pilot RCTs & 1 quasi-experimental). Most (k = 6) were conducted in the US. Sample sizes ranged from 16 to 73 participants and retention rates ranged from 42 to 100%. Interventions met at least 1x/week for 6-24 weeks and consisted of supervised progressive overload aerobic/resistance training (k = 3), home-based training with virtual behavioral counseling (k = 1), yoga (k = 2), and tai-chi with cognitive behavioral therapy (k = 1). Despite inconsistent assessment tools and outcomes measured, exercise interventions were significantly (p < 0.05) and positively associated with outcomes relating to improving HIV, substance use, physical activity, strength/fall risk, quality of life/stress, and pain relief. All studies were high quality with low risk of bias, safe, and feasible. Despite small sample sizes and heterogeneity across studies, evidence from this systematic review supports the use of exercise to improve a variety of health outcomes among PWH with unhealthy substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen B Mistler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 389 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - William Allen
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa A Grimshaw
- John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Harvey Cushing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christie I Idiong
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Dini Harsono
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melinda L Irwin
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Garrett Ash
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Pain, Research, Informatics, Medical Comorbidities and Education Center (PRIME), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Jaimie P Meyer
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Tseng TY, Mitchell MM, Chander G, Latkin C, Kennedy C, Borison SI, Son C, Knowlton AR. Quality of Life among Predominately African Americans with HIV Who Use Drugs: The Role of Patient-Provider Engagement in Mediating the Impacts of Depression and Healthcare Discrimination. AIDS Behav 2025:10.1007/s10461-025-04717-8. [PMID: 40240720 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-025-04717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
Enhancing mental health-related quality of life (MHRQOL) is an important clinical objective for people with HIV (PWH), due to their elevated risk of psychological distress and mental health challenges. Depression, pain, stigma, and discrimination are among the main contributors to poor MHRQOL in this population and can negatively impact PWH's interaction with their healthcare providers, and vice versa. We used structural equation modeling to examine whether the quality of patient-provider engagement in HIV primary care mediated the effects of depression and prior experiences of discrimination in healthcare settings on later MHRQOL, assessed using the SF- 12 Mental Component Summary (MCS- 12), among a sample of predominately African Americans with HIV and a history of drug use. A total of 331 participants, recruited from HIV clinics and community venues in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, completed three semi-annual surveys between 2014 and 2018. At baseline, the sample showed a high percentage of probable depression (35.6%) and a low MCS- 12 mean score (38.72, SD = 6.88) compared with the US general population norm of 50 (SD = 10). There were significant indirect paths from baseline depression (β = - 0.04, 95% CI = - 0.10, - 0.01) and healthcare discrimination (β = - 0.05, 95% CI = - 0.12, - 0.01) to lower MHRQOL at 12-months, mediated through reduced patient-centered patient-provider engagement with primary care providers at 6-months, after adjusting for baseline assessment of the mediator and the outcome, demographic covariates, substance use, pain level, and time since HIV diagnosis. Findings suggest a potential for mitigating the impacts of depression and healthcare discrimination on MHRQOL through intervening on the quality of patient-provider engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo-Yen Tseng
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | | | - Carl Latkin
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin Kennedy
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Ian Borison
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chaeyeon Son
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Knowlton
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zaongo SD, Wu W, Chen Y. Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms. Front Psychiatry 2025; 16:1557816. [PMID: 40313235 PMCID: PMC12043652 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1557816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence indicates that compared to HIV negative individuals, people living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, and cognitive disorders. Depression, which is known to be a persistent and overwhelming feeling of sadness accompanied by a loss of interest in usual activities, is one of the most common mental illnesses encountered during HIV infection. Experts believe that several factors such as neuroinflammation, life stressors, lack of sleep, poor nutritional state, opportunistic infections and comorbidities, and HIV medications are contributing factors favoring the development of depression in PLWH. However, the fundamental mechanisms which underlie the involvement of these factors in the emergence of depression in the context of HIV remain poorly explored. Past researches describing the role of one or two of the preceding factors do exist; however, very few articles tackle this important topic while considering the several different putative causative factors comprehensively in the particular context of HIV infection. Herein, we elaborate on the factors currently understood to be responsible for the development of depression, and discuss the particular fundamental mechanisms whereby each factor may result in the outcome of depression. We believe that the understanding of these factors and of their underlying mechanisms is essential for the development of future therapeutic interventions to alleviate the burden of depression commonly seen in PLWH, and therefore facilitate the development of strategies to improve their overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvere D. Zaongo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenlin Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
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Brown LL, Batchelder AW, Gondré-Lewis MC, Willie TC, Chwastiak LA. Innovations to Address Unmet Behavioral Health Needs in National Ending the HIV Epidemic Priority Jurisdictions. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2025; 98:e146-e155. [PMID: 40163067 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
ABSTRACT People who have behavioral health disorders are disproportionately represented among people with HIV and those likely to be diagnosed with HIV. Despite repeated calls for the past decade for the integration of behavioral health into the HIV Care Continuum, findings from priority jurisdictions show these efforts lag. We present 5 examples of efforts to integrate behavioral health services into the HIV Care Continuum, across regions and populations in Ending the HIV Epidemic priority regions. Across diverse settings, care provision-screening, assessment, referrals, and treatments-remains insufficient. Consistent, ongoing actions are needed to address the compounded consequences of the HIV and behavioral health synergistic epidemics, or syndemic. The studies in this article involved local communities, provider groups, and people with lived experience of trauma, serious mental illness, neuropsychological disorder, substance use disorder, and HIV. These example studies reveal significant unmet needs for behavioral health care and/or HIV prevention and treatment in these priority communities. A common finding among these examples was that the success of interventions hinges on the extent to which interventions are tailored to local contexts and the specific needs of historically underserved populations, including Black women, the socioeconomically disadvantaged, LGBTQIA+ individuals, and people with serious mental illness and/or substance use disorders. We suggest recommendations for how Ending the HIV Epidemic efforts can be optimized to adapt and implement integrated HIV and behavioral health care to advance national goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lauren Brown
- Family and Community Medicine, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN
- School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Abigail W Batchelder
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marjorie C Gondré-Lewis
- Laboratory for Developmental NeuroPsychopharmacology, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Tiara C Willie
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; and
| | - Lydia A Chwastiak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Boga DJ, Juste RS, Etienne K, Dale SK. Using network analysis to elucidate the relationships among support systems, trauma and depressive symptoms, self-silencing, and risk of HIV viral non-suppression among black women living with HIV. J Behav Med 2025; 48:268-279. [PMID: 39580576 PMCID: PMC11929636 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major public health issue in the United States (US) and Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) are disproportionately impacted among women. This study investigates the complexities in influences of family, friend, and special person support systems and their association with post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), depressive symptoms, gendered coping (self-silencing), and a composite HIV risk score related to risk of viral non-suppression through missed medical visits, low medication adherence, and high viral load. Cross-sectional data among BWLWH were analyzed using network analyses via RStudio. Data from 119 BWLWH was reduced to 104, because of missing data on indicators as well as pairwise deletion for the correlation function. Findings revealed variances based on the type of network. For composite risk scores, friend support source had a weak to moderate significant correlation, while symptoms of PTSD and depression only showed a weak positive correlation with the composite risk variable through self-silencing as a form of coping. The post-hoc analysis showed a strong correlation with care as self-sacrifice, based on the composite risk score. Based on the findings from this study, insight was given into symptoms for depression and PTSD, as well as self-silencing and viral non-suppression risk in relation to sources of support for BWLWH. Future interventions to improve the overall health of BWLWH may benefit from incorporating support from friends and lowering care as self-sacrifice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devina J Boga
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Reyanna St Juste
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Kayla Etienne
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Sannisha K Dale
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
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20
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Gürbüz S, Yildirim Öztürk EN, Sari S, Kazci S, Çöl M. Determination of depression prevalence in pregnant women living with HIV aged 18 years and older: A meta-analysis study. Int J STD AIDS 2025; 36:406-415. [PMID: 39873548 DOI: 10.1177/09564624251316048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
BackgroundPregnant women living with HIV are known to be at higher risk of depression than pregnant women without HIV. Accompanied by a systematic literature review, the aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of depression in pregnant women living with HIV.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases were searched. The references of the included publications and a similar meta-analysis study were also reviewed. The 19 included studies were assessed for quality using standard forms. Pooled prevalence was calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using various methods. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were also performed.ResultsOf the 19 studies included in the review, six of the studies were published between 2008 and 2014, and 13 were published between 2017 and 2023. 15 studies were conducted in African countries. According to study type, eight studies were cross-sectional and seven were cohort studies. The pooled prevalence of depression was calculated to be 45%. The prevalence in African countries was 37.7%. The studies were found to be statistically significantly heterogeneous. Tests and funnel plots showed no publication bias in this meta-analysis. The variables place, study type and scale made the model significant in the meta-regression.ConclusionIn this meta-analysis, 6379 women aged 18 years and older were examined and their depression levels were found to be high. Taking steps to struggle with HIV and depression in people living with HIV seems important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Gürbüz
- Şanlıurfa Provincial Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
| | | | - Simge Sari
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Saliha Kazci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Çöl
- Department of Public Health, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
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21
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Pala AN, Turan B. A Bayesian network analysis to examine the effects of HIV stigma processes on self-concept and depressive symptoms among persons living with HIV. J Pers 2025; 93:296-309. [PMID: 38494602 PMCID: PMC11405543 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the relationships between HIV stigma dimensions, self-related mechanisms, and depressive symptoms among persons living with HIV. BACKGROUND HIV stigma hinders the well-being of individuals living with HIV, which is linked to depressive symptoms and increased risk of poor clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying stigma's impact on depression are poorly understood. Psychosocial theories propose that experiencing HIV stigma leads to internalized stigma, impacting self-concept and mental health. METHOD Using Bayesian network analysis, we explored associations among HIV stigma processes (experienced, anticipated, internalized, perceived community stigma, and HIV status disclosure) and self-related mechanisms (self-esteem, fear of negative evaluation [FNE], self-blame coping, and social exclusion), and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Our diverse sample of 204 individuals, primarily men, gay/bisexual, Black, and lower-middle SES, who experienced stigma showed increased anticipated, internalized, and perceived community stigma, FNE, and depressive symptoms. Internalized stigma contributed to self-blame coping and higher depressive symptoms. Anticipated and perceived community stigma and FNE correlated with increased social exclusion. DISCUSSION This study investigates potential mechanisms through which HIV stigma may impact depression. Identifying these mechanisms establishes a foundation for future research to inform targeted interventions, enhancing mental health and HIV outcomes among individuals living with HIV, especially from minority backgrounds. Insights gained guide evidence-based interventions to mitigate HIV stigma's detrimental effects, ultimately improving overall well-being and health-related outcomes for people with HIV.
