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Liu X, Wang S, Niu X, Liu Z, Meng X. The effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on patients with chronic insomnia: a prospective functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Sleep Med 2025; 131:106517. [PMID: 40267527 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 02/22/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic insomnia (CI) is a prevalent disorder associated with prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction, and it can significantly impair quality of life and psychological well-being. This study explores the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a tool for rapid screening of CI and for evaluating the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in improving brain function and clinical symptoms in CI patients. METHODS A total of 60 participants were enrolled, including 30 healthy controls (HCs) and 30 CI patients. CI patients received a two-week intervention of 1 Hz rTMS targeting the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Symptom severity was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Hemodynamic differences between CI patients and HCs during a verbal fluency task (VFT) were analyzed using fNIRS. RESULTS HCs exhibited significantly lower PSQI, SAS, and SDS scores compared to CI patients (p < 0.05). During the VFT, oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) levels in the DLPFC and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were significantly higher in HCs than in CI patients (p < 0.05). Following rTMS treatment, CI patients demonstrated significantly increased activation in relevant brain regions compared to pre-treatment levels. CONCLUSION fNIRS has shown considerable potential as a valuable tool for the screening and diagnosis of CI. Compared to HCs, CI patients exhibited significantly weaker PFC responses during the VFT. rTMS treatment was found to alleviate symptoms in CI patients, likely due to its ability to enhance PFC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Liu
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Shijing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, China
| | - Xiuqing Niu
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250014, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110041, China
| | - Xianguo Meng
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China.
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Khan OA, Rahman S, Baduni K, Modlesky CM. Assessment of cortical activity, functional connectivity, and neuroplasticity in cerebral palsy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2025; 67:875-891. [PMID: 39963963 PMCID: PMC12134447 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.16238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2025]
Abstract
AIM To map and critically appraise the literature on the feasibility and current use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess cortical activity, functional connectivity, and neuroplasticity in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD A scoping review methodology was prospectively registered and reported following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in four databases. Empirical studies using fNIRS to assess neural activity, functional connectivity, or neuroplasticity in individuals with CP aged 3 years or older were included. RESULTS Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Individuals with CP (age range = 3-43 years; 70% unilateral CP) underwent fNIRS-based assessment for task-evoked activity (studies [n] = 15) and/or resting-state functional connectivity (n = 3). Preliminary observations suggest greater magnitude, extent, and ipsilateral hemispheric lateralization of sensorimotor cortex activity in CP, while magnitude and patterns of prefrontal cortex activity in CP appear dependent on task demands. Normalization of fNIRS-based activity metrics observed postintervention (n = 3) paralleled improvements in functional outcomes, highlighting their potential as promising biomarkers for functional gains in CP. INTERPRETATION This review details the use of fNIRS in CP, highlights research gaps and technical limitations, and offers recommendations to support fNIRS implementation for ecologically valid functional neuroimaging in individuals with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais A. Khan
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Simin Rahman
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
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Jialin A, Zhang HG, Wang XH, Wang JF, Zhao XY, Wang C, Cao MN, Li XJ, Li Y, Cao LL, Zhong BL, Deng W. Cortical activation patterns in generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders measured by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. J Affect Disord 2025; 379:549-558. [PMID: 40044089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2025] [Revised: 02/08/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are highly prevalent mental disorders in psychiatry, but their overlapping symptoms often complicate precise diagnoses. This study aims to explore differential brain activation patterns in healthy controls (HC), MDD, and GAD groups through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the verbal fluency task (VFT) to enhance the accuracy of clinical diagnoses. METHODS This study recruited 30 patients with MDD, 45 patients with GAD, and 34 demographically matched HCs. Hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and temporal lobes were measured using a 48-channel fNIRS during the VFT task. Demographics information, clinical characteristics and VFT performance were also recorded. RESULTS Compared to HCs, both MDD and GAD share a neurobiological phenotype of hypoactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during VFT. Moreover, MDD patients exhibited significantly greater hypoactivation in the left DLPFC and mPFC than GAD patients. CONCLUSIONS Although both GAD and MDD patients exhibit disrupted cortical function, the impairment is less severe in GAD. These findings provide preliminary neurophysiological evidence supporting the utility of the fNIRS-VFT paradigm in differentiating GAD from MDD. This approach may complement traditional diagnostic methods, inform targeted interventions, and ultimately enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfeirea Jialin
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong-Guang Zhang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Ying Zhao
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chu Wang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min-Ne Cao
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yue Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lan-Lan Cao
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bao-Liang Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan 430014, China.
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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Ma Y, Zhang J, Dang R, Wang N, Wang Y, Yu M, Chen M, Shen P, Wang Q, Huang J. Perception of native vs. non-native language and non-speech sounds in one-week-old neonates: An fNIRS study. Brain Res Bull 2025; 226:111370. [PMID: 40339996 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Revised: 04/07/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early infant phonological and non-phonological perceptual abilities are crucial for future language learning. Previous studies have focused on the changes in the cerebral cortex of infants and toddlers during speech perception, while the changes in the cerebral cortex during non-speech perception remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate cortical activation patterns and differences in full-term healthy newborns under different speech and non-speech stimuli by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS The cohort included 36 full-term healthy neonates (7.4 ± 6.0 days) exposed to two types of speech stimuli (native Mandarin and non-native Spanish) and three non-speech stimuli (music, cat calls, and noise) in a block design. Brain activity was monitored across eight brain regions of interest (ROIs) were monitored using fNIRS (54 channels): frontal pole area (FPA), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), primary sensorimotor cortex, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), superior temporal gyrus (STG), fusiform gyrus (FFG), Wernicke's area, and Broca's area. RESULTS Mandarin stimulation activated all ROIs in newborns. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations in FPA, MFG, STG, MTG, FFG, Wernicke's area, and Broca's area were significantly higher during Mandarin exposure compared to Spanish (p < 0.05). MTG activation was significantly greater during Mandarin exposure compared to cat calls (p = 0.005), music (p = 0.040), and noise (p < 0.001). Similarly, MFG and Broca's area showed significantly greater activation during music exposure compared to Spanish and noise stimuli (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The newborn brain can perceive various speech and non-speech stimuli, demonstrating a preference for native language stimuli, followed by music. The ability to perceive non-native languages, animal calls, and noise appears more limited. These findings could provide some references for future research on infant and toddler language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchun Ma
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China; The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China; The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | - Ruochen Dang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China; The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China; The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | - Mei Yu
- The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | | | - Peiting Shen
- The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
| | - Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China; The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.
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Cao X, Zhang Y, Wu H, Da H, Xiao Q, Shi H. Decoding depression: How DLPFC and SMA mediate stress perception's role in mental health? J Affect Disord 2025; 379:323-331. [PMID: 40086480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder that significantly impacts global well-being. Although stress is a major contributor to depression, not all stress leads to depressive outcomes due to differences in stress perception. Understanding the neural mechanisms of stress perception may help identify biomarkers for targeted interventions to alleviate stress-related depression. METHODS This study included 113 participants. Each participant completed a Verbal Fluency Task (VFT) while undergoing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to monitor brain activity. Oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) concentration data were analyzed using Matlab, and PROCESS v4.1 to examine neural mechanisms connecting stress perception and depression. RESULTS Correlation analysis showed a significant negative association between depression severity and Oxy-Hb concentration in several brain regions, including the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral Broca's area (BA), right frontal pole (FP), and right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Mediation and moderation analyses revealed that the bilateral DLPFC serves as a key mediator in the relationship between stress perception and depression, with the supplementary motor area (SMA) acts as a moderator. Functional differentiation was observed, with the left DLPFC and left SMA influencing the effect of nervous on depression, and the right DLPFC and right SMA influencing the effect of uncontrolled on depression. CONCLUSION The bilateral DLPFC and SMA play critical roles in mediating and moderating stress perception's impact on depression, suggesting these regions as potential targets for interventions in stress-related depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Cao
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Huifen Wu
- School of Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Hui Da
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Shi
- The Department of Cardio-Psychiatry Liaison Consultation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
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Segal N, Kalyuzhner Z, Agdarov S, Beiderman Y, Beiderman Y, Zalevsky Z. AI-powered remote monitoring of brain responses to clear and incomprehensible speech via speckle pattern analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2025; 30:067001. [PMID: 40492267 PMCID: PMC12148044 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.30.6.067001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2025] [Revised: 04/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 06/11/2025]
Abstract
Significance Functional magnetic resonance imaging provides high spatial resolution but is limited by cost, infrastructure, and the constraints of an enclosed scanner. Portable methods such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography improve accessibility but require physical contact with the scalp. Our speckle pattern imaging technique offers a remote, contactless, and low-cost alternative for monitoring cortical activity, enabling neuroimaging in environments where contact-based methods are impractical or MRI access is unfeasible. Aim We aim to develop a remote photonic technique for detecting human brain cortex activity by applying deep learning to the speckle pattern videos captured from specific brain cortex areas illuminated by a laser beam. Approach We enhance laser speckle pattern tracking with artificial intelligence (AI) to enable remote brain monitoring. In this study, a laser beam was projected onto Wernicke's area to detect brain responses to a clear and incomprehensible speech. The speckle pattern videos were analyzed using a convolutional long short-term memory-based deep neural network classifier. Results The classifier distinguished brain responses to a clear and incomprehensible speech in unseen subjects, achieving a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve) of 0.94 for classifications based on at least 1 s of input. Conclusions This remote method for distinguishing brain responses has practical applications in brain function research, medical monitoring, sports, and real-life scenarios, particularly for individuals sensitive to scalp contact or headgear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Segal
- Bar-Ilan University, Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Zeev Kalyuzhner
- Bar-Ilan University, Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Sergey Agdarov
- Bar-Ilan University, Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yafim Beiderman
- Bar-Ilan University, Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yevgeny Beiderman
- Holon Institute of Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Holon, Israel
| | - Zeev Zalevsky
- Bar-Ilan University, Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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7
