Prevalence of depression and anxiety and related influencing factors in the Chinese population with noncommunicable chronic diseases: A network perspective

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants

Characteristics	Total	Depression participants	P value	Anxiety participants	P value
Age (years)	39.43 (18.85)	47.64 (20.02)	< 0.001	47.09 (19.89)	< 0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2)	21.97 (4.37)	21.69 (4.43)	< 0.001	21.63 (4.44)	< 0.001
Gender			< 0.001		< 0.001
Male	3211 (47.1)	2083 (45.2)		1719 (45.0)
Female	3601 (52.9)	2524 (54.8)		2097 (55.0)
Marital status			< 0.001		< 0.001
Unmarried	1647 (24.2)	1344 (29.2)		1140 (29.9)
Married	4569 (66.9)	2843 (61.7)		2335 (61.2)
Divorced	190 (2.8)	143 (3.1)		119 (3.1)
Widowed	415 (6.1)	277 (6.0)		222 (5.8)
Ethnicity			0.207		0.742
Han	6191 (90.9)	4173 (90.6)		3472 (91.0)
Non-Han	621 (9.1)	434 (9.4)		344 (9.0)
Residency			0.255		0.038
Urban	4676 (68.6)	3142 (68.2)		2580 (67.6)
Rural	2136 (31.4)	1465 (31.8)		1236 (32.4)
Education level			< 0.001		< 0.001
Illiterate/semi-literate	645 (9.5)	398 (8.6)		320 (8.4)
Primary school	1013 (14.9)	639 (13.9)		522 (13.7)
Middle school	2376 (34.9)	1533 (33.3)		1264 (33.1)
College or higher	2778 (40.7)	2037 (44.2)		1710 (44.8)
Monthly income			0.005		< 0.001
≤ 1000 CNY	571 (8.4)	401 (8.7)		336 (8.8)
1001-3000 CNY	1972 (28.9)	1286 (27.9)		1024 (26.8)
3001-5000 CNY	1979 (29.1)	1321 (28.7)		1117 (29.3)
> 5000 CNY	2290 (33.6)	1599 (34.7)		1339 (35.1)
Living alone			< 0.001		< 0.001
Yes	1134 (16.6)	874 (19.0)		752 (19.7)
No	5678 (83.4)	3733 (81.0)		3064 (80.3)

Income corresponds to monthly values in Chinese yuan (CNY). Approximate United State dollar (USD) equivalents (2022 average exchange rate: 1 USD = 6.72 CNY): (1) ≤ 149 USD; (2) 149-446 USD; (3) 446-744 USD; and (4) > 744 USD. CNY: Chinese yuan.