Relationship between primary caregivers’ social support function, anxiety, and depression after interventional therapy for acute myocardial infarction patients

Table 1 Comparison of Social Support Rating scale scores of primary caregivers with Chinese norms

SSRS items	SSRS score (n = 300)	Chinese norm (n = 3342)	t value	P value
Objective support	7.05 ± 1.6	9.1 ± 3.0	11.690	< 0.001
Subjective support	16.9 ± 5.0	23.5 ± 4.3	25.110	< 0.001
Support utilization	4.7 ± 1.3	7.8 ± 2.0	26.350	< 0.001
Total scores of AMI caregivers	28.56 ± 5.31	40.5 ± 2.8	64.230	< 0.001

SSRS: Social Support Rating scale; AMI: Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Table 2 Comparison of Self Rating Anxiety Scale scores and SDS scores of primary caregivers with Chinese norms

Items	Scores (n = 300)	Chinese norm (n = 1338)	t value	P value
SAS	41.26 ± 6.58	29.78 ± 10.07	18.860	< 0.001
SDS	44.16 ± 7.54	33.46 ± 8.55	20.000	< 0.001

SAS: Self Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self Rating Depression Scale.

Table 3 Social Support Rating Scale scores of primary caregivers with different characteristics

Characteristics	Cases	SSRS scores	t/F value	P value
Age			1.317	0.189
< 60 yr	229	29.47 ± 6.96
≥ 60 yr	71	28.25 ± 6.34
Gender			2.123	0.035
Female	172	29.47 ± 6.96
Male	128	27.89 ± 5.49
Education levels			1.172	0.311
Junior high school and below	83	28.96 ± 7.16
High school or technical secondary school	100	30.07 ± 6.24
College or above	117	28.71 ± 6.98
Marital status			3.382	3.382
Never married	80	28.44 ± 8.03
Married	153	27.42 ± 5.45
Divorced or widowed	67	29.84 ± 6.25
Relationship with patients			0.8741	0.874
Mate	105	27.98 ± 5.67
Parent	98	27.76 ± 6.70
Sons and daughters	65	29.09 ± 7.09
Other	32	29.28 ± 7.11
Monthly family income			0.607	0.546
< 5000 RMB	96	28.72 ± 6.85
5000–10000 RMB	128	27.95 ± 5.39
> 10000 RMB	76	28.79 ± 6.76
Caregiving experience			0.149	0.882
No	202	29.29 ± 7.46
Yes	98	29.16 ± 6.30
Number of other caregivers			1.036	1.036
0	55	29.62 ± 6.15
1 or 2	157	28.65 ± 7.003
≥ 3	88	27.95 ± 6.67
Age of patients			0.571	0.568
< 60 yr	221	28.63 ± 7.42
≥ 60 yr	79	29.17 ± 6.59
Time from onset to admission			0.683	0.495
< 10 h	114	29.21 ± 6.64
≥ 10 h	186	28.64 ± 7.23
Killip rating of patients			1.065	0.288
Level 1 or 2	221	28.82 ± 7.15
Level 3 or 4	79	27.84 ± 6.64

Table 4 Correlation between Social Support Rating Scale score, Self Rating Anxiety Scale score, and Self Rating Depression Scale score

SSRS items	SAS score		SDS score
	r value	P value	r value	P value
Objective support	-0.414	< 0.001	-0.463	< 0.001
Subjective support	-0.460	< 0.001	-0.379	< 0.001
Support utilization	-0.416	< 0.001	-0.349	< 0.001
Total SSRS score	-0.535	< 0.001	-0.472	< 0.001

SSRS: Social Support Rating Scale; SAS: Self Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self Rating Depression Scale.

Table 5 Assignment

Independent variable	Assignment
Age	0 = < 60 yr, 1 = ≥ 60 yr
Gender	0 = female, 1 = male
Education levels	0 = junior high school and below, 1 = high school or technical secondary school, 2 = college or above
Marital status	0 = spinsterhood, 1 = married, 2 = divorced or widowed
Relationship with patients	0 = mate, 1 = parent, 2 = sons and daughters, 3 = other
Monthly family income	0 = < 5000 RMB, 1 = 5000–10000 RMB, 2 = > 10000 RMB
Caregiving experience	0 = no, 1 = yeas
Number of other caregivers	0 = 0, 1 = 1 or 2, 2 = ≥ 3
Age of patients	0 = < 60 yr, 1 = ≥ 60 yr
Time from onset to admission	0 = < 10 h, 1 = ≥ 10 h
Killip rating of patients	0 = level 1 or 2, 1 = level 3 or 2

Table 6 Multiple regression analysis affecting primary caregiver support function

Independent variable	B	SE	Wals	P value	OR	95% CI
						Lower limit	Upper limit
No other variables were adjusted
SAS	0.177	0.032	30.813	< 0.001	1.194	1.121	1.271
SDS	0.070	0.026	7.288	0.007	1.072	1.019	1.128
Constant	-12.392	1.723	51.741	< 0.001	< 0.001
After adjusting for other variables
SAS	0.193	0.035	30.566	< 0.001	1.213	1.133	1.300
SDS	0.068	0.028	6.008	0.014	1.071	1.014	1.131
Age	-0.261	0.488	0.287	0.592	0.770	0.296	2.003
Gender	0.133	0.395	0.113	0.737	1.142	0.527	2.477
Education levels			0.550	0.760
High school or technical secondary school	0.298	0.452	0.434	0.510	1.347	0.555	3.269
College or above	-0.044	0.449	0.010	0.922	0.957	0.397	2.306
Marital status			0.140	0.932
Married	0.091	0.535	0.029	0.864	1.096	0.384	3.127
Divorced or widowed	-0.073	0.462	0.025	0.875	0.930	0.376	2.298
Relationship with patients			1.974	0.578
Parent	0.253	0.694	0.133	0.715	1.288	0.331	5.019
Sons and daughters	0.759	0.699	1.179	0.278	2.135	0.543	8.400
Other	0.339	0.728	0.217	0.641	1.404	0.337	5.848
Monthly family income			3.042	0.218
5000–10000 RMB	0.453	0.462	0.960	0.327	1.573	0.636	3.893
> 10000 RMB	-0.281	0.519	0.293	0.588	0.755	0.273	2.087
Caregiving experience	-0.294	0.399	0.540	0.462	0.746	0.341	1.631
Number of other caregivers			1.015	0.602
1 or 2	0.351	0.552	0.406	0.524	1.421	0.482	4.188
≥ 3	0.416	0.418	0.991	0.320	1.515	0.668	3.435
Age of patients	-0.051	0.439	0.013	0.908	0.950	0.402	2.249
Time from onset to admission	-0.008	0.385	0.000	0.983	0.992	0.467	2.108
Killip rating of patients	-0.172	0.424	0.164	0.685	0.842	0.367	1.933
Constant	-13.699	2.070	43.780	< 0.001	< 0.001	—	—

SAS: Self Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self Rating Depression Scale; B: Regression Coefficient β; SE: Standard Error; OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval.

Table 7 Self Rating Anxiety Scale scores and Self Rating Depression Scale scores predicted the area under the curve of primary caregivers with low levels of social support

Test result variable	AUC	SE	P value	95%CI	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Optimum cutoff value
SAS	0.84	0.84	< 0.001	0.737, 0.872	67.9	84.0	45.5
SDS	0.84	0.84	< 0.001	0.655, 0.807	71.4	70.9	47.5

SAS: Self Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self Rating Depression Scale; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval.