Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplant. Mar 24, 2016; 6(1): 215-219
Published online Mar 24, 2016. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v6.i1.215
New Nodule-Newer Etiology
Atul C Mehta, Juan Wang, Sami Abuqayyas, Puneet Garcha, Charles Randy Lane, Wayne Tsuang, Marie Budev, Olufemi Akindipe
Atul C Mehta, Juan Wang, Sami Abuqayyas, Puneet Garcha, Charles Randy Lane, Wayne Tsuang, Marie Budev, Olufemi Akindipe, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
Author contributions: Mehta AC participated in the design of the study, data collection, statistical analysis, interpretation of the results, writing and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and final approval of the manuscript submitted; Mehta AC was the guarantor of the paper, taking responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, from inception to published article; Wang J and Abuqayyas S participated in the data collection, interpretation of the results and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and final approval of the manuscript submitted; Abuqayyas S performed the statistical analysis; Garcha P, Lane CR, Tsuang W and Budev M participated in the interpretation of the results, writing and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and final approval of the manuscript submitted; Akindipe O participated in the conception of the study, interpretation of the results and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and final approval of the manuscript submitted.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Informed consent statement: Due to the retrospective nature of the study there was no need to obtain patient consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Atul C Mehta, MBBS, FACP, FCCP, Professor of Medicine, Lerner College of Medicine, Staff, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, A-90, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States. mehtaa1@ccf.org
Telephone: +1-216-4442911 Fax: +1-216-4458160
Received: April 9, 2015
Peer-review started: April 10, 2015
First decision: September 2, 2015
Revised: October 31, 2015
Accepted: November 24, 2015
Article in press: November 25, 2015
Published online: March 24, 2016
Processing time: 343 Days and 23.8 Hours
Core Tip

Core tip: Transbronchial biopsy (TBBx) is routinely performed in lung transplant recipients (LTR). The development of pulmonary nodules (PNs) in this population is common. We investigated LTR who developed PNs post TBBx to determine the temporal relationship between the procedure and the timing of appearance and disappearance of these nodules. Our conclusion is that TBBx in LTR is associated with development of transient nodules at the site of TBBx in 13% of procedures. We hypothesize that these nodules are related to local hematoma and impaired lymphatic drainage. Close observation is a reasonable management approach.