Correlation between anxiety, depression, sense of coherence, and post-traumatic growth in patients who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery

Table 1 Anxiety and depression status of patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery, mean ± SD/n (%)

Indicators	< 8	≥ 8	Mild	Moderate	Severe
HADS-A (score)	69 (32.70)	142 (67.30)	38 (18.01)	42 (19.91)	62 (29.38)
	4.99 ± 1.85	13.44 ± 3.81	-	-	-
	10.67 ± 5.16
HADS-D (score)	83 (39.34)	128 (60.66)	53 (25.12)	46 (21.80)	29 (13.74)
	4.73 ± 1.85	11.95 ± 3.4	-	-	-
	9.11 ± 4.56

HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression.

Table 2 Sense of coherence in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery, mean ± SD

Indicators	Score range	Score
Comprehensibility	5-35	20.64 ± 4.79
Controllability	4-28	17.69 ± 4.68
Meaningfulness	4-28	17.40 ± 4.68
SOC-13 (score)	13-91	55.73 ± 8.81
Low level, n (%)	13-63	170 (80.57)
Moderate level, n (%)	64-79	40 (18.96)
High level, n (%)	80-91	1 (0.47)

SOC-13: 13-item sense of coherence scale.

Table 3 Post-traumatic growth in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery, mean ± SD

Indicators	Score range	Score
Personal strength	0-15	8.32 ± 3.26
Appreciation of life	0-30	16.39 ± 6.18
Relating to others	0-15	8.19 ± 3.27
New possibilities	0-20	11.27 ± 3.73
Spiritual change	0-20	10.75 ± 3.94
CPTGI (score)	0-100	54.93 ± 9.92
Low level, n (%)	0-59	136 (64.45)
Moderate level, n (%)	60-65	48 (22.75)
High level, n (%)	66-100	27 (12.80)

CPTGI: Chinese version of Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory.

Table 4 Univariate analysis of influencing factors of post-traumatic growth in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery, n (%)

Indicators	Low-level group (n = 136)	Moderate-level group (n = 75)	χ2	P value
Age (year)			3.242	0.072
< 65	64 (47.06)	45 (60.00)
≥ 65	72 (52.94)	30 (40.00)
Gender			1.984	0.159
Male	79 (58.09)	36 (48.00)
Female	57 (41.91)	39 (52.00)
AO/OTA classification			1.161	0.281
Stable	62 (45.59)	40 (53.33)
Unstable	74 (54.41)	35 (46.67)
Presence of comorbidities			11.580	< 0.001
No	28 (20.59)	32 (42.67)
Yes	108 (79.41)	43 (57.33)
Educational attainment			6.048	0.014
Below senior high school	82 (60.29)	38 (50.67)
Senior high school or above	54 (39.71)	37 (49.33)
Marital status			0.148	0.700
Married	103 (75.74)	55 (73.33)
Unmarried	33 (24.26)	20 (26.67)
Monthly family income (yuan)			16.689	< 0.001
< 3500	87 (63.97)	26 (34.67)
≥ 3500	49 (36.03)	49 (65.33)
Exercise habits			13.662	< 0.001
None	123 (90.44)	53 (70.67)
Yes	13 (9.56)	22 (29.33)

AO: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen; OTA: Orthopaedic Trauma Association.

Table 5 Multivariate analysis of influencing factors of post-traumatic growth in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery

Indicators	B	SE	WALD	P value	OR	95%CI
Presence of comorbidities	1.011	0.343	8.706	0.003	2.747	1.404-5.376
Educational attainment	0.420	0.325	1.668	0.196	1.522	0.805-2.879
Monthly family income (Yuan)	1.192	0.325	13.479	< 0.001	3.292	1.743-6.220
Exercise habits	1.537	0.425	13.100	< 0.001	4.651	2.023-10.692

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.