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Arnold A, Wang H, Mehta CC, Nesbeth PDC, Bedi B, Kirkpatrick C, Moran CA, Powers A, Smith AK, Hagen K, Weitzmann MN, Ofotokun I, Lahiri CD, Alvarez JA, Quyyumi AA, Neigh GN, Michopoulos V. The impact of childhood maltreatment, HIV status, and their interaction on mental health outcomes and markers of systemic inflammation in women. Biol Sex Differ 2025; 16:21. [PMID: 40156075 PMCID: PMC11951744 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-025-00704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment and HIV are both associated with a greater risk for adverse mental health, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and increased systemic inflammation. However, it remains unknown whether childhood maltreatment and HIV interact to exacerbate PTSD, depression, and inflammation in a manner that may further increase the risk of adverse health outcomes in people living with HIV. This study investigated the interaction between childhood maltreatment and HIV status on PTSD and depression symptom severity, and on peripheral concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in women. We hypothesized that women living with HIV (WLWH) who report high levels of childhood maltreatment exposure would show the greatest PTSD and depressive symptoms, as well as the highest concentrations of LPS and hsCRP. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 116 women (73 WLWH and 43 women without HIV). Participants completed interviews to measure trauma exposure, including childhood maltreatment, and PTSD and depression symptoms. They also provided blood samples that were analyzed for LPS and hsCRP concentrations. RESULTS Both women living with and without HIV reported high rates of trauma exposure and showed no statistically significant differences in overall rates of childhood maltreatment. Moderate to severe childhood maltreatment was associated with higher PTSD symptom severity (p =.005), greater depression severity (p =.005), and elevated plasma LPS concentrations (p =.045), regardless of HIV status. There were no effects of childhood maltreatment on hsCRP concentrations. There were no detectable significant effects of HIV status, or interactions between HIV status and childhood maltreatment, on PTSD and depression symptoms, or LPS and hsCRP concentrations (all p's > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the impact of childhood maltreatment on depression and PTSD symptoms and LPS concentrations in women. These results underscore the importance of trauma-informed health care in addressing childhood maltreatment to potentially improve both mental and physical health outcomes of adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Heqiong Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C Christina Mehta
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula-Dene C Nesbeth
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caitlin Kirkpatrick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caitlin A Moran
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abigial Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimbi Hagen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Neale Weitzmann
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cecile D Lahiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A Alvarez
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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23
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Lee PH, Lim JY, Kumar PA, Tan ZH, Tan RBH, Choy CY, Tan RKJ, Chio MT, Wong CS. iPARTY study: Increasing pre-exposure prophylaxis access and reach via telehealth for young men who have sex with men in Singapore 2022-2023. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2025; 54:160-169. [PMID: 40178422 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2024285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2025]
Abstract
Introduction Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been available in Singapore since 2016, its uptake among gay, bisexual and other men-who-have-sex-with-men (GBMSM) is low. The iPARTY study was established to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of PrEP and a PrEP teleconsultation service for young GBMSM aged 18 to 29 years. Method A total of 53 young GBMSM were enrolled in the iPARTY study. They had a total of 5 in-person consultations and teleconsultations, at 12-week intervals. Laboratory tests and quarterly baseline surveys were performed to assess PrEP adherence, sexual behaviour, and incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Results Thirty-five participants completed the entire 12-month follow-up. Most participants had positive experiences with PrEP teleconsultations. There was a statistically significant fall in participants' aggregate Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores throughout the study. Self-reported PrEP adherence decreased over the course of the study, denoting improved mental health. Although self-reported condom use for anal intercourse and participants' risk perception of HIV decreased after PrEP adoption, there was no statisti-cally significant increase in STI incidence. Conclusion This pilot project has shown that PrEP services provide an opportunity for YMSM to access sexual health testing, treatment and counselling, and may even have tangible benefits on the mental health of this population. Teleconsultation is shown to be a suitable platform for the delivery of such services. Collaborative initiatives are crucial to further enhance the affordability and accessibility of PrEP in Singapore, and to improve patient adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hua Lee
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Justin Y Lim
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | - P Arun Kumar
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | - Zhi Hui Tan
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | | | - Chiaw Yee Choy
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Rayner Kay Jin Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Tw Chio
- Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | - Chen Seong Wong
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Massaroni V, Delle Donne V, Lombardi F, Ciccullo A, Iannone V, Salvo PF, Chieffo DPR, Arcangeli V, Ciccarelli N, Di Giambenedetto S. Sleep Disorders Are Associated with Mental Health, Quality of Life and Stigma in an Italian Cohort of People Living with HIV. Brain Sci 2025; 15:332. [PMID: 40309785 PMCID: PMC12025082 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2025] [Revised: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess sleep quality in people living with HIV (PLWH), and to examine how the sleep sphere interacts with mental health, quality of life and internalized stigma. Methods: A total of 250 PLWH were consecutively enrolled during routine outpatient visits. Each participant completed a 67-item questionnaire. Sleep disturbances were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure the mental health status. The Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire was used to measure participants' quality of life. Internalized HIV-related stigma was evaluated using the modified six-item internalized AIDS-related stigma scale. Results: Many of the PLWH were male (69.2%) and the time between HIV diagnosis and first antiretroviral therapy (ART) was over 10 years (69.2% and 64%, respectively). The PSQI component most-cited as problematic by PLWH was habitual sleep efficiency (52.4%). In multivariate analysis models, a higher mean in the PSQI total score was significantly associated with internalized stigma (mean change 1.10), depression (mean change 6. 20), anxiety (mean change 12.15), stress (mean change 6.24), physical (mean change 7.54) and mental (mean change 3.56) quality of life, health status (mean change -6.04), ART adherence (mean change -5.08) and physical activity (mean change -6.20). Conclusions: Our results confirm the role of sleep quality in both mental and physical health and suggest that sleep disorders might also be a significant indicator of psychosocial challenges faced by PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Massaroni
- Department of Health Science and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Valentina Delle Donne
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.D.D.); (D.P.R.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Francesca Lombardi
- UOC Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (V.I.); (P.F.S.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Arturo Ciccullo
- UOC Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 Aquila, Italy;
| | - Valentina Iannone
- UOC Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (V.I.); (P.F.S.); (S.D.G.)
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Infectious Diseases Institute, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Francesco Salvo
- UOC Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (V.I.); (P.F.S.); (S.D.G.)
