Status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

doi:10.5498/wjp.117399

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Jul 19, 2026; 16(7): 117399
Published online Jul 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.117399

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the with anxiety/depression group and the without anxiety/depression group, mean ± SD/n (%)

Variable		With anxiety/depression (n = 215)	Without anxiety/depression (n = 316)	χ²/t	P value
Age (years)		29.62 ± 3.11	29.34 ± 2.89	t = 1.063	0.289
Gravidity (seconds)		2.24 ± 0.65	2.20 ± 0.61	t = 0.722	0.471
Parity (seconds)		1.33 ± 0.25	1.35 ± 0.19	t = 1.046	0.296
Place of residence	Town	159 (73.95)	251 (79.43)	χ² = 2.181	0.140
Place of residence	Countryside	56 (26.05)	65 (20.57)	χ² = 2.181	0.140
Education level	College degree or above	68 (31.63)	135 (42.72)	χ² = 29.444	< 0.001
	High school/vocational school	114 (53.02)	172 (54.43)
	Junior high school and below	33 (15.35)	9 (2.85)
Employment status	Employed	157 (73.02)	220 (69.62)	χ² = 0.720	0.396
Employment status	Unemployed	58 (26.98)	96 (30.38)	χ² = 0.720	0.396
Regular prenatal checkups	Yes	188 (87.44)	278 (87.97)	χ² = 0.034	0.854
Regular prenatal checkups	No	27 (12.56)	38 (12.03)	χ² = 0.034	0.854
Fetal sex	Male	110 (51.16)	157 (49.68)	χ² = 0.112	0.738
Fetal sex	Female	105 (48.84)	159 (50.32)	χ² = 0.112	0.738
Gestational age at delivery	≥ 37 weeks	74 (34.42)	97 (30.70)	χ² = 0.812	0.368
Gestational age at delivery	< 37 weeks	141 (65.58)	219 (69.30)	χ² = 0.812	0.368
Mode of delivery	Vaginal delivery	112 (52.09)	180 (56.96)	χ² = 1.226	0.268
Mode of delivery	Cesarean section	103 (47.91)	136 (43.04)	χ² = 1.226	0.268
Postpartum mother–infant separation	Yes	126 (58.60)	113 (35.76)	χ² = 26.979	< 0.001
Postpartum mother–infant separation	No	89 (41.40)	203 (64.24)	χ² = 26.979	< 0.001
Family support level	Low	70 (32.56)	35 (11.08)	χ² = 38.515	< 0.001
	Medium	82 (38.14)	142 (44.94)
	High	63 (29.30)	139 (43.99)
Sleep disorder	Yes	132 (61.40)	115 (36.39)	χ² = 32.151	< 0.001
Sleep disorder	No	83 (38.60)	201 (63.61)	χ² = 32.151	< 0.001

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Table 2 Assignment of independent variables

Variable	Variable type	Assignment
Place of residence	Categorical variable	1 = “Countryside”, 0 = “Town”
Education level	Categorical variable	1 = “Junior high school and below”, 2 = “High school/vocational school”, 3 = “College degree or above”
Postpartum mother-infant separation	Categorical variable	1 = “Yes”, 0 = “No”
Family support level	Categorical variable	1 = “Low”, 2 = “Medium”, 3 = “High”
Sleep disorders	Categorical variable	1 = “Yes”, 0 = “No”

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Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of factors influencing anxiety and depression in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Variable		B	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI
Place of residence		-0.497	0.286	3.027	0.082	0.608	0.347-1.065
Education level	High school/vocational school	3.839	1.078	12.689	< 0.001	46.458	5.621-383.979
Education level	Junior high school and below	0.713	0.330	4.661	0.031	2.039	1.068-3.894
Postpartum mother-infant separation		0.643	0.264	5.939	0.015	1.902	1.134-3.190
Family support level	Medium	2.099	0.451	21.639	< 0.001	8.157	3.369-19.751
Family support level	Low	0.676	0.317	4.560	0.030	1.967	1.057-3.658
Sleep disorders		0.649	0.257	6.367	0.012	1.914	1.156-3.169

B: Unstandardized coefficient; SE: Standard error; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

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Table 4 Correlation between various indicators and anxiety and depression in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (r/P)

Variable	SAS score	SDS score
Education level	-0.660/< 0.001	-0.680/< 0.001
Postpartum mother-infant separation	0.635/< 0.001	0.637/< 0.001
Family support level	-0.690/< 0.001	-0.704/< 0.001
Sleep disorders	0.540/< 0.001	0.545/< 0.001

SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale.

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Citation: Yang N, Chen YH, Li LX, Lai XL. Status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(7): 117399
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i7/117399.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.117399

Yang N, Chen YH, Li LX, Lai XL. Status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(7): 117399 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.117399]

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