|
1
|
Sanal-Hayes NEM, Hayes LD, Mclaughlin M, Berry ECJ, Sculthorpe NF. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in People with Long COVID, ME/CFS, and Controls. Am J Med 2025; 138:742-749. [PMID: 38104642 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalences of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) have not previously been compared between individuals with long coronavirus disease (COVID) and individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and healthy age-matched controls. For these reasons, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD and CPTSD in individuals with long COVID (n = 21) and ME/CFS (n = 20) and age-matched controls (n = 20). METHODS A case-case-control approach was employed; participants completed the International Trauma Questionnaire, a self-report measure of the International Classification of Diseases of PTSD and CPTSD consisting of 18 items. Scores were calculated for each PTSD and Disturbances in Self-Organization (DSO) symptom cluster and summed to produce PTSD and DSO scores. PTSD was diagnosed if the criteria for PTSD were met but not DSO, and CPTSD was diagnosed if the criteria for PTSD and DSO were met. Moreover, each cluster of PTSD and DSO were compared among individuals with long COVID, ME/CFS, and healthy controls. RESULTS Individuals with long COVID (PTSD = 5%, CPTSD = 33%) had more prevalence of PTSD and CPTSD than individuals with ME/CFS (PTSD = 0%, CPTSD = 20%) and healthy controls (PTSD = 0%, CPTSD = 0%). PTSD and CPTSD prevalence was greater in individuals with long COVID and ME/CFS than controls. Individuals with long COVID had greater values controls for all PTSD values. Moreover, individuals with long COVID had greater values than controls for all DSO values. Individuals with ME/CFS had greater values than controls for all DSO values. Both long COVID and ME/CFS groups differed in overall symptom scores compared with controls. CONCLUSION Findings of this study demonstrated that individuals with long COVID generally had more cases of PTSD and CPTSD than individuals with ME/CFS and healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilihan E M Sanal-Hayes
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK; Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lawrence D Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Marie Mclaughlin
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Ethan C J Berry
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nicholas F Sculthorpe
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Qiu QM, Xiao Y. Depression levels of the general public increases during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15:97971. [PMID: 39974480 PMCID: PMC11758042 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.97971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak lasted several months, having started in December 2019. This study aimed to report the impacts of various factors on the depression levels of the general public and ascertain how emotional measures could be affected by psychosocial factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIM To investigate the depression levels of the general public in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 2001 self-reported questionnaires about Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were collected on August 22, 2022 via the website. Each questionnaire included four levels of depression and other demographic information. The BDI scores and incidences of different depression levels were compared between various groups of respondents. χ 2 analysis and the two-tailed t-test were used to assess categorical and continuous data, respectively. Multiple linear regressions and logistic regressions were employed for correlation analysis. RESULTS The averaged BDI score in this study was higher than that for the non-epidemic periods, as reported in previous studies. Even higher BDI scores and incidences of moderate and severe depression were recorded for people who were quarantined for suspected COVID-19 infection, compared to the respondents who were not quarantined. The participants who did not take protective measures were associated with higher BDI scores than those who made efforts to keep themselves relatively safer. Similarly, the people who did not return to work had higher BDI scores compared to those managed to. A significant association existed between the depression levels of the subgroups and each of the factors, except gender and location of residence. However, quarantine was the most relative predictor for depression levels, followed by failure to take preventive measures and losing a partner, either through divorce or death. CONCLUSION Based on these data, psychological interventions for the various subpopulations in the general public can be implemented during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Other countries can also use the data as a reference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Ming Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Huzhou Third People’s Hospital, Huzhou 313001, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Luo M, Chen F, Liu X, Ye M. Factors influencing sleep quality in healthcare workers: The mediating role of depression and anxiety symptoms. Work 2025:10519815241307188. [PMID: 39973671 DOI: 10.1177/10519815241307188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous research has investigated the impact of depression and anxiety symptoms, occupational stress, work hours on sleep quality. Nevertheless, the interrelationships between these variables remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence sleep quality, to elucidate the relationships between them and to examine the extent to which depressive and anxiety symptoms act as mediators in the aforementioned relationships. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted to obtain information about medical personnel in Chongqing, China. The Depressive Symptom Scale, Anxiety Symptom Scale and Sleep Quality Scale developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were used to assess the status of depression, anxiety and sleep quality, respectively. Structural equation modeling was employed to investigate the factors that influence sleep quality. RESULTS The detection rate of poor sleep quality among healthcare workers in Chongqing was 57.9%, analyzed by structural equation modeling, the direct effects of anxiety and depressive symptoms on sleep quality were -0.328, -0.221 and fully mediated the relationship between socio-economic status, weekly working hours and occupational tension and sleep quality. Social support, demands and payments had higher effects on sleep quality of -0.167, -0.176 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The factors affecting sleep quality were identified as weekly working hours, working age, socioeconomic status, and occupational tension. The sub-dimensions of occupational tension that played a decisive role were social support, demands, and payments. The association between the aforementioned variables and sleep quality was fully mediated by depression and anxiety symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Luo
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Information, Shapingba Hospital affiliated to Chongqing University (Shapingba District People's Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliang Ye
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Silva ASCPD, Furtado LAC, Tofani LFN, Bigal AL, Bragagnolo LM, Vieira ADCS, Lima CL, Oliveira LB, Chioro A. Mental health care measures and innovations to cope with COVID-19: an integrative review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e06532023. [PMID: 39140548 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024298.06532023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This integrative review aims to identify the mental health care measures that were produced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted on three databases (SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS) with the following descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish: "SAÚDE MENTAL" or "SALUD MENTAL" or "MENTAL HEALTH" AND "COVID-19" from 2020 to 2021. In total, 3,451 articles were found, 43 of which were analyzed. Most measures were digital, stemmed from public institutions, focused on the local perspective, and were integrated with the public health care system. This study discusses the models of care in mental health based on measures to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. It also discusses the Brazilian health care system, reiterating its resilience. In conclusion, digital measures occurred most often. This study suggest the evaluation of the accessibility of this mental health care model for most vulnerable groups. Finally, this research reinforces the importance of the Brazilian health care system for public health and access to information to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - André Luiz Bigal
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. R. Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino. 04023-062 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Larissa Maria Bragagnolo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. R. Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino. 04023-062 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | | | - Carolina Loyelo Lima
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. R. Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino. 04023-062 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Letícia Bucioli Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. R. Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino. 04023-062 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Arthur Chioro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. R. Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino. 04023-062 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Raesi R, Khalesi N, Safavi M, Mirzaei A, Alimohammadzadeh K. Identifying factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:130. [PMID: 38784257 PMCID: PMC11114513 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_550_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy lifestyle is one of the important global concepts in the post-COVID-19 era, which can lead to maintaining and improving the health of societies. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current research is a qualitative study that was conducted in the field by theoretical sampling method. The qualitative method used in the current research was Strauss-Corbin's method. The data collection tool in the current research was a semi-structured interview. The researcher reached theoretical saturation by the end of the 13th interview, and for more certainty, the interviews continued until the 15th interview. The statistical population of the research was all professors and experts with specialized doctorate degrees in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, and finally, 15 people were selected according to the entry and exit criteria for the study. Data analysis was done by summarizing and coding and analyzing the hidden content from expert interviews using MAXQDA software. RESULTS The factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era (cultural norms, social norms, biological norms, technological factors, and economic factors) emerged from the intuitive opinions of experts. CONCLUSION Providing and maintaining health is not a simple task, as it involves biological, individual, familial, cultural, societal, economic, political, and health factors. Promotion of healthy lifestyles is not merely the responsibility of health-related organizations and bodies; rather, they necessitate extensive coordination and empathy among educational, health, cultural, service, and even political institutions and bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Care Managment, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Khalesi
- Department of Health Care Managment, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Health Economic Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Safavi
- Department of Health Care Managment, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Health Economic Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abasat Mirzaei
- Department of Health Care Managment, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Health Economic Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khalil Alimohammadzadeh
- Health Economic Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Services Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Sow MS, Togo J, Simons LM, Diallo ST, Magassouba ML, Keita MB, Somboro AM, Coulibaly Y, Ozer EA, Hultquist JF, Murphy RL, Maiga AI, Maiga M, Lorenzo-Redondo R. Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Guinea, West Africa. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299082. [PMID: 38446806 PMCID: PMC10917296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has claimed several million lives since its emergence in late 2019. The ongoing evolution of the virus has resulted in the periodic emergence of new viral variants with distinct fitness advantages, including enhanced transmission and immune escape. While several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern trace their origins back to the African continent-including Beta, Eta, and Omicron-most countries in Africa remain under-sampled in global genomic surveillance efforts. In an effort to begin filling these knowledge gaps, we conducted retrospective viral genomic surveillance in Guinea from October 2020 to August 2021. We found that SARS-CoV-2 clades 20A, 20B, and 20C dominated throughout 2020 until the coincident emergence of the Alpha and Eta variants of concern in January 2021. The Alpha variant remained dominant throughout early 2021 until the arrival of the Delta variant in July. Surprisingly, despite the small sample size of our study, we also found the persistence of the early SARS-CoV-2 clade 19B as late as April 2021. Together, these data help fill in our understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 population dynamics in West Africa early in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Saliou Sow
- Service de Maladie Infectieuse du Centre Hospitalier de Donka, Conakry, Guinée
| | - Josue Togo
- University Clinical Research Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Département de Biologie médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Toure, Bamako, Mali
| | - Lacy M. Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Northwestern University Havey Institute for Global Health, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | | | | | - Mamadou Bhoye Keita
- Département de laboratoire, Institut National de la Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinée
- Département de biologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinée