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Infectious Diseases Institute, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.D.D.); (D.P.R.C.); (V.A.)
- Department of Woman, Children and Public Health, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Arcangeli
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.D.D.); (D.P.R.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Nicoletta Ciccarelli
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Simona Di Giambenedetto
- UOC Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (V.I.); (P.F.S.); (S.D.G.)
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Infectious Diseases Institute, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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25
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Bonner CP, Wechsberg WM, Cox E, Browne FA, Smith A, Howard BN, Mancuso N, Singer S, Davies G, Hairston I, Ukaegbu PK, Diallo DD. " … They cannot help you because you're at McDonald's and you're asking for pizza". A qualitative exploration of the acceptability and appropriateness of integrating of pharmacotherapy for mental health treatment in HIV care among patients living with HIV and co-morbid mental health and substance use disorders. AIDS Care 2025:1-9. [PMID: 40079958 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2025.2474670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Mental health disorders contribute to a lack of HIV care retention and adherence. Pharmacotherapy for mental health treatment may increase retention and adherence. However, there is often a lack of pharmacotherapy services for mental health treatment available in HIV care. The current study explores the extent to which people living with HIV find the integration of pharmacotherapy for mental health treatment into HIV care acceptable and appropriate. We conducted in-depth interviews with ten patients living with HIV and comorbid mental health or substance use challenges. We used rapid qualitative analysis to analyze the transcript data. Patients cited several barriers to mental health treatment, including having to coordinate and establish rapport with other providers. Participants' perspectives about whether HIV care providers should provide pharmacotherapy for mental health treatment varied. However, most respondents agreed that it would be beneficial for HIV care providers to maintain existing regimens or address lapses in mental health care. Patients also cited benefits to integration, including the ability to receive care from a trusted provider and increased access. These findings add to previous literature and demonstrate the nuanced nature of the acceptability of receiving pharmacotherapy for mental health treatment from an HIV care provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Peasant Bonner
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Wendee M Wechsberg
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Erin Cox
- Marsal Family of Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felicia A Browne
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ayanna Smith
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Noah Mancuso
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Suzzanne Singer
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Gwen Davies
- Positive Impact Health Centers, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Indya Hairston
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Sannigrahi S, Raj MB, Seenappa B, Sharma AA, Reddy S, Nobbay E, Kant A, SK SK, Dhailwal BK, Ganapathi L, Shet A. "I can be a source of motivation": Perspectives from stakeholders of the I'mPossible fellowship, a peer-led differentiated service delivery model for adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV in India. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.03.11.25323808. [PMID: 40162267 PMCID: PMC11952635 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.11.25323808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Youth living with HIV (YLHIV) face multidimensional challenges, including stigma, mental health struggles, and socioeconomic instability, which are further magnified among adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (APHIV). Peer-led differentiated service delivery (DSD) models providing tailored support for this population have demonstrated improved outcomes, though their adaptation and implementation in India remain underexplored. We examined multi-stakeholder perceptions within a peer-support DSD intervention in India, the I'mPossible Fellowship, designed to address the health, educational, and livelihood needs of APHIV. Between May and December 2023, we enrolled three stakeholder groups involved in the I'mPossible fellowship intervention: (1) intervention deliverers (APHIV "fellows"), (2) facilitators ("supervisors" of APHIV), and (3) beneficiaries (APHIV "peers"). To examine fellows' roles and growth, we conducted in-depth interviews with fellows (n=8; 75% female; mean age: 22.5 years) and supervisors (n=7). Aiming to explore fellow-peer interactions and perceived program impact, we conducted three focus group discussions with purposefully sampled peers (n=18; 66.7% male; mean age: 16.7 years). Data collected were audio recorded, transcribed, and translated from Kannada to English for coding and analysis. Thematic deductive analysis was combined with data triangulation across participant groups to synthesize findings. Five key themes emerged, highlighting the layered influences of the I'mPossible Fellowship. First, mentorship was an important theme that provided informational and emotional support for peers; second, peer influence arising from peer-to-peer interactions contributed to a sense of trust and affirmation. Third, personal growth experienced by fellows stimulated their motivation to fulfil their mentorship roles effectively. Fourth, complex systemic challenges, such as stigma and discrimination, hindered educational and employment advancement of APHIV. Fifth, sustainability, through robust post-fellowship systems and continued mentoring support, was emphasized by supervisors and fellows as crucial for supporting APHIV in transitioning to independent living. This study highlights the pivotal role of fellows and the bi-directional power of peer mentorships in addressing the multilevel factors that enhance outcomes for APHIV. By providing knowledge and empathy to their peers and serving as credible role models with lived experience of HIV, fellows within the I'mPossible fellowship exemplify a successful DSD model incorporating the three essential attributes of peer support: informational, emotional, and affirmative support. While these findings underscore the importance of integrating peer-led interventions into HIV care frameworks to support youth with HIV, this also reframes youth as active agents of change, recognizing their capacity for empowerment and meaningful societal contribution rather than passive recipients of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddha Sannigrahi
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | | | | | - Ashley A. Sharma
- Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Suhas Reddy
- RISHI Foundation, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Esha Nobbay
- Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, B G Nagara, Karnataka, India
| | - Aastha Kant
- Johns Hopkins India Private Limited, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Kumar SK
- Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education (YRGCARE), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baldeep K. Dhailwal
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Lakshmi Ganapathi
- Division of Pediatric Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Anita Shet
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Tran VTN, Phung LK, Nguyen HH, Pham LTD, Nguyen DTN, Nguyen TTT, Hoang VTH, Gaynes BN. Evidence-based interventions targeting mental health problems in adolescents living with HIV: A scoping review. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.03.01.25323162. [PMID: 40093196 PMCID: PMC11908292 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.01.25323162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents living with HIV are at an increased risk of experiencing mental health challenges, which may impact their overall well-being and adherence to treatment. Evidence-based interventions are crucial to addressing these issues; however, the effectiveness of these interventions remains unclear. This scoping review aimed to synthesize all interventions that tested either the prevention or improvement of mental health for adolescents living with HIV. Methods We used PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane to identify RCTs evaluating mental health interventions for HIV-infected adolescents. Results A scoping review included 13 out of 1015 studies demonstrating the global relevance of addressing mental health in this population. Interventions were diverse and showed mixed effectiveness in improving mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, trauma, and behavioural symptoms. Factors contributing to mixed results included variations in intervention design, study characteristics, and contextual factors. Identified gaps in the literature encompassed the limited number of studies in some regions and the lack of research on specific subpopulations and long-term intervention effectiveness. Conclusion A mixed result needs to be confirmed in future RCTs. This review provides valuable insights into improving the mental health of HIV-infected adolescents and can guide further research and practice in this area.
