Prostaglandin E1 administration post liver transplantation and renal outcomes: A retrospective single center experience

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

Variable	PGE1 (n = 44)	Non-PGE1 (n = 101)	P value
Age (years; mean ± SD)	58 ± 11.9	56.7 ± 12.2	0.57
Male	54.6	61.4	0.44
White	84.1	83.2	0.78
Indication for transplant			0.3
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	31.8	28.7
Alcoholic liver disease	25	29.7
Hepatitis C virus infection	11.4	15.8
Others	31.8	25.8
Model for end-stage liver disease score at transplant	23.8 ± 10	25.2 ± 8	0.4
Hepatorenal syndrome pre-transplant	59.1	64.4	0.55

PGE1: Prostaglandin E1.

Table 2 Postoperative outcomes

Variable	PGE1 (n = 44)	Non-PGE1 (n = 101)	P value
Intensive care unit length of stay (days)	8.1 ± 11.8	3.8 ± 4.6	0.003
Post-operative complication within 48 hours1	18.6	4.9	0.04
EGFR day 1 (mL/minute/1.73 m2)	52.6 ± 27.6	53.6 ± 29.8	0.86
AST day 1 (U/L)	1961.9 ± 1862.3	878 ± 741.4	0.0000
ALT day 1 (U/L)	1070.6 ± 895	547.7 ± 410	0.0000
Total bilirubin day 1 (mg/dL)	5.3 ± 3.3	4.6 ± 3.2	0.19
International normalized ratio day 1	2 ± 0.74	1.8 ± 0.4	0.03
EGFR day 7 (mL/minute)	46.3 ± 26.7	62.5 ± 34	0.009
AST day 7 (U/L)	82.3 ± 105.1	60.2 ± 111.5	0.27
ALT day 7 (U/L)	214 ± 122.6	146.7 ± 164.1	0.02
Total bilirubin day 7	3.1 ± 2.8	2 ± 1.7	0.002
Renal replacement therapy required	13.6	5.9	0.09
Dialysis (number of sessions)	0.91	0.27	0.13

¹Hepatic artery thrombosis, biliary complications, acute rejection, and cardiomyopathy; bilirubin normal range 03-1.2 mg/dL; international normalized ratio normal range: 0.8-1.2.

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase (normal range: 0-34 U/L); ALT: Alanine aminotransferase (normal range: 0-34 U/L); EGFR: Glomerular filtration rate (normal range: 60-200 mL/minute/1.73 m²); PGE1: Prostaglandin E1.

Table 3 Renal and long-term outcomes

Variable	PGE1 (n = 44)	Non-PGE1 (n = 101)	P value
EGFR at 6 months (mL/minute) (mean ± SD)	54.8 ± 21.6	62 ± 21.4	0.09
EGFR at 1 year (mL/minute) (mean ± SD)	63.7 ± 20.7	62.8 ± 20.3	0.85
The 30-day readmission	31.6	27.4	0.64
The 90-day readmission	29.6	13.1	0.02
Liver transplant complications
Hepatic artery thrombosis	4.6	1	0.17
Biliary complications	27.3	23	0.58
Rejection of liver graft	18.2	13	0.42
Cardiomyopathy	0	3	0.25
Liver graft survival at 1 year	87.5	98.9	0.005
Patient survival at 1 year	96.9	97.8	0.77
Follow up duration (days) (mean ± SD)	615.3 ± 569.4	1092.8 ± 877.7	0.002
Overall liver graft survival	95.4	93.9	0.74
Overall patient survival	88.4	86.9	0.81

PGE1: Prostaglandin E1; EGFR: Glomerular filtration rate.

Table 4 Multivariable analysis of prostaglandin E1 use associated with outcomes

Parameter	Coefficient	Standard error	P value
eGFR at 1-month	0.00055	0.0012	0.65
eGFR at 6-months	-0.0011	0.002	0.58
eGFR at 12-months	0.0019	0.002	0.39

Adjusted for intensive care unit stay, post-operative complications within 48 hours, glomerular filtration rate at day 7, total bilirubin at day 7, 90-day readmission and follow-up duration. EGFR: Glomerular filtration rate.