| | - Anou Moise Somboro
- University Clinical Research Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Youssouf Coulibaly
- University Clinical Research Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Egon A. Ozer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Northwestern University Havey Institute for Global Health, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Judd F. Hultquist
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Northwestern University Havey Institute for Global Health, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Robert Leo Murphy
- Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Almoustapha Issiaka Maiga
- University Clinical Research Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Département de Biologie médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Toure, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mamoudou Maiga
- Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Northwestern University Havey Institute for Global Health, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Savaglio M, O'Donnell R, Skouteris H. The impact of COVID-19 on community mental health: lessons learned from Tasmania, Australia. Aust J Prim Health 2024; 30:NULL. [PMID: 37731283 DOI: 10.1071/py23006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on community mental health globally and widened pre-existing health and social inequities. Tasmania, Australia has one of the highest rates of mental ill health and socioeconomic disadvantage in the country. Whilst Tasmania experienced a delayed and reduced physical presence of COVID-19 compared to other states and territories, mental health impacts remain. It is necessary to understand such impacts to inform policy, practice, and recommendations to enhance the mental health service sector and prevent future mental health burden. This qualitative study aimed to explore expert mental health stakeholders' perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 on: (1) the mental health of people living in Tasmania, and (2) mental health services. METHOD Semi-structured interviews with 12 expert mental health stakeholders across Tasmania were conducted. This sample was well-positioned to comment on the impact of COVID-19 on community mental health and provide recommendations to enhance the sector. Interviews were thematically analysed. RESULTS Three subthemes exploring the COVID-19 impact on mental health were included: (1) anxiety, distress, and isolation; (2) varying presentations across age groups; and (3) increased complexity. Four key themes capturing the COVID-19 impact on mental health services were identified: (1) transition to telehealth; (2) increased service demand; (3) spotlight on service gaps; and (4) local workforce shortages. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic has highlighted existing gaps across the community mental health service sector, and exacerbated existing psychosocial/structural stressors resulting in increased presentations and complexity of mental illness among the community, particularly for youth. Existing treatment gaps and inequities in service access, engagement, and mental health outcomes will persist if not addressed. Recommendations have been provided to inform community mental health service planning, policy, design, access, and provision, and improve wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Savaglio
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Renee O'Donnell
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; and Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Huang J, Huang ZT, Sun XC, Chen TT, Wu XT. Mental health status and related factors influencing healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289454. [PMID: 38241316 PMCID: PMC10798549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of healthcare workers during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was seriously affected, and the risk of mental health problems was high. The present study sought to systematically evaluate the mental health problems of healthcare workers worldwide during the pandemic and to determine the latest global frequency of COVID-19 associated mental health problems. METHODS Data in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Elsevier, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and the Web of Science before November 11, 2022, were systematically searched. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to synthesize the comprehensive prevalence rate of mental health problems. Subgroup analyses were performed based on time of data collection; whether the country was or was not developed; continent; doctors and nurses; doctors/nurses vs. other healthcare workers; and psychological evaluation scale. RESULTS A total of 161 studies were included, including 341,014 healthcare workers worldwide, with women accounting for 82.8%. Occupationally, 16.2% of the healthcare workers were doctors, 63.6% were nurses and 13.3% were other medical staff. During the pandemic, 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-60%) of healthcare workers reported job burnout, 38% (95% CI, 35-41%) experienced anxiety, 34% (95% CI 30-38%) reported depression, 30% (95% CI, 29-31%) had acute stress disorder, and 26% (95% CI, 21-31%) had post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSIONS The study found that there were common mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common was job burnout, followed by anxiety, depression, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the global pandemic has been brought under control, its long-term impact on the mental health of healthcare workers cannot be ignored. Additional research is required to develop measures to prevent, monitor and treat psychological disorders among healthcare workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhu-Tang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin-Ce Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Mayo-Puchoc N, Bejarano-Carranza J, Paredes-Angeles R, Vilela-Estrada AL, García-Serna J, Cusihuaman-Lope N, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Cavero V, Ardila-Gómez S. Paper promises: Peruvian frontline health workers' perspectives on mental health policies during COVID-19. Health Policy Plan 2023; 38:ii3-ii13. [PMID: 37995267 PMCID: PMC10666939 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Governments globally deployed various non-pharmacological public health measures to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e. lockdowns and suspension of transportation, amongst others); some of these measures had an influence on society's mental health. Specific mental health policies were therefore implemented to mitigate the potential mental health impact of the pandemic. We aimed to explore the implementation of mental health regulations adopted by the Peruvian health system by focusing on the care services at Community Mental Health Centres (CMHCs), based on the experiences of health workers. We conducted a phenomenological qualitative study to understand the implementation of mental health policies launched in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained from a document review of 15 national policy measures implemented during the pandemic (March 2020 to September 2021), and 20 interviews with health workers from CMHCs (September 2021 to February 2022). The analysis was conducted using thematic content analysis. Most implemented policies adapted CMHC care services to a virtual modality during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, various challenges and barriers were evidenced in the process, which prevented effective adaptation of services. Workers perceived that ineffective telemedicine use was attributed to a gap in access to technology at the CMHCs and also by users, ranging from limited access to technological devices to a lack of technological skills. Further, although mental health promotion and prevention policies targeting the community were proposed, CMHC staff reported temporary interruption of these services during the first wave. The disparity between what is stated in the regulations and the experiences of health workers is evident. Policies that focus on mental health need to provide practical and flexible methods taking into consideration both the needs of CMHCs and socio-cultural characteristics that may affect their implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikol Mayo-Puchoc
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, 208 Manuel Corpancho Av, Lima 15046, Peru
| | | | - Rubí Paredes-Angeles
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 445 Armendáriz Av, Lima 15074, Peru
| | - Ana Lucía Vilela-Estrada
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 445 Armendáriz Av, Lima 15074, Peru
| | | | - Noelia Cusihuaman-Lope
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 445 Armendáriz Av, Lima 15074, Peru
| | | | - Victoria Cavero
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 445 Armendáriz Av, Lima 15074, Peru
| | - Sara Ardila-Gómez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Lavalle 2353, Buenos Aires 1052, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Dornelles TM, de Brito ES, Pinheiro BHG, Santarem BDMC, Aguer SST, Camozzato A. Mental health assessment of the Brazilian LGBTQIAP+ population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20230148. [PMID: 37695607 PMCID: PMC10476912 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0148en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the frequency and associated factors of non-psychotic mental disorders and anxiety symptoms in a Brazilian LGBTQIAP+ sample. METHOD Cross-sectional study, conducted from September to October 2020 using an online questionnaire, with instruments for sociodemographic characterization, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener and the Self-Report Questionnaire. The analysis was performed using the Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests. Poisson regression with robust variance was performed to estimate the effect of sociodemographic variables on mental health. RESULTS Positive screening for anxiety and non-psychotic disorders were identified in 85.2% and 60.2% of the participants, respectively. Younger age groups, who professed some religion, only had access to public health, and presented with medical conditions showed a higher risk for non-psychotic mental disorders. Individuals under 30 (1.33, 95%, CI = 1.17-1.52) presented a high risk for anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anxiety and non-psychotic disorders during the COVID pandemic was high. Implementation of health policies and interventions targeting identified risk factors is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Analuiza Camozzato
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Zimmerman ME, Hart LJ, Medrano P, Piccone C, Ramirez DM, Huggins LK, Sotres-Alvarez D, Fish LJ, Østbye T, Holliday KM. COVID-19 in the Community: Changes to Women's Mental Health, Financial Security, and Physical Activity. AJPM FOCUS 2023; 2:100095. [PMID: 37234692 PMCID: PMC10039779 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study describes changes in the mental health, financial security, and physical activity levels of women in North Carolina during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Data were collected from women aged 20-40 years receiving primary care at 2 health centers in North Carolina during 2020-2022. Surveys (N=127) evaluated changes in mental health, financial security, and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. These outcomes were analyzed both descriptively and for association with sociodemographic factors using logistic regression. A subset of participants (n=46) participated in semistructured interviews. Interview transcripts were reviewed and evaluated for recurring themes by primary and secondary coders using a rapid-coding technique. Analysis was conducted in 2022. Results Women surveyed were 28.4% non-Hispanic White, 38.6% non-Hispanic Black, and 33.1% Hispanic/Latina. Compared with reports before the pandemic, participants reported increased frustration or boredom (69.1%), loneliness (51.6%), anxiety (64.3%), depression (52.4%), and changed sleep patterns (68.3%). Increased alcohol and other recreational substance use were associated with race and ethnicity (p<0.05) after adjustment for other sociodemographic factors. Participants reported difficulty in paying for basic expenses (44.0%). Financial difficulties during COVID-19 were associated with non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity, less education, and lower prepandemic household income. Data showed pandemic-associated reductions in mild (32.8%), moderate (39.5%), and strenuous (43.3%) exercise, with a correlation between increased depression and reduced mild exercise. Interviews identified themes including reduced activity while working remotely, lack of gym access, and reduced motivation for exercise. Conclusions This mixed-methods study is one of the first to evaluate the mental health, financial security, and physical activity challenges women aged between 20 and 40 years in the southern U.S. faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren J. Hart
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Perla Medrano
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Caitlin Piccone
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Diana M. Ramirez
- Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lenique K.L. Huggins
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Biology, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laura J. Fish
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Truls Østbye
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Katelyn M. Holliday
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Newman K, Chalmers H, Wang AZY, Ciotti S, Luxmykanthan L, Mansell N. The Impact of Public Health Restrictions on Young Caregivers and How They Navigated a Pandemic: Baseline Interviews from a Longitudinal Study Conducted in Ontario, Canada. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6410. [PMID: 37510642 PMCID: PMC10378837 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative research study is a part of a larger research project exploring the experiences of young caregivers aged 5-26 years and their families navigating the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 to 2023. Data were collected from 14 young caregivers who participated in baseline interviews. The central research question guiding this study: What was, is, and will be the impact of changing public health restrictions on young caregivers and their families during the pandemic and pandemic recovery? Seven themes emerged through analysis: (1) Navigating Care During the Height of Public Health Restrictions, (2) Neighbourhood and Built Environment During the Pandemic, (3) Perceptions Towards COVID-19 and Public Health Restrictions/Efforts, (4) The Impact of Public Health Restrictions on Relationships, (5) Mental Health Challenges of Being a Young Caregiver During a Pandemic, (6) Navigating Formal Services and Supports, and (7) Recommendations from Young Caregivers. The findings from this empirical research suggest that young caregivers found it easier to navigate their caregiving responsibilities when public health restrictions and work-from-home mandates were initially implemented; however, this later changed due to challenges in finding respite from caregiving, maintaining social connections with friends, creating personal space at home, and finding adequate replacements for programs once offered in person.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Newman