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Padmakar S, Chaudhary V, Kumari S, Dhir D, Pal B. Prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among perinatal women living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS Care 2025; 37:362-371. [PMID: 39864900 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2025.2453664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Perinatal women living with HIV face increased susceptibility to mental health challenges, including suicidal ideation (SI). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SI among perinatal women with HIV and identify associated factors. A systematic search was done across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Data analysis was executed using R software. Publication bias was assessed via funnel plot and Egger's test, while heterogeneity was investigated using the I2 statistic. A total of 11 studies involving 4329 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of SI was 23.4% (95% CI: 16.3-32.4). Subgroup analysis showed higher prevalence in postnatal women (36.4%) than antenatal women (27.8%), although this difference was not statistically significant. Studies employing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale reported a higher prevalence (38.9%). Studies published between 2013-2017 showed a higher prevalence (37.6%) compared to those published between 2018-2022 (18.2%). Factors associated with SI included depression during pregnancy or postpartum, unplanned pregnancy, intimate partner violence, undisclosed HIV status, lack of social support, and recent diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections other than HIV. The high prevalence of SI emphasizes the need for mental health screening and interventions. Mental health assessments should be integrated into routine antenatal and postnatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vaibhav Chaudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Sweta Kumari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Deepali Dhir
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Biplab Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Miron VD, Sabin CA, Săndulescu O, Lourida G, Kyrychenko T, Dragovic G, Kowalska J, Mellgren Å, Galindo MJ, Josh J, Moseholm E. Perception of medical care among women living with HIV aged 40 years or older-A European-wide survey. HIV Med 2025; 26:451-464. [PMID: 39675750 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to explore how women living with HIV aged ≥40 years perceive their care in relation to their HIV infection, comorbidities, and menopausal health and to evaluate the extent to which the care they receive meets their expectations, comparatively across World Health Organization (WHO) European regions. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey (May-December 2023) among women living with HIV aged ≥40 years from the WHO European region. Five dimensions of care were assessed: content of care, information, relationship with caregiver, organization of care, and patients' rights and privacy, in addition to management of non-HIV comorbidities and menopause. RESULTS In total, 600 women completed the survey; they were predominantly from the Western European region (70.2%), followed by the Eastern (20.2%) and Central (9.6%) regions. The majority of women (46.5%-95.1%) described positive experiences, responding that they were 'always' or 'usually' satisfied with the five dimensions of HIV care. The concordance between perceptions and experiences of HIV care ranged from 49.4% to 96.1% and was lower in the Eastern region. Among menopausal women, 58.5% were 'very satisfied' or 'satisfied' with the care they received; satisfaction was significantly lower in Eastern European countries than in Western countries. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlighted a generally high concordance between respondents' expectations and the services provided, including both HIV and non-HIV care. Women aged ≥40 years living with HIV face several challenges that should be addressed. These findings inform stakeholders and decision-makers about the need to adopt a more inclusive and sensitive approach in healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Daniel Miron
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Caroline A Sabin
- Department of Infection and Population Health, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Oana Săndulescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Giota Lourida
- ID/HIV Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gordana Dragovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Justyna Kowalska
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Åsa Mellgren
- Department of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M José Galindo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jo Josh
- British HIV Association & UK-CAB, London, UK
| | - Ellen Moseholm
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hu FH, Liu P, Jia YJ, Ge MW, Shen LT, Xia XP, Chen HL. Prevalence of mental health problems in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2025; 30:397-413. [PMID: 39504439 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2424998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
HIV remains a significant public health concern, with an estimation of 39 million people infected. There is a lack of universally accepted benchmarks for prevalence of mental health problems among people living with HIV. We aimed to compute aggregate estimates of mental health problems among people living with HIV. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Our inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed cross-sectional or longitudinal studies conducted in any country that investigated people living with HIV and provided data allowing us to determine the prevalence of mental health problems. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the combined prevalence of mental health problems among people living with HIV and consider predefined moderators by subgroup meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. Our initial search identified 31 407 records. After removing the duplication and excluding ineligible records, 240 studies were included in our meta-analysis. Six commonly reported mental health problems were identified (depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, post-traumatic stress disorder, stigma, and psychological distress). The pooled prevalence was 31% (95% CI 28-34) for depression, 29% (24-34) for anxiety, 20% (17-24) for suicidal ideation, 20% (13-28) for post-traumatic stress disorder, 47% (40-55) for stigma, 44% (31-56) for psychological distress. After considering predefined moderators, the heterogeneity was still observed. A high prevalence of mental health problems was observed among people living with HIV. Effective prevention and treatment programs can alleviate symptoms and promote mental health. This, in turn, can have a positive impact on all aspects of HIV management, leading to improved overall health outcomes for people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Hong Hu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi-Jie Jia
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Meng-Wei Ge
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lu-Ting Shen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Peng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
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Ince Guliyev E, Yıldız Sevgi D, Gündüz A, Mete B, Büyükgök D, Kumbasar Karaosmanoğlu H, Altuntaş Aydın O, Ceyhan F, Bilge BN, Polat I, Tabak F. Mental health service utilization among patients followed up in tertiary HIV/AIDS clinics in Turkey: A need for integrated care. Int J STD AIDS 2025; 36:185-194. [PMID: 39560967 DOI: 10.1177/09564624241301491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health (MH) care for people living with HIV (PLWH) emerges as an important unmet need, yet there are no integrated HIV-MH clinics in Turkey. Our aim is to determine MH service use and its associated factors in PLWH followed up in the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics in Istanbul/Turkey. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics of the Infectious Diseases (ID) departments in hospitals affiliated with the ACTHIV-IST Study Group. Structured interviews were performed using questionnaires that covered psychiatric state, medical history, and help-seeking behavior. RESULTS Out of 172 outpatients, 121 (70.3%) reported MH complaints after infection, and 65.6% felt a need to see MH professionals. Among those, 59% shared their MH distress with the ID team. However, only 20.7% applied to an MH service, and 16.5% received psychiatric treatment. Previous MH diagnoses (AOR = 4.11; 95%CI = 1.26-13.39), sharing the disease with the ID team (AOR = 4.18; 95%CI = 1.24-14.11), and being hospitalized due to HIV (AOR = 6.54; 95%CI = 1.21-35.39) emerged as the predictors of MH service use among those who would like to see an MH professional in logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS Closer contact with the healthcare system may increase the chances of PLWH receiving MH care. Thus, integrating MH services in HIV/AIDS care would help reach more PLWH who are distressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ince Guliyev
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yıldız Sevgi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Gündüz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilgül Mete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Büyükgök
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoğlu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Altuntaş Aydın
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ceyhan
- Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Private Practice, Turkey
| | - Bilge Nur Bilge
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Irmak Polat
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Tabak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Okhai H, Winston A, Post F, Boffito M, Mallon P, Vera J, Williams I, Sachikonye M, Johnson M, Anderson J, Prechtl C, Sabin C. Exploring the cascade of mental healthcare among people with HIV experiencing depressive symptoms in the UK and Ireland: The POPPY study. HIV Med 2025; 26:465-478. [PMID: 39702902 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among people with HIV, which can negatively impact HIV-related outcomes. We explore the cascade of mental healthcare for people with HIV experiencing depressive symptoms. METHODS People with HIV who were part of the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) study (2013-2016) were included. A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score ≥10 or Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) ≥16 was defined as moderate/severe depressive symptoms. Diagnosed depression and access to mental healthcare were self-reported. A cascade of mental healthcare was explored, defining individuals experiencing depressive symptoms; those among them reporting a diagnosis of depression; and of this latter group, the proportion reporting accessing mental healthcare. Demographic, social and clinical characteristics were assessed at each step using logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 1009 participants (65.5% ≥50 years, 85.8% male, 85.1% white), 387 (38.4%) individuals were experiencing depressive symptoms, over half of whom (54.3%) reported a diagnosis of depression. Only 43.3% of individuals with diagnosed depression reported accessing mental healthcare. Men [odds ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-0.92], people in a relationship (0.44, 0.33-0.59), those who were employed (0.28, 0.21-0.38) and those with university qualifications (0.54, 0.40-0.72) were less likely to experience depressive symptoms. Heterosexuals (0.30, 0.14-0.64) were less likely to report a diagnosed depression, whereas smokers were more likely to have a diagnosed depression (1.75, 1.10-2.77). Older individuals (2.36, 1.31-4.28) were less likely to have accessed mental healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the presence of unmet mental healthcare needs for people with HIV. We hope these findings will inform policies to streamline mental health services for people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajra Okhai
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU), Blood-borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Vera
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, UK
| | - Ian Williams
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU), Blood-borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London, London, UK
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Ozer EA, Keskin A, Berrak YH, Cankara F, Can F, Gursoy-Ozdemir Y, Keskin O, Gursoy A, Yapici-Eser H. Shared interactions of six neurotropic viruses with 38 human proteins: a computational and literature-based exploration of viral interactions and hijacking of human proteins in neuropsychiatric disorders. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2025; 5:18. [PMID: 39987419 PMCID: PMC11846830 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-025-00128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 02/24/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viral infections may disrupt the structural and functional integrity of the nervous system, leading to acute conditions such as encephalitis, and neuropsychiatric conditions as mood disorders, schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases. Investigating viral interactions of human proteins may reveal mechanisms underlying these effects and offer insights for therapeutic interventions. This study explores molecular interactions of virus and human proteins that may be related to neuropsychiatric disorders. METHODS Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Influenza A virus (IAV) (H1N1, H5N1), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV1&2) were selected as key viruses. Protein structures for each virus were accessed from the Protein Data Bank and analyzed using the HMI-Pred web server to detect interface mimicry between viral and human proteins. The PANTHER classification system was used to categorize viral-human protein interactions based on function and cellular localization. RESULTS Energetically favorable viral-human protein interactions were identified for HSV-1 (467), CMV (514), EBV (495), H1N1 (3331), H5N1 (3533), and HIV 1&2 (62425). Besides immune and apoptosis-related pathways, key neurodegenerative pathways, including those associated with Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, were frequently interacted. A total of 38 human proteins, including calmodulin 2, Ras-related botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), PDGF-β, and vimentin, were found to interact with all six viruses. CONCLUSION The study indicates a substantial number of energetically favorable interactions between human proteins and selected viral proteins, underscoring the complexity and breadth of viral strategies to hijack host cellular mechanisms. Further in vivo and in vitro validation is required to understand the implications of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleyna Keskin
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Cankara
- Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering, Computational Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Can
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gursoy-Ozdemir
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Attila Gursoy
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hale Yapici-Eser
- Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Burke A, Davoren MP, Arensman E, Harrington J. Identifying barriers and facilitators to psychosocial care for people living with HIV in Ireland: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:707. [PMID: 39979953 PMCID: PMC11843745 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-21906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy means that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can now be defined as a manageable chronic illness. It is the facilitation of psychosocial care that has increasingly become a priority, as people living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately impacted by psychosocial stressors compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to psychosocial care for PLWH in Ireland. METHODS A mixed methods study design was used, employing a national survey of PLWH (n = 54) via Qualtrics and semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals that provide clinical support to PLWH across Ireland (n = 11). Content analysis was used to analyse the interviews. RESULTS More than half (59.3%) of survey respondents agreed that living with HIV currently impacts their mental health, with nearly two thirds (64.8%) agreeing that they have experienced stigma as a result of living with HIV. Less than half (40.7%) were comfortable disclosing their status to family, and less than a third (27.8%) to friends. Stigma was identified by healthcare professionals as a barrier to psychosocial care, along with a number of system-level barriers, provider-level or practical barriers, and individual barriers. The value of multidisciplinary care teams and reliance on community support was emphasised, and potential for further integration of support services was highlighted. CONCLUSION Community-based organisations contribute significantly to the facilitation of psychosocial support for PLWH in Ireland, and greater integration of community services could promote a more holistic, patient-centred approach to meeting the diverse needs of this growing cohort. PLWH benefit from multidisciplinary care teams, and the facilitation of safe and effective peer support should be encouraged to afford opportunities to disclose and receive social support. HIV-related stigma remains a barrier to psychosocial care, highlighting the need for stigma reduction interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Burke
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Martin P Davoren
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork City Council, City Hall, Anglesea Street, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland
| | - Janas Harrington
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Banda L, Mokgatle MM, Oladimeji O. Scoping review protocol of interventions for the mental health of women with and without HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMJ Open 2025; 15:e089266. [PMID: 39961722 PMCID: PMC11836823 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health issues among women in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially those living with HIV, pose a major public health challenge. Despite the established connections between HIV status and mental health outcomes, there is a noticeable absence of targeted interventions for this group within the literature. Many studies tend to focus on broad mental health concerns without addressing the specific needs of women with HIV, or they neglect to incorporate mental health elements into current HIV-related programmes. This scoping review aims to gather and analyse the existing research on interventions designed to improve the mental health of women in SSA, both with and without HIV. It will identify barriers preventing this population from accessing mental healthcare, highlight important gaps in the current literature and suggest directions for future research. METHODS AND ANALYSIS To conduct this scoping review, the researcher will adhere to the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. The literature search will span several databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and PsychInfo, to ensure a comprehensive collection of relevant studies. The selection process will involve two stages: two independent reviewers will initially screen titles for eligibility and a full-text review of the selected articles. A specially designed tool will be used for data extraction, focusing on minimising bias and accurately capturing study details. The final selection of studies will be analysed using a standardised tool to comprehensively assess all bibliographic information and study characteristics. The planned study dates for the review will be January to March 2025. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical approval is required as the review will draw on publicly available publications and materials. The study's conclusions will be subject to peer review and published in a scientific journal, with the abstract shared at local and international conferences. Key findings will be disseminated to health ministries, community-based organisations focused on women's mental health and HIV, and policymakers to inform policy decisions regarding mental health interventions for women in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Banda
- Department of Social Sciences, Demography and Population Studies Unit, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Mathildah Mpata Mokgatle
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Olanrewaju Oladimeji
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
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Mwangwa F, Johnson-Peretz J, Peng J, Balzer LB, Litunya J, Nakigudde J, Black D, Owino L, Akatukwasa C, Onyango A, Atwine F, Arunga TO, Ayieko J, Kamya MR, Havlir D, Camlin CS, Ruel T. The Effect of a Life-Stage Based Intervention on Depression in Youth Living with HIV in Kenya and Uganda: Results from the SEARCH-Youth Trial. Trop Med Infect Dis 2025; 10:55. [PMID: 39998059 PMCID: PMC11860172 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed10020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Depression among adolescents and young adults with HIV affects both their wellbeing and clinical care outcomes. Integrated care models are needed. We hypothesized that the SEARCH-Youth intervention, a life-stage-based care model that improved viral suppression, would reduce depressive symptoms as compared to the standard of care. We conducted a mixed-methods study of youth with HIV aged 15-24 years in SEARCH-Youth, a cluster-randomized trial in rural Uganda and Kenya (NCT03848728). Depression was assessed cross-sectionally with the PHQ-9 screening tool and compared by arm using targeted minimum loss-based estimation. In-depth semi-structured interviews with young participants, family members, and providers were analyzed using a modified framework of select codes pertaining to depression. We surveyed 1,234 participants (median age 21 years, 80% female). Having any depressive symptoms was less common in the intervention arm (53%) compared to the control (73%), representing a 28% risk reduction (risk ratio: 0.72; CI: 0.59-0.89). Predictors of at least mild depression included pressure to have sex, physical threats, and recent major life events. Longitudinal qualitative research among 113 participants found that supportive counseling from providers helped patients build confidence and coping skills. Integrated models of care that address social threats, adverse life events, and social support can be used to reduce depression among adolescents and young adults with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mwangwa
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala P.O. Box 7074, Uganda
| | | | - James Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Laura B. Balzer
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
| | - Janice Litunya
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Njoro P.O. Box 517-20107, Kenya
| | - Janet Nakigudde
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda;
| | - Douglas Black
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lawrence Owino
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu P.O. Box 614-40100, Kenya
| | - Cecilia Akatukwasa
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala P.O. Box 7074, Uganda
| | - Anjeline Onyango
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu P.O. Box 614-40100, Kenya
| | - Fredrick Atwine
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala P.O. Box 7074, Uganda
| | - Titus O. Arunga
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu P.O. Box 614-40100, Kenya
| | - James Ayieko
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Njoro P.O. Box 517-20107, Kenya
| | - Moses R. Kamya
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala P.O. Box 7074, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda;
| | - Diane Havlir
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Carol S. Camlin
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Theodore Ruel
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Zhou T, Chen X, Lai Y. Development of research on HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and emerging trends: a visualization analysis via CiteSpace. Front Immunol 2025; 16:1478187. [PMID: 39963136 PMCID: PMC11830696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1478187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Background In the combination antiretroviral therapy era, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is still widespread among HIV-infected individuals. However, there is no effective treatment for HAND, and the exact pathogenic mechanism of HAND remains unknown. This paper aims to provide a reference for further exploration in the field of HAND research. Methods We used CiteSpace software to collect 3057 articles related to HAND in the Web of Science Core Collection for comprehensive analysis. Betweenness centrality, count, and burst values were used as indicators in the visualization analysis, aiming to predict future new directions and cutting-edge trends. Results The last decade has been the peak period of HAND research, with the most prominent contributions by authors, countries, and institutions being Grant, Igor (135), the USA (2211), and the University of California System (758), respectively. The most frequently cited article is "HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the area of potent antiretroviral therapy: CHARTER Study." The hotspots in this field are "neurocognitive impairment," "central nervous system," "cerebrospinal fluid," "HIV-1 tat," "SIV," "inflammation," "infection," and "pathogenesis." The current research direction of HAND is focused on exploring the pathogenic mechanism underlying HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion This study provides a bibliometric visualization of HAND-related literature to gain insight into the development and frontiers of this research field. The study also provides scholars with detailed references and identifies future research directions to better promote the development of this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuannan Chen
- Acupunture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lai
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Maria DS, Nyamathi A, Lightfoot M, Paul M, Quadri Y, Padhye N, Businelle M, Fernandez-Sanchez H, Jones JT. Results of a Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial of CAYA: A Nurse Case Management HIV Prevention Intervention for Youth Experiencing Homelessness. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:613-625. [PMID: 39531116 PMCID: PMC11814025 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) face challenges that increase their susceptibility to HIV/STIs. Nurse case management is effective in managing the complex needs of populations experiencing homelessness and reducing HIV risk. A randomized wait-list control study conducted between September 2019 to May 2023 evaluated the CAYA "Come As You Are" intervention. This nurse-led HIV prevention for YEH aged 16-25 years focused on the uptake of HIV prevention methods: pre- and post-HIV exposure prophylaxis (PrEP, nPEP), HIV/STI testing and treatment, sober sex, and condom use. Secondarily, we examined intervention impact on housing stability. Descriptive statistics were calculated by study arm. Multiple imputation (m = 10) was used for missing values and intervention effects were estimated from Bayesian multilevel models with noninformative priors. Participants (N = 450) were 21.1 years old on average, 62% Black, 11% Hispanic, 11% White, and 10% other race and reported being homeless for an average of 3 years. An intervention effect was found for PrEP use, which showed a larger increase from baseline to first follow-up (OR = 3.27; 95% Cr.I.: 1.13 to 10.14). No intervention impact was found for nPEP use, HIV and STI cases, sober sex, or condom use. Sheltering arrangements improved from baseline to the first follow-up in both groups with increase in shelter stability (OR = 3.85; 95% Cr.I.: 1.61 to 10.30) and decreased shelter transiency (OR = 0.29; 95% Cr.I.: 0.14 to 0.60). This study demonstrates that a personalized, nurse-led HIV prevention approach increased uptake of some but not all HIV prevention strategies among YEH. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03910218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Santa Maria
