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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Psychiatry. Apr 19, 2026; 16(4): 115109
Published online Apr 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i4.115109
Figure 1
Figure 1 Neurobiological sequelae of early-life stress. ELS: Early-life stress; HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; CRF: Corticotropin-releasing factor; ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Figure 2
Figure 2 Multi-level protective mechanisms of oxytocin intervention. GR: Glucocorticoid receptor; HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CRF: Corticotropin-releasing factor; ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone.