Elderly care needs and factors influencing negative emotions among first-generation only child parents in a Chinese city

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of people

Variable	People (n = 1580)	Percentage (%)
Sex
Male	781	49.43
Female	799	50.57
Age (year)
60-69	764	48.35
70-79	566	35.82
80-89	220	13.92
≥ 90	30	1.90
Education
Illiteracy	541	34.24
Primary	601	38.04
Secondary	296	18.73
Technical secondary school/high school	106	6.71
College and above	36	2.28
Distribution of pension needs
Home care	1120	70.89
Community care	324	20.51
Institutional care	136	8.61
Negative emotions
Yes	460	29.11
No	1120	70.89

Table 2 Univariate analysis of negative emotions, n (%)

Variable	Without negative emotions (n = 1120)	Negative emotions (n = 460)	P value
Gender			0.181
Male	537 (47.95)	244 (53.04)
Female	583 (52.05)	216 (46.96)
Age (years)			0.033
60-69	565 (50.45)	199 (43.26)
70-79	390 (34.82)	176 (38.26)
80-89	140 (12.5)	80 (17.39)
≥ 90	25 (2.23)	5 (1.09)
Education			0.363
Illiterate	369 (32.95)	165 (35.87)
Primary school	427 (38.13)	174 (37.83)
Junior high	222 (19.82)	81 (17.61)
Vocational/high school	80 (7.14)	26 (5.65)
College and above	22 (1.96)	14 (3.04)
Occupation before retirement			0.341
None	338 (30.18)	123 (26.74)
Some	782 (69.82)	337 (73.26)
Marital status			< 0.001
Unmarried	22 (1.96)	23 (5)
Married	862 (76.96)	319 (69.35)
Widowed	223 (19.91)	110 (23.91)
Divorced	13 (1.16)	8 (1.74)
Living situation			< 0.001
Living alone	88 (7.86)	67 (14.57)
Living with spouse	664 (59.29)	237 (51.52)
Living with children	350 (31.25)	101 (21.96)
Other	18 (1.61)	55 (11.96)
Monthly income (yuan)			0.759
< 1000	755 (67.41)	291 (63.26)
1000-2000	241 (21.52)	108 (23.48)
2001-3000	88 (7.86)	45 (9.78)
> 3000	36 (3.21)	16 (3.48)
Disability			0.022
None	984 (87.86)	389 (84.57)
Yes	136 (12.14)	71 (15.43)
Medical payment method			0.721
Urban employee basic	532 (47.5)	225 (48.91)
Urban resident basic	67 (5.98)	23 (5)
New rural cooperative	481 (42.95)	186 (40.43)
Commercial health insurance	2 (0.18)	1 (0.22)
Other	38 (3.39)	25 (5.43)
Chronic diseases			< 0.001
None	561 (50.09)	195 (42.39)
1 type	367 (32.77)	163 (35.43)
2 types	132 (11.79)	76 (16.52)
≥ 3 types	60 (5.36)	26 (5.65)
Frailty status			< 0.001
Healthy	660 (58.93)	130 (28.26)
Pre-frail	343 (30.63)	180 (39.13)
Frail	117 (10.45)	150 (32.61)
Family support			< 0.001
Good	612 (54.64)	160 (34.78)
Mild to moderate impairment	330 (29.46)	162 (35.22)
Severe impairment	178 (15.89)	138 (30)

Table 3 Description of assignment

Item	Assignment
Age	60-69 years = 1, 70-79 years = 2, 80-89 years = 3, ≥ 90 years = 4
Marital status	Single = 1, married = 2, widowed = 3, divorced = 4
Living situation	Living alone = 1, living with spouse = 2, living with children = 3, other = 4
Disability	No = 0, yes = 1
Chronic disease types	None = 0, 1 type = 1, 2 types = 2, ≥ 3 types = 3
Frailty status	Healthy period = 1, pre-frailty = 2, frailty period = 3
Family support	Good = 1, mild to moderate impairment = 2, severe impairment = 3

Table 4 Binary logistic regression analysis of negative emotions

Variable	OR	95%CI	P value
Disability	2.408	1.109-1.832	0.043
Living situation	2.315	1.165-1.871	0.036
Age	2.536	1.107-3.336	0.917
Chronic diseases	2.187	1.103-1.748	< 0.001
Marital status	2.951	1.756-2.219	0.876
Frailty status	2.343	1.274-1.923	0.025
Family support	3.622	1.315-5.397	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.