- Cizik School of Nursing, Center for Nursing Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Adeline Nyamathi
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marguerita Lightfoot
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mary Paul
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasmeen Quadri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nikhil Padhye
- Cizik School of Nursing, Center for Nursing Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Businelle
- TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Higinio Fernandez-Sanchez
- Cizik School of Nursing, Center for Nursing Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Torres Jones
- Cizik School of Nursing, Center for Nursing Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Rodkjær LØ, Storgaard M, Schougaard LMV. Implementation of patient-reported outcomes for people living with HIV: Insights from patients and healthcare providers in a Danish outpatient clinic. HIV Med 2025; 26:319-325. [PMID: 39539027 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have emerged as a valuable tool for aligning HIV care with patient needs and priorities. This study aimed to explore patient and healthcare provider (HCP) experiences of integrating a PRO solution into standard clinical care for HIV in a Danish outpatient clinic. METHODS A tailored PRO solution for people living with HIV was developed in a Danish outpatient clinic. Patients were eligible if they were aged >18 years, spoke Danish, had been on effective antiretroviral therapy for 2 years, and had no additional health issues. Patients completed an electronic questionnaire 14 days before in-clinic consultations. HCPs reviewed patients' responses before these consultations. We assessed the usability, acceptability, and relevance of the PRO solution by conducting semi-structured interviews with 24 patients (12 responders and 12 non-responders) and six HCPs. A further 95 non-responders were interviewed over the phone. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Respondents found that PROs improved patient-provider communication, treatment planning, and self-management. Non-respondents faced barriers such as health literacy, cultural beliefs, and access to technology, necessitating alternative delivery methods. HCPs found that PROs facilitated person-centred care and symptom management, but HCPs faced challenges such as insufficient training, resources, and organizational support. CONCLUSIONS Implementing PROs in HIV care is challenging because of the patient diversity, clinician training needs, and organizational adaptations. Nevertheless, the use of PROs is associated with enhanced person-centred care. Future recommendations include tailored use of PROs, better understanding of the impact on patient groups, on-site questionnaire completion, and emphasis on shared decision-making between patients and HCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Ørneborg Rodkjær
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Storgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Liv Marit Valen Schougaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- AmbuFlex - Centre for Patient-reported Outcomes, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
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Mejía-Castrejón J, Caro-Vega Y, Sierra-Madero JG, López-Iñiguez A, Crabtree-Ramírez BE. The Trend in Suicide Risk Among People with HIV Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:664-672. [PMID: 39643783 PMCID: PMC11814011 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024]
Abstract
Suicide Risk (SR) and the COVID-19 pandemic affected People with HIV (PWH) disproportionately in comparison with the general population, but little information on SR during and after the COVID-19 lockdown on the Latino PWH has been described, therefore, this study aimed to describe SR in PWH attended the HIV clinic before (2018-2019), during (2020), and after (2021-2022) the COVID-19 lockdown, the trend of SR, and the factors associated. Three standardized questions from the "Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale" (C-SSRS) were routinely applied as screening for suicide risk to all PWH attending their clinical visits during 2018-2022. We estimated suicidality risk and rate. We compared sociodemographic characteristics in those with and without SR. We evaluated the potential association of SR with the calendar year before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown using a mixed-effects logistic regression. A total of 2330 patients were seen during the study period; 2157 (93%) were evaluated for suicidality at least once, of those, 75 (3.5%) had SR. Those with SR compared with non-SR were more frequently women (20% vs 10%) and with a heterosexual HIV transmission route (29% vs 23%). SR rates per 1000 patients-day among those evaluated were 0.03 in 2018, 0.25 in 2019, 3.16 in 2020, 7.0 in 2021 and 11.98 in 2022. Throughout the model, independently of covariables, a significant increase in the OR of SR was observed in these years compared to 2018: 1.07 in 2019; 2.74 in 2021; and 4.82 in 2022, except in 2020, OR = 0.18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mejía-Castrejón
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Tlalpan, Z.P.14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yanink Caro-Vega
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Tlalpan, Z.P.14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan G Sierra-Madero
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Tlalpan, Z.P.14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alvaro López-Iñiguez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Tlalpan, Z.P.14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Brenda E Crabtree-Ramírez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Tlalpan, Z.P.14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Bussard ME, Ashraf S, Summers NA. Effect of Mental Health Care Visits on HIV Care Outcomes. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:601-606. [PMID: 39511060 PMCID: PMC11813966 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
To improve the quality of life for people living with HIV (PLWH), it is vital their treatment plans closely follow the HIV care continuum. However, many barriers, such as mental health disorders (MHD), can complicate treatment. Patients being treated for HIV with comorbid MHD are more likely to not be retained in care and maintain an unsuppressed viral load. As PLWH and people vulnerable to acquiring HIV are more commonly diagnosed with MHD in comparison to the general population, it is important that steps to mitigate the possible effects of MHD are addressed during treatment. This study examines how minimal mental health care in a safety-net hospital system in the U.S. South can show benefits in retaining patients throughout their treatment of HIV. The results showed that older individuals retained a higher level of viral suppression when they followed up regularly with a mental health care provider during treatment. In addition, regardless of age, the higher the number of mental health care visits a patient attended during treatment, the higher the likelihood of viral suppression. By incorporating mental health care into the HIV treatment plan, the patients who met at least one of these criteria had better treatment outcomes and progressed further along the HIV care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Bussard
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sunbal Ashraf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Adult Special Care Center, Regional One Health, 880 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nathan A Summers
- Adult Special Care Center, Regional One Health, 880 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Hicks WL, Khalil S, Burke FW, Ho MQ, Mansi I. Comparison of risk factors and mortality in veterans with HIV and those without HIV suffering first major acute cardiovascular events. HIV Med 2025; 26:218-229. [PMID: 39462186 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that people with HIV have an increased atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, making them more susceptible to severe cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of people with HIV in comparison to people without HIV admitted to Veterans Health Administration (VHA) with their first major acute cardiovascular events (MACE) and compare their total mortality. METHODS We used national VHA data to extract data of those admitted to VHA hospitals with MACE defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or cardiac arrest during the fiscal years 2003-2021. The hazard ratio (HR) of mortality for people with HIV versus people without HIV was estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. RESULTS Out of 280 311 veterans, 2510 people with HIV and 277 801 people without HIV had their first MACE during the study period. People with HIV were younger, more likely to be African American, had a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, similar total cholesterol levels and a lower mean 10-year cardiovascular risk score (25.4 in people with HIV vs. 28.7 in people without HIV). Among MACE components, people with HIV had a higher proportion of CVA (27% vs. 21.3%, p < 0.001) and cardiac arrest (13.0% vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001) but a lower incidence of AMI (62.4% vs. 72.5%, p < 0.001) than people without HIV. Additionally, people with HIV had a higher risk of total mortality (adjusted HR: 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.90-2.22) compared with people without HIV. CONCLUSION People with HIV experience MACE at younger ages despite lower cardiovascular risks and similar baseline cholesterol and blood pressure levels. People with HIV had higher mortality and a higher risk of having ventricular fibrillation arrest and stroke as their first MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Hicks
- University of Central Florida/HCA Florida Healthcare, Greater Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Suzan Khalil
- University of Central Florida/HCA Florida Healthcare, Greater Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Floyd W Burke
- Medicine Service, Orlando VA Healthcare System, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Minh Quang Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Medicine Service, Orlando VA Healthcare System, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Ishak Mansi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Education Services, Orlando VA Healthcare System, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Sanyang Y, Sanyang S, Ladur AN, Cham M, Desmond N, Mgawadere F. Are facility service delivery models meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa? A qualitative evidence synthesis. BMC Health Serv Res 2025; 25:193. [PMID: 39893420 PMCID: PMC11786442 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-025-12344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face significant health and social challenges related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH), including unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and sexually transmitted infections (STI). Barriers to information and services are compounded by lack of access to appropriate information, fear of being judged, health provider attitudes and contextual factors such as culture, religion, poverty, and illiteracy. Facility-based service delivery models for adolescents offer a structured environment and provide an opportunity to deliver such information and services. The review critically examined how well these models meet the SRH needs of adolescents in SSA. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using five databases: Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to maintain transparency and completeness. Covidence software was used for screening and data extraction, and NVIVO 12 PRO was used to manage the analysis. A narrative synthesis using Thomas and Harden's thematic analysis was used to identify themes. RESULTS The search yielded 14,415 articles, and 20 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. From the findings, adolescents expressed the need for comprehensive SRH information, adolescent-friendly facilities, parental and male involvement, and respectful healthcare providers. Three facility-based adolescent-friendly SRH delivery models are used in SSA: Stand-alone clinics, Youth-friendly corners, and Integrated/mainstreamed models. Adolescent-friendly interventions, friendly staff, and accessibility were reported as facilitators to services meeting the needs of adolescents and promoting positive experiences. However, several barriers were identified: negative attitudes of health workers, financial constraints, transportation challenges, waiting time, intimidating environments, and lack of confidentiality pose a challenge to the effectiveness of the model. CONCLUSION Facility-based SRH service delivery models can improve access to information and services when complemented with community-based interventions, adolescent-friendly providers, and assurance of service accessibility. However, significant gaps, such as healthcare providers' negative attitudes and behaviours, concerns about privacy and confidentiality, financial constraints, and transportation challenges, limit their effectiveness. These findings call for expanding out-of-facility services, adopting mHealth solutions, enhancing provider training, strengthening confidentiality, and reducing financial barriers to ensure equitable and effective access to services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusupha Sanyang
- Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3, 5QA, UK.
