Effects of butorphanol combined with ropivacaine on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels and postpartum depression in labor analgesia

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the two groups, mean ± SD

Clinical data categories	Research group	Control group	P value
Age (years)	29.06 ± 3.99	30.27 ± 3.95	0.718
Fetal age (weeks)	39.46 ± 0.96	38.74 ± 5.45	0.829
Weight (kg)	67.57 ± 8.62	66.81 ± 8.06	0.759
Altitude (cm)	160.00 ± 4.00	157.00 ± 4.00	0.327

Table 2 Visual Analog Scale scores

VAS score clinical manifestations
Level 0-3 is classified as mild pain, and patients are more likely to experience it. Acceptance, able to sleep	0	Analgesia
	1	Painless when lying flat, pain on the side
	2	Deep breathing is painless, coughing is painful
Pain of 4 to 6 is classified as moderate pain, and patients sleep, dyssomnia	3	I feel pain when I take a deep breath and cough
	4	Slight pain when lying flat
	5	Pain is persistent when lying flat
Pain on a scale of 7 to 10 is classified as severe and patients are unable to sleep	6	The pain gets worse when lying down
	7	More severe pain
	8	Pain is persistent, unbearable and severe
	9	Unbearable pain
	10	The pain was unbearable

Table 3 Comparison of analgesic effect indexes and ropivacaine dosage in two groups of parturients, mean ± SD

Group	Case load	Time to onset of analgesics (minutes)	First PCA time (minutes)	Total PCA drug volume (mL)
Control group	57	5.1 ± 1.8	88.0 (57.5-102.5)	36.9 (15.0-47.2)
Research Group	57	4.3 ± 1.9	85.0 (55.0-98.0)	38.2 (18.0-48.0)
t		2.308
P value		0.023	0.226	0.734

PCA: Patient-controlled analgesia.

Table 4 Comparison of Visual Analog Scale scores between the two groups at different time points, mean ± SD

Group	T0	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
Control group	8.20 ± 0.61	3.02 ± 0.38	4.68 ± 0.31	5.04 ± 0.37	3.61 ± 0.29	2.69 ± 0.18
Research group	8.12 ± 0.56	2.03 ± 0.35	4.31 ± 0.28	4.57 ± 0.33	3.26 ± 0.19	2.41 ± 0.21
t	0.483	9.581	4.428	4.740	4.67	4.9
P value	0.581	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.002	0.089

Table 5 Comparison of Ramsay scores at different time points, mean ± SD

Group	Case load	T0	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
Control group	57	1.0 ± 0.2	2.2 ± 0.4	2.1 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.5	1.6 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.3
Research group	57	1.0 ± 0.1	2.3 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.5	1.6 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.3
t		0.000	1.179	1.295	0.000	0.000	0.000
P value		1.000	0.241	0.198	1.000	1.000	1.000

Table 6 Comparison of neonatal behavioral neurological assessment score, Apgar score, respiratory depression, and total cost between two groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case load	24 hours NABA	1 minute Apgar	Total cost (yuan)	Respiratory depression
Control group	57	38.89 ± 1.00	9.77 ± 0.72	575.68 ± 33.75	0
Research group	57	38.74 ± 0.87	9.63 ± 0.58	568.82 ± 30.43	0
t		0.854	1.143	1.140	0.000
P value		0.395	0.255	0.257	1.000

NABA: Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment.

Table 7 Comparison of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	ACTH (pg/mL)		t	P value	Cortisol (μg/dL)		t	P value
	Preanesthesia	Two hours after delivery			Preanesthesia	Two hours after delivery
Control group (n = 57)	25.46 ± 3.10	15.88 ± 5.33	3.684	0.007	45.27 ± 9.47	40.87 ± 9.05	2.934	0.019
Research group (n = 57)	26.05 ± 3.14	10.20 ± 4.26	4.529	0.014	39.38 ± 10.36	35.24 ± 6.08	5.587	0.028
t	0.147	5.397			0.314	3.136
P value	0.792	0.000			0.665	0.000

ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Table 8 Comparison of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores and predicts postpartum depression occurrence between two groups, mean ± SD

Group	EPDS scores				PPD incidence, n (%)
	Delivery room	Two hours after delivery	1 day after delivery	Seven days after delivery
Control group (n = 57)	3.98 ± 1.20	2.87 ± 1.23	3.69 ± 1.42	1.64 ± 0.65	3 (5.26)
Research group (n = 57)	4.02 ± 1.87	2.90 ± 1.32	3.05 ± 1.28	0.92 ± 0.40	0 (0.00)
t/χ2	0.136	0.126	2.528	7.122	1.369
P value	0.892	0.900	0.013	< 0.001	0.242

EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PPD: Predicts postpartum depression.