Abbas K, Mubarak M, Musharraf W, Aziz T, Zafar MN. Critical role of complement in antibody mediated rejection in kidney transplantation. World J Transplant 2025; 15(4): 108806 [DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v15.i4.108806]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Khawar Abbas, Professor, Department of Transplant Immunology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi 74200, Sind, Pakistan. drkhawar_imuno@yahoo.com
Research Domain of This Article
Transplantation
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Dec 18, 2025 (publication date) through Nov 18, 2025
Times Cited of This Article
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Journal Information of This Article
Publication Name
World Journal of Transplantation
ISSN
2220-3230
Publisher of This Article
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Abbas K, Mubarak M, Musharraf W, Aziz T, Zafar MN. Critical role of complement in antibody mediated rejection in kidney transplantation. World J Transplant 2025; 15(4): 108806 [DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v15.i4.108806]
Khawar Abbas, Wajiha Musharraf, Department of Transplant Immunology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sind, Pakistan
Muhammed Mubarak, Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
Tahir Aziz, Department of Transplantation, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
Mirza Naqi Zafar, Department of Pathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
Co-corresponding authors: Khawar Abbas and Muhammed Mubarak.
Author contributions: Abbas K and Mubarak M contributed equally to the conception and study design; Abbas K, Mubarak M, and Musharraf W performed relevant research and participated in primary and final drafting; Mubarak M, Aziz T, and Zafar MN reviewed it for critical feedback; both Abbas K and Mubarak M have played important and indispensable roles in the manuscript preparation as the co-corresponding authors; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Khawar Abbas, Professor, Department of Transplant Immunology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi 74200, Sind, Pakistan. drkhawar_imuno@yahoo.com
Received: April 24, 2025 Revised: May 12, 2025 Accepted: July 25, 2025 Published online: December 18, 2025 Processing time: 209 Days and 16.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a significant barrier to successful kidney transplantation, driven primarily by donor-specific alloantibodies. These antibodies activate complement pathways within the transplanted kidney, leading to severe inflammatory responses, endothelial injury, and tissue damage. Understanding the complement system’s critical role in AMR has led to innovative therapies aimed at inhibiting complement activation. Such complement-targeted strategies show potential in reducing inflammation, preventing graft injury, and improving overall graft survival. This review highlights the central contribution of complement activation in AMR, emphasizing therapeutic advancements and the importance of complement inhibition as a promising approach for preventing and managing rejection.