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Almukhtar A, Caddick V, Naik R, Goble M, Mylonas G, Darzi A, Orihuela-Espina F, Leff DR. Objective Assessment of Cognitive Workload in Surgery: A Systematic Review. Ann Surg 2025; 281:942-951. [PMID: 38847099 PMCID: PMC12061381 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000006370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review technologies that objectively measure cognitive workload (CWL) in surgery, assessing their psychometric and methodological characteristics. BACKGROUND Surgical tasks involving concurrent clinical decision-making and the safe application of technical and non-technical skills require a substantial cognitive demand and resource utilization. Cognitive overload leads to impaired clinical decision-making and performance decline. Assessing CWL could enable interventions to alleviate burden and improve patient safety. METHODS Ovid MEDLINE, OVID Embase, the Cochrane Library, and IEEE Xplore databases were searched from inception to August 2023. Full-text, peer-reviewed original studies in a population of surgeons, anesthesiologists or interventional radiologists were considered, with no publication date constraints. Study population, task paradigm, stressor, cognitive load theory (CLT) domain, objective and subjective parameters, statistical analysis, and results were extracted. Studies were assessed for (1) definition of CWL; (2) details of the clinical task paradigm; and (3) objective CWL assessment tool. Assessment tools were evaluated using psychometric and methodological characteristics. RESULTS A total of 10,790 studies were identified; 9004 were screened; 269 full studies were assessed for eligibility, of which 67 met inclusion criteria. The most widely used assessment modalities were autonomic (32 eye studies and 24 cardiac). Intrinsic workload (eg, task complexity) and germane workload (effect of training or expertize) were the most prevalent designs investigated. CWL was not defined in 30 of 67 studies (44.8%). Sensitivity was greatest for neurophysiological instruments (100% EEG, 80% fNIRS); and across modalities accuracy increased with multisensor recordings. Specificity was limited to cardiac and ocular metrics, and was found to be suboptimal (50% and 66.67%). Cardiac sensors were the least intrusive, with 54.2% of studies conducted in naturalistic clinical environments (higher ecological validity). CONCLUSIONS Physiological metrics provide an accessible, objective assessment of CWL, but dependence on autonomic function negates selectivity and diagnosticity. Neurophysiological measures demonstrate favorable sensitivity, directly measuring brain activation as a correlate of cognitive state. Lacking an objective gold standard at present, we recommend the concurrent use of multimodal objective sensors and subjective tools for cross-validation. A theoretical and technical framework for objective assessment of CWL is required to overcome the heterogeneity of methodological reporting, data processing, and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aws Almukhtar
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Virginia Caddick
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ravi Naik
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mary Goble
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - George Mylonas
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ara Darzi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Daniel R. Leff
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Breast Surgery, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
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Matthews G, Cumings R, De Los Santos EP, Feng IY, Mouloua SA. A new era for stress research: supporting user performance and experience in the digital age. ERGONOMICS 2025; 68:913-946. [PMID: 39520089 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2425953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Stress is both a driver of objective performance impairments and a source of negative user experience of technology. This review addresses future directions for research on stress and ergonomics in the digital age. The review is structured around three levels of analysis. At the individual user level, stress is elicited by novel technologies and tasks including interaction with AI and robots, working in Virtual Reality, and operating autonomous vehicles. At the organisational level, novel, potentially stressful challenges include maintaining cybersecurity, surveillance and monitoring of employees supported by technology, and addressing bias and discrimination in the workplace. At the sociocultural level, technology, values and norms are evolving symbiotically, raising novel demands illustrated with respect to interactions with social media and new ethical challenges. We also briefly review the promise of neuroergonomics and emotional design to support stress mitigation. We conclude with seven high-level principles that may guide future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Matthews
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ryon Cumings
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | | | - Irene Y Feng
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Salim A Mouloua
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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Manuweera T, Karunakaran K, Baechler C, Rosales J, Kleckner AS, Rosenblatt P, Ciner A, Kleckner IR. Barriers and facilitators for participation in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in cancer research: a feasibility and acceptability analysis. Support Care Cancer 2025; 33:497. [PMID: 40411642 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-025-09549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE A growing body of research suggests that the brain is implicated in cognitive impairment, fatigue, neuropathy, pain, nausea, sleep disturbances, distress, and other prevalent and burdensome symptoms of cancer and its treatments. Despite anecdotal evidence of difficulties using gold-standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the brain, no studies have systematically reported reasons that patients with cancer do or do not complete research MRI scans, making it difficult to understand the role of the brain related to these symptoms. The goal of this study was to investigate these reasons and to suggest possible solutions. METHODS We analyzed data from 120 patients with cancer (mostly breast and gastrointestinal) from three studies: MRI was mandatory in Study 1; MRI was optional in Studies 2-3. Patients provided reasons for completing or not completing optional research MRI scans. RESULTS The percentage of scans completed when MRI was mandatory was 76%, and when optional, it was 35%. The most common reasons for not completing optional scans were claustrophobia (28%), scheduling conflicts (22%), safety contraindications (15%), the scanner being too far away (9%), and discomfort (8%). Older participants were slightly more likely to decline at least one optional scan (log(odds) = 0.06/year, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Although brain MRI is feasible for many patients with cancer, it can be difficult or not feasible for patients with claustrophobia, safety issues, busy schedules, or transportation issues. Improving communication, comfort, and access to a scanner may help. Reducing inequities related to study participation can improve research supportive care research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Javier Rosales
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amber S Kleckner
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Aaron Ciner
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ian R Kleckner
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Dong Y, Yang C, Chen Y, Pan F, Wang J, Zhang C. How aging impacts cortical dynamics and gait during dual-task turning revealed by fNIRS. GeroScience 2025:10.1007/s11357-025-01687-6. [PMID: 40410646 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-01687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the differences in cortical activation and gait performance during turning walking under cognitive dual-task conditions between young and older adults during cognitive-turning dual task walking, as well as variations in brain functional connectivity in this context. Seventeen young adults and seventeen older adults were included in the study. All participants completed two tasks: a figure-eight turning walk (single-task, ST) and a figure-eight turning walking while performing a digital alert cognitive task (dual-task, DT). Data collection was conducted using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and a three-dimensional motion capture system to extract and calculate the activation of motor and sensory cortices, functional connectivity, and gait parameters. Compared to ST, the cortical activation in the young adults was significantly increased during DT (p ≤ 0.041) and was higher than that of the older adults (p ≤ 0.003); the older adults showed no significant change in cortical activation, and the stride length decreased (p = 0.013) and was lower than that of the young adults (p = 0.023). Additionally, compared to ST, the functional connectivity between primary somatosensory cortex and other brain regions increased in the older adults during DT (p ≤ 0.035). The older adults are more likely to fall when performing cognitive-turning DT. One of the important reasons for the difference between them and young adults is the distinct brain modulation mechanisms employed by the two groups when facing challenging dual tasks. Enhancing brain functional connectivity may be a more effective strategy for the older adults to promoting dual-task performance. This study provides insights for aging-related steering disorders and more evidence for the influence of aging on neuro-motor control mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Dong
- Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Chongqing No.1 Secondary School, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinwei Wang
- Shandong Administration of Sports, Jinan, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China.
- Sports Biomechanics Lab, Shandong Institute of Sport Science, Jinan, China.
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Heo CM, Yi J, Lee DA, Park KM, Lee YJ, Park S, Kim YW, Ko J, Djojo AY, Park BS. Analysis of functional brain connectivity in patient with end-stage kidney disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis using functional near infrared spectroscopy. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0323319. [PMID: 40408387 PMCID: PMC12101648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological complications are common in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, the mechanisms underlying neurological complications of ESKD are poorly understood. Research on brain connectivity in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) is limited. In this study, we aimed to examine alterations in functional brain connectivity in patients with ESKD undergoing PD compared to the control group using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS We prospectively enrolled 20 patients with ESKD who had been receiving PD for more than 6 months and had no prior history of psychiatric or neurological diseases, along with 20 healthy controls. The fNIRS data were obtained using an NIRSIT Lite instrument. After processing all the data, we used Pearson correlation analysis to create a weighted connectivity matrix. Functional connectivity measures were derived from the connectivity matrix using graph theory. Functional connectivity measures were compared between the controls and patients with ESKD undergoing PD. RESULTS The average degree, average strength, and small-worldness were significantly lower in patients with ESKD undergoing PD than in the controls (9.333 [8.000 ~ 11.433] vs. 12.733 [9.600 ~ 13.400], p = 0.030; 6.865 [4.768 ~ 7.560] vs. 8.432 [6.593 ~ 9.432], p = 0.036; 0.836 [0.724 ~ 0.900] vs. 0.949 [0.882 ~ 0.972], p = 0.025, respectively). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated significant alterations in functional brain connectivity in patients with ESKD undergoing PD, suggesting that functional brain connectivity is significantly reduced in patients with ESKD undergoing PD when compared with that in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jiyae Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Ah Lee
- Neurology Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kang Min Park
- Neurology Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sihyung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Junghae Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Aryan Yohanes Djojo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fatmawati Central General Hospital, South Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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12
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Liu Q, Lin Y, Zhang W. Intersubject correlation as a predictor of attention: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2025; 13:546. [PMID: 40405228 PMCID: PMC12100797 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-025-02879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis examines the challenge of capturing brain activity in real-world and laboratory settings by integrating naturalistic neuroimaging and experimental data with behavioral measures to explore the predictive role of intersubject correlation (ISC) in attention. Using databases such as Web of Science and PubMed, we conducted a comprehensive search from January 2000 to July 2024. Our meta-analysis of 14 studies and 27 effect sizes reveals a significant positive correlation between ISC and attention (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), demonstrating that ISC serves as a reliable neural marker for attentional engagement under various experimental conditions. By incorporating naturalistic stimuli such as video clips and controlled laboratory tasks, we provide insights into the application of ISC to predict attention in ecologically-valid contexts. Moreover, our addition of behavioral data further enhances the understanding of how neural synchronization reflects attentional states. Our results underscore the potential of utilizing ISC to develop personalized assessments and interventions in educational and cognitive settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuhang Lin
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Gao S, Nash R, Burns S, Leong YC. Predicting whole-brain neural dynamics from prefrontal cortex functional near-infrared spectroscopy signal during movie-watching. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2025; 20:nsaf043. [PMID: 40314118 PMCID: PMC12094161 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaf043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a portable, cost-effective alternative to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for noninvasively measuring neural activity. However, fNIRS measurements are limited to cortical regions near the scalp, missing important medial and deeper brain areas. We introduce a predictive model that maps prefrontal fNIRS signals to whole-brain fMRI activity during movie-watching. By aligning neural responses to a common audiovisual stimulus, our approach leverages shared dynamics across imaging modalities to map fNIRS signals to broader neural activity patterns. We scanned participants with fNIRS and utilized a publicly available fMRI dataset of participants watching the same TV episode. The model was trained on the first half of the episode and tested on a held-out participant watching the second half to assess cross-individual and cross-stimulus generalizability. The model significantly predicted fMRI time courses in 66 out of 122 brain regions, including areas otherwise inaccessible to fNIRS. It also replicated intersubject functional connectivity patterns and retained semantic information about the movie content. The model generalized to an independent dataset from a different TV series, suggesting it captures robust cross-modal mappings across stimuli. Our publicly available models enable researchers to infer broader neural dynamics from localized fNIRS data during naturalistic tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Ryleigh Nash
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Shannon Burns
- Department of Psychological Science, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, United States
| | - Yuan Chang Leong
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Institute of Mind and Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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14
