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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Psychiatry. Aug 19, 2026; 16(8): 120545
Published online Aug 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.120545
Figure 1
Figure 1 Conceptual framework of the bidirectional relationship between bipolar disorder and cancer. HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor alpha.


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