• CRISPR/Cas9
• anxiety
• depression
• kynurenine
• microbiota
• oxidative stress
• post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• transgenic mice
• translational medical research
• tryptophan

• Animals
• CRISPR-Cas Systems
• Mice, Knockout
• Depression/genetics
• Depression/metabolism
• Disease Models, Animal
• Oxidative Stress
• Male
• Mice
• Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/genetics
• Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/metabolism
• Transaminases/genetics
• Transaminases/metabolism
• Tryptophan/metabolism
• Kynurenic Acid/metabolism
• Serotonin/metabolism
• Kynurenine/metabolism
• Mice, Inbred C57BL

• K138125 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office-NKFIH
• 2022/5S729 SZTE SZAOK-KKA
• HUN-REN Hungarian Research Network
• JPJSBP120203803 JSPS Joint Research Projects under Bilateral Programs

• Energy metabolism
• Kynurenine
• Neuroprotective agents
• Parkinson disease
• Precision medicine
• Tryptophan

• Parkinson Disease/history
• Parkinson Disease/metabolism
• Parkinson Disease/therapy
• Humans
• History, 20th Century
• History, 21st Century
• Neurology/history
• Biomedical Research/history
• Tryptophan/metabolism
• Tryptophan/history

• K138125 NKFIH
• No: 2022/5S729 National Science Foundation
• Hungarian Scientific Research Fund Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
• NKFIH

• analogs
• blood–brain barrier
• drug delivery
• drug design
• emotions
• exploratory behavior
• kynurenic acid
• motor skills
• neuropsychiatry
• tryptophan

• Kynurenic Acid
• Blood-Brain Barrier
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Neuroprotective Agents/chemistry
• Open Field Test

• NKFIH K138125 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
• 2022/5S729 SZTE SZAOK-KKA
• 0 HUN-REN Hungarian Research Network
• TKP-2021-EGA-32 Ministry of Human Capacities, Hungary grant
• 166 ÚNKP-22-4-SZTE

• 138125 NKFIH K
• 5S729 SZTE SZAOK-KKA
• 0 HUN-REN Hungarian Research Network

• Working memory
• anxiety
• performance improvement
• symptoms reductions
• systemic family therapy

• Humans
• Family Therapy
• Anxiety Disorders/psychology
• Anxiety/therapy
• Psychotherapy/methods
• Cognition

• anxiety
• comorbidity
• depression
• emotions
• fear
• interleukins
• neuromodulation
• schizophrenia

• Alzheimer's disease
• Parkinson's disease
• bipolar disorder
• case reports
• comorbidity
• depression
• electric stimulation therapy
• neuroimaging

• KYN pathway
• PFC-dependent cognition
• Tryptophan-Kynurenine pathway
• fear conditioning
• learned fear
• neuropsychiatric disorders
• prefrontal cortex (PFC)

• Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca

• biomarkers
• bipolar disorder
• dysmenorrhea
• dyspepsia
• machine learning
• schizophrenia
• substance-related disorders

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is commonly used to study human brain function by measuring the hemodynamic signals originating from cortical activation and provides a new noninvasive detection method for identifying dementia.

To investigate the fNIRS imaging technique and its clinical application in differential diagnosis of subtype dementias including frontotemporal lobe dementia, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Four patients with different types of dementia were examined with fNIRS during two tasks and a resting state. We adopted the verbal fluency task, working memory task and resting state task. Each patient was compared on the same task. We conducted and analyzed the fNIRS data using a general linear model and Pearson’s correlation analysis.

Compared with other types of dementias, fNIRS showed the left frontotemporal and prefrontal lobes to be poorly activated during the verbal fluency task in frontotemporal dementia. In Lewy body dementia, severe asymmetry of prefrontal lobes appeared during both verbal fluency and working memory tasks, and the patient had low functional connectivity during a resting state. In PDD, the patient’s prefrontal cortex showed lower excitability than the temporal lobe during the verbal fluency task, while the prefrontal cortex showed higher excitability during the working memory task. The patient with AD showed poor prefrontal and temporal activation during the working memory task, and more activation of frontopolar instead of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Different hemodynamic characteristics of four types of dementia (as seen by fNIRS imaging) provides evidence that fNIRS can serve as a potential tool for the diagnosis between dementia subtypes.