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Xue LC, Ji HJ, Fan SS, Niu Q, Zhang JY, Fang AL, Wang PZ, Tian SY, Zheng H. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2025; 12:1558376. [PMID: 40443512 PMCID: PMC12119631 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1558376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in reducing the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Methods and analysis This single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial will enroll 160 participants aged 65 years and older, scheduled for elective hip surgery under spinal anesthesia. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the active-tDCS group or the sham-tDCS group. The active-tDCS group will receive two sessions: one pre-surgery and one post-surgery, with electrodes positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the right supraorbital area. Each session includes 15-second ramp-up phase at the start, 20 min simulation with 2 mA current and 15-second ramp-down phase at the end. The sham-tDCS group will receive two sham procedures with no actual current delivered. Functional brain activity will be monitored before and after each session or sham procedure to assess changes in cortical activation and connectivity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The primary outcome measure will be the incidence of POD, assessed using the 3-Min Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM). Secondary outcomes include the severity of delirium, postoperative pain, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, and sleep quality. Trial registration The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06678529) on Oct 22, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chao Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hai-Jie Ji
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanxi Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha-Sha Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qing Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ai-Li Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ping-Zhi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shou-Yuan Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Kohli S, Fitzgibbon-Collins LK, Luan S, Durand N, Brunton L, Fleet J, Christie A, Viana R, Teasell R, Peters S. Exploring the relationship between prefrontal cortex activation, standing balance, and fatigue in people post-stroke: A fNIRS study. NeuroRehabilitation 2025:10538135251341124. [PMID: 40371461 DOI: 10.1177/10538135251341124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
BackgroundBalance impairments and fatigue are common after stroke and impact physical therapy assessments and treatments. Reasons are multifactorial and include motor dysfunction and changes to cortical activation poststroke. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in motor control; yet, limited research has explored cortical activation during common physical therapy balance tasks or the link with fatigue.ObjectivesDuring standing balance tasks, the objective was to determine whether PFC activation levels: (1) change between tasks, (2) are asymmetric, and (3) are associated with fatigue.MethodsPatients with hemiparesis were recruited from an inpatient stroke unit and functional near-infrared spectroscopy was applied bilaterally over the PFC to measure cortical activation during balance tasks. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).ResultsNine participants were included. PFC activation during semi-tandem stance showed greater amplitude than during double-leg stance, indicating more cortical activation. Bilateral PFC activation was observed during both tasks. Participants with greater fatigue (higher FSS score) showed more activation in the ipsilesional PFC than the contralesional PFC.ConclusionPFC activation may occur when performing more challenging balance postures, potentially indicating compensatory activation, and may be linked with greater fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Kohli
- Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura K Fitzgibbon-Collins
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Siying Luan
- Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Durand
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Laura Brunton
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Jamie Fleet
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Parkwood Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Gray Center for Mobility and Activity, Parkwood Institute, London, Canada
| | - Anita Christie
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Ricardo Viana
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Parkwood Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Gray Center for Mobility and Activity, Parkwood Institute, London, Canada
| | - Robert Teasell
- Gray Center for Mobility and Activity, Parkwood Institute, London, Canada
| | - Sue Peters
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
- Gray Center for Mobility and Activity, Parkwood Institute, London, Canada
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16
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Zhao J, Gong Y, Lin Z, Yang J, Zou J, He X, He Y. Stage-specific functional networks associated with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: a pilot fNIRS study. Front Aging Neurosci 2025; 17:1562203. [PMID: 40433510 PMCID: PMC12106520 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1562203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate cortical activation and functional connectivity during Stroop task performance in Parkinson's disease (PD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods Forty-five individuals with PD and fourteen healthy controls completed neuropsychological assessments and underwent fNIRS scanning while performing the Stroop task. PD participants were categorized into normal cognition (PD-NC, n = 6), mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI, n = 22), and dementia (PDD, n = 17) groups. Z scores were calculated across cognitive domains, including attention, working memory, executive function, language, memory, and visuospatial function. Results During the Stroop task, significant hypoactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), primary motor cortex (M1), and premotor cortex (PMC) were observed in the PD-MCI group, while PDD patients showed increased activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Increased activation in DLPFC was significantly correlated with poorer executive function outcomes. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that both PD-NC and PD-MCI groups had significantly enhanced interhemispheric connectivity compared to healthy controls, with pronounced interhemispheric connectivity in PD-MCI. In contrast, the PDD group exhibited reduced connectivity among the premotor cortex (PMC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), compared to the PD-MCI group. Conclusion While PD-MCI patients showed reduced cortical activation relative to PDD, they exhibited extensive connectivity across cortical regions, suggesting an expanded cortical network as compensation. In PDD, the mPFC, left OFC, and left DLPFC displayed the highest cortical activation and alongside reduced functional connectivity, which may reflect widespread atrophy across multiple brain regions. These findings highlight fNIRS as a potential tool for characterizing cognitive impairment stages in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhao
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulai Gong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenfang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahuan Zou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongsheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Moreland M, Curry C, Wang A, Vansickel M, Wu Z, Sieberg CB. Somatosensory and prefrontal cortex activity relates to emotional outcomes and hair cortisol concentration in chronic postsurgical pain. Sci Rep 2025; 15:16304. [PMID: 40348822 PMCID: PMC12065869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-00685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) poses significant socioeconomic and humanitarian challenges. This study investigated relationships between resting-state neural activation in the somatosensory cortex (SMC) and emotional functioning outcomes (depression, anxiety, perceived stress), and between prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and chronic stress, measured by hair cortisol concentration (HCC); and whether pain intensity moderates these relationships in females with CPSP. Twenty-nine females with CPSP reported baseline pain, completed emotional functioning questionnaires, underwent functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and provided hair samples for HCC analysis. Pearson's correlation examined associations between emotional functioning and SMC activation, and between HCC and PFC activation. Benjamini-Hochberg correction adjusted for multiple comparisons. Significant correlations were further tested using moderation analyses to assess whether pain intensity influenced these associations. Left SMC activation was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.505, pFDR = 0.036) and anxiety(r = 0.705, pFDR = 0.039). Right lateral PFC activation showed a negative correlation with HCC (r = -0.475, pFDR = 0.048). Pain intensity did not significantly moderate these relationships. Findings suggest associations between brain activity and emotional functioning in females with CPSP, highlighting potential neural targets for future interventions. This study supports the utility of multimodal approaches to further phenotype CPSP and inform precision medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Moreland
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Caitlin Curry
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anthony Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Madison Vansickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine B Sieberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Duan C, Chong Y, Gong J, Wu Q, Sun J, Zheng C, Li Z, Xia L, Cheng Z, Zhang P, Xia W. An fNIRS-based investigation of cerebral hemodynamic responses during verbal fluency task and n-back task in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Front Neurol 2025; 16:1571964. [PMID: 40406705 PMCID: PMC12094942 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1571964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial for preventing Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to explore alterations in brain co-functional connectivity between cognitively healthy individuals and those with cognitive impairment during a verbal fluency task (VFT) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The investigation examines changes in brain activation patterns in both MCI patients and healthy controls during the VFT and 1-back task, and identifies correlations between cognitive function and brain activation areas using fNIRS technology. Methods This study evaluated markers for screening MCI by performing the VFT and 1-back task using a 67-channel fNIRS to measure changes in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) levels in the bilateral prefrontal and temporal lobes of 108 healthy controls (HC) and 103 participants with MCI. The severity of patients' symptoms was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated with the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Compared with the HC group, the MCI group showed a significant reduction in MoCA scores, with no significant differences in education level, PSQI, and SCL-90 scores. There was no significant difference in brain activation levels between the MCI and HC groups during the VFT. However, during the 1-back task, the MCI group exhibited significantly reduced activation levels in channels 33, 54, 49, and 47, as well as in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and frontal eye fields (FEF). Moreover, the mean HbO levels in these channels, DLPFC, and FEF during the 1-back task were found to be significantly correlated with MoCA scores. Discussion When performing the VFT and 1-back task, our study found that patients with MCI exhibited reduced brain activity levels in the DLPFC and FEF only during the 1-back task. This diminished task-induced brain activity was significantly positively correlated with MoCA scores and was less influenced by mental health and sleep quality. The 1-back task may be a more optimal paradigm for the early detection of MCI compared to the VFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Duan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine (Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Wuhan, China
| | - Yufei Chong
- Rehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Provincial Government (Hubei Rehabilitation Hospital), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Gong
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialing Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chanjuan Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine (Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Stroke Rehabilitation of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengliang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine (Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Stroke Rehabilitation of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lirong Xia
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenguang Xia
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Rehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Provincial Government (Hubei Rehabilitation Hospital), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Neuromodulation Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Stroke Rehabilitation of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
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19
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Ding L, Zhang Y, Xie Y, He Y, Wang Y, Lu J, Pang R, Wang W, Chen Z. Cortical activation and functional connectivity during different attention tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in middle-aged and elderly people. Eur J Med Res 2025; 30:364. [PMID: 40325473 PMCID: PMC12054223 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-025-02597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention plays a vital part in the cognitive process, where different kinds of attention are associated with separate brain mechanisms. The objective of this research was to investigate the patterns of brain activation and functional connectivity in middle-aged and elderly individuals, while they were engaged in various attentional tasks, with the intention of establishing a reference foundation for the clinical treatment of attention disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 44 healthy middle-aged and elderly persons (47.1% women) aged over 40 were enrolled in this study. The digital cancellation test (DCT), the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT), the Stroop colour-word test, and the trail making test (TMT) are, respectively, associated with four types of attention tasks: sustained attention, divided attention, selective attention, and attention shifting. Functional near-infrared spectroscopic imaging was employed to measure the concentration of brain oxyhaemoglobin in the subjects, while they were performing these four attention tasks. RESULTS In this study, we found distinct activation patterns in brain areas, such as BA-3, BA-4, BA-6, and others. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that the frontal and right parietal lobes consistently showed higher density and strength of connections across tasks, with the PASAT task exhibiting the highest number of connections exceeding the threshold. Notably, the DCT task demonstrated significant correlations in oxygen fluctuations among several brain regions, while the TMT-B task highlighted strong functional connectivity within the bilateral frontal and parietal lobes. CONCLUSIONS This research provides evidence that middle-aged and elderly people have different brain activation and functional connectivity patterns in different attentional tasks, suggesting individualized treatment for attention disorder patients based on impairment type and location. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study has been registered through the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400087755).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University), College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Jinchen Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Youshu Xie