- Department of Nursing and Reproductive Health, University of The Gambia, Serrekunda, The Gambia.
| | - Saikou Sanyang
- Arden University, Santon House, 53-55 Uxbridge Road, London, W5 5SA, UK
| | - Alice Norah Ladur
- Emergency Obstetric and Quality of Care Unit, Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3, 5QA, UK
| | - Mamady Cham
- Bundung Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Serrekunda, The Gambia
| | - Nicola Desmond
- Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3, 5QA, UK
- Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 8SH, UK
| | - Florence Mgawadere
- Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3, 5QA, UK
- University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
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Huertas-Zurriaga A, Giménez-Díez D, Leyva-Moral JM. Exploring the Intersection of Mental and Reproductive Health Among Women Living with HIV in Spain: A Qualitative Secondary Data Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2025; 13:168. [PMID: 39857194 PMCID: PMC11764562 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare13020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Globally, girls and women make up over half of those living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), facing unique reproductive and mental health challenges. An HIV diagnosis impacts motherhood desires and increases trauma, stigma, and depression risks. Addressing these overlapping vulnerabilities with tailored, comprehensive healthcare is essential. This study aims to qualitatively explore the complex interplay between mental health and reproductive decision making among women living with HIV (WLWH). Methods: A secondary data analysis approach was employed, utilizing qualitative data from a wider study. Theoretical sampling was used to recruit a sample of WLWH attending the HIV clinic at a public hospital in Badalona (Barcelona, Spain). Interviews took place in a private and quiet space between May 2019 and January 2020. To perform secondary data analysis, Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was used. Results: Twenty-six women living with HIV were interviewed, with an average age of 39.3 years. The participants had diverse nationalities and faced economic challenges. Following data analysis, four main themes were identified: Emotional Fragmentation and Reproductive Self-Perception after the HIV Diagnosis; Coping Strategies in Reproductive Decision Making; Impacting Emotional Resilience and Motherhood Decisions; and Emotions, Mental Health, and Desire for Motherhood. The themes revealed the profound emotional impact of HIV on their identity, mental health, and reproductive decision making, affecting motherhood aspirations. Conclusions: Women living with HIV face psychological challenges in reproductive decision making, including anxiety and stigma. The study highlights their resilience and emphasizes incorporating hope-based strategies into HIV care, advocating for integrated and mental health-focused approaches to improve support and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Huertas-Zurriaga
- NURECARE Research Group, Institut d’Investigació i Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Grup de Recerca Infermera en Vulnerabilitat i Salut (GRIVIS), Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - David Giménez-Díez
- Grup de Recerca Infermera en Vulnerabilitat i Salut (GRIVIS), Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Juan M. Leyva-Moral
- Grup de Recerca Infermera en Vulnerabilitat i Salut (GRIVIS), Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
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Lopez CM, Moreland AD, Amaya S, Bisca E, Mujica C, Wilson T, Baker N, Richey L, Eckard AR, Resick PA, Safren SA, Danielson CK. Assessment, Decision, Adaptation, Production, Topical Experts-Integration, Training, and Testing (ADAPT-ITT) Framework to Tailor Evidence-Based Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment for People With HIV to Enhance Engagement and Adherence: Qualitative Results from a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2025; 9:e64258. [PMID: 39819749 PMCID: PMC11783029 DOI: 10.2196/64258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and HIV are at high-risk for negative HIV-related outcomes, including low adherence to antiretroviral therapy, faster disease progression, more hospitalizations, and almost twice the rate of death. Despite high rates of PTSD in persons with HIV (PWH) and poor HIV-related health outcomes associated with PTSD, an effective evidence-based treatment for PTSD symptoms in PWH does not exist. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the adaptation and theater testing of an evidence-based intervention designed for people with co-occurring PTSD and HIV. METHODS The Assessment, Decision, Adaptation, Production, Topical experts-integration, Training, and Testing (ADAPT-ITT) framework guided the formative process used to modify an evidence-based PTSD treatment (cognitive processing therapy; CPT) to meet the unique needs of PWH experiencing PTSD. With the integration of Life-Steps for Medication Adherence (Life-Steps), the adapted protocol (CPT-Life-Steps for integration of adherence; CPT-L) targeted HIV-related stigma and HIV medication adherence within a trauma-informed framework. Theater testing was completed with 7 participants to evaluate acceptability of CPT-L for PWH. The qualitative data (N=54 recordings) used to evaluate and adapt CPT-L emerged from individual interviews conducted with participants after each therapy session as well as exit interviews conducted at posttreatment data collection. RESULTS After challenging stigma-related appraisals, participants expressed feeling less constrained by maladaptive thoughts. These shifts translated to increased self-efficacy with both HIV-related care and mental health. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that trauma-informed work with PWH should consider the impact of HIV on trauma-related stuck points, intersecting identities (including living with HIV), and challenging internalized stigma. Findings provide evidence that CPT-L is acceptable and effective in addressing internalized HIV stigma that impacts PTSD symptom maintenance and HIV treatment engagement. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT05275842; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05275842?id=NCT05275842&rank=1. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101150.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Angela D Moreland
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Stephanie Amaya
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Erin Bisca
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Christin Mujica
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Tayler Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nathaniel Baker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Lauren Richey
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Section, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Allison Ross Eckard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Patricia A Resick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, AL, United States
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Carla Kmett Danielson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Zeleke TA, Ayele TA, Denu ZA, Mwanri L, Azale T. Magnitude of Depression and Associated Factors in Women Living With HIV in Northwest, Ethiopia: Mediation Analysis. AIDS Res Treat 2025; 2025:9578192. [PMID: 39831266 PMCID: PMC11737907 DOI: 10.1155/arat/9578192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression in women living with HIV (WLWHIV), is one of the most common public health concerns worldwide. Depression has a negative impact on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, quality of life, poor HIV treatment outcomes, and mortality. However, there is a paucity of evidence in low-income countries such as Ethiopia in WLWHIV. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of depression and related factors, and how social support mediates HIV-related stigma and depression in WLWHIV. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1043 patients in a health institution, employing a systematic random sampling technique to select the study participants. The structured Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Oslo Social Support Scale, Perceived HIV-related stigma scale, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and Violence Against Women Scale were used to measure depression, social support, stigma, food insecurity, and intimate partner violence, respectively. Descriptive statistics were computed, and multivariate logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with depression and how they mediate it. Results: The prevalence of depression among WLWHIV was 41.7% (95% CI: 38.7% and 44.5%). Being single (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.09-2.99), divorced (AOR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.11-2.19), widowed (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.31-2.84), experiencing medical illness comorbidity (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.75-4.30), having a high viral load (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.00-3.45), receiving social support (AOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.96), experiencing perceived HIV-related stigma (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06), experiencing food insecurity (AOR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.11), and experiencing psychological violence (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.30-3.23) were significantly associated with depression. Social support partially mediated the relationship between perceived HIV-related stigma and depression. Conclusion: More than two of five WLWHIV developed depression. Depression is indirectly affected by perceived HIV-related stigma through social support. Social support enhances mental health well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadele Amare Zeleke
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Awoke Ayele
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zewditu Abdissa Denu
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lillian Mwanri
- Research Center for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide Campus, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Telake Azale
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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47
