Screening and analysis of influencing factors for comorbidity of chronic glaucoma with depression and anxiety

Table 1 Comparison of clinical data between the comorbid anxiety-depression group and the non-comorbid group, n (%)/mean ± SD

Group		Depression-anxiety comorbidity group (n = 61)	Non-comorbidity group (n = 159)	t/χ2/Z	P value
Gender	Male	21 (34.43)	83 (52.20)	5.588	0.023
	Female	40 (65.57)	76 (47.80)
Age	< 40 years	2 (3.28)	44 (27.67)	17.838	0.000
	40-60 years	24 (39.34)	59 (37.11)
	> 60 years	35 (57.38)	56 (35.22)
Type	Angle-closure	33 (54.10)	76 (47.80)	0.700	0.453
	Open-angle	28 (45.90)	83 (52.20)
Living environment	Urban	49 (80.33)	62 (38.99)	30.131	0.000
	Rural	12 (19.67)	97 (61.01)
Education level	High school or below	51 (83.61)	96 (60.38)	10.729	0.001
	Above high school	10 (16.39)	63 (39.62)
Monthly household income	≤ 3000 yuan/month	45 (73.77)	67 (42.14)	17.651	0.000
	> 3000 yuan/month	16 (26.23)	92 (57.86)
Best corrected visual acuity		0.61 ± 0.16	0.70 ± 0.13	4.456	0.000
Intraocular pressure (mmHg)		15.02 ± 3.01	14.90 ± 3.04	0.284	0.777
Disease duration	< 10 years	15 (24.59)	99 (62.26)	25.062	0.000
	≥ 10 years	46 (75.41)	60 (37.74)
Surgical history	Surgery group	32 (52.46)	86 (54.09)	0.047	0.880
	Non-surgery group	29 (47.54)	73 (45.91)
Types of topical eye drops	≥ 1 type	41 (67.21)	103 (64.78)	0.115	0.755
	< 1 type	20 (32.79)	56 (35.22)
Visual field defect stage	Early stage	11 (18.03)	97 (61.01)	35.908	0.000
	Moderate stage	28 (45.90)	44 (27.67)
	Advanced stage	22 (36.07)	18 (11.32)

Table 2 Variable assignment

Factor	Assignment
Presence of comorbid depression and anxiety	Y	Absent = 0, present = 1
Gender	X1	Male = 0, female = 1
Age (years)	X2	< 40 = 1, 40-60 = 2, > 60 = 3
Living environment	X3	Rural = 0, urban = 1
Education level	X4	Above high school = 0, high school or below = 1
Monthly household income (yuan/month)	X5	> 3000 = 0, ≤ 3000 = 1
Disease duration (years)	X6	< 10 = 0, ≥ 10 = 1
Visual field defect stage	X7	Early stage = 0, moderate stage = 1, advanced stage = 2
Best corrected visual acuity	X8	Enter actual value

Table 3 Univariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors for comorbid depression and anxiety in patients with chronic glaucoma

Influencing factor	β	SE	χ2 value	P value	Odds ratio	95%CI
						Lower	Upper
Gender	0.347	0.374	3.217	0.213	1.462	0.115	2.314
Age (years)	1.286	0.892	4.658	0.037	2.324	1.619	2.946
Living environment	0.645	0.332	2.661	0.415	2.422	0.758	3.246
Education level	0.093	0.215	2.109	0.008	1.664	1.012	1.975
Monthly household income (yuan/month)	1.511	0.637	5.384	0.024	1.346	1.106	1.805
Disease duration (years)	0.672	0.103	3.726	0.042	1.223	1.023	1.528
Visual field defect stage	1.024	0.758	2.891	0.016	2.163	1.446	2.248
Best corrected visual acuity	0.835	0.254	4.003	0.033	2.562	1.456	2.859
Constant term	-2.518	0.653	14.87	0.000	-	-	-

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors for comorbid depression and anxiety in patients with chronic glaucoma

Influencing factor	β	SE	χ2 value	P value	Odds ratio	95%CI
						Lower	Upper
Disease duration	0.317	0.324	3.416	0.037	1.373	1.002	1.682
Monthly household income	1.659	0.817	2.138	0.012	2.254	1.886	2.634
Visual field defect stage	0.084	0.059	5.092	0.049	1.088	1.012	1.138
Age	1.243	0.632	4.327	0.683	2.367	0.994	2.886
Education level	0.472	0.148	2.759	0.256	1.503	0.769	1.940
Best corrected visual acuity	1.801	0.973	3.871	0.812	1.057	0.345	1.684
Constant term	-3.452	0.921	14.047	0.000	-	-	-