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- Chengdu Eighth People's Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China
| | - Rizhao Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University), College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenchun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University), College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhesi Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University), College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
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Feng X, Xu X, Meng Z, Jiang J, Pei M, Zheng Y, Lu C. A Rapid Cortical Learning Process Supporting Students' Knowledge Construction During Real Classroom Teaching. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2416610. [PMID: 39921272 PMCID: PMC12079370 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202416610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
Classroom teaching is essential for cognitive development and cultural evolution, yet its neurocognitive mechanisms remain unclear. Here, this is explored in a university graduate course by combining wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and machine learning models. The results show that blended teaching involving both students' recalling and teachers' lecturing leads to better learning outcomes than lecturing alone. Moreover, during the same lecturing phase, blended teaching induces knowledge construction in the middle frontal cortex (MFC), while lecturing alone induces knowledge representation in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ), with the former significantly correlating with the final learning outcomes. Additionally, the MFC's construction begins during earlier recalling but is significantly facilitated by later lecturing. Finally, when teacher's TPJ activity precedes that of students' MFC, significant teacher-student neural synchronization is observed during lecturing of blended teaching and is correlated with learning outcomes. These findings suggest that, in the real classroom teaching, the MFC serves as a hub of a rapid cortical learning process, supporting knowledge construction through a projection from the teacher's TPJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Xinran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Zhaonan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Miao Pei
- Center for Teacher Education ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Yonghe Zheng
- Research Institute of Science EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Chunming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
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21
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Essex C, Bedford R, Gliga T, Smith TJ. Toddlers Viewing Fantastical Cartoons: Evidence of an Immediate Reduction in Endogenous Control Without an Increase in Stimulus-Driven Exogenous Control. Dev Sci 2025; 28:e70008. [PMID: 40091368 PMCID: PMC11911715 DOI: 10.1111/desc.70008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Empirical studies have shown immediate detrimental effects of TV viewing on children's executive functions (EFs). Existing theories of TV viewing have proposed that such depletion could occur due to fantastical cartoons triggering an attention bias towards salient features of the stimuli (e.g., stimulus-driven exogenous attention). However, a co-occurrence of salient visual features known to drive attention exogenously in fantastical cartoons means it is unclear which aspect of the content is problematic. In the present study, we matched clips on visual saliency to isolate and test the short-term impact of fantastical content. Specifically, we tested (1) performance on an inhibitory control (IC) task (a gaze-contingent anti-saccade task) as a measure of EF depletion, whilst 36 toddlers (18 months) viewed cartoons with and without fantastical events (7-min viewing duration), and (2) whether differences in IC are associated with increased stimulus-driven exogenous attention. Results confirmed an immediate detrimental effect of fantastical cartoons on toddlers' endogenous control (indexed by anti-saccade behaviours), with toddlers less able to inhibit looks to a distractor to make anticipatory looks to a target. However, fixation durations (FDs) during cartoon viewing and speed of orienting to a distractor on the anti-saccade task did not differ between the two viewing conditions, suggesting no effects on exogenously driven attention. These results point to a detrimental impact of fantastical cartoons on endogenous control mechanisms, which may have arisen from cognitive processing difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Essex
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK
| | - Rachael Bedford
- Department of Psychology, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Tim J. Smith
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK
- Creative Computing InstituteUniversity of the Arts LondonLondonUK
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22
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Duan F, Yan X, Wang J, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Shu Q, Liu F, Xu F, Han Q. Short-term memory retrieval enhances brain functional connectivity. Front Behav Neurosci 2025; 19:1578415. [PMID: 40371399 PMCID: PMC12075360 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1578415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Short-term memory poses a significant challenge, involving complex processes of image perception, memory formation, and execution. However, the mechanisms underlying the formation, storage, and execution of short-term memory remain poorly understood. Methods In this study, 41 healthy college students participated in a memory challenge test designed to investigate these processes. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure dynamic changes in hemoglobin concentrations in specific cortical regions, while facial expressions and vital signs were recorded in real-time during the tests. Results The results revealed heightened activity in the inferior prefrontal gyrus, visual association cortex, pre-motor cortex, and supplementary motor cortex. Functional connectivity between these regions was significantly enhanced during the tasks, and inter-group differences decreased over time. Participants with superior short-term memory exhibited lower levels of negative emotional expressions and higher heart rates compared to those with weaker memory performance. These findings suggest that cortical interconnectivity and adequate cerebral blood oxygenation play critical roles in enhancing short-term memory capacity. This has important implications for education, as it highlights strategies for cultivating attention, training memory skills, and improving memory integration abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglei Duan
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyu Yan
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - QiCheng Shu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Art, Art College, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Han
- Department of Experimental Centre, School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
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23
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de Almeida VA, da Cruz MCL, Morais NR, Rodrigues IVT, da Silva CRF, Morya E, Pereira SA. Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Cerebral Hemodynamic Monitoring in Infants: A Guide for Pediatric Outpatient Follow-Up. Brain Sci 2025; 15:469. [PMID: 40426640 PMCID: PMC12110572 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2025] [Revised: 04/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous eye tracking and cerebral hemodynamic monitoring contribute to the understanding of neural responses to stimuli in infants. However, exploring the impact of complex socioeconomic and environmental adversities on neurodevelopment requires transitioning this tool from research laboratories into clinical practice to evaluate its feasibility in outpatient contexts. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aimed to present a protocol for simultaneously integrating functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with eye tracking (ET) in infants at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in a clinical setting with limited resources, during a cognitive task. METHODS The protocol was applied to infants in their first 12 months of life. The infants were exposed to tasks involving the processing of social and non-social stimuli, while their brain signals were monitored using fNIRS and their eyes were tracked with ET. The protocol included three main stages: (1) pre-collection, involving the preparation and habituation of the infants and equipment setup (fNIRS and ET); (2) cognitive function monitoring, using social and non-social stimuli to assess preferential processing via fNIRS and ET; and (3) post-collection, with guidelines for data pre-processing and analysis. RESULTS The application of the protocol allowed for the identification of technical challenges and the adaptation of procedures for clinical use. The main methodological challenges were difficulty using the conventional cap, excessive movement, synchronization issues between fNIRS and ET, and difficulties calibrating both devices across different age groups. CONCLUSIONS The standardization proposed in this protocol enables healthcare professionals to explore different neurocognitive aspects in pediatric clinical settings and expands the scope of neurodevelopmental assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Azevedo de Almeida
- Alberto Santos Dumont Institute of Education and Research (ISD), RN, Macaíba CEP 59288-899, Brazil; (V.A.d.A.); (M.C.L.d.C.); (E.M.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
| | - Maria Clara Lima da Cruz
- Alberto Santos Dumont Institute of Education and Research (ISD), RN, Macaíba CEP 59288-899, Brazil; (V.A.d.A.); (M.C.L.d.C.); (E.M.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
| | - Nicole Rodrigues Morais
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
| | - Italo Vinicius Tavares Rodrigues
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
| | - Cintia Ricaele Ferreira da Silva
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
| | - Edgard Morya
- Alberto Santos Dumont Institute of Education and Research (ISD), RN, Macaíba CEP 59288-899, Brazil; (V.A.d.A.); (M.C.L.d.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvana Alves Pereira
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Natal CEP 59078-970, Brazil; (N.R.M.); (I.V.T.R.); (C.R.F.d.S.)
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24
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Jiang S, Qiu Z, Cai X, You T, Fu X, Chen G, Li H, Ou H. Functional connectivity and characteristics of cortical brain networks of elderly individuals under different motor cognitive tasks based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Front Hum Neurosci 2025; 19:1563338. [PMID: 40342543 PMCID: PMC12058795 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1563338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate age-related changes in brain functional connectivity during various motor and cognitive tasks, providing evidence for evaluating and intervening in brain aging. Methods 15 elderly participants (ELD) and 30 young controls (YOU) were assessed. fNIRS haemodynamic responses were recorded during the Purdue nail board motor task, continuous minus 7 cognitive task, and motor-cognitive dual task. Differences in brain activation, functional connectivity, integral values, and barycentre values between the groups were compared using oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO) concentrations over time. Results The ELD group performed significantly worse than the YOU group (p < 0.05). ELD participants showed significantly lower activation in the LSMA during motor tasks (p < 0.05), the RDLPFC and LDLPFC during cognitive tasks (p < 0.05), and both RSMA and LSMA during dual tasks (p < 0.05). Functional connectivity between LDLPFC, RSMA, LSMA, and RDLPFC-LDLPFC, LSMA-RSMA in the ELD group was significantly lower than in the YOU group (p < 0.05). The ELD group also had lower connectivity in RSMA, RDLPFC-LDLPFC, and LSMA-RSMA during cognitive tasks (p < 0.05). The centre of gravity for the ELD group was significantly lower during dual tasks compared to the YOU group (p < 0.05). In cognitive tasks, the ELD group showed significantly lower RSMA centre of gravity and integral values compared to dual tasks (p = 0.05). Conclusion Elderly individuals exhibit lower cortical brain connectivity than young people across various tasks. fNIRS-based cerebral haemodynamics provide a useful quantitative measure for evaluating age-related brain changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jiang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Qiu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Tingting You
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Xinyu Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanzhou Chen
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoda Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haining Ou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Gemmerich R, Müller O, Schaller A. The application of fNIRS in studies on occupational workload: a systematic review. Front Public Health 2025; 13:1560605. [PMID: 40331113 PMCID: PMC12053328 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1560605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational workload can contribute to significant health problems such as chronic stress, fatigue and burnout. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, it is necessary to monitor brain activity in real work environments. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a portable, non-invasive neuroimaging method that captures neural correlates of occupational workload under natural conditions. However, despite its increasing application, a comprehensive overview of fNIRS-based research in this field is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review examines how fNIRS can be utilized to investigate occupational workload. Methods Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted our systematic review by searching Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus between November 15, 2023 and March 20, 2025. We included all studies published in English or German at any date, as long as they examined healthy adult professionals performing occupational tasks with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Extracted data included study characteristics, workload details, signal processing methods, main fNIRS findings, and study quality, assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Results We included 41 studies. Of these, 23 reported a significant increase in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration and functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) under higher occupational workload conditions. Only five studies examined typical office tasks. Nine studies analyzed differences in cortical activation between experts and novices, with experts showing increased HbO concentration in the PFC than novices. Regarding methodology, 26 studies used standardized optode placements, while only 17 applied systemic and extracerebral artifact correction. Small sample sizes and the absence of randomized controlled trials limited the reliability and reproducibility of the findings. Conclusion Functional near-infrared spectroscopy effectively detects neural correlates of occupational workload and provides objective insights into cognitive demands in real-world work settings. Standardizing optode placement, harmonizing signal-processing methods, and increasing sample sizes would enhance the validity and comparability of future research. Expanding investigations to typical office environments is also crucial for understanding daily workload and for developing interventions that promote employee well-being and productivity. Overall, fNIRS represents a promising tool for establishing evidence-based workplace health promotion strategies across diverse occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Gemmerich
