Mediating effect of digital health literacy between preventive health service utilization and mental health among hospital personnel

doi:10.5498/wjp.120446

Advanced Search

BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge

Home / Archive / Volume 16, Issue 9

This Article

(2)

(1)

(0)

(1)

Peer-Review Report of This Article

CrossCheck and Google Search of This Article

Academic Rules and Norms of This Article

Citation of this article

Corresponding Author of This Article

Research Domain of This Article

Article-Type of This Article

Open-Access Policy of This Article

Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article

Journal Information of This Article

Publication Name

World Journal of Psychiatry

ISSN

2220-3206

Publisher of This Article

Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Sep 19, 2026; 16(9): 120446
Published online Sep 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.120446

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of main study variables (n = 688)

Variable	mean ± SD	Range
Comprehensive PHSU index (score)	6.8 ± 1.9	0-10
Annual physical examination completion rate (%)	82.8	-
Recommended vaccination rate (%)	76.5	-
Total DHL score	28.8 ± 5.5	16-40
Total GHQ-12 score	14.0 ± 4.3	3-28
MBI emotional exhaustion score	22.5 ± 7.0	5-40
MBI depersonalization score	6.4 ± 3.7	0-17
MBI reduced personal accomplishment score	32.6 ± 6.8	15-49

DHL: Digital health literacy; PHSU: Preventive health service utilization; GHQ-12: 12-item General Health Questionnaire; MBI: Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Results of Pearson correlation analysis of main study variables (r value, n = 688)

Variable	Comprehensive PHSU index	Total DHL score	Total GHQ-12 score	MBI emotional exhaustion	MBI depersonalization	MBI reduced personal accomplishment
Comprehensive PHSU Index	1	0.35^a	-0.29^a	-0.27^a	-0.22^a	0.24^a
Total DHL score	0.35^a	1	-0.32^a	-0.30^a	-0.25^a	0.26^a
Total GHQ-12 score	-0.29^a	-0.32^a	1	0.68^a	0.53^a	-0.49^a
MBI emotional exhaustion	-0.27^a	-0.30^a	0.68^a	1	0.50^a	-0.42^a
MBI depersonalization	-0.22^a	-0.25^a	0.53^a	0.50^a	1	-0.36^a
MBI reduced Personal accomplishment	0.24^a	0.26^a	-0.49^a	-0.42^a	-0.36^a	1

^aP < 0.001.

DHL: Digital health literacy; PHSU: Preventive health service utilization; GHQ-12: 12-item General Health Questionnaire; MBI: Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Full Size Table

Table 3 Results of Hierarchical Regression Analysis of preventive health service utilization on digital health literacy

Variable	β	t value	P value	R²	ΔR²
Step 1 (demographic variables)	-	-	-	0.07	-
Age	0.09	2.35	0.02	-	-
Gender (female = 1)	0.06	1.58	0.11	-	-
Educational background (bachelor’s degree and above = 1)	0.16	3.47	0.001	-	-
Occupation (nurse = 1)	-0.06	-1.52	0.13	-	-
Step 2 (including PHSU)	-	-	-	0.17	0.10^a
Age	0.08	2.12	0.03	-	-
Gender (female = 1)	0.05	1.32	0.19	-	-
Educational background (bachelor’s degree and above = 1)	0.14	3.01	0.003	-	-
Occupation (nurse = 1)	-0.05	-1.28	0.20	-	-
Comprehensive PHSU index	0.33	7.95	< 0.001	-	-

^aP < 0.001.

PHSU: Preventive health service utilization.

Full Size Table

Table 4 Results of hierarchical regression analysis of preventive health service utilization on total 12-item General Health Questionnaire score

Variable	β	t value	P value	R²	ΔR²
Step 1 (demographic variables)	-	-	-	0.06	-
Age	-0.10	-2.63	0.009	-	-
Gender (female = 1)	0.12	3.18	0.002	-	-
Educational background (bachelor’s degree and above = 1)	-0.13	-2.87	0.004	-	-
Occupation (nurse = 1)	0.11	2.95	0.003	-	-
Step 2 (including PHSU)	-	-	-	0.14	0.08^a
Age	-0.09	-2.35	0.02	-	-
Gender (female = 1)	0.11	2.92	0.004	-	-
Educational background (bachelor’s degree and above = 1)	-0.11	-2.48	0.013	-	-
Occupation (nurse = 1)	0.10	2.68	0.007	-	-
Comprehensive PHSU index	-0.26	-6.38	< 0.001	-	-

^aP < 0.001.

PHSU: Preventive health service utilization.

Full Size Table

Table 5 Results of the mediating effect test of digital health literacy between preventive health service utilization and total 12-item General Health Questionnaire Score (Bootstrap = 5000)

Type of effect	β	SE	95%CI	P value
Total effect	-0.26	0.04	-0.35 to -0.17	< 0.001
Direct effect	-0.16	0.04	-0.25 to -0.07	0.001
Indirect effect (PHSU-DHL-GHQ-12)	-0.10	0.02	-0.15 to -0.06	< 0.001

Control variables: Age, gender, education level, occupation. DHL: Digital health literacy; PHSU: Preventive health service utilization; GHQ-12: 12-item General Health Questionnaire; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

Full Size Table

Citation: Zhang SJ, Wang JJ. Mediating effect of digital health literacy between preventive health service utilization and mental health among hospital personnel. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(9): 120446
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i9/120446.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.120446

Zhang SJ, Wang JJ. Mediating effect of digital health literacy between preventive health service utilization and mental health among hospital personnel. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(9): 120446 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.120446]

All content on this site: Copyright © 1993-2026 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.