• Functional near-infrared spectroscopy
• Frontotemporal lobe dementia
• Lewy body dementia
• Parkinson’s disease dementia
• Alzheimer’s disease

• ACT
• ACT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
• ADHD, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
• Acceptance and commitment therapy
• Cognitive function
• Systematic review

• anxiety disorder
• cognitive behavior therapy
• depressive disorder
• inpatient psychotherapy
• predictors
• quality of life
• treatment outcome

• Alzheimer’s disease
• anxiety
• depression
• kynurenine
• mitochondria
• neurodegenerative
• plasticity
• psychiatric
• stress
• stress resilience

• Animals
• DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
• DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism
• Humans
• Kynurenine/metabolism
• Mitochondria/metabolism
• Mitochondrial Diseases/metabolism
• Tryptophan/metabolism

Accurate outcome detection in neuro-rehabilitative settings is crucial for appropriate long-term rehabilitative decisions in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). EEG measures derived from high-density EEG can provide helpful information regarding diagnosis and recovery in DoC patients. However, the accuracy rate of EEG biomarkers to predict the clinical outcome in DoC patients is largely unknown. This study investigated the accuracy of psychophysiological biomarkers based on clinical EEG in predicting clinical outcomes in DoC patients. To this aim, we extracted a set of EEG biomarkers in 33 DoC patients with traumatic and nontraumatic etiologies and estimated their accuracy to discriminate patients’ etiologies and predict clinical outcomes 6 months after the injury. Machine learning reached an accuracy of 83.3% (sensitivity = 92.3%, specificity = 60%) with EEG-based functional connectivity predicting clinical outcome in nontraumatic patients. Furthermore, the combination of functional connectivity and dominant frequency in EEG activity best predicted clinical outcomes in traumatic patients with an accuracy of 80% (sensitivity = 85.7%, specificity = 71.4%). These results highlight the importance of functional connectivity in predicting recovery in DoC patients. Moreover, this study shows the high translational value of EEG biomarkers both in terms of feasibility and accuracy for the assessment of DoC.

• Biomarkers
• Humans
• Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy
• Neuroprotection
• Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use

• Community-dwellers
• Demoralization
• Depression
• Hopelessness
• Psychiatric disorder, Meaning in life, Meaning-centered psychotherapies
• Risk factor
• Somatic disorder
• Suicidal behavior
• Suicidal ideation
• Suicide
• Suicide attempt

• Kynurenine
• Neurodegenerative
• Neurodevelopmental
• Neuroprotection
• Neuropsychiatric
• Translational

• BFRB
• N-acetylcysteine
• NAC
• body focused repetitive behavior
• excoriation disorder
• hair pulling
• onychophagia
• onychotillomania
• skin picking
• trichotillomania