- Department of Workplace Health Promotion and Prevention, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Schaller
- Department of Workplace Health Promotion and Prevention, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg, Germany
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26
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Potwarka LR, Safati AB, Pappas AT, Ramchandani G, Naraine ML, Gurbez N, Zou L, Hall PA. Understanding the sport viewership experience using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2025; 15:13374. [PMID: 40251205 PMCID: PMC12008266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-96895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Subjective evaluation of a sport event in real time is normally assessed using self-report measures, but neural indices of evaluative processing may provide new insights. The extent of evaluative processing of a sporting event at the neural level may depend on the degree of emotional investment by the viewer, as well as the key moment of the game play being observed. Those with high ego involvement might show more activation within evaluative processing nodes, and this pattern may be most pronounced during critical moments of game play. In the current study, we examined neural activations within the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex during game play as a function of ego involvement, using video clips featuring key moments in a European league ice hockey game. A total of 343 participants were pre-screened to identify high (n = 11) and low (n = 9) ego-involved individuals. These subgroups then viewed a game segment containing 12 key play moments, while undergoing neuroimaging using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Findings indicated more engagement of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) throughout all key moments for high ego-involved participants, but particularly during critical game moments. Overall, findings suggest that neural indices of evaluative processing might contribute meaningfully to understanding when emotionally invested individuals are most engaged in an action sequence during a sporting event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Potwarka
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
| | - Adrian B Safati
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
| | - Adam T Pappas
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Girish Ramchandani
- Department of Sport Management, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michael L Naraine
- Department of Sport Management, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Nur Gurbez
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Liye Zou
- Department of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peter A Hall
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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Nittel C, Hohmann DM, Jansen A, Sommer J, Krauß R, Völk M, Kamp-Becker I, Weber S, Becker K, Stroth S. Test-retest reliability of functional near infrared spectroscopy during tasks of inhibitory control and working memory. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2025:111993. [PMID: 40280855 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.111993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has become a well-established tool for neuroscience research and been suggested as a potential biomarker during clinical assessment in individuals with mental disorders. Biomarker need to be objective indications of biological processes which can be measured accurately and reproducibly. Despite various applications in clinical research, test-retest reliability of the fNIRS signal has not yet been evaluated sufficiently. To assess reliability of the fNIRS signal during tasks of executive functions, a group of 34 healthy subjects (13 male, 21 female) were tested twice for inhibitory control and working memory. On a group level results show a specific activation pattern throughout the two sessions, reflecting a task-related frontal network associated with the assessed cognitive functions. On the individual level the retest reliability of the activation patterns were considerably lower and differed strongly between participants. In conclusion, the interpretation of fNIRS signal on a single subject level is partially hampered by its low reliability. More studies are needed to optimize the retest reliability of fNIRS and to be applied on a routine basis in developmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Nittel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela Michelle Hohmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany; Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany; Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Krauß
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Max Völk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Inge Kamp-Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Weber
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sanna Stroth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Yin Q, Wen J, Chen S, Hou T, Liu Y, Yang D, Liu G, Shi P, Dong W. Uncovering the neural basis of risk preferences in cooperative Dyads: A fNIRS study. Neuroimage 2025; 310:121167. [PMID: 40132667 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals' risk preferences have been shown to influence their decision-making in various contexts. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between risk preference and decision-making in a social setting remain unclear. This study utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate the neural correlates of dyadic decision-making under risk and the modulating effect of individual risk preference. METHOD This study examined the impact of risk preference on group decision-making using a two-phase experimental design. Based on G-power software calculations, 168 right-handed participants (62 males, 106 females, mean age 21.26±1.70) were recruited. Participants first completed a single-player Sequential Risk Task to measure risk preference, followed by group classification into three groups: Risky&Risky, Risky&Safe, and Safe&Safe. Task performance and decision-making behavior were recorded. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure cortical activation in the prefrontal cortex, focusing on inter-brain synchrony and coupling directionality using wavelet coherence and Granger causality(GC) analyses. Data were preprocessed to remove noise, and statistical analyses included repeated measures ANOVAs, Support Vector Regression and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS The study investigated dyadic risky decision-making among different paired groups, and the "Risky&Risky" group showed the highest risk-seeking behavior, with a significant main effect (F(2,81) = 7.438, P = 0.001). Inter-brain synchrony showed significance during outcome periods characterized by positive feedback, notably being higher within the "Risky&Risky" group. Granger causality analysis unveiled unique brain connectivity patterns, indicating that the GC values of "Risky&Safe" pairs increased during the diversion condition and decreased during the cooperation condition in comparison to other pairs, albeit without reaching statistical significance. Regression analysis indicated that OFC-mdlPFC GC values and personality traits were significant predictors of risk-taking, with the moderation of these effects by group membership (R²adjusted = 0.173 and 0.191). CONCLUSION This study employed fNIRS hyperscanning to investigate how individual differences in risk preference impact decision-making in dyadic contexts. The results indicated that variations in connectivity and information transfer between the orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices underlie the distinct risk-taking behaviors exhibited by dyadic pairs. These findings underscore the pivotal role of affective and cognitive control mechanisms and individual risk personality traits in cooperative decision-making under conditions of uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlan Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Department of Medical Psychology, The 905th Hospital of the PLA Navy, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Tianya Hou
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Danni Yang
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Guorui Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology, The 905th Hospital of the PLA Navy, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Peiqi Shi
- Department of Medical Psychology, The 905th Hospital of the PLA Navy, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Naval Aviation & Operational Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Grove P, Masters RSW, Raab M, Musculus L, Laborde S. A holistic focus on the psychophysiology of reinvestment: A systematic review on reinvestment-related neural, cardiac vagal and oculomotor activity. Neuropsychologia 2025; 215:109139. [PMID: 40222713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reinvestment is a psychological phenomenon during which people consciously engage in controlling their movements (i.e., movement-specific reinvestment) or decision making (i.e., decision-specific reinvestment). This can result in performance deterioration and can have detrimental consequences for individuals in various sports. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to identify psychophysiological correlates of reinvestment to tackle the need for more objective measurements of reinvestment and to develop interventions to counteract performance-related decrements in the future. Considering brain, parasympathetic and oculomotor activity, jointly adds a holistic perspective on mechanisms underlying reinvestment. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search using the PRISMA guidelines in three electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and SportDiscus) on 20th of November 2024. The included studies assessed reinvestment together with psychophysiological parameters. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by the authors using "The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies" (Moola et al., 2020). RESULTS A total of N = 21 studies containing a total of 791 participants were included. Of these, twelve studies considered brain activity, five considered parasympathetic cardiac activity, and two considered heart rate. Finally, two studies considered gaze behavior. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate potential relationships between reinvestment and the considered psychophysiological parameters, but methods and findings appear heterogeneous in terms of task variability, population groups, and study design. To be able to draw more accurate conclusions, more systematic research programs are required to move towards a better holistic understanding of the psychophysiological correlates of reinvestment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Grove
- Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Rich S W Masters
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, University of Waikato, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Markus Raab
- Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Musculus
- Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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30
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Rácz M, Becske M, Magyaródi T, Kitta G, Szuromi M, Márton G. Physiological assessment of the psychological flow state using wearable devices. Sci Rep 2025; 15:11839. [PMID: 40195454 PMCID: PMC11977251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-95647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Flow is the state of optimal experience which can lead to outstanding performance. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting and monitoring flow using wearable devices. Twenty-eight Hungarian adults participated in the experiment. They played a game at different levels to induce flow and anti-flow states, which was tested with questionnaires. We measured electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals as well as head and hand motion. We isolated EEG delta, theta, alpha and beta band power, HR, SpO2 and GSR average and standard deviation, as well as acceleration and angular velocity standard deviation. In flow condition, alpha and theta power were the dominant components, in accordance with the transient hypofrontality hypothesis. We also replicated the U-shaped characteristic of the heart rate variability; in addition, we propose an inverse U-shaped and a U-shaped characteristic for SpO2 and SpO2 variability, respectively. On the basis of motion tracking, subjects were the least physically active in flow, signifying a focused state, and the most active in boredom. Our results support the applicability of lightweight, wearable devices for monitoring mental state that can be utilized to improve well-being at work or in everyday situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Rácz
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
- Selye János Doctoral College for Advanced Studies, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 22, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
| | - Melinda Becske
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Selye János Doctoral College for Advanced Studies, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 22, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa u. 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Tímea Magyaródi
- Mathias Corvinus Collegium, Tas vezér u. 3-7, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Gergely Kitta
- Mathias Corvinus Collegium, Tas vezér u. 3-7, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Márton Szuromi
- Mathias Corvinus Collegium, Tas vezér u. 3-7, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Gergely Márton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
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31
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Stute K, Gossé LK, Montero-Hernandez S, Perkins GA, Yücel MA, Cutini S, Durduran T, Ehlis AC, Ferrari M, Gervain J, Mesquita RC, Orihuela-Espina F, Quaresima V, Scholkmann F, Tachtsidis I, Torricelli A, Wabnitz H, Yodh AG, Carp SA, Dehghani H, Fang Q, Fantini S, Hoshi Y, Niu H, Obrig H, Klein F, Artemenko C, Bajracharya A, Barth B, Bartkowski C, Borot L, Bulgarelli C, Busch DR, Chojak M, DeFreitas JM, Diprossimo L, Dresler T, Eken A, Elsherif MM, Emberson LL, Exner A, Ferdous TR, Fiske A, Forbes SH, Gemignani J, Gerloff C, Guérin SMR, Guevara E, Hamilton AFDC, Hadi Hosseini SM, Jain D, Kerr-German AN, Kong H, Kroczek A, Longhurst JK, Lührs M, MacLennan RJ, Mehler DMA, Meidenbauer KL, Moreau D, Mutlu MC, Orti R, Paranawithana I, Pinti P, Jounghani AR, Reindl V, Ross NA, Sanchez-Alonso S, Seidel-Marzi O, Shukla M, Usama SA, Talati M, Vergotte G, Atif Yaqub M, Yu CC, Zainodini H. The fNIRS glossary project: a consensus-based resource for functional near-infrared spectroscopy terminology. NEUROPHOTONICS 2025; 12:027801. [PMID: 40256456 PMCID: PMC12007957 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.12.2.027801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/22/2025]
Abstract