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, 288 Church Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1Z5, Canada
| | - Heather Chalmers
- Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Saint Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Arthur Ze Yu Wang
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, 288 Church Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1Z5, Canada
| | - Sarah Ciotti
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, 288 Church Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1Z5, Canada
| | - Luxmhina Luxmykanthan
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, 288 Church Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1Z5, Canada
| | - Nicole Mansell
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, 288 Church Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1Z5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Ryal JJ, Perli VAS, Marques DCDS, Sordi AF, Marques MGDS, Camilo ML, Milani RG, Mota J, Valdés-Badilla P, Magnani Branco BH. Effects of a Multi-Professional Intervention on Mental Health of Middle-Aged Overweight Survivors of COVID-19: A Clinical Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4132. [PMID: 36901146 PMCID: PMC10002443 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-professional intervention model on the mental health of middle-aged, overweight survivors of COVID-19. A clinical trial study with parallel groups and repeated measures was conducted. For eight weeks, multi-professional interventions were conducted (psychoeducation, nutritional intervention, and physical exercises). One hundred and thirty-five overweight or obese patients aged 46.46 ± 12.77 years were distributed into four experimental groups: mild, moderate, severe COVID, and control group. The instruments were used: mental health continuum-MHC, revised impact scale-IES-r, generalized anxiety disorder-GAD-7, and Patient health questionnaire PHQ-9, before and after eight weeks. The main results indicated only a time effect, with a significant increase in global MHC scores, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being, as well as detected a significant reduction in global IES-R scores, intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal, in addition to a reduction in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it was possible to identify those psychoeducational interventions that effectively reduced anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients, regardless of symptomatology, in addition to the control group. However, moderate and severe post-COVID-19 patients need to be monitored continuously since the results of these groups did not follow the response pattern of the mild and control groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joed Jacinto Ryal
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Victor Augusto Santos Perli
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Déborah Cristina de Souza Marques
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Sordi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Marilene Ghiraldi de Souza Marques
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Camilo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Rute Grossi Milani
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca 3530-000, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520-000, Chile
| | - Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringa 87050-390, Brazil
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Zhao B, Kong F, Nam EW. Relationship between eHealth, Perceived Risk, and Phobia of COVID-19 among Chinese University Students in Korea and China. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2023; 2023:1-12. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/2755354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective. To examine the relationship between eHealth literacy, perceived risk, and COVID-19 phobia among Chinese university students studying in Korea (the international group) and China mainland (the mainland group). Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire. With 1,107 student samples, structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine the relationship between eHealth, perceived risk, and COVID-19 phobia among the two groups. Results. These Chinese university students had a COVID-19-related eHealth literacy of 30.23 (SD 6.65), with scores of the mainland group higher than those of the international group. The international group students (56.47 ± 17.64) reported a higher level of COVID-19 phobia than the mainland group students (48.89 ± 17.76). The findings indicated that use frequency and information trust were higher when students possessed a higher level of COVID-19 eHealth literacy. Information trust would not have a significantly positive relationship with COVID-19 phobia, while higher levels of information use and perceived risk were positively associated with COVID-19 phobia. Conclusion. eHealth literacy, information factors, and perceived risk were associated with Chinese university students’ phobia status. There may be substantial feasibility and practicality in conducting relevant interventions that consider the university students’ psychological status and risk perception based on eHealth literacy and information factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju-si 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Fanlei Kong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju-si 26493, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Grelle K, Shrestha N, Ximenes M, Perrotte J, Cordaro M, Deason RG, Howard K. The Generation Gap Revisited: Generational Differences in Mental Health, Maladaptive Coping Behaviors, and Pandemic-Related Concerns During the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2023; 30:1-12. [PMID: 36811122 PMCID: PMC9934502 DOI: 10.1007/s10804-023-09442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess differences in mental health symptoms, pandemic-related concerns, and maladaptive coping behaviors among adults in the United States across generations during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic. A social media campaign was used to recruit 2696 U.S. individuals to participate in an online survey in April 2020, assessing various validated psychosocial factors, including major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), perceived stress, loneliness, quality of life, and fatigue, along with pandemic-specific concerns and changes in alcohol use and substance use. Participants were grouped based on generation status (Gen Z, Millennial, Gen X, and Baby Boomer) and statistical comparisons were conducted based on demographics, psychosocial factors, pandemic-related concerns, and substance use. During the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the younger cohorts (Gen Z and Millennials) rated significantly worse on mental health indices, including major depression, GAD, perceived stress, loneliness, quality of life, and fatigue. Further, the participants in the Gen Z and Millennial generational groups exhibited greater increase in maladaptive coping with substance use, specifically alcohol use and increased use of sleep aids. Our results indicate that during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, members of the Gen Z and Millennial generational cohorts were considered a psychologically vulnerable population due to their mental health and maladaptive coping behaviors. Improving access to mental health resources during early stages of a pandemic is an emerging public health concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Grelle
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Neha Shrestha
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Megan Ximenes
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Jessica Perrotte
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Millie Cordaro
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Rebecca G. Deason
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Krista Howard
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Martinez-Nicolas I, Basaraba C, Delgado-Gomez D, Lopez-Fernandez O, Baca-Garcia E, Wainberg ML. The Electronic Mental Wellness Tool as a Self-Administered Brief Screening Instrument for Mental Disorders in the General Spanish Population during the Post-COVID-19 Era. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3204. [PMID: 36833900 PMCID: PMC9959534 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: In the "post-COVID-19 era", there is a need to focus on properly assessing and addressing the extent of its well-established mental health collateral damage. The "Electronic Mental Wellness Tool" (E-mwTool) is a 13-item validated stepped-care or stratified management instrument that aims at the high-sensitivity captures of individuals with mental health disorders to determine the need for mental health care. This study validated the E-mwTool in a Spanish-speaking population. (2) Methods: It is a cross-sectional validation study using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview as a criterion standard in a sample of 433 participants. (3) Results: About 72% of the sample had a psychiatric disorder, and 67% had a common mental disorder. Severe mental disorders, alcohol use disorders, substance use disorders, and suicide risk had a much lower prevalence rate (6.7%, 6.2%, 3.2%, and 6.2%, respectively). The first three items performed excellently in identifying any mental health disorder with 0.97 sensitivity. Ten additional items classified participants with common mental disorders, severe mental disorders, substance use disorders, and suicide risk. (4) Conclusions: The E-mwTool had high sensitivity in identifying common mental disorders, alcohol and substance use disorders, and suicidal risk. However, the tool's sensitivity in detecting low-prevalence disorders in the sample was low. This Spanish version may be useful to detect patients at risk of mental health burden at the front line of primary and secondary care in facilitating help-seeking and referral by their physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Martinez-Nicolas
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
- Sistema Español de Notificación en Seguridad en Anestesia y Reanimación (SENSAR), IDEhA Simulation Centre, Fundación Alcorcon University Hospital, 28922 Alcorcon, Spain
| | - Cale Basaraba
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - David Delgado-Gomez
- Department of Statistics, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28903 Getafe, Spain
- Santander Big Data Institute, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28903 Getafe, Spain
| | - Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jimenez Diaz Foundation, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Madrid Complutense University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Francisco de Vitoria University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Cardenal Cisneros Centro de Estudios Universitarios, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jimenez Diaz Foundation, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, General University Hospital of Villalba, 28400 Collado Villalba, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Infanta Elena, 28342 Valdemoro, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Madrid Autonomous University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigacion en Salud Mental), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca 3605, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, 30900 Nîmes, France
| | - Milton L. Wainberg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10024, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Paz DC, Bains MS, Zueger ML, Bandi VR, Kuo VY, Payton M, Ryznar RJ. Impact of COVID-19 on Rocky Vista University medical students' mental health: A cross-sectional survey. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1076841. [PMID: 36814663 PMCID: PMC9939690 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1076841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic brought immense changes to medical school curriculums world-wide, such as the widespread adoption of virtual learning. We sought to better understand the impact on medical students' mental health at Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO, United States. This study assessed the impact the pandemic had on anxiety and depression levels of medical students. It also assessed the impact of several domains on student mental health during the pandemic and how various sub-groups within the studied population were affected. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent to students through an online anonymous google survey in May to June 2021, centered around the 7-item questionnaire used to screen for Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD-7, 9-item questionnaire used to screen for depression PHQ-9, and self-designed questions to assess the personal impact of the pandemic. Data obtained were screened for error and analyzed with significance value of p < 0.05. Results A total of 152 responses were received (25.5% response rate). Of these, 64.1% identified as female, 75.8% were white, 50.3% were between ages 21-25, and 77.8% were first year medical students. During the pandemic, 79.6% of respondents felt more anxious and 65.1% felt more depressed. 67.8% of students reported feeling social isolation amidst the pandemic. Students living with friends were more likely to see a therapist for depression during the pandemic (p = 0.0169) and prescribed an antidepressant (p = 0.0394). Females and students in relationships were more likely to score higher on GAD-7 (p = 0.0194) and (p = 0.0244), respectively. Conclusion This study investigated the effect of the pandemic on medical students' mental health and the need to address this issue. Results suggest that the pandemic had a negative impact on medical student's mental health and that anxiety and depression levels worsened for pre-clinical medical students at Rocky Vista University. As such, it is imperative to incorporate additional resources to protect the well-being of medical students as they progress through their medical careers.
