Burden of mental disorders and risk factors in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2021

Table 1 Comparison of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years for mental disorders over the specified years in the Western Pacific region (1990, 2019, and 2021)

	1990		2019		2021
	Number, in millions (95%UI)	Age-standardised rate per 100000 (95%UI)	Number, in millions (95%UI)	Age-standardised rate per 100000 (95%UI)	Number, in millions (95%UI)	Age-standardised rate per 100000 (95%UI)
All mental disorders
Prevalence	174.40 (160.17, 189.84)	11245.56 (10378.24, 12175.34)	220.18 (205.57, 235.18)	10907.04 (10122.23, 11735.19)	234.90 (219.04, 252.50)	11479.42 (10651.52, 12422.04)
Incidence	54.50 (49.38, 61.53)	3528.01 (3202.83, 3942.15)	71.54 (65.12, 79.64)	3414.98 (3113.25, 3782.82)	75.67 (68.01, 84.56)	3574.89 (3236.54, 4018.22)
DALYs	22.8 (17.22, 28.79)	1471.73 (1112.56, 1854.35)	30.16 (22.94, 38.14)	1440.00 (1092.79, 1821.63)	32.07 (24.50, 40.68)	1517.45 (1159.48, 1910.43)
Depressive disorders
Prevalence	43.71 (39.52, 48.73)	2929.95 (2655.17, 3247.59)	65.15 (58.73, 72.48)	2793.41 (2517.00, 3108.16)	69.26 (62.30, 76.93)	2923.94 (2625.80, 3251.37)
Incidence	39.77 (35, 46.1)	2598.99 (2290.13, 2990.86)	55.79 (49.68, 63.34)	2454.73 (2185.42, 2800.35)	58.50 (51.22, 67.61)	2547.84 (2238.25, 2950.88)
DALYs	6.96 (4.81, 9.40)	458.71 (319.61, 620.71)	9.97 (7.06, 13.45)	433.33 (305.24, 587.40)	10.53 (7.47, 14.20)	452.26 (317.33, 611.00)
Anxiety disorders
Prevalence	51.86 (44.47, 60.53)	3323.29 (2869.51, 3842.55)	62.72 (54.8, 71.59)	3108.83 (2682.97, 3581.50)	72.93 (62.75, 84.9)	3568.44 (3039.14, 4146.63)
Incidence	8.20 (6.75, 10.01)	521.81 (437.49, 626.19)	9.48 (8.05, 11.26)	504.11 (428.16, 598.12)	10.74 (8.97, 12.84)	566.45 (472.32, 689.88)
DALYs	6.26 (4.33, 8.66)	398.43 (277.88, 545.80)	7.47 (5.18, 10.18)	374.16 (261.67, 512.11)	8.67 (6, 11.8)	429.03 (297.18, 586.77)
Bipolar disorder
Prevalence	3.73 (3.11, 4.45)	240.96 (202.85, 284.04)	5.15 (4.36, 6.06)	237.06 (198.68, 281.15)	5.20 (4.40, 6.10)	237.76 (199.23, 282.11)
Incidence	0.27 (0.23, 0.32)	16.91 (14.29, 19.90)	0.33 (0.27, 0.38)	17.14 (14.47, 20.31)	0.33 (0.28, 0.39)	17.17 (14.49, 20.34)
DALYs	0.81 (0.53, 1.18)	52.08 (34.49, 74.97)	1.11 (0.73, 1.59)	51.48 (33.53, 74.15)	1.12 (0.73, 1.60)	51.56 (33.46, 74.24)
Schizophrenia
Prevalence	4.60 (3.93, 5.32)	298.37 (256.83, 342.64)	6.85 (5.91, 7.87)	304.42 (260.01, 351.49)	6.95 (5.99, 7.96)	307.88 (264.08, 355.09)
Incidence	0.32 (0.27, 0.37)	17.79 (15.24, 20.76)	0.32 (0.28, 0.38)	17.84 (15.23, 20.82)	0.32 (0.27, 0.38)	18.01 (15.35, 21.05)