Significance A shared understanding of terminology is essential for clear scientific communication and minimizing misconceptions. This is particularly challenging in rapidly expanding, interdisciplinary domains that utilize functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), where researchers come from diverse backgrounds and apply their expertise in fields such as engineering, neuroscience, and psychology. Aim The fNIRS Glossary Project was established to develop a community-sourced glossary covering key fNIRS terms, including those related to the continuous-wave (CW), frequency-domain (FD), and time-domain (TD) NIRS techniques. Approach The glossary was collaboratively developed by a diverse group of 76 fNIRS researchers, representing a wide range of career stages (from PhD students to experts) and disciplines. This collaborative process, structured across five phases, ensured the glossary's depth and comprehensiveness. Results The glossary features over 300 terms categorized into six key domains: analysis, experimental design, hardware, neuroscience, mathematics, and physics. It also includes abbreviations, symbols, synonyms, references, alternative definitions, and figures where relevant. Conclusions The fNIRS glossary provides a community-sourced resource that facilitates education and effective scientific communication within the fNIRS community and related fields. By lowering barriers to learning and engaging with fNIRS, the glossary is poised to benefit a broad spectrum of researchers, including those with limited access to educational resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Stute
- Chemnitz University of Technology, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Louisa K. Gossé
- Birkbeck, University of London, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Montero-Hernandez
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Guy A. Perkins
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, Padua, Italy
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Simone Cutini
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, Padua, Italy
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marco Ferrari
- University of L’Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Judit Gervain
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, Padua, Italy
- CNRS & Université Paris Cité, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Paris, France
| | - Rickson C. Mesquita
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University of Campinas, Institute of Physics, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Valentina Quaresima
- University of L’Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, Neurophotonics and Biosignal Processing Research Group, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
| | - Heidrun Wabnitz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Technology Center, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yoko Hoshi
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Division of Research and Development in Photonics Technology, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Haijing Niu
- Beijing Normal University, State Key Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, FNIRS Brain Imaging Group, Beijing, China
| | - Hellmuth Obrig
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- University Hospital Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Klein
- OFFIS—Institute for Information Technology, Health Department, Biomedical Devices and Systems Group, Oldenburg, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Artemenko
- University of Tuebingen, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Aahana Bajracharya
- Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University in St. Louis, McKelvey School of Engineering, Imaging Science Program, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Beatrix Barth
- University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tuebingen, LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Bartkowski
- NIRx Medizintechnik GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- TU Berlin, Medical Engineering, Faculty V—Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lénac Borot
- Liverpool John Moores University, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Bulgarelli
- Birkbeck, University of London, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Busch
- University of Texas Southwestern, Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Neurology, Biomedical Engineering, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Malgorzata Chojak
- University of Marie Curie-Sklodowska, Neuroeducation Research Lab, Faculty of Pedagogy, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jason M. DeFreitas
- Syracuse University, Neural Health Research Laboratory, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Laura Diprossimo
- Lancaster University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Dresler
- University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tuebingen, LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Aykut Eken
- TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Lauren L. Emberson
- University of British Columbia, Psychology Department, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna Exner
- Ruhr University Bochum, Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Talukdar Raian Ferdous
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Abigail Fiske
- University of Oxford, Medical Sciences Division, Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel H. Forbes
- Durham University, Department of Psychology, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Gemignani
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), Padua, Italy
| | - Christian Gerloff
- JARA Brain Institute II, Jülich Research Centre, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (INM-11), Jülich, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Aachen, Germany
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Data-Driven Discovery, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ségolène M. R. Guérin
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edgar Guevara
- CONAHCYT-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, CIACYT, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, United States
| | | | - S. M. Hadi Hosseini
- Stanford University, Computational Brain Research and Intervention (C-BRAIN) Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Divya Jain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, New York, United States
| | | | - Haiyan Kong
- Nanjing Normal University, School of Psychology, Nanjing, China
| | - Agnes Kroczek
- University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jason K. Longhurst
- Saint Louis University, Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Michael Lührs
- Maastricht University, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Brain Innovation B.V., Research Department, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J. MacLennan
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - David M. A. Mehler
- RWTH Aachen University, Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Aachen, Germany
- University Hospital Münster, Institute for Translational Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Münster, Germany
- Cardiff University, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University of Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Moreau
- University of Auckland, School of Psychology, Auckland, New Zealand
- University of Auckland, Centre for Brain Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Murat C. Mutlu
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Biology, Department of Cognitive Biology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renato Orti
- University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Department of Psychology, Caserta, Italy
| | - Ishara Paranawithana
- Monash University, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paola Pinti
- Birkbeck, University of London, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Rahimpour Jounghani
- Stanford University, Computational Brain Research and Intervention (C-BRAIN) Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Vanessa Reindl
- RWTH Aachen University, Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Aachen, Germany
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Singapore
| | - Nicholas A. Ross
- University of Notre Dame, O’Sullivan Biophotonics Lab, Electrical Engineering, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States
| | - Sara Sanchez-Alonso
- Yale University, School of Medicine, Child Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Oliver Seidel-Marzi
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department for the Psychology of Human Movement and Sport, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohinish Shukla
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, Padua, Italy
- University of Amsterdam, Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Syed A. Usama
- Hörzentrum Oldenburg gGmbH, Oldenburg, Germany
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Musa Talati
- University College London, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grégoire Vergotte
- Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines d’Alès, EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Atif Yaqub
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chia-Chuan Yu
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Austin, Texas, United States
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Hanieh Zainodini
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, Tehran, Iran
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Bejm K, Wojtkiewicz S, Pastuszak Z, Liebert A. Oxygen-dependent functional brain haemodynamic response. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2025; 16:1457-1470. [PMID: 40322006 PMCID: PMC12047717 DOI: 10.1364/boe.545722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025]
Abstract
The influence of hypoxia - a condition where tissues are under oxygen deficiency - on the human brain under functional load has not been fully understood yet. This study aims to analyse the effects of hypoxia on the brain's haemodynamic response under visual stimulation, using the in-house developed functional near-infrared spectroscopy system and to quantify the hemodynamic response. Our results (median, 25th and 75th percentile) demonstrate the amplitude of the oxygenated haemoglobin functional response during hypoxia 0.30 µM (0.27, 0.41) was lower compared with the normoxia 0.63 µM (0.54, 0.93) and hyperoxia 0.73 µM (0.43, 1.09). No statistical significance is observed for the deoxygenated haemoglobin changes. The hypoxia has a statistically significant effect on the amplitude of the haemodynamic response (p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bejm
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Wojtkiewicz
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zanna Pastuszak
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Liebert
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Carollo A, Stella M, Lim M, Bizzego A, Esposito G. Emotional content and semantic structure of dialogues are associated with Interpersonal Neural Synchrony in the Prefrontal Cortex. Neuroimage 2025; 309:121087. [PMID: 39993613 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
A fundamental characteristic of social exchanges is the synchronization of individuals' behaviors, physiological responses, and neural activity. However, the association between how individuals communicate in terms of emotional content and expressed associative knowledge and interpersonal synchrony has been scarcely investigated so far. This study addresses this research gap by bridging recent advances in cognitive neuroscience data, affective computing, and cognitive data science frameworks. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning, prefrontal neural data were collected during social interactions involving 84 participants (i.e., 42 dyads) aged 18-35 years. Wavelet transform coherence was used to assess interpersonal neural synchrony between participants. We used manual transcription of dialogues and automated methods to codify transcriptions as emotional levels and syntactic/semantic networks. Our quantitative findings reveal higher than random expectations levels of interpersonal neural synchrony in the superior frontal gyrus (q = .038) and the bilateral middle frontal gyri (q< .001, q< .001). Linear mixed models based on dialogues' emotional content only significantly predicted interpersonal neural synchrony across the prefrontal cortex (Rmarginal2=3.62%). Conversely, models relying on syntactic/semantic features were more effective at the local level, for predicting brain synchrony in the right middle frontal gyrus (Rmarginal2=9.97%). Generally, models based on the emotional content of dialogues were not effective when limited to data from one region of interest at a time, whereas models based on syntactic/semantic features show the opposite trend, losing predictive power when incorporating data from all regions of interest. Moreover, we found an interplay between emotions and associative knowledge in predicting brain synchrony, providing quantitative support to the major role played by these linguistic components in social interactions and in prefrontal processes. Our study identifies a mind-brain duality in emotions and associative knowledge reflecting neural synchrony levels, opening new ways for investigating human interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Carollo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.
| | - Massimo Stella
- CogNosco Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Mengyu Lim
- Psychology Program, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore
| | - Andrea Bizzego
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.
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Peng H, Ge Q, Xu T, He Y, Xu L, Yang Y, Wu S, He J, Si J. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation frequency influences the hemodynamic responses in patients with disorders of consciousness. Neurosci Res 2025; 213:72-85. [PMID: 39922287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/04/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) emerges as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique for the treatment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). The selection of rTMS parameters significantly influences the clinical therapeutic effects. However, the differences in spatiotemporal responsiveness of the brain under different rTMS stimulation frequencies remain unclear. In this pilot study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to evaluate the spatiotemporal differences in hemodynamic responses elicited by rTMS at different frequencies (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Hz) over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3). The results showed that the distribution patterns of the rTMS-evoked hemodynamic responses varied across different frequencies, indicating that rTMS frequency influences the hemodynamic responses in patients with DOC. Specifically, 10 Hz rTMS evoked strong positive hemodynamic responses over the frontal cortex, particularly in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC). Additionally, 20 Hz rTMS produced largepositive hemodynamic responses over the motor-related cortex, especially the right premotor cortex (R-PreM) and right primary sensorimotor cortex (PSMC). The current findings suggested that fNIRS can be used as a promising tool for evaluating the effects of rTMS in patients with DOC. Moreover, it provides useful guidance for the personalized design of rTMS parameters in a clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Qianqian Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Tianshuai Xu
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yifang He
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Sijin Wu
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jianghong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.
| | - Juanning Si
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China.