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Kumar P, Clarke AE, Jonsson-Oldenbüttel C, Deltoro MG, Di Giambenedetto S, Brites C, Hocqueloux L, Lu PL, Oyee J, Oglesby A, Wynne B, Jones B, Evitt LA, Fox D, Kisare M, Priest J. Patient-Reported Outcomes After Switching to a 2-Drug Regimen of Fixed-Dose Combination Dolutegravir/Lamivudine: 48-Week Results from the SALSA Study. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:235-245. [PMID: 39225890 PMCID: PMC11739274 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) facilitate communication between patients and providers, enhancing patient-centered care. We report PROs for virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1 who switched to dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) or continued their 3- or 4-drug current antiretroviral regimen (CAR) in the phase 3 SALSA study. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in HIV Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (status version; HIVTSQs) and HIV Symptom Distress Module (HIV-SDM) at Weeks 4, 24, and 48. A post hoc analysis assessed change in HIVTSQs and HIV-SDM by age (≥ 50 and < 50 years). Higher HIVTSQs scores represent greater treatment satisfaction (range, 0-60); lower HIV-SDM scores indicate less symptom bother (range, 0-80). Participants in the DTG/3TC (n = 246) and CAR (n = 247) groups reported comparable baseline HIVTSQs total scores (mean [SD], 55.2 [6.5] and 55.8 [5.5], respectively). Beginning at Week 4, mean HIVTSQs scores in the DTG/3TC group further increased vs. CAR and were sustained through Week 48. Baseline mean (SD) HIV-SDM symptom bother scores were comparable between the DTG/3TC (9.0 [9.9]) and CAR (7.9 [9.3]) groups. Small improvements in HIV-SDM scores favoring DTG/3TC were observed at Weeks 4 and 24 and sustained through Week 48 (though not significant between groups). Participants aged ≥ 50 and < 50 years who switched to DTG/3TC reported higher satisfaction and less symptom distress vs. CAR; these results were generally comparable between age groups. Participants who switched to DTG/3TC reported rapid and sustained improvements in treatment satisfaction compared with those who continued CAR, reinforcing the benefits of DTG/3TC beyond virologic suppression (NCT04021290; registration date, 7/11/2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Princy Kumar
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amanda E Clarke
- Royal Sussex County Hospital and Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Miguel García Deltoro
- Infectious Disease Service, Consortium General University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Simona Di Giambenedetto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Po-Liang Lu
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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48
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Gasik RE, Smith EA, Skeen SJ, Tokarz S, Clum G, Felker-Kantor E, Theall KP. Using Geographic Momentary Assessment to Explore Spatial Environment Influences on Wellbeing in People With HIV. AIDS Behav 2025; 29:342-355. [PMID: 39465467 PMCID: PMC11739190 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04527-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
Place-based socio-economic and racial inequities contribute to health disparities among people with HIV (PWH). We used geographic ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) methodologies to explore the interplay between psychosocial outcomes in daily diaries and community spatial measures among PWH in New Orleans. PWH (N = 69) were recruited from a clinic-based cohort study. Micro-longitudinal data were collected via smartphone-based daily diaries and geospatial tracking over 14 days. First, correlations were run between diary derived outcomes (e.g., feeling safe in current location, stress), and spatial measures (e.g., violent crime, alcohol outlets, and vacant lots) within a half-mile buffer around each diary point to understand the real time associations between mood and space. Next, we fit multilevel models, controlling for between-person effects, to assess within-person associations between accumulative spatial daily violence exposure (50m, 100m and 200m buffers), and measures of daily mood and coping. Violent crime, alcohol outlets and vacant lots were inversely correlated with feeling safe and positively correlated with perceived ease of obtaining drugs. Vacant lots were positively associated with stress and inversely correlated with positive mood. Within individuals, higher daily accumulated violence exposure was associated with increased rumination at the 50m buffer level, decreased trust in oneself and others at the 100m buffer, and decreased ratio of positive/negative mood at all buffers. Our results emphasize the intricate interplay between mental wellness, coping mechanisms, and spatial measures in PWH. Future research and interventions for PWH should consider how spatial factors may influence PWH in terms of mental health and care engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayna E Gasik
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Ethan A Smith
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Simone J Skeen
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Tokarz
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gretchen Clum
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Erica Felker-Kantor
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Katherine P Theall
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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49
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Mergenova G, Davis A, Rosenthal SL, Terlikbayeva A, Primbetova S, Darisheva M, Bukharbayeva A, Denebayeva AY, DeHovitz J. Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2025; 24:23259582251328861. [PMID: 40170389 PMCID: PMC11963725 DOI: 10.1177/23259582251328861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases are rising in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. People living with HIV (PLWH) in Kazakhstan are at heightened risk of severe COVID-19. We conducted a study to evaluate determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLWH in Kazakhstan.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 196 PLWH were recruited from the Almaty City AIDS Center (July 2022-January 2023). We used logistic regression to evaluate how multilevel factors are associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLWH in Kazakhstan.ResultsCOVID-19 vaccine non-uptake was associated with higher HIV stigma scores (AOR = 1.08, 95%CI:1.02,1.16, P = 0.017), a lower level of education (AOR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.04,6.17, P = 0.0412), and never receiving the flu vaccine (AOR = 15.64, 95%CI:3.66,66.89, P = 0.0002). Participants with at least mild anxiety symptoms (AOR = 0.15, 95%CI:0.03,0.64, P = 0.0107) and a positive attitude towards vaccination (AOR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.73,0.86, P < 0.0001) were less likely to remain unvaccinated against COVID-19.ConclusionsCOVID-19 vaccination campaigns should be tailored for PLWH and incorporate stigma reduction interventions within healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaukhar Mergenova
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Epidemiology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Alissa Davis
- Columbia University School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center–New York (United States), New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Assel Bukharbayeva
- Department of Epidemiology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Alfiya Y Denebayeva
- Department of Epidemiology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Almaty City AIDS center, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Jack DeHovitz
- State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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50
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Farooq HZ, Whitton L, Mwendera C, Divall P, Spitters SJIM, Anderson J, Thornhill JP. Virtual care pathways for people living with HIV: A mixed-methods systematic review. HIV Med 2025; 26:44-69. [PMID: 39289147 PMCID: PMC11725418 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic prompted an unprecedented surge in virtual services, necessitating a rapid shift to digital healthcare approaches. This review focuses on evaluating the evidence of virtual care (VC) in delivering HIV care, considering the complex nature of HIV and the need for tailored-approaches, especially for marginalized populations. METHODS A mixed-methods systematic review was performed with searches on five databases, covering studies from January 1946 to May 2022. Inclusion criteria involved two-way virtual consultations between healthcare workers and people living with HIV (PLHIV), with detailed descriptions and outcomes. Qualitative and quantitative studies were included, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa score and Stenfors' framework. RESULTS Among 4143 identified records, 26 studies met the criteria, with various models of care described. The majority of studies were observational, and videoconferencing was the primary mode of virtual consultation employed. Quantitative analysis revealed PLHIV generally accept VC, with high attendance rates (87%). Mean acceptability and satisfaction rates were 80% and 85%, respectively, while 87% achieved HIV viral suppression. The setting and models of VC implementation varied, with some introduced in response to COVID-19 while others were as part of trials. CONCLUSIONS VC for PLHIV is deemed an acceptable and effective approach and is associated with good virological outcomes. Data on other health outcomes is lacking. The review underscores the importance of diverse models of care, patient choice and comprehensive training initiatives for both staff and patients. Establishing a 'gold standard' for VC models is crucial for ensuring appropriate and effective reviews of PLHIV in virtual settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Z. Farooq
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Infection and ImmunityBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, North Manchester General HospitalManchester University Foundation TrustManchesterUK
- Department of VirologyUK Health Security Agency ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Louise Whitton
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Infection and ImmunityBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - Chikondi Mwendera
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Infection and ImmunityBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - Pip Divall
- University Hospitals of Leicester LibraryUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicesterUK
| | - Sophie J. I. M. Spitters
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Wolfson Institute of Population HealthQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Jane Anderson
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Infection and ImmunityBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - John P Thornhill
- SHARE CollaborativeQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Infection and ImmunityBarts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
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