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Psychological challenges and related factors of ordinary residents after "7.20" heavy rainstorm disaster in Zhengzhou: a cross-sectional survey and study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:3. [PMID: 36609296 PMCID: PMC9824917 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2021, a once-in-a-century heavy rainstorm suddenly attacked Zhengzhou, an important inland city in northern China. However, there have been no studies on the psychological health of disaster-stricken residents. This study is the first to comprehensively report on the mental health status and related factors of local ordinary residents after the heavy rainstorm. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the mental health status and related influencing factors of local ordinary residents after the flood disaster, and to provide reference for government departments to formulate disaster psychological intervention countermeasures based on evidence-driven strategies. METHODS The snowball sampling technique was used in this study, and measurement tools of Rainstorm Exposure Questionnaire, Subjective Perception of Rainstorm, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DAS-21) and Chinese version of Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to evaluate the rainstorm exposure, subjective perception of the rainstorm, psychological symptoms and social support of the disaster-stricken residents within a week after the rainstorm. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the psychological status and related factors of local residents after the rainstorm disaster. RESULTS A total of 469 valid samples were obtained in this study. All the subjects were in the disaster area and experienced the rainstorm personally, with normal intelligence. The statistical results showed that 25.37% people had experienced at least three rainstorm-related stresses, nearly 20.26% people had post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and 39.3%, 53.92% and 65.83% people had depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated that female (all p < 0.05), the divorced, agricultural workers/farmers (all p < 0.05), students (all p < 0.05), people experiencing at least three rainstorm-related stresses (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), people with lower satisfaction at the social flood fighting measures (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and people with low social support (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) were all independent risk factors for poor psychological health, and college education or above (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), the lower degree of worrying about themselves (all p < 0.01), family members (all p < 0.01) and family property (all p < 0.01) were all related to higher psychological health among flood survivors after the disaster. CONCLUSIONS Rainstorm could cause local residents to have various degrees of psychological symptoms. This study identified factors associated with the psychological health of disaster-stricken residents, which could be used to develop psychological interventions in improving psychological health of local residents.
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Farhadi Z, Salemi M, Jahani MA. Analysis of policy responses to COVID-19: a case study in Babol University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Iran. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2022; 20:70. [PMID: 36510232 PMCID: PMC9744368 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-022-00404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preparation and financing of treatments, control of disease by limited resources, are known as the most important challenges encountered by the policy-makers involved in an epidemic outbreak. Therefore, the present study was conducted to analyze the policy responses of Babol University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) to Coronavirus (COVID-19). METHODS A qualitative study was performed to investigate the policy responses of BUMS to COVID-19 in Babol of January to March, 2021. The statistical population included the experts, pundits, policy-makers and planners involved in four areas of management, treatment, healthcare, and health donation. Data collection was done according to interviews and policy documents, and the obtained data were analyzed based on the Walt and Gilson's policy triangle. RESULTS There are five main themes to names: policy context, policy analysis, policy-making process, actors and stakeholders and 16 sub-themes. After several rounds of revision, the text of the interviews and policy documents were tagged and finally, various issues related to sub-themes were extracted. Also, two sub-themes entitled (improving the policy framework, People's participation) were obtained from the strategies to reduce the incidence of Covid-19 theme. CONCLUSIONS (BUMS) was able to use the capacities and skills of experienced physicians, specialists and nurses to respond to patients awaiting treatment. Therefore, most of the policies were aimed at patient care and treatment. The lack of financial resources was compensated by health donors. But the (BUMS) could not use the power of the city government to control traffic and comply with health protocols and prevent infections. It was mainly the formulation and implementation of irregular and unstable policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Farhadi
- grid.411495.c0000 0004 0421 4102Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Morteza Salemi
- grid.412237.10000 0004 0385 452XSocial Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Jahani
- grid.411495.c0000 0004 0421 4102Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Büssing A, Recchia DR, Baumann K. Experience of nature and times of silence as a resource to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic and their effects on psychological wellbeing-Findings from a continuous cross-sectional survey in Germany. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1020053. [PMID: 36420008 PMCID: PMC9678082 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic with its lockdowns affected social relations and mental health conditions of people worldwide. We aimed to analyze the relevance of nature and times of silence as resources to cope with the pandemic. Of interest were how experiences of nature and times of silence are related to the perception of wondering awe and gratitude and psychological wellbeing and how these have changed during the different phases of the pandemic. Finally, we asked whether Nature/Silence would mediate the link between Awe/Gratitude and wellbeing. Methods A cross-sectional survey with standardized questionnaires (i.e., PCQ, GrAw-7, BMLSS-10, WHO-5) enrolling participants during the different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted. The total sample of 5,155 participants from Germany consisted of 65% women and 34% men, with a mean age of 45.0 ± 14.0 years. Results Directly after the first lockdown, Nature/Silence and Awe/Gratitude scores were high and decreased along with wellbeing with the onset of the second lockdown in winter 2020, while perceived burden constantly increased. Nature/Silence was rated lowest by people with reduced wellbeing (eta2 = 0.058) and feeling lonely or socially isolated (eta2 = 0.042). Predictor analyses revealed that wellbeing as a dependent variable was predicted best by corona-related perception of burden, Awe/Gratitude, reflection of life, and Nature/Silence and further by perceived changes in terms of relationships and spirituality (R2 = 0.55). In mediation analyses, Awe/Gratitude proved to be a significant predictor for Nature/Silence (β = 0.55, p< 0.0001) and wellbeing (β = 0.05, p < 0.0001). The mediation analysis explained 37% of the variability in the data. The direct influence of Awe/Gratitude on wellbeing was estimated as β = 0.09 (p < 0.0001), and the mediation effect of Nature/Silence on the link between Awe/Gratitude and wellbeing was significant, too (β = 0.03, p < 0.0001), explaining 25% of the total effect. Conclusion Nature/Silence and Awe/Gratitude were used as relevant resources during the pandemic, although they cannot fully buffer the negative effects of the social restrictions that resulted in decreases in wellbeing and increases in perceived burden. Perception of nature as a sensitizer of positive experiences particularly during difficult phases of life could be trained to stabilize wellbeing and thus to contribute to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arndt Büssing
- Professorship Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Herdecke, Germany
- IUNCTUS - Competence Center for Christian Spirituality, Philosophical-Theological Academy, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniela Rodrigues Recchia
- Department of Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Klaus Baumann
- Caritas Science and Christian Social Work, Faculty of Theology, Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Alradhi MA, Moore J, Patte KA, O’Leary DD, Wade TJ. Adverse Childhood Experiences and COVID-19 Stress on Changes in Mental Health among Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12874. [PMID: 36232173 PMCID: PMC9566166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to poor mental health outcomes and may be particularly damaging for young adults who may be more affected by governmental pandemic responses such as mandatory school and work closures, online schooling, and social isolation. Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) has also been shown to have a significant impact on mental health among young adults. This prospective study examined whether young adults with higher ACE profiles were more vulnerable to COVID-19 stressors. Using pre-COVID-19 data from the Niagara Longitudinal Heart Study and a follow-up online survey during COVID-19, we examined 171 young adults and found that high COVID-19-related stress, especially emotional and relationship stress, led to a greater reduction in mental health among young adults with higher levels of ACEs. Findings indicate that young adults with high ACE profiles may benefit from resources and intervention programs directed at mental health in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meshari A. Alradhi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jessy Moore
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Karen A. Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Deborah D. O’Leary
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 130 Lockhart Dr, St. Catharines, ON L2T 1W5, Canada
| | - Terrance J. Wade
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 130 Lockhart Dr, St. Catharines, ON L2T 1W5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Dionisie V, Ciobanu AM, Moisa E, Manea MC, Puiu MG. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Inpatient Admissions for Psychotic and Affective Disorders: The Experience of a Large Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Romania. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081570. [PMID: 36011227 PMCID: PMC9407826 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a global sanitary crisis and, in addition, elicited serious mental health consequences. The utilization of psychiatric hospital-based services acts as an indicator of public mental health. Therefore, this research sought to investigate differences in the numbers and characteristics of inpatient admissions for psychotic and affective disorders at the largest Romanian psychiatric hospital between the period of lockdown (16 March−15 May 2020) and another three corresponding periods: the same year in the pre-lockdown period (16 January−15 March 2020), the immediate post-lockdown period (16 May−15 July 2020), and two years later (16 March−15 May 2022). A retrospective analysis was performed. The study included a total of 6604 patients. Inpatient admissions decreased during lockdown in comparison with the pre-lockdown period and immediate post-lockdown period for psychotic disorders (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and affective disorders (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). For both psychotic and affective disorders, a decrease in the age of the patients admitted during lockdown, as compared with the pre-lockdown period (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), was observed. The length of the hospital stay for affective disorders was higher immediately post-lockdown in comparison with the lockdown period (p < 0.001). Collectively, the present findings provide a glimpse of the immediate and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on patients’ access to mental healthcare in the form of hospitalization, and these findings could provide the basis for the development of a different approach to times of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dionisie
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Neurosciences Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emanuel Moisa
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costin Manea
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.M.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Maria Gabriela Puiu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.M.); (M.G.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Shpakou A, Krajewska-Kułak E, Cybulski M, Seredocha I, Tałaj A, Andryszczyk M, Kleszczewska E, Szafranek A, Modzelewska B, Naumau IA, Tarasov A, Perminova L, Modzelewski R. Stress Perception and Coping Strategies of Students on Both Sides of the EU's Eastern Border during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10275. [PMID: 36011911 PMCID: PMC9408076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the perception of stress and the characteristic coping-strategies among students in the context of the different anti-pandemic measures taken in Belarus, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad. A cross-sectional online survey using standardized questionnaires (Perceived Stress Scale-PSS-10 and Brief-COPE-Mini-COPE inventory) was conducted among 3113 students of seven universities in three neighboring regions on both sides of the eastern border of the EU. The groups that are the most prone to stress are the Polish and Russians students. Among the students from Belarus, 122 (13.7%) have high levels of stress symptoms. Among the respondents from Poland-238 (19.4%), and 191 (19.2%) from Kaliningrad have high levels of stress, respectively. The different approaches of the authorities to the COVID-19 pandemic diversified the choice of students' stress coping strategies. The behavior of the students from Kaliningrad and Poland was similar. The Belarusian students used active coping strategies less often, while an avoidance-focused style, and denial were more frequent. The neglect of restrictive anti-pandemic measures by the Belarusian students was manifested by a higher incidence of disease and minimal use of vaccinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Shpakou