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Chua DMN, Chan KMK. Cortical Activation during Swallowing Exercise Tasks: an fNIRS Pilot Study. Dysphagia 2025; 40:327-335. [PMID: 38980390 PMCID: PMC11893666 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-024-10730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This pilot study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine brain activity in selected regions of the left motor and sensory cortex while doing swallowing-related tasks. Specifically, differences in cortical activation during normal saliva swallows, effortful swallows, and tongue pressing were investigated. Nine healthy, right-handed adults (5 female, 4 male; Age: 22-30 years) were recruited. The tasks included were (1) normal saliva swallowing, (2) effortful saliva swallowing, and (3) lingual pressing against the palate. Each task was completed three times in a block, for a total of five blocks. Blocks were randomized and presented with set time intervals using PsychoPy. Motor activity was highest during effortful swallows, followed by normal swallows, and lingual presses. Activation in the sensory region was not significantly different across tasks; however, effortful swallows elicited the highest mean peak activation. Our findings suggest that fNIRS can be a viable imaging method used to examine differences in cortical activity in the context of swallowing. Its applicability in future dysphagia research should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Mae N Chua
- Swallowing Research Laboratory, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, 7/F, Meng Wah Complex, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Man-Kei Chan
- Swallowing Research Laboratory, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, 7/F, Meng Wah Complex, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Livinț-Popa L, Dragoș H, Vlad I, Dăbală V, Chelaru V, Ștefănescu E, Crecan-Suciu B, Mureșanu D. New Horizons in Neuroscience: The Summer School of Brain Mapping and Stimulation Techniques. J Med Life 2025; 18:265-269. [PMID: 40405926 PMCID: PMC12094304 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2025-1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Livinț-Popa
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Hanna Dragoș
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Vlad
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Victor Dăbală
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Chelaru
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emanuel Ștefănescu
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Crecan-Suciu
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dafin Mureșanu
- Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ma G, Eng AE, Chiang SK, Hao F, McIntyre RS, Zhou D, Yang Y, Ho RC, Yam KC. A comparative diagnostic study using clinical and multimodal assessment, including functional neuroimaging and oculomotricity tools, to differentiate ADHD in young patients from healthy control group. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2025; 79:165-175. [PMID: 39901842 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 01/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/05/2025]
Abstract
AIM Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist into adulthood, with no established objective diagnostic tool yet. This study aims to propose a multimodal objective assessment tool involving clinical assessments, functional neuroimaging, and oculomotricity measurement for ADHD in young adults. METHODS Seventy-one medication-naïve patients and 71 healthy controls (HCs) aged 18 to 28 underwent clinical interviews, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) questionnaire, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), oculomotricity task, and Conners' Continuous Performance Task (CPT) 3rd edition. Student's t-tests with Bonferroni's correction were performed to compare the performance between groups, and logistic regression was used for classification. RESULTS ADHD patients had significantly lower frontal hemodynamic response during verbal fluency task (VFT) (P = 0.0003), more anticipatory eye movements during overlap task (P = 0.0006), higher latency (P < 0.0001), anticipatory (P < 0.0001), and errors (P < 0.0001) during anti-saccade task, as well as higher commission errors (P < 0.0001) and standard deviation in hit reaction time (HRT) (P = 0.0018). The multivariate logistic regression model featuring these seven parameters from the three objective tests (fNIRS-VFT, oculomotricity, and CPT) yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.892 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.840-0.944), with sensitivity and specificity of 80.28% and 84.51%, respectively. CONCLUSION This multimodal assessment offered an accurate diagnostic tool for ADHD in young adults and laid the foundation for future machine-learning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocan Ma
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Functional Near Infrared Stectroscopy, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alexander E Eng
- Department of Organizational Behaivior, Asia School of Business, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Kiat Chiang
- Division of Functional Near Infrared Stectroscopy, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fengyi Hao
- Division of Functional Near Infrared Stectroscopy, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dewen Zhou
- Cognitive and Developmental Psychology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- The Medical Department, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Roger C Ho
- Division of Functional Near Infrared Stectroscopy, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Life Science (LIFS), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Kai Chi Yam
- Department of Management and Organization, NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Iester C, Banzhaf C, Eldably A, Schopp B, Fallgatter AJ, Bonzano L, Bove M, Ehlis AC, Barth B. NINFA: Non-commercial interface for neuro-feedback acquisitions. NEUROPHOTONICS 2025; 12:026601. [PMID: 40370478 PMCID: PMC12077575 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.12.2.026601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Significance In recent years, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has gained increasing attention in the field of neurofeedback. However, there is a lack of freely accessible tools for research in this area that reflect the state of the art in research and technology. Aim To address this need, we introduce Non-commercial Interface for Neuro-Feedback Acquisitions (NINFA), a user-friendly and flexible freely available neurofeedback application for real-time fNIRS, which is also open to other modalities such as electroencephalography (EEG). Approach NINFA was developed in MATLAB and the lab streaming layer connection offers maximum flexibility in terms of combination with different fNIRS or EEG acquisition software and hardware. Results The user-friendly interface allows measurements without requiring programming expertise. New neurofeedback protocols can be easily created, saved, and retrieved. We provide an example code for real-time data preprocessing and visual feedback; however, users can customize or expand it with appropriate programming skills. Conclusions NINFA enables real-time recording, analysis, and feedback of brain signals. We were able to demonstrate the stability and reliability of the computational performance of preprocessing and analysis methods in the current version. NINFA is intended as an application that can, should, and may evolve with the help of contributions from the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Iester
- University of Genoa, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ahmed Eldably
- University Hospital, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, Tübingen Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Betti Schopp
- University Hospital, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, Tübingen Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Fallgatter
- University Hospital, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, Tübingen Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Partner site Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tübingen, LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laura Bonzano
- University of Genoa, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Bove
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- University of Genoa, Section of Human Physiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- University Hospital, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, Tübingen Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Partner site Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tübingen, LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Beatrix Barth
- University Hospital, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, Tübingen Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Partner site Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tübingen, LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, Tübingen, Germany
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Zhang W, Liu J, Hu F, Liu Y, Kan C. Modulatory mechanisms of long-term volleyball practice on visuospatial working memory capacity: an fNIRS study. PeerJ 2025; 13:e19153. [PMID: 40183049 PMCID: PMC11967431 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.19153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Visuospatial working memory capacity is crucial for daily life and various cognitive processes. Previous studies have shown that physical training not only improves physical fitness but also visual visuospatial working memory capacity. However, few studies have explored visuospatial working memory improvement and brain plasticity changes with long-term volleyball exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to gain insight into whether there is a relationship between long-term volleyball practice and visuospatial working memory and the effects on the prefrontal lobes of the brain. Methods Neural correlates of visuospatial working memory in elite (n = 23; raining age mean: 8.27 ± 1.75 years; age: 21.07 ± 1.58 years) and novice (n = 23; raining age mean: 1.81 ± 0.56 years; age: 20.53 ± 1.36 years) volleyball athletes are examined to uncover potential skill-based differences. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data from 46 participants performing visuospatial working memory test reveal compelling results. Results Compared with the novice group, the experts showed a higher accuracy rate (ACC) (p = 0.021) and shorter reaction time (RT) (p = 0.019) in the visuospatial working memory test. fNIRS data showed increased oxygen activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) and the right frontal region (p < 0.05). Conclusions Studies have shown that long-term volleyball training can significantly enhance individuals' visuospatial working memory capacity. This enhancement was mainly reflected in the fact that athletes who participated in long-term volleyball training demonstrated faster operational processing speed and higher accuracy in visuospatial working memory tasks, and plasticity changes in dorsolateral prefrontal and prefrontal pole regions. We also found no significant linear relationship between specific brain activation and behavioral performance in expert athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaan’Xi, China
| | - Jingru Liu
- Physical Education Department, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaan’Xi, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaan’Xi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaan’Xi, China
| | - Chao Kan
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaan’Xi, China
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Zhang X, Liu D, Li J, Zheng X, Zhou S, Elhai JD, Montag C, Yang H. Prefrontal cortex responses to game rewards and losses in individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder: Insights from fNIRS during mobile gameplay. J Behav Addict 2025; 14:347-360. [PMID: 39841152 PMCID: PMC11974425 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2024.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to explore the brain activity characteristics of individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) during mobile gameplay, focusing on neural responses to positive and negative game events. The findings may enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying IGD. Methods Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure hemodynamic responses (HbO/HbR) in the prefrontal cortex of both IGD participants and recreational gaming users (RGU), during solo and multiplayer mobile gameplay. Results In solo mode, IGD participants exhibited stronger activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dLPFC), frontopolar area (FPA), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in response to positive events compared to RGU. Negative events led to reduced activation in the FPA among IGD participants. In multiplayer mode, IGD participants displayed lower activation in the dLPFC and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vLPFC), although overall brain response trends to positive and negative events were similar between IGD and RGU. Conclusions This study suggests that individuals with IGD exhibit heightened sensitivity to rewards and diminished sensitivity to losses, along with potential impairments in the executive control network. These results contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms of IGD and offer insights for developing targeted interventions aimed at addressing abnormal reward and loss processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Shutong Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jon D. Elhai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Haibo Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin 300387, China
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Ma WJ, Yuan RC, Peng ZY, Wu Q, Al-Matary M, Yang HS, Cheng P, Zhao GJ, Lu CC, Zhang YX, Hong JK, Li WH. Mood symptoms, cognitive function, and changes of brain hemodynamics in patients with COVID-19: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15:100112. [PMID: 40109999 PMCID: PMC11886312 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience emotional issues and cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether the brain mediates the impact of COVID-19 on the emergence of psychopathological symptoms. It remains unclear whether anxiety and depression are caused by stressors or viral infection. AIM To use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to detect cortical hemodynamic changes in patients with COVID-19 and their relationship with mental symptoms (mainly depression and anxiety), to investigate whether COVID-19 causes these changes by affecting brain function. METHODS A total of 58 subjects, comprising 29 patients with first acute COVID-19 infection and 29 healthy controls without COVID-19 infection and without anxiety or depression were recruited. Then cortical activation during the performance of the verbal fluency test (VFT) and brain connectivity during the resting state (rs) were evaluated by 53-channel fNIRS. For the COVID-19-infected group, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess the emotional state before fNIRS measures. RESULTS For the rs, compared to the uninfected group, the infected group exhibited lower rs functional connectivity (FC) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was correlated with both the PHQ score and GAD score. During the VFT, the infected group exhibited significantly lower cortical activation than the uninfected group in both Broca-left and Broca-right. Besides, the integral value in the DLPFC-L showed a significant negative correlation with the PHQ-9 score during the VFT in the infected group. CONCLUSION There were significant differences in the bilateral Broca area and DLPFC between the COVID-19-infected and uninfected groups, which may be the reason why COVID-19 infection impairs cognitive function and language function and leads to psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the rsFC in patients with COVID-19 was positively correlated with the severity of depression and anxiety, which may be related to the fact that the mental symptoms of patients with COVID-19 are characterized by depression and anxiety, rather than depression or anxiety alone. Our study provides evidence that the psychological and emotional issues caused by COVID-19 are not only due to external social factors but also involve more direct brain neural mechanisms and abnormal neural circuits, which also provide insights into the future treatment and prognosis of individuals with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ruo-Chao Yuan
- Research Center of Educational Neuroscience, School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zi-Yu Peng
- Department of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Manal Al-Matary
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hui-Shu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guang-Ju Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chao-Chao Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yue-Xin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia-Kun Hong
- Guigang Medical District of No. 923 Hospital, PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Guigang 537000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei-Hui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
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Yang L, Wang Z. Applications and advances of combined fMRI-fNIRs techniques in brain functional research. Front Neurol 2025; 16:1542075. [PMID: 40170894 PMCID: PMC11958174 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1542075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Understanding the intricate functions of the human brain requires multimodal approaches that integrate complementary neuroimaging techniques. This review systematically examines the integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRs) in brain functional research, addressing their synergistic potential, methodological advancements, clinical and neuroscientific applications, and persistent challenges. We conducted a comprehensive literature review of 63 studies (from PubMed and Web of Science up to September 2024) using keyword combinations such as fMRI, fNIRs, and multimodal imaging. Our analysis reveals three key findings: (1) Methodological Synergy: Combining fMRI's high spatial resolution with fNIRs's superior temporal resolution and portability enables robust spatiotemporal mapping of neural activity, validated across motor, cognitive, and clinical tasks. Additionally, this study examines experimental paradigms and data processing techniques essential for effective multimodal neuroimaging. (2) Applications: The review categorizes integration methodologies into synchronous and asynchronous detection modes, highlighting their respective applications in spatial localization, validation of efficacy, and mechanism discovery. Synchronous and asynchronous integration modes have advanced research in neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, Alzheimer's), social cognition, and neuroplasticity, while novel hyperscanning paradigms extend applications to naturalistic, interactive settings. (3) Challenges: Hardware incompatibilities (e.g., electromagnetic interference in MRI environments), experimental limitations (e.g., restricted motion paradigms), and data fusion complexities hinder widespread adoption. The future direction emphasizes hardware innovation (such as fNIR probe compatible with MRI), standardized protocol and data integration driven by machine learning, etc. to solve the depth limitation of fNIR and infer subcortical activities. This synthesis underscores the transformative potential of fMRI-fNIRs integration in bridging spatial and temporal gaps in neuroimaging, while enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and paving the way for future innovations in brain research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beihang University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China
- National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices, Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beihang University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China
- National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices, Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China
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Fagerland SM, Løve A, Helliesen TK, Martinsen ØG, Revheim ME, Endestad T. Method for Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to Explore Music-Induced Brain Activation in Orchestral Musicians in Concert. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 25:1807. [PMID: 40292950 PMCID: PMC11946166 DOI: 10.3390/s25061807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
The act of performing music may induce a specific state of mind, musicians potentially becoming immersed and detached from the rest of the world. May this be measured? Does this state of mind change based on repetition? In collaboration with Stavanger Symphony Orchestra (SSO), we developed protocols to investigate ongoing changes in the brain activation of a first violinist and a second violinist in real time during seven sequential, public concerts using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Using wireless fNIRS systems (Brite MKII) from Artinis, we measured ongoing hemodynamic changes and projected the brain activation to the audience through the software OxySoft 3.5.15.2. We subsequently developed protocols for further analyses through the Matlab toolboxes Brainstorm and Homer2/Homer3. Our developed protocols demonstrate how one may use "functional dissection" to imply how the state of mind of musicians may alter while performing their art. We focused on a subset of cortical regions in the right hemisphere, but the current study demonstrates how fNIRS may be used to shed light on brain dynamics related to producing art in ecological and natural contexts on a general level, neither restricted to the use of musical instrument nor art form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maude Fagerland
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time, and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway; (A.L.); (T.E.)
