Based on real-world data: Risk factors and prediction model for mental disorders induced by rabies vaccination

Table 1 Comparison of general characteristics between the psychiatric disorder group and the non-psychiatric disorder group, n (%)

Variable	Psychiatric disorder group (n = 88)	Non-psychiatric disorder group (n = 296)	χ² value	P value
Gender			0.006	0.937
Male	42 (48.84)	146 (49.32)
Female	44 (51.16)	150 (50.68)
Age (years)			0.470	0.791
18-35	31 (35.23)	98 (33.11)
36-60	42 (47.73)	138 (46.62)
> 60	15 (17.05)	60 (20.27)
Residence			12.522	0.001
Urban	52 (59.09)	112 (37.84)
Rural	36 (40.91)	184 (62.16)
Education level			15.643	< 0.001
Primary school or below	44 (50.00)	86 (29.05)
Middle/high school	28 (31.82)	104 (35.14)
College or above	16 (18.18)	106 (35.81)
Occupation			4.665	0.046
Healthcare worker	4 (4.55)	34 (11.49)
Public institution	24 (27.27)	112 (37.84)
Corporate employee	25 (28.41)	108 (36.49)
Self-employed	18 (20.45)	27 (9.12)
Farmer/worker	12 (13.64)	13 (4.05)
Other	5 (5.68)	2 (0.68)
Monthly family income (Chinese yuan)			11.553	0.003
< 5000	28 (31.82)	46 (15.54)
5001-10000	42 (47.73)	175 (59.12)
> 10000	18 (20.45)	75 (25.34)
Family status			6.638	0.024
Complete	25 (28.41)	128 (43.24)
Living alone	22 (25.00)	65 (21.96)
Unmarried	18 (20.45)	48 (16.22)
Divorced/widowed	23 (26.14)	55 (18.58)
Exposure method			0.026	0.987
Bite	35 (39.77)	115 (38.85)
Scratch	42 (47.73)	143 (48.31)
Other	11 (12.50)	38 (12.84)
Exposure site			20.303	< 0.001
Head/neck	30 (34.09)	45 (15.20)
Trunk	35 (39.77)	108 (36.49)
Limbs	23 (26.14)	143 (48.31)
Exposure degree			22.646	< 0.001
Grade II	62 (70.45)	268 (90.54)
Grade III	26 (29.55)	28 (9.46)
Number of wounds			8.416	0.004
1 wound	65 (73.86)	257 (86.82)
> 1 wound	23 (26.14)	39 (13.18)
Wound management			0.317	0.853
Self-managed	31 (35.23)	95 (32.09)
Unmanaged	14 (15.91)	51 (17.23)
Clinic managed	43 (48.86)	150 (50.68)
Time from injury to visit			1.970	0.374
< 6 hours	25 (28.41)	92 (31.08)
6-12 hours	36 (40.91)	135 (45.61)
> 12 hours	27 (30.68)	69 (23.31)
Rabies immune globulin			0.438	0.508
Yes	73 (82.95)	254 (85.81)
No	15 (17.05)	42 (14.19)
Full vaccine course			0.412	0.521
Yes	82 (93.18)	283 (95.61)
No	6 (6.82)	13 (4.39)
Awareness of rabies prevention			15.930	< 0.001
Aware	45 (51.14)	218 (73.65)
Unaware	43 (48.86)	78 (26.35)

Table 2 Variable assignments for logistic regression analysis of risk factors associated with psychiatric disorders following rabies vaccination

Factor	Coding
Residence	Urban = 1; Rural = 0
Education level	Primary school or below = 1; Middle/high school = 0; College or above = 0
Occupation	Farmer/worker = 1; All other categories = 0
Monthly family income (Chinese yuan)	< 5000 = 1; 5001–10000 = 0; > 10000 = 0
family status	Living alone/unmarried/divorced or widowed = 1; Complete = 0
Exposure site	Head/neck = 1; Trunk = 0; Limbs = 0
Exposure degree	Grade III = 1; Grade II = 0
Number of wounds	> 1 wound = 1; 1 wound = 0
Awareness of rabies prevention	Unaware = 1; Aware = 0

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of risk factors associated with psychiatric disorders following rabies vaccination

Factor	β	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI
Urban	-0.139	0.128	1.179	0.468	0.870	0.248-3.052
Primary school or below	1.179	0.248	22.601	0.001	3.251	1.548-6.826
Non-medical occupation	-0.151	0.276	1.873	0.522	0.588	0.140-5.876
Monthly income < 5000 (Chinese yuan)	0.171	0.108	2.507	0.260	1.187	0.342-4.120
Divorced/widowed/unmarried/living alone	1.247	0.360	11.999	0.001	3.480	1.548-7.825
Head/neck exposure site	1.402	0.271	26.764	< 0.001	4.062	1.675-9.852
Grade III exposure	0.910	0.212	18.425	< 0.001	2.483	1.125-5.482
> 1 wound	1.386	0.412	11.317	< 0.001	3.999	1.848-8.652
Low awareness of rabies prevention	1.028	0.364	7.976	0.010	2.795	1.052-7.425

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.