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Seredocha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Academy of Medical and Applied Social Sciences in Elblag, 82-300 Elblag, Poland
| | - Anna Tałaj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Academy of Medical and Applied Social Sciences in Elblag, 82-300 Elblag, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Andryszczyk
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College in Suwałki, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Ewa Kleszczewska
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College in Suwałki, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Anna Szafranek
- Faculty of Social and Human Science, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Lomza, Poland
| | - Beata Modzelewska
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ihar A. Naumau
- Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Andrei Tarasov
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Ludmila Perminova
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Rafał Modzelewski
- Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Bruno F, Vozzo F, Arcuri D, Maressa R, La Cava E, Malvaso A, Lau C, Chiesi F. The longitudinal association between Perceived Stress, PTSD Symptoms, and Post-Traumatic Growth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the role of coping strategies and psychological inflexibility. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 43:1-16. [PMID: 35910236 PMCID: PMC9323876 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the mediating roles of psychological inflexibility and differential coping strategies on perceived stress and post-traumatic symptoms and growth in the context of COVID-19. Study one recruited 662 participants (54.8% women; Mage = 40.64 years, SD = 13.04) who completed a cross-sectional questionnaire. It was proposed that orientation to the problem, avoidance strategies, psychological inflexibility, and positive attitude were mediators for the positive association between perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. The fit indices for the path model were excellent: CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.950, RMSEA = 0.057 [90%CI = 0.043-0.081], and SRMS = 0.042. Gender and stressful events encountered had indirect effects on the endogenous variables. In study two, 128 participants (57.8% women; Mage = 42.30, SD = 12.08) were assessed for post-traumatic growth one year later. Psychological inflexibility and orientation acted as mediators between perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, a novel path model was constructed in which psychological inflexibility and orientation to the problem as mediators for perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. The indices for the path model were excellent: CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.055 [90%CI = 0.001-0.144], and SRMS = 0.49. Furthermore, PTSD symptoms, psychological inflexibility, and orientation to the problem predicted post-traumatic growth. Specifically, both orientation to the problem (β = .06 [90%CI: .01;.13]) and psychological inflexibility (β = .14 [90%CI: .08;.26]) had an indirect effect on post-traumatic growth. Overall, these results significantly contribute to the literature as orientation to the problem positively predicted PTSD symptoms and post-traumatic growth one year later while psychological inflexibility predicted PTSD symptoms and less post-traumatic growth one year later. These results underline the importance of assessing both symptomology and psychological growth to determine adaptive coping strategies in specific contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruno
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, ASP Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, Lamezia Terme, CZ Italy
- Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), Lamezia Terme, CZ Italy
- Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Francesca Vozzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Arcuri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Maressa
- Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Elisabetta La Cava
- Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Antonio Malvaso
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chloe Lau
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Francesca Chiesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Via S.Salvi 12, 50135 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Physical Activity, Life Satisfaction, Stress Perception and Coping Strategies of University Students in Belarus during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148629. [PMID: 35886479 PMCID: PMC9317606 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 restrictions in Belarus turned out to be less stringent than those of its neighboring countries. Objective: We aimed to evaluate physical activity, life satisfaction, perception of stress, choice of coping strategies and their correlations among Belarusian students. An anonymous Internet survey was conducted among 1769 students studying at the faculties of physical culture (415), pedagogical (737), and medical (617) universities. International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (mini-COPE) questionnaires were used. The respondents declared sufficient and high levels of physical activity. The level of physical activity was correlated with life satisfaction (typically for student-athletes). The least satisfaction with life and highest level of perceived stress were among future doctors. The minimum indicator of stress was noted in athletes. The most common coping strategy was active coping. Strategies of problem avoidance and seeking support from outside were not used by student-athletes. These strategies were used by pedagogical and medical students. Student-athletes have the most favorable opportunities, followed by representatives of pedagogical and medical students. The proposed classification of the levels of behavior (optimal, acceptable, satisfactory and risky) makes it possible to adjust lifestyles.
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Li Y, Wang Y, Lv X, Li R, Guan X, Li L, Li J, Cao Y. Effects of Factors Related to Shift Work on Depression and Anxiety in Nurses. Front Public Health 2022; 10:926988. [PMID: 35910870 PMCID: PMC9326492 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although shift work is the foundation of the provision of 24-h continuous care in hospitals, it can negatively impact mental health in hospital workers such as nurses. Despite the connection between mental health and overall health, little is known about the effect of shift work-related factors on mental health in this population. Objectives We investigated the effect of scheduling practices, physical and psychological characteristics related to shift work, and personal habits during shift work on depression and anxiety among nurses. Methods In this multi-center cross-sectional study, 11,061 nurses from 20 hospitals in the Shandong Province of China completed an online survey between December 2020 and February 2022. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to examine shift-related factors associated with depression and anxiety in the study population. Results The completion rate of all nurses' questionnaires was 83.00% (n = 9,181). Among the 9,181 respondents, 66.20% (n = 6,078) were shift nurses. Depression and anxiety were found in 58.82 and 62.08% of shift nurses, respectively, and these rates were influenced by fatigue during shift work, psychological stress before/during/after night shifts, feeling of being refreshed after resting before/after night shifts, using sleep medication before/after night shifts, physical discomfort during night shifts, busyness during night shifts, food intake during shift work, working > 40 h/week during shift work, and sleep quality before/after night shifts. Conclusions Depression and anxiety in shift nurses may be addressed by reducing their workload, sources of stress during night shifts, and facilitating rest and relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyun Guan
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingjuan Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yingjuan Cao
| |
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Büssing A, Recchia DR, Starck L, van Treeck K. Perceived Changes of Attitudes and Behaviors of Seventh-Day Adventists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Germany. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:2253-2278. [PMID: 35578058 PMCID: PMC9110213 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To analyze which pandemic related changes of attitudes and behaviors were perceived by Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) and how these relate to wellbeing, a cross-sectional survey with standardized questionnaires was performed. Participants (n = 1,494) stated changes for Relationships, Digital media usage and Nature/Silence/Contemplation, but not for Spirituality or Reflection of life. Best predictors of psychological wellbeing (WHO-5) were Spiritual wellbeing, perceived Restrictions and Awe/Gratitude (R2 = .32). Mediation analyses (R2 = 0.51) revealed a mediation effect of Awe/Gratitude between spiritual to psychological wellbeing (β = 0.11, p < 0.0001). Perceived changes were less relevant to buffer the negative effects of the pandemic; instead, they were related to fears of future. More relevant to stabilize SDAs´ wellbeing was their spirituality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arndt Büssing
- Professorship Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58313, Herdecke, Germany.
- IUNCTUS - Competence Center for Christian Spirituality, Philosophical-Theological Academy, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Daniela Rodrigues Recchia
- Professorship Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58313, Herdecke, Germany
- Chair of Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Lorethy Starck
- Institute for Holistic Wellbeing, Resilience and Spirituality; affiliated institute at the Friedensau Adventist University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Klaus van Treeck
- Institute for Holistic Wellbeing, Resilience and Spirituality; affiliated institute at the Friedensau Adventist University, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Papava I, Dehelean L, Romosan RS, Bondrescu M, Dimeny CZ, Domuta EM, Bratosin F, Bogdan I, Grigoras ML, Tigmeanu CV, Gherman A, Marincu I. The Impact of Hyper-Acute Inflammatory Response on Stress Adaptation and Psychological Symptoms of COVID-19 Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6501. [PMID: 35682084 PMCID: PMC9180708 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection induces a significant inflammatory response that are amplified by persistent stress. The pathophysiology of mental illnesses is explored in terms of inflammatory processes. Thus, anxious, depressed, or psychotic episodes may occur as a result of metabolic and immunological imbalances, as a direct result of their effect on the central nervous system, or as a side effect of the COVID-19 medication protocols. As such, the primary objective of this research is to establish if the psychological profiles of COVID-19 patients change substantially according to illness severity. The secondary objective is to determine if particular biological inflammatory indicators are associated with anxiety, sadness, psychoticism, and paranoid ideation. A cross-sectional study was performed on 90 hospitalized patients admitted during a 3-month period in the COVID-19 unit. All patients received the COPE-60 and SCL-90R questionnaires. Clinical and paraclinical data were collected and the information was classified according to the severity of COVID-19.The hyper-acute inflammation encountered in patients with severe COVID-19 infection characterized 80.0% of patients using disengagement coping methods, significantly more than patients with mild or moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection severity (p-value = 0.012), respectively, 73.3% severe COVID-19 patients engaging in emotion-focused coping strategies based on the COPE-60 scale (p-value = 0.037). Additionally, it was determined that negative coping mechanisms (disengagement) and emotion-focused methods are independent risk factors for developing psychoticism symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on the SCL-90 questionnaire (OR = 2.07; CI = 1.44-3.01), respectively (OR = 2.92; CI = 1.44-3.01). Elevated white blood cells and monocytes and inflammatory markers, such as fibrinogen, procalcitonin, IL-6, and D-dimers, were also identified as risk factors for psychoticism symptoms in multivariate analysis. It is particularly important to consider the constant mental-state evaluation in patients with severe COVID-19 that might benefit from early intervention before psychotic symptoms onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ion Papava
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (L.D.); (R.S.R.); (M.B.)
- Center for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, Timis County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Liana Dehelean
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (L.D.); (R.S.R.); (M.B.)