DALYs	3.00 (2.26, 3.79)	193.79 (145.98, 243.81)	4.44 (3.32, 5.59)	198.56 (148.64, 250.44)	4.50 (3.33, 5.66)	200.62 (149.43, 253.12)
Autism spectrum disorders
Prevalence	11.28 (9.43, 13.32)	723.29 (604.16, 853.80)	14.05 (11.79, 16.64)	748.52 (627.48, 885.53)	14.16 (11.86, 16.79)	750.54 (628.69, 888.95)
Incidence	0.24 (0.20, 0.28)	16.05 (13.43, 18.95)	0.16 (0.14, 0.19)	16.35 (13.73, 19.24)	0.14 (0.12, 0.17)	16.63 (13.99, 19.62)
DALYs	2.13 (1.45, 3.00)	136.28 (92.89, 191.47)	2.63 (1.80, 3.71)	141.41 (96.47, 198.96)	2.65 (1.80, 3.74)	141.71 (96.57, 199.53)
Conduct disorder
Prevalence	7.87 (5.75, 10.13)	482.34 (352.84, 622.11)	6.57 (4.76, 8.42)	504.21 (365.43, 645.59)	6.79 (4.92, 8.70)	503.13 (364.50, 644.47)
Incidence	2.65 (1.91, 3.43)	173.58 (124.85, 224.88)	2.34 (1.68, 3.01)	180.36 (129.20, 231.90)	2.45 (1.75, 3.16)	179.86 (128.78, 231.42)
DALYs	0.96 (0.53, 1.51)	59.11 (32.22, 93.31)	0.81 (0.44, 1.27)	62.00 (33.97, 97.24)	0.84 (0.46, 1.32)	61.86 (33.92, 97.46)
ADHD
Prevalence	29.83 (22.17, 40.79)	1785.18 (1334.76, 2442.93)	28.48 (21.72, 38.41)	1829.75 (1383.51, 2480.11)	29.22 (22.21, 39.65)	1863.86 (1405.63, 2569.10)
Incidence	1.36 (0.93, 2.02)	92.37 (63.46, 137.33)	1.37 (0.95, 1.99)	106.57 (73.41, 154.57)	1.42 (0.97, 2.06)	107.03 (73.19, 155.09)
DALYs	0.36 (0.19, 0.59)	21.78 (11.73, 35.57)	0.35 (0.19, 0.56)	22.38 (12.20, 36.00)	0.36 (0.20, 0.57)	22.79 (12.72, 36.59)
Eating disorders
Prevalence	2.13 (1.58, 2.82)	118.45 (88.81, 156.14)	2.89 (2.19, 3.80)	168.81 (127.36, 222.30)	2.92 (2.21, 3.83)	174.79 (131.16, 231.38)
Incidence	1.70 (1.15, 2.45)	90.52 (62.49, 130.38)	1.74 (1.23, 2.45)	117.87 (81.37, 167.86)	1.77 (1.25, 2.48)	121.91 (84.01, 173.93)
DALYs	0.46 (0.27, 0.72)	25.45 (15.48, 39.70)	0.62 (0.39, 0.97)	36.40 (22.39, 56.83)	0.63 (0.39, 0.98)	37.67 (23.00, 58.73)
Idiopathic developmental intellectual disability
Prevalence	8.01 (3.10, 13.37)	500.34 (192.85, 838.15)	5.62 (1.72, 10.03)	330.38 (105.44, 580.28)	5.49 (1.66, 9.82)	323.19 (100.60, 568.37)
Incidence	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
DALYs	0.33 (0.11, 0.65)	20.64 (6.60, 40.83)	0.25 (0.07, 0.49)	14.39 (4.25, 28.87)	0.24 (0.07, 0.49)	14.09 (4.10, 28.43)
Other mental disorders
Prevalence	20.4 (15.93, 25.38)	1419.98 (1113.87, 1753.02)	33.79 (26.69, 41.96)	1422.88 (1116.32, 1758.21)	34.41 (27.23, 42.70)	1424.19 (1117.53, 1759.91)
Incidence	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)
DALYs	1.53 (0.97, 2.31)	105.45 (67.29, 160.16)	2.50 (1.62, 3.78)	105.88 (68.05, 160.85)	2.54 (1.64, 3.83)	105.87 (67.79, 160.70)

Data are n (95% uncertainty interval). DALYs: Disability-adjusted life-years; UI: Uncertainty interval; ADHD: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; NA: Not available.