Shugan Jieyu capsule effects on peripheral blood micro-124, micro-132, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with mild to moderate depression

doi:10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1354

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Sep 19, 2024 (publication date) through Mar 6, 2025

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Sep 19, 2024; 14(9): 1354-1363
Published online Sep 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1354

Table 1 Primer sequences for miR-124, miR-132, and U6

Gene	PCR primer sequences
miR-124	Forward: 5’-GCGGTGAATGCCAAAAA-3’
miR-124	Reverse: 5’-CGCAAGGATGACACGCAAATTCGT-3’
miR-132	Forward: 5’-ACCGTGGCTTTCGATTGTTA-3’
miR-132	Reverse: 5’-GGCGACCATGGCTGTAGACT-3’
U6	Forward: 5’-TTGTGGAAAGGACGAAACAC-3
U6	Reverse: 5'-GGCCATGCTAATCTTCTG- 3'

PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.

Table 2 Comparison of baseline characteristics between the two groups

Characteristic	Experimental group (n = 30)	Control group (n = 30)	P value
Age (year)	60.07 ± 4.89	61.79 ± 4.53	0.232
BMI (kg/m²)	23.92 ± 2.14	24.08 ± 2.67	0.768
Males (%)	46.7	56.7	0.436
< 2 stents (%)	63.3	53.3	0.432
≥ 2 stents (%)	36.7	46.7	0.432

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 3 Comparison of depression treatment effectiveness

Group	Experimental	Control	χ²	P value
Number of cases	30	30
Clinical control, n (%)	9 (30.00)	6 (20.00)
Significant effect, n (%)	11 (36.67)	14 (46.67)
Effective, n (%)	8 (26.67)	7 (23.33)
Ineffective, n (%)	2 (6.67)	3 (10.00)
Total, effectiveness rate n (%)	28 (93.33)	27 (90.00)	0.218	0.640

Table 4 Paired t-test analysis of 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score

Characteristic	Experimental group (n = 30)	Control group (n = 30)	P value
Age (year)	60.07 ± 4.89	61.79 ± 4.53	0.232
BMI (kg/m²)	23.92 ± 2.14	24.08 ± 2.67	0.768
Males (%)	46.7	56.7	0.436
< 2 stents (%)	63.3	53.3	0.432
≥ 2 stents (%)	36.7	46.7	0.432

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 5 Comparison of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in depression (mean ± SD, points)

Group	Number of cases	Main symptoms		Secondary symptoms
Group	Number of cases	Before treatment	After treatment	Before treatment	After treatment
Experimental	30	9.51 ± 2.09	3.12 ± 0.93^a	7.06 ± 1.27	2.84 ± 0.64^a
Control	30	9.32 ± 2.01	4.63 ± 1.09^a	7.14 ± 1.35	3.49 ± 0.72^a
t		0.359	5.772	0.236	3.696
P value		0.721	< 0.001	0.814	0.001

^aP < 0.05, in comparison to before treatment.

Table 6 Comparison of biochemical indicators between the two groups (mean ± SD, n = 30)

Group	Experimental	Control	t	P value
LDL-C (mmol/L)
Before treatment	3.21 ± 0.87	3.35 ± 0.68	0.694	0.490
After treatment	1.61 ± 0.66^a	1.97 ± 0.63^a	2.161	0.035
hs-CRP (mg/L)
Before treatment	8.47 ± 1.23	8.89 ± 1.56	1.157	0.252
After treatment	5.67 ± 0.59^a	6.25 ± 0.67^a	3.558	0.001
BDNF (ng/mL)
Before treatment	4.29 ± 0.97	4.58 ± 0.88	1.213	0.230
After treatment	13.71 ± 3.16^a	10.43 ± 3.93^a	3.563	0.001
miR-124
Before treatment	0.89 ± 0.25	0.93 ± 0.26	0.607	0.546
After treatment	1.22 ± 0.30^a	1.01 ± 0.27^a	2.850	0.006
miR-132
Before treatment	3.39 ± 0.78	3.22 ± 0.74	0.866	0.390
After treatment	1.41 ± 0.36^a	1.73 ± 0.49^a	2.883	0.006

^aP < 0.05, compared to before treatment within the same group.

LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Table 7 Comparison of lymphocyte subgroup indicators between the two groups (mean ± SD, n = 30)

Group	Experimental	Control	t	P value
CD3+T cells
Before treatment	53.45 ± 4.56	52.13 ± 5.11	0.924	0.568
After treatment	69.89 ± 5.03^a^,^b	58.32 ± 5.25^a	4.857	0.012
CD3+CD4+Th cells
Before treatment	29.23 ± 3.28	28.65 ± 3.42	0.874	0.646
After treatment	40.05 ± 3.96^a^,^b	32.35 ± 4.17^a	5.231	0.009
CD3+CD8+CTL cells
Before treatment	25.34 ± 2.92	26.76 ± 2.87	0.922	0.0324
After treatment	20.19 ± 3.18	24.24 ± 3.62	0.845	0.425
CD3-CD19+B cells
Before treatment	14.85 ± 2.33	12.56 ± 2.12	0.984	0.266
After treatment	10.63 ± 2.96	15.32 ± 3.33	1.011	0.123
CD3-CD56+16+NK cells
Before treatment	11.45 ± 2.91	12.77 ± 3.04	0.651	0.758
After treatment	15.66 ± 3.05^a	13.46 ± 3.12	3.864	0.011

^aP < 0.05, compared to before treatment within the same group.

^bP < 0.05, compared to the control group.

Th: T helper; NK: Natural killer.

Table 8 Comparison of the incidence rates of adverse reactions in two groups (cases)

Group	Experimental	Control	Fisher P value
Number of cases	30	30
Abdominal pain, n (%)	0 (0.00)	2 (6.67)
Nausea, n (%)	0 (0.00)	2 (6.67)
Vomiting, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (3.33)
Total incidence, n (%)	0 (0.00)	5 (16.67)	0.020

Citation: Zhang X, Liu Y, Tang HF, Jiang F, Chen CL, Wang TT, Gu HZ, Zhao Q, Ma R. Shugan Jieyu capsule effects on peripheral blood micro-124, micro-132, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with mild to moderate depression. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14(9): 1354-1363
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v14/i9/1354.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1354