- Center for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, Timis County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Radu Stefan Romosan
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (L.D.); (R.S.R.); (M.B.)
- Center for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, Timis County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Mariana Bondrescu
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.P.); (L.D.); (R.S.R.); (M.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Timis County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Zoltan Dimeny
- Department of Psychiatry, Timis County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Eugenia Maria Domuta
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Piata 1 Decembrie 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.D.); (I.M.)
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (F.B.); (I.B.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Iulia Bogdan
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (F.B.); (I.B.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Mirela Loredana Grigoras
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (F.B.); (I.B.); (M.L.G.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Victoria Tigmeanu
- Department of Technology of Materials and Devices in Dental Medicine, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Angelica Gherman
- Research Center for Medical Communication, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Iosif Marincu
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Piata 1 Decembrie 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.D.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Ilska M, Brandt-Salmeri A, Kołodziej-Zaleska A, Preis H, Rehbein E, Lobel M. Anxiety among pregnant women during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8445. [PMID: 35589774 PMCID: PMC9118185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although anxiety is common because of the transitional nature of the perinatal period, particularly high levels of anxiety have been observed in some studies of pregnant women during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the severity of anxiety among pregnant women during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, and factors associated with it. Cross-sectional study with a total of 1050 pregnant women recruited via social media in Poland during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, from March 1 until June 1, 2020. The survey included validated psychological measures: the GAD-7 (anxiety), the PREPS (pandemic stress), with two subscales: preparedness and infection stress, and obstetric, sociodemographic and COVID-19 related variables. T-tests, ANOVAs, and hierarchical binary logistic regression for dichotomized GAD-7 scores (minimal or mild vs. moderate or severe) were used. Over a third of respondents experienced moderate or severe levels of anxiety. Predictors of moderate or severe anxiety were non-pandemic related factors like unplanned pregnancy and emotional and psychiatric problems, as well as pandemic related pregnancy stress. Levels of anxiety among pregnant women during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland exceeded pre-pandemic norms. Findings suggest that prior psychiatric conditions, unplanned pregnancy, and elevated pandemic-related pregnancy stress due to concerns about infection or poor preparation for birth contributed to the risk of high anxiety in Polish pregnant women during the pandemic onset. Given the harmful effects of antenatal anxiety on the health and well-being of mothers and their children, psychotherapeutic interventions, efforts to alleviate pregnant women's stress, and training in adaptive ways to cope with stress are vital to reduce the prevalence of maternal anxiety and its potential consequences during this global crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Ilska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Grażyńskiego Street 53, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Anna Brandt-Salmeri
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Grażyńskiego Street 53, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kołodziej-Zaleska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Grażyńskiego Street 53, Katowice, Poland
| | - Heidi Preis
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Emily Rehbein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Marci Lobel
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Yan J, Wu C, Du Y, He S, Shang L, Lang H. Occupational Stress and the Quality of Life of Nurses in Infectious Disease Departments in China: The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience. Front Psychol 2022; 13:817639. [PMID: 35401312 PMCID: PMC8992655 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.817639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We aim to explore the impact of occupational stress on the quality of life of nurses in infectious disease departments and to explore the mediating role of psychological resilience on this impact. Background Sudden public health events and the prevalence of infectious diseases give nurses in infectious disease departments a heavy task load and high occupational stress, which can affect their quality of life, and which is closely related to the quality of clinical care they provide. There are few existing studies on occupational stress, psychological resilience, and the quality of life of nurses in infectious disease departments. Methods We collected data from infectious-disease-specialized hospitals or infectious disease departments of general hospitals in China. In total 1,536 nurses completed questionnaires: the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale. We use a structural equation model to test the mediating role of the psychological resilience in the relationship between occupational stress and quality of life. Results Among 1,536 participants, 88.2% experienced an effort-reward imbalance. The average scores for psychological resilience and quality of life were 56.06 (SD = 14.19) and 51.80 (SD = 8.23), respectively. Our results show that occupational stress is negatively correlated with psychological resilience (r = -0.28, p < 0.01) and quality of life (r = -0.44, p < 0.01). In addition, we find that psychological resilience is positively correlated with quality of life (r = 0.55, p < 0.01) and that the indirect effect of occupational stress on quality of life through psychological resilience is significant (β = -0.036, 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.426), indicating at least a partial mediating role of psychological resilience. Conclusion A high proportion of nurses in infectious disease departments felt that their jobs' effort-reward imbalance was high. These nurses' scores for psychological resilience were in the middle level among Chinese people generally, but their quality of life was lower than the Chinese norm. We conclude that occupational stress has an important impact on their quality of life, and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role on this impact. Implications for Nursing Management Hospital managers can benefit from paying attention to the occupational stress of nurses and helping to improve the quality of life of nurses by alleviating this occupational stress and improving psychological resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaran Yan
- Nursing Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Nursing Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanling Du
- Nursing Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shizhe He
- Nursing Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Health Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjuan Lang
- Nursing Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
31
|
Brasso C, Bellino S, Blua C, Bozzatello P, Rocca P. The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Youth Mental Health: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:772. [PMID: 35453522 PMCID: PMC9031156 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical health, psychological wellbeing, and mental health of the whole population. Young people are among those most at risk of developing mental health symptoms or disorders related to the pandemic. PURPOSE the present narrative review is aimed at providing an updated overview of the current literature concerning the psychological impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection but also of the COVID-19 outbreak, environmental restriction, and social distancing on mental health outcomes among the youth population aged between 15 and 25 years. METHODS in December 2021, an electronic search on this topic was performed on PubMed. Relevant publications from January 2020 until December 2021 were included. FINDINGS 53 cross-sectional studies, 26 longitudinal studies, 4 ecological studies, 1 qualitative study, and 1 systematic review were included. We found many methodological limitations in the studies included, especially poor choice of study samples and short follow-ups. Little literature was in support of a strong relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and consequences on youth mental health. On the contrary, many studies showed how extraordinary measures to limit the spread of the virus have impacted young people in terms of onset of new mental disorders and symptoms, suicidality, and access to emergency psychiatric services. Depressive and anxiety symptoms and disorders show the greatest increase in incidence, especially in girls and young women. CONCLUSIONS it seems important to pay attention to the mental health of young people in relation to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, studies with more robust methodologies and longer follow-ups are needed to establish precise indications for targeted interventions in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.B.); (C.B.); (P.B.); (P.R.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Li M, Zu J, Zhang Y, Ma L, Shen M, Li Z, Ji F. COVID-19 epidemic in New York City: development of an age group-specific mathematical model to predict the outcome of various vaccination strategies. Virol J 2022; 19:43. [PMID: 35292054 PMCID: PMC8922400 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since December 14, 2020, New York City (NYC) has started the first batch of COVID-19 vaccines. However, the shortage of vaccines is currently an inevitable problem. Therefore, optimizing the age-specific COVID-19 vaccination is an important issue that needs to be addressed as a priority. Objective Combined with the reported COVID-19 data in NYC, this study aimed to construct a mathematical model with five age groups to estimate the impact of age-specific vaccination on reducing the prevalence of COVID-19. Methods We proposed an age-structured mathematical model and estimated the unknown parameters based on the method of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). We also calibrated our model by using three different types of reported COVID-19 data in NYC. Moreover, we evaluated the reduced cumulative number of deaths and new infections with different vaccine allocation strategies. Results Compared with the current vaccination strategy in NYC, if we gradually increased the vaccination coverage rate for only one age groups from March 1, 2021 such that the vaccination coverage rate would reach to 40% by June 1, 2021, then as of June 1, 2021, the cumulative deaths in the 75–100 age group would be reduced the most, about 72 fewer deaths per increased 100,000 vaccinated individuals, and the cumulative new infections in the 0–17 age group would be reduced the most, about 21,591 fewer new infections per increased 100,000 vaccinated individuals. If we gradually increased the vaccination coverage rate for two age groups from March 1, 2021 such that the vaccination coverage rate would reach to 40% by June 1, 2021, then as of June 1, 2021, the cumulative deaths in the 65–100 age group would be reduced the most, about 36 fewer deaths per increased 100,000 vaccinated individuals, and the cumulative new infections in the 0–44 age group would be reduced the most, about 17,515 fewer new infections per increased 100,000 vaccinated individuals. In addition, if we had an additional 100,000 doses of vaccine for 0–17 and 75–100 age groups as of June 1, 2021, then the allocation of 80% to the 0–17 age group and 20% to the 75–100 age group would reduce the maximum numbers of new infections and deaths simultaneously in NYC. Conclusions The COVID-19 burden including deaths and new infections would decrease with increasing vaccination coverage rate. Priority vaccination to the elderly and adolescents would minimize both deaths and new infections. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12985-022-01771-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaolei Li
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwang Shen
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710006, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related To Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, 710006, China
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China. .,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related To Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, 710006, China. .,Shaanxi Clinical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, 710006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
Khudaykulov A, Changjun Z, Obrenovic B, Godinic D, Alsharif HZH, Jakhongirov I. The fear of COVID-19 and job insecurity impact on depression and anxiety: An empirical study in China in the COVID-19 pandemic aftermath. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35287294 PMCID: PMC8906526 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The employees' psychological health and resilience in times of emergency and general uncertainty was chosen due to the immense implications for economics, entrepreneurs, psychologists and psychiatrists, and policymakers. This study aims to provide an insight into uncertainty-induced anxiety and depression among Chinese employees in the aftermath of the COVID-19 outbreak. Analysis performed in the context of China in the COVID-19 pandemic aftermath is significant due to the universal nature of external shock impact on psychological welfare, applicable across nations and business sectors and in similar contexts. The statistical analysis was performed with SEM software AMOS version 23. The research model consisting of fear of COVID-19, job insecurity, anxiety, depression, was empirically tested. A purposive sampling technique was applied with the online questionnaire shared with employees in companies located in China. Respondents were working in educational services, information technology, engineering, electronics, and other sectors on white-collar jobs. The data collection was conducted from May to August 2020, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. The research sample consisting of 283 respondents was used for analysis. Path analysis was performed, and standardized parameter estimates, standard errors, and p-values were calculated. The results indicate a positive and significant impact of job insecurity on depression and anxiety. Furthermore, results indicate that the fear of COVID-19 significantly impacts anxiety and depression but does not impact job insecurity. The findings can be used in a multidisciplinary effort to mitigate the psychological damage. Furthermore, they complement the ongoing epidemiological and scientific discourse on people's personal health and choice of coping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akmal Khudaykulov
