©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplant. May 29, 2020; 10(5): 104-116
Published online May 29, 2020. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i5.104
Published online May 29, 2020. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i5.104
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction post-lung transplantation: The era of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome
Nobuyuki Yoshiyasu, Masaaki Sato, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Author contributions: Yoshiyasu N and Sato M equally contributed to this paper in the conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing, and final approval of the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Corresponding author: Masaaki Sato, MD, PhD, Director, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. satom-sur@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Received: February 24, 2020
Peer-review started: February 24, 2020
First decision: April 25, 2020
Revised: April 30, 2020
Accepted: May 12, 2020
Article in press: May 12, 2020
Published online: May 29, 2020
Processing time: 95 Days and 1.7 Hours
Peer-review started: February 24, 2020
First decision: April 25, 2020
Revised: April 30, 2020
Accepted: May 12, 2020
Article in press: May 12, 2020
Published online: May 29, 2020
Processing time: 95 Days and 1.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Long-term prognosis following lung transplantation has not improved due to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Although a decade has passed since restrictive allograft syndrome with poor outcome was proposed, which was subsequently included as a new CLAD phenotype in the consensus report from International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation in 2019, detailed mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of CLAD from an immunological point of view.