Investigation of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, specialized psychological nursing intervention measures, and key point analysis

Table 1 Univariate analysis of depressed mood in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, n (%)

Variables	Depression (n = 132)	Normal (n = 48)	t/χ² value	P value
Age	62.40 ± 5.31	61.58 ± 5.28	0.918	0.360
Menopausal years	14.26 ± 3.75	13.59 ± 3.84	1.053	0.293
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.35 ± 1.27	24.10 ± 1.23	1.178	0.240
Degree of education
Primary school and below	103 (78.03)	30 (62.50)
Junior middle school	22 (16.67)	15 (31.25)	4.848	0.089
High school and above	7 (5.30)	3 (6.25)
Marital status
Single/widowed	42 (31.82)	10 (20.83)	2.068	0.150
In marriage	90 (68.18)	38 (79.17)
Activity intensity
Low strength	75 (56.82)	18 (37.50)	5.260	0.022
Medium and high intensity	57 (43.18)	30 (62.50)
Bone mineral density (g/cm2)
Lumbar spine L2-L4	0.55 ± 0.12	0.64 ± 0.13	4.351	< 0.001
Hip	0.60 ± 0.13	0.68 ± 0.14	3.576	< 0.001
Collum femoris	0.57 ± 0.11	0.65 ± 0.12	4.211	< 0.001
Combined chronic diseases
Yes	81 (61.36)	20 (41.67)	5.545	0.019
No	51 (38.64)	28 (58.33)
Taking calcium tablets
Yes	78 (59.09)	39 (81.25)	7.597	0.006
No	54 (40.91)	9 (18.75)
Sex hormone levels
Follicle-stimulating hormone (mIU/mL)	25.14 ± 3.28	24.96 ± 3.37	0.323	0.747
Luteinizing hormone (mIU/mL)	18.87 ± 2.59	18.96 ± 2.45	0.209	0.835
Estradiol (pg/mL)	24.46 ± 5.11	28.24 ± 5.39	4.325	< 0.001
Progesterone (ng/mL)	2.19 ± 0.52	2.16 ± 0.48	0.349	0.727
5-hydroxytryptamine (μg/mL)	25.79 ± 3.53	30.54 ± 3.82	7.809	< 0.001

Bone mineral density (g/cm²) was measured at the lumbar spine (L2-L4), hip, and collum femoris (femoral neck).

Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of depressed mood in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Factor	Beta	Sb	Wald χ² value	P value	Odds ratio	95%CI
Lumbar spine L2-L4 bone mineral density ≤ 0.60 g/cm2	0.665	0.427	3.116	0.039	1.796	1.082-2.053
Hip bone mineral density of 0.65 g/cm2	0.629	0.438	2.708	0.226	1.543	0.952-1.853
Bone density of femoral neck ≤ 0.60 g/cm2	0.533	0.326	3.356	0.040	1.634	1.145-1.991
Combined chronic diseases	0.835	0.367	4.195	0.015	1.857	1.187-3.025
Take calcium tablets	-0.923	0.554	3.371	0.024	0.599	0.308-0.857
Medium and high intensity activities	-0.782	0.451	2.584	0.032	0.611	0.359-0.916
Estradiol ≤ 26.0 pg/mL	0.725	0.760	2.429	0.092	1.357	0.917-1.746
5-hydroxytryptamine ≤ 28.0 μg/mL	0.483	0.571	1.987	0.036	1.405	1.035-2.929