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous tryptophan (Trp) metabolite known to possess neuroprotective property. KYNA plays critical roles in nociception, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. A lower level of KYNA is observed in patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases or psychiatric disorders such as depression and autism spectrum disorders, whereas a higher level of KYNA is associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Little is known about the optimal concentration for neuroprotection and the threshold for neurotoxicity. In this study the effects of KYNA on memory functions were investigated by passive avoidance test in mice. Six different doses of KYNA were administered intracerebroventricularly to previously trained CFLP mice and they were observed for 24 h. High doses of KYNA (i.e., 20–40 μg/2 μL) significantly decreased the avoidance latency, whereas a low dose of KYNA (0.5 μg/2 μL) significantly elevated it compared with controls, suggesting that the low dose of KYNA enhanced memory function. Furthermore, six different receptor blockers were applied to reveal the mechanisms underlying the memory enhancement induced by KYNA. The series of tests revealed the possible involvement of the serotonergic, dopaminergic, α and β adrenergic, and opiate systems in the nootropic effect. This study confirmed that a low dose of KYNA improved a memory component of cognitive domain, which was mediated by, at least in part, four systems of neurotransmission in an animal model of learning and memory.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is one of the common invasive treatments for the care of critically ill patients with heart failure, respiratory failure, or both. There are two modes of ECMO, namely, veno-venous (VV) and veno-arterial (VA), which have different indications, survival rates, and incidences of complications. This study’s aim was to examine whether depression status differed between patients who had received VV-ECMO or VA-ECMO and had been discharged from the hospital. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study of patients who had been discharged from the hospital at least one month after receiving ECMO at a medical center in northern Taiwan from June 2006 to June 2020 (N = 142). Participants were recruited via convenience and quota sampling. Data were collected in the cardiovascular outpatient department between October 2015–October 2016 (n = 52) and September 2019–August 2020 (n = 90). Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale–Depression (HADS-D) as a measure of depression status. Post-discharge depression scores for patients who received VV-ECMO (n = 67) was significantly higher (p = 0.018) compared with participants who received VA-ECMO (n = 75). In addition, the mode of ECMO was a predictor of post-discharge depression (p = 0.008) for participants who received VV-ECMO. This study concluded that patients who received VV-ECMO may require greater mental health support. Healthcare professionals should establish a psychological clinical care pathway evaluated by multiple healthcare professionals.

• cardiac failure
• cross-sectional design
• depression status
• extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• mental health support
• respiratory failure
• veno-arterial
• veno-venous

• Aftercare
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/therapy
• Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/adverse effects
• Humans
• Patient Discharge
• Retrospective Studies
• Survivors

• amygdala
• gaze perception
• gaze-cueing
• neurocognitive mechanisms
• neuroimaging
• neurologic patients
• non-invasive brain stimulation
• superior temporal sulcus

• BB/S006605/1 Biotechnology and Biology Research Council
• GR-2018- 12365733 Ministero della Salute
• 2016-35 UitZicht

• 18F-FDG-PET
• Alzheimer’s disease
• brain network
• dementia
• frontotemporal dementia
• mild cognitive impairment
• neurodegenerative diseases
• neuroimaging
• social cognition
• theory of mind

• MRI
• Parkinson’s disease
• cerebrospinal fluid
• gray matter
• statistical parametric mapping (SPM12)
• voxel-based morphometry
• white matter

Psychotherapy is considered part of the standard treatment of cancer in Western countries. However, there is no literature on the attitudes of Chinese cancer patients toward psychotherapy.

In a multicenter, cross-sectional study in China, a homemade questionnaire was delivered to cancer patients. The targeted population was Chinese hospitalized cancer patients who were informed of their state of illness.

Five hundred and fifty cancer patients received our questionnaire, and 83.3% completed the questionnaire. Among the 458 patients, 43.2% indicated that they had never heard of psychotherapy before the survey. However, after a brief introduction of psychotherapy, most (92.1%) cancer patients indicated that psychotherapy is essential for cancer patients, and over half of patients (57.4%) were willing to take psychotherapy on the advice of the oncologist in charge. Participants aged 45 years or younger, had a family income > 10000 yuan per month, and had an ECOG PS (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status) of 2-4 were more willing to receive psychotherapy. Of all patients, 59.2% and 57.6% were willing to participate in individual and group psychotherapy clinical trials, respectively. Participants who had a bachelor’s degree or higher (odds ratio, OR = 2.09) and were aged 45 years or younger (OR = 1.67) were more willing to participate in individual and group psychotherapy clinical trials, respectively.

The unmet psychological needs of cancer patients in China remain high, and doctors’ advice is likely to positively impact the patients’ acceptance of psychotherapy. Psychological education for Chinese cancer patients should be strengthened. More high-quality clinical trials of psychotherapy should be conducted in China to achieve greater benefits for cancer patients and their families.