- School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zheng Changjun
- School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Bojan Obrenovic
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Danijela Godinic
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
34
|
De Los Santos JAA, Labrague LJ, Falguera CC. Fear of COVID-19, poor quality of sleep, irritability, and intention to quit school among nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:71-78. [PMID: 33792054 PMCID: PMC8251196 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to assess the fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its influence on the students' fear of COVID-19 and intention to leave nursing school. DESIGN AND METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaires distributed to 261 nursing students from the Philippines. FINDINGS The first-year nursing students are found to be the most fearful among the group. The students' fear of COVID-19 is associated with their high irritability, poor sleep quality, and desire to quit nursing school. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Students are perturbed by the pandemic and teachers should implement supportive, teaching-learning strategies to address the student's needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charlie C. Falguera
- Department of NursingUniversity of the Philippines Manila‐ School of Health SciencesPalo LeytePhilippines
| |
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Lemuel AM, Usman IM, Kasozi KI, Alghamdi S, Aigbogun EO, Archibong V, Ssebuufu R, Kabanyoro A, Ifie JE, Swase DT, Ssempijja F, Ayuba JT, Matama K, Onohuean H, Kembabazi S, Henry R, Odoma S, Yusuf H, Afodun AM, Assaggaf HM, Kairania E, Aslam A, Okon O, El-Saber Batiha G, Welburn SC. COVID-19-Related Mental Health Burdens: Impact of Educational Level and Relationship Status Among Low-Income Earners of Western Uganda. Front Public Health 2021; 9:739270. [PMID: 34900896 PMCID: PMC8663024 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.739270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health with the level of education, relationship status, and awareness on mental health among low-income earners in Western Uganda. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among 253 participants. Anxiety, anger, and depression were assessed using a modified generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, and Beck Depression Inventory item tools, respectively. Results: The majority of our respondents were male (n = 150/253, 59.3), had a secondary level of education (104/253, 41.1), and were single (137/253, 54.2). No formal education and primary education (r2 = 47.4% and 6.4%, respectively) had a negative correlation with awareness of mental health care. In addition, no formal education had a positive correlation with anger and depression (r2 = 1.9% and 0.3%, respectively). Singleness in this study had a negative correlation with awareness of mental health care, anger, and depression (r2 = 1.9, 0.8, and 0.3%, respectively), and a positive correlation with anxiety (r2 = 3.9%). Conclusion: It is evident that education and relationship status influenced awareness on mental health care and mental health state among low-income earners in Western Uganda during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Therefore, policymakers should strengthen social transformation through the proper engagement of low-income earners in this COVID-19 era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Monima Lemuel
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ibe Michael Usman
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Keneth Iceland Kasozi
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eric Osamudiamwen Aigbogun
- Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cavendish University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Victor Archibong
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | | | - Annet Kabanyoro
- School of Nursing, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Josiah Eseoghene Ifie
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Dominic Terkimbi Swase
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Fred Ssempijja
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - John Tabakwot Ayuba
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Kevin Matama
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hope Onohuean
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stellamaris Kembabazi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Rachael Henry
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Said Odoma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, International University, Kampala, Uganda.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
| | - Helen Yusuf
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Adam Moyosore Afodun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Hamza M Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuel Kairania
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Akhmed Aslam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Owoisinke Okon
- Department of Public Health, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Susan Christina Welburn
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
36
|
Wang Z, Wang D. The influence and enlightenment of five public health emergencies on public psychology since new century: A systematic review. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021; 67:878-891. [PMID: 33722089 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211002222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the 21st century, humans have experienced five public health emergencies: the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), type A H1N1 influenza (H1N1), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Ebola virus disease (EVD), and the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). They caused a large number of casualties and a wider psychological crisis, which might cause severe consequences such as post-traumatic stress disorder and suicide. AIMS To reveal the law of formation of public psychological crisis in public health emergencies, and draw lessons from it. To provide ideas for effectively deal with these psychological crisis problems and fundamentally curbing the occurrence of public health emergencies. METHOD Through the method of literature research, 'public health incidents', 'psychological crisis', 'mental health', 'psychological intervention', 'SARS', 'H1N1', 'MERS', 'EVD', and 'COVID-19' were used to search literatures in the databases such as PubMed, Springer, and Sciencedirect, and the literatures were summarized, sorted, and studied. RESULTS (1) The public health emergencies caused a universal psychological crisis. The main manifestations were depression, compulsion, despair, etc. The people involved mainly include patients, suspected isolated patients, medical staff, and the general public in the epidemic situation. (2) People's psychological state often experienced stress stage, shock stage, acceptance, and reorganization. Only some susceptible individuals couldn't complete effective psychological reconstruction, resulting in serious psychological disorders. Individual susceptibility is related to genetic factors, adversity, and traumatic stimuli experienced in early life. CONCLUSION To reduce these psychological crisis problems, we should establish and improve the psychological crisis intervention or rescue system of public health emergencies, it was still necessary to live in harmony with nature, get rid of the inappropriate habit of preying on wild animals, in order to prevent the cross-species transmission of the virus between wild animals and humans, and to fundamentally avoid the occurrence of major infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Saud M, Ashfaq A, Abbas A, Ariadi S, Mahmood QK. Social support through religion and psychological well-being: COVID-19 and coping strategies in Indonesia. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:3309-3325. [PMID: 34245436 PMCID: PMC8272444 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01327-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) originated in China at the end of 2019, the virus festered there for four months before spreading globally. Impacting the developed and developing world including Indonesia. It has transformed social, economic and political practices social life, everyday habits and government policies, with multi-dimensional consequences on human life. The present study endeavours to explore the relationship between religiosity, social capital, and psychological well-being of the general public, particularly in terms of coping with the pandemic. In addition to this, the study aims to highlight the importance of public awareness regarding social distancing, use of religion as a coping mechanism, and living a healthy lifestyle during pandemic. For knowing the perception of the masses, an online survey by using a self-administered questionnaire was carried out among coronavirus patients, the general public, social media activists, students, and professionals across Indonesia. The findings indicate that the pandemic has altered the lifestyle of the masses in different ways and that people have varied perceptions towards this virus regarding its spread and preventive measures. The study also reveals that, social capital (β = .418, p < .001), psychological well-being (β = .343, p < .001), and religious coping (β = .145, p <. 01) have a significant amount of the variance of coronavirus situational stress (F = 69.77, p < .001, R2 = 0.485). Lastly, the study suggests that, adopting preventative measures, standard operating procedures that are sustainable and healthy forms of coping with the pandemic will be equally as important as medical care in order to contain and eventually eradicate the virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saud
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Asia Ashfaq
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Abbas
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Septi Ariadi
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
38
|
Yasmin F, Dapke K, Khalid MR, Naz H, Naz F, Admani B, Asghar MS, Awan S, Phadke R, Saleem M. Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depressive Symptoms among Pakistani Population during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Regression Analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 105:915-923. [PMID: 34460417 PMCID: PMC8592168 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a span of 1 year, with millions infected, COVID-19 has spread to every part of the world and now poses a health threat to each and every one of us. The outbreak has consequently resulted in multiple health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, panic, and denial globally. Several factors have contributed to this rising number of psychiatric consults all over the world. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Pakistani population during the second wave of the pandemic in this region. We conducted an online web-based cross-sectional survey comprising 500 participants. The questionnaire assessed the demographic information, attitude, and knowledge concerning COVID-19 outbreak in addition to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) utilizing the GAD-7 scale and depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CES-D) scale. The response rate of the study was 90.9%. The results of the survey indicated a prevalence of 25.4% of GAD, and 18.8% of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, nearly 34.8% of participants feared contracting COVID-19, 62.8% obtained constant critical updates regarding COVID-19, while 17.6% did not understand the knowledge regarding COVID-19. In the multivariate regression models, GAD was significantly associated with gender, age, and checking constantly of critical updates regarding COVID-19. Similarly, participants under 30 years had a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms than those above (> 30 years). Lastly, participants with no formal education were also found to be more prone to developing depression. We identified a potential threat to mental health during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kartik Dapke
- Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, India
| | - Muhammad Rahman Khalid
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hina Naz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farah Naz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Admani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Awan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Psychology, Dow University Hospital, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
|
39
|
Lau N, Colt SF, Waldbaum S, O'Daffer A, Fladeboe K, Yi-Frazier JP, McCauley E, Rosenberg AR. Telemental Health For Youth With Chronic Illnesses: Systematic Review. JMIR Ment Health 2021; 8:e30098. [PMID: 34448724 PMCID: PMC8459754 DOI: 10.2196/30098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic conditions experience difficulties coping with disease-related stressors, comorbid mental health problems, and decreased quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global mental health crisis, and telemental health has necessarily displaced in-person care. However, it remains unknown whether such remote interventions are feasible or efficacious. We aimed to fill this research-practice gap. OBJECTIVE In this systematic review, we present a synthesis of studies examining the feasibility and efficacy of telemental health interventions for youth aged ≤25 years with chronic illnesses. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from 2008 to 2020. We included experimental, quasiexperimental, and observational studies of telemental health interventions designed for children, adolescents, and young adults aged ≤25 years with chronic illnesses, in which feasibility or efficacy outcomes were measured. Only English-language publications in peer-reviewed journals were included. We excluded studies of interventions for caregivers or health care providers, mental health problems not in the context of a chronic illness, disease and medication management, and prevention programs for healthy individuals. RESULTS We screened 2154 unique study records and 109 relevant full-text articles. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, and they represented seven unique telemental health interventions. Five of the studies included feasibility outcomes and seven included efficacy outcomes. All but two studies were pilot studies with relatively small sample sizes. Most interventions were based on cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy. The subset of studies examining intervention feasibility concluded that telemental health interventions were appropriate, acceptable, and satisfactory to patients and their parents. Technology did not create barriers in access to care. For the subset of efficacy studies, evidence in support of the efficacy of telemental health was mixed. Significant heterogeneity in treatment type, medical diagnoses, and outcomes precluded a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS The state of the science for telemental health interventions designed for youth with chronic illnesses is in a nascent stage. Early evidence supports the feasibility of telehealth-based delivery of traditional in-person interventions. Few studies have assessed efficacy, and current findings are mixed. Future research should continue to evaluate whether telemental health may serve as a sustainable alternative to in-person care after the COVID pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Susannah F Colt
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shayna Waldbaum
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alison O'Daffer
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Fladeboe
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joyce P Yi-Frazier
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Elizabeth McCauley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
40
|
Nadalin S, Jakovac H, Peitl V, Karlović D, Buretić-Tomljanović A. Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:611. [PMID: 34184073 PMCID: PMC8258463 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and nongenetic factors associated with an increased inflammatory response may mediate a link between severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) and serious mental illness (SMI). However, systematic assessment of inflammatory response‑related factors associated with SMI that could influence COVID‑19 outcomes is lacking. In the present review, dietary patterns, smoking and the use of psychotropic medications are discussed as potential extrinsic risk factors and angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphisms are considered as potential intrinsic risk factors. A genetics‑based prediction model for SMI using ACE‑I/D genotyping is also proposed for use in patients experiencing severe COVID‑19. Furthermore, the literature suggests that ACE inhibitors may have protective effects against SMI or severe COVID‑19, which is often linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular comorbidities. For this reason, we hypothesize that using these medications to treat patients with severe COVID‑19 might yield improved outcomes, including in the context of SMI associated with COVID‑19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Nadalin
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Jakovac
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center and Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center and Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alena Buretić-Tomljanović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Su F, Fan B, Song N, Dong X, Wang Y, Li J, Xue B, Qiao X. Survey on Public Psychological Intervention Demand and Influence Factors Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4808. [PMID: 33946413 PMCID: PMC8124959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Major public health emergencies would have a negative influence on the psychology of the public, and an effective psychological intervention can help them to relieve some emotions, such as tension and panic. However, differences in individual environments affect people's psychological intervention demands and intervention mode choices. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical value to analyze and identify the key factors affecting these demands and choices. Based on a nationwide sample of 24,188 respondents from the "Internet Survey of Residents' Behavioral Changes and Psychological Conditions during the Epidemic," the different characteristics of public psychological intervention demands and choices under different factors are explored in this paper. The results demonstrate that: (1) the psychological status of Chinese people was relatively stable during the epidemic period, and there were 1016 respondents who had subjective demands for a psychological intervention, (2) age, gender, occupation type, residence, family size, risk perception, psychological status, education level, and fixed expenditure all significantly affect public psychological intervention demands, and (3) risk perception, psychological status, age, gender, and family size will impact the choice of psychological intervention methods. The above results can provide a decision-making basis for the construction of a psychological intervention system in psychological crisis management during the post-epidemic prevention and control period, as well as reference and suggestions for handling psychological stress of similar sudden crisis events in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Su
- School of Economics and Management, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710000, China; (B.F.); (N.S.)
| | - Bingjie Fan
- School of Economics and Management, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710000, China; (B.F.); (N.S.)
| | - Nini Song
- School of Economics and Management, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710000, China; (B.F.); (N.S.)
| | - Xue Dong
- Mental Health Education Center, School of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710000, China;
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China;
| | - Jingzhong Li
- School of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China;
| | - Bing Xue
- Key Lab of Pollution Ecology & Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Xianrong Qiao
- Arts and Sciences School, Translation and Cultural Communication Research Institute, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
A Study of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Experience of Back Pain Reported on Twitter ® in the United States: A Natural Language Processing Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094543. [PMID: 33922924 PMCID: PMC8123305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed our lifestyles, habits, and daily routine. Some of the impacts of COVID-19 have been widely reported already. However, many effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are still to be discovered. The main objective of this study was to assess the changes in the frequency of reported physical back pain complaints reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast to other published studies, we target the general population using Twitter as a data source. Specifically, we aim to investigate differences in the number of back pain complaints between the pre-pandemic and during the pandemic. A total of 53,234 and 78,559 tweets were analyzed for November 2019 and November 2020, respectively. Because Twitter users do not always complain explicitly when they tweet about the experience of back pain, we have designed an intelligent filter based on natural language processing (NLP) to automatically classify the examined tweets into the back pain complaining class and other tweets. Analysis of filtered tweets indicated an 84% increase in the back pain complaints reported in November 2020 compared to November 2019. These results might indicate significant changes in lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic, including restrictions in daily body movements and reduced exposure to routine physical exercise.
Collapse
|
|
43
|
Rajkumar RP. Suffering and Salutogenesis: A Conceptual Analysis of Lessons for Psychiatry From Existential Positive Psychology (PP2.0) in the Setting of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:646334. [PMID: 33897551 PMCID: PMC8064119 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.646334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a widespread effect on the thoughts, emotions and behavior of millions of people all around the world. In this context, a large body of scientific literature examining the mental health impact of this global crisis has emerged. The majority of these studies have framed this impact in terms of pre-defined categories derived from psychiatric nosology, such as anxiety disorders, depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. These constructs often fail to capture the complexity of the actual experiences of the individuals being studied; more specifically, they describe these experiences exclusively in terms of disease, while neglecting their potentially adaptive or “salutogenic” aspects. Similarly, discussion of psychological assistance for these individuals has largely been confined to a reiteration of “evidence-based” psychological or pharmacological techniques which can be delivered using remote access technology. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, these approaches are likely to be of mixed efficacy. Conversely, “negative emotions” or distressing psychological experiences may actually be functional in the setting of a disaster or crisis, serving to minimize harm, maximize social coherence and compliance, and facilitate adherence to safety measures. The limitations of the “conventional” approach are, to a certain degree, inherent to the prevailing medical model of mental health. Beyond these considerations lies the concept of “salutogenesis,” a term which refers to the innate capacity of individuals to create and maintain health and well-being in the face of adversity. Using principles derived from the second wave of positive psychology (PP2.0), particularly its emphasis on the totality of human experience and the possibility of deriving meaning and character growth from suffering, this paper conceptually analyses the relevant aspects of salutogenesis and PP2.0, and proposes an alternate approach for addressing mental health concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such an approach, while acknowledging the utility of the conventional medical-psychotherapeutic model in specific cases, reduces the risk of medicalizing human experience, and provides individuals and communities with opportunities for growth and adaptation. The benefits of this proposal could potentially extend far beyond the current crisis, offering an opportunity for the field of psychiatry and mental health research to move away from a purely “disease-centered” model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Philip Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Psychological Health Status of Psychiatric Patients Living in Treatment Communities before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Brief Report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073567. [PMID: 33808178 PMCID: PMC8037022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many studies investigated the psychological impact of lockdown measures on the general population, while few studies focused on the psychiatric population. This study aimed to investigate the role of therapeutic communities in the management and containment of symptoms of patients with psychosis living in psychiatric residential facilities. Data were collected at two different points: November 2019 (Coronavirus disease 19 had not yet spread) and April 2020 (during the lockdown in Italy). Twenty-two study participants were recruited from three residential accredited psychiatric facilities. During lockdown, the patients showed a small increase in symptomatology in terms of emotional isolation. In addition, it was been observed significant differences in certain functional areas of the behavior, measured as lower inclination towards violent behaviors during lockdown, and higher scores in substance abuse and medical impairment. The lockdown condition could represent a form of containment; daily routines, along with adequate social support, are important aspects of the stability and the level of behavioral functioning of psychiatric patients. Social support and continuity of care offered by psychiatric communities can be an effective safeguard against the psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Collapse
|
|
45
|
Pandey D, Bansal S, Goyal S, Garg A, Sethi N, Pothiyill DI, Sreelakshmi ES, Sayyad MG, Sethi R. Psychological impact of mass quarantine on population during pandemics-The COVID-19 Lock-Down (COLD) study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240501. [PMID: 33091020 PMCID: PMC7580982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quarantine often is an unpleasant experience. The aim of this study is to explore the degree of psychological distress in terms of-Depression, Anxiety and Stress among the adult population in India during the strict 21 days mandatory lockdown. We hypothesize that quantification of psychological impact of current situation will help us to modify the policies and implementation strategies. This assessment might also help in future to keep targeted services in place, to cope up with the psychological distress of the quarantined population. METHOD A cross sectional survey design was adopted to assess the psychological state of general population in India, during the COVID-19 mandatory lockdown period, with the help of a validated questionnaire. FINDINGS The reported prevalence of depression was around 30.5%, which was the highest among the variables of psychological health. Anxiety was reported by 22.4%, followed by stress which was seen in 10.8% of respondents. In the third week the incidence of depression (37.8% versus 23.4%; p<0.001), anxiety (26.6% versus 18.2%; p<0.001) and stress (12.2% versus 9.3%; p<0.045) was reported to be significantly higher as compared to second week. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest a progressively detrimental impact of lockdown on various aspects of psychological health. We noticed around eight to ten fold increase in the prevalence of depression (30.5%) and anxiety (22.4%) during lockdown, as compared to baseline statistics in Indian population (3·1-3·6% for depressive disorders and 3·0-3·5% for anxiety disorders).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Pandey
- KMC Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Suvrati Bansal
- KMC Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Shubham Goyal
- KMC Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Akanksha Garg
- KMC Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Rishi Sethi
- King George’s Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|