Relationship between body image and stigma among Chinese breast cancer patients: A chain mediation model

Table 1 Participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics (n = 298)

Characteristics	Variable	Frequency	Percent (%)
Age	≤ 39	85	18.5
	40-59	132	44.3
	≥ 60	111	37.2
Occupational status	Not working	73	24.5
	working	144	48.3
	Retired	81	27.2
Income	Low-income	101	33.9
	Middle-income	152	51.0
	High-income	45	15.1
Marital status	Married	256	85.9
	Divorced/widowed	42	14.1
Residence	Rural	180	60.4
	Urban	118	39.6
Cancer stage	Stage I	54	18.1
	Stage II	86	28.9
	Stage III	127	42.6
	Stage IV	31	10.4

Table 2 Correlations among body image, resilience, social support, and stigma

Outcome variables	mean ± SD	1	2	3	4
1 Body image	97.6 ± 11.9	1.00
2 Resilience	79.5 ± 14.9	-0.535a	1.00
3 Social support	48.8 ± 8.7	-0.619a	0.724a	1.00
4 Stigma	24.3 ± 6.2	-0.690a	0.570a	0.668a	1.00

^aP < 0.01.

Table 3 Regression results in the chain mediation analysis

Criterion	Predictors	R	R2	F	B	β	t	95%CI
Resilience	Body image	0.591	0.349	77.698	-0.535	-0.33	-23.18	-0.299-0.354
Social support	Body image	0.525	0.276	55.308	-0.325	-0.65	-21.36	-0.593 to 0.713
	Resilience				0.550	0.78	21.20	0.704-0.847
Stigma	Body image	0.596	0.355	68.492	-0.434	0.21	14.80	0.179-0.234
	Resilience				0.102	-0.36	-18.36	-0.030 to 0.397
	Social support				0.325	-0.88	-27.78	-0.818 to 0.942

R: Correlation coefficient; F: F-statistic; B: Unstandardized regression coefficient; β: Standardized regression coefficient; t: t-value; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 4 Test results of bootstrap mediation effect

Effect relationship	Effect size	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
Total effect	0.615	0.542	0.687
Direct effect	0.184	0.031	0.313
Total indirect effect	0.431	0.307	0.558
Body image → resilience → stigma	0.250	0.165	0.363
Body image → social support→ stigma	0.129	0.030	0.237
Body image → resilience → social support → stigma	0.053	0.012	0.099

Boot LLCI: Bootstrap lower confidence interval; Boot ULCI: Bootstrap upper confidence interval.