• Chinese
• attitude
• cancer
• clinical trials
• psychotherapy

• bipolar disorder
• fMRI
• functional connectivity
• gray matter
• sliding windows
• striatum

Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D (VD) was associated with psychiatric diseases, but efforts to elucidate the functional relevance of VD with depression and anxiety from genetic perspective have been limited. Based on the UK Biobank cohort, we first calculated polygenic risk score (PRS) for VD from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of VD. Linear and logistic regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the associations of VD traits with depression and anxiety traits, respectively. Then, using individual genotype and phenotype data from the UK Biobank, genome-wide environment interaction studies (GWEIS) were performed to identify the potential effects of gene × VD interactions on the risks of depression and anxiety traits. In the UK Biobank cohort, we observed significant associations of blood VD level with depression and anxiety traits, as well as significant associations of VD PRS and depression and anxiety traits. GWEIS identified multiple candidate loci, such as rs114086183 (p = 4.11 × 10⁻⁸, LRRTM4) for self-reported depression status and rs149760119 (p = 3.88 × 10⁻⁸, GNB5) for self-reported anxiety status. Our study results suggested that VD was negatively associated with depression and anxiety. GWEIS identified multiple candidate genes interacting with VD, providing novel clues for understanding the biological mechanism potential associations between VD and psychiatric disorders.

• anxiety
• depression
• genome-wide association study
• genome-wide environment interaction study
• polygenic risk score
• vitamin D

In recent years, the issue of the meaning in life has aroused particularly great interest in researchers considering the question of whether and how, using simple interventions, outside the therapeutic office, the sense of meaning in life and well-being can be strengthened. The aim of this study was to explore whether interventions based on reflection on everyday, stressful situations can contribute to fostering the sense of meaning in life and psychological well-being among emerging adults. Additionally, we aimed to explore relationships between the above-mentioned constructs and self-efficacy. The research focuses on emerging adults, who, as statistics show, are the most vulnerable among all adults to various mental problems. A pretest–posttest control group design was used. The study involved 80 emerging adults (56 women and 24 men) who were randomly assigned to the experimental group, which completed specially prepared diaries for a week, or the control group. Participants completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, the Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being twice. In the experimental group, significant differences were noted between pretest and posttest in psychological well-being, especially in the area of relationships with others (M_pretest = 59.3; M_posttest = 65.07; t(39) = −11.40; p = 0.001) and purpose in life (M_pretest = 54.85; M_posttest = 58.21; t(39) = −3.15; p = 0.003), as well as self-efficacy (M_pretest = 28.06; M_posttest = 29.60; t(39) = −2.82; p = 0.007). There were no differences in the level of meaning in life. The analysis carried out showed that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between presence of meaning in life and psychological well-being (the Aroian test: z = 4.48; SE = 0.11; p = 0.0007).

• intervention
• meaning in life
• mental health
• psychological well-being
• self-efficacy

• Adult
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Physiological Phenomena
• Self Efficacy
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• chronic pain
• kynurenine
• neuroinflammation
• neuropathic pain
• nociceptive pain
• nociplastic pain
• psychogenic pain

• autism spectrum disorder
• bipolar disorder
• chronic inflammation
• depression
• immune tolerance
• inflammatory factor
• kynurenic acid
• kynurenine
• low-grade inflammation
• post-traumatic stress disorder
• schizophrenia
• substance use disorder

• 2.3.2-15-2016-00034 GINOP
• 2.3.2-15-2016-00048 GINOP
• Thematic Excellence Programme 2020 TKP2020
• ÚNKP-20-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund
• 3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00009 EFOP
• 4942 University of Szeged Open Access Fund

• biofield
• consciousness
• healing
• intention
• nonlocality

• Consciousness
• Electromagnetic Phenomena
• Humans
• Intention
• Mind-Body Therapies
• Qigong

• advanced cancer
• existential interventions
• existential psychotherapy
• existentialism
• meaning
• palliative care
• terminal care