| | - Andreas Løve
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time, and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway; (A.L.); (T.E.)
| | | | - Ørjan Grøttem Martinsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tor Endestad
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time, and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway; (A.L.); (T.E.)
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, 8657 Mosjøen, Norway
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Anderson JE, Carlton L, Kura S, O’Brien WJ, Rogers D, Rahimi P, Farzam PY, Zaman MH, Boas DA, Yücel MA. High-Density Multi-Distance fNIRS Enhances Detection of Brain Activity during a Word-Color Stroop Task. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.03.12.642917. [PMID: 40161819 PMCID: PMC11952576 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.12.642917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Significance Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables neuroimaging in scenarios where other modalities are less suitable, such as during motion tasks or in low-resource environments. Sparse fNIRS arrays with 30mm channel spacing are widely used but have limited spatial resolution. High-density (HD) arrays with overlapping, multi-distance channels improve sensitivity and localization but increase costs and setup times. A statistical comparison of HD and sparse arrays is needed for evaluating the benefits and trade-offs of HD arrays. Aim This study provides a statistical comparison of HD and sparse fNIRS performance to inform array selection in future research. Approach We measured prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation during congruent and incongruent Word-Color Stroop (WCS) tasks using both Sparse and HD arrays for 17 healthy adult participants, comparing dorsolateral PFC channel and image results at the group level. Results While both arrays detected activation in channel space during incongruent WCS, channel and image space results demonstrated superior localization and sensitivity with the HD array for all WCS. Conclusions Sparse channel data may suitably detect activation from cognitively demanding tasks, like incongruent WCS. However, the HD array outperformed Sparse in detecting and localizing brain activity in image space, particularly during lower cognitive load tasks, making them more suitable for neuroimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Anderson
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Laura Carlton
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Walker J. O’Brien
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, USA
| | - De’Ja Rogers
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Parisa Rahimi
- Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Parya Y. Farzam
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Muhammad H. Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - David A. Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
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Kojima S, Usui N, Uehata A, Inatsu A, Chiba Y, Hisadome H, Suzuki Y, Nakata J, Tsubaki A. Acute Effect of Moderate-Intensity Interval Intradialytic Exercise on Cerebral Oxygenation in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 2025:00001751-990000000-00584. [PMID: 40071762 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive dysfunction in hemodialysis patients is associated with a decrease in regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2). Intradialytic exercise improves cognitive function; nonetheless, the acute effect of intradialytic exercise on cerebral circulation remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of intradialytic exercise on rSO2 during hemodialysis. Methods This single-center, open-label, randomized crossover trial included 20 hemodialysis patients. Patients received the control condition as usual care and the intradialytic exercise condition in random order. The intradialytic exercise condition involved the performance of anaerobic threshold–intensity interval exercise for 35 minutes. Cerebral oxygenation (rSO2, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and total hemoglobin) in the prefrontal cortex was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy during hemodialysis. Cardiovascular responses, including the heart rate, cardiac index, mean arterial pressure, and blood gas, were also assessed. The two conditions were compared using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results The analysis included 16 patients, four of whom were excluded because of artifacts in the cerebral oxygenation data. The rSO2 (P < 0.001), oxygenated hemoglobin (P < 0.001), and total hemoglobin (P = 0.004) showed significant interactions and were increased at end of exercise (rSO2, 1.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5 to 2.1; oxygenated hemoglobin, 0.01 mM; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.02; total hemoglobin, 0.01 mM; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.03) and 15 minutes after exercise (rSO2, 1.1%; 95% CI, 0.2 to 2.0; oxygenated hemoglobin, 0.01 mM; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.03; total hemoglobin, 0.02 mM; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.03) in the intradialytic exercise condition compared with the control condition. The rSO2 at the end of hemodialysis in the control condition was significantly decreased compared with that during predialysis (−1.5%; 95% CI, −2.7 to −0.3), but not in the intradialytic exercise condition (−1.2%; 95% CI, −2.8 to 0.5). Conclusions Intradialytic exercise significantly increased rSO2 during and after exercise and improved rSO2 to the same extent as predialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kojima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kisen Hospital, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Naoto Usui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kisen Hospital, Katsushika, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Akimi Uehata
- Division of Cardiology, Kisen Hospital, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Akihito Inatsu
- Division of Nephrology, Kisen Hospital, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Yasuo Chiba
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Kisen Hospital, Katsushika, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Junichiro Nakata
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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Liu N, Yang L, Yao X, Luo Y. From light to insight: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy for unravelling cognitive impairment during task performance. Biosci Trends 2025; 19:53-71. [PMID: 39864831 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2024.01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment refers to the impairment of higher brain functions such as perception, thinking or memory that affects the individual's ability to perform daily or social activities. Studies have found that changes in neuronal activity during tasks in patients with cognitive impairment are closely related to changes in cerebral cortical hemodynamics. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is an indirect method to measure neural activity based on changes in blood oxygen concentration in the cerebral cortex. Due to its strong anti-motion interference, high compatibility, and almost no restriction on participants and environment, it has shown great potential in the research field of cognitive impairment. Recognizing these benefits, this comprehensive review systematically elucidates the rationale, historical development, advantages and disadvantages of functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and also discusses the applications of combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy with other detection techniques. Additionally, this review summarized how functional near-infrared spectroscopy can be applied to cognitive impairment caused by different diseases, ultimately aiding the study of neural mechanisms of cognitive activities, which is crucial for the diagnosis, differentiation and treatment of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuqing Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Chongqing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Krelove LM, Mochizuki G. The effect of distraction and feedback on prefrontal cortex activity and balance in middle-aged adults: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy pilot study. Neuroscience 2025; 568:333-342. [PMID: 39855290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Maintaining balance while simultaneously performing other tasks is common during everyday activities. However, this dual-tasking (DT) divides attention and increases cognitive demand, which can be detrimental to stability in older adults. It is unknown if the focus of attention influences how a dual-task affects balance and whether this is detectable in middle-aged adults. This study investigates the effect of dual-task and attentional focus on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in young (YA) and middle-aged (MA) adults using functional-near infrared spectroscopy. Blood oxygen level of the PFC was measured during a quiet standing cognitive-motor dual-task where MA (n = 15, mean age 57.2 ± 4.8 years, 5 female) and YA (n = 20, mean age 24.9 ± 4.7 years, 9 female) stood on a forceplate while either fixating their gaze on a target ('fixed') or viewing their real-time postural oscillations in the anteroposterior direction ('sway') with and without serial 7 subtractions. It was expected that the MA group would show higher PFC activity, larger COP excursions, and poorer performance during DT than the YA group. PFC activity was larger during DT and during the fixed condition but did not differ between groups. COP excursion was also greater when attention was 'fixed' and was consistently larger in MA. MA drove a positive correlation between PFC activity and COP excursion during DT indicative of a higher attentional demand during distraction. Taken together, this study suggests that PFC processing and posture control are different in middle aged adults compared to young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maureen Krelove
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - George Mochizuki
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada.
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Yu J, Liu B, Ruan C, Cao H, Fu R, Ren Z. Association between the focus of attention and brain activation pattern during golf putting task in amateur and novice: A fNIRS study. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2025; 77:102793. [PMID: 39638019 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE External focus of attention (FOA) has been shown to improve motor performance. However, recent research has found that the effectiveness of FOA is related to the level of expertise. Therefore, this study examined the effects of FOA on putting performance in golfers of different levels of expertise. The neural mechanisms behind FOA were explored in conjunction with fNIRS. METHOD A total of 30 participants, including 15 amateurs (Mage: 23.31(SD = 1.32)years; 15 males) and 15 novices (Mage: 22.69(SD = 1.55) years; 11 males; 4 females) were recruited. Participants completed EF and IF golf putting at a duration of 3s per time wearing fNIRS for 3 blocks of 30 s interspersed with 10-s rest blocks. RESULT Behavioral results showed a significant difference in the putting performance of the amateur group under the EF condition compared to the IF condition (P = 0.019), and relative to novices, the amateur group performed better under the EF condition (P = 0.003). fNIRS results revealed that the amateur group had higher activation levels in the right somatosensory association cortex (RSAC) and right motor cortex (RMC) under the IF condition. In contrast, for the novice group, higher activation levels were observed in the left prefrontal cortex and RMC under the EF condition. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed SAC and MC over-activation in the amateur group under IF conditions with poor golf putting performance. Our findings suggest that the impairment of automated motor neural networks could be a possible mechanism by which IF affects motor performance with SAC and MC over-activation. Guiding novices to focus on task-related factors consciously could be a potential mechanism by which EF enhances motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Yu
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Caixian Ruan
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hong Cao
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhanbing Ren
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Harel-Arbeli T, Shaposhnik H, Palgi Y, Ben-David BM. Taking the Extra Listening Mile: Processing Spoken Semantic Context Is More Effortful for Older Than Young Adults. Ear Hear 2025; 46:315-324. [PMID: 39219019 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults use semantic context to generate predictions in speech processing, compensating for aging-related sensory and cognitive changes. This study aimed to gauge aging-related changes in effort exertion related to context use. DESIGN The study revisited data from Harel-Arbeli et al. (2023) that used a "visual-world" eye-tracking paradigm. Data on efficiency of context use (response latency and the probability to gaze at the target before hearing it) and effort exertion (pupil dilation) were extracted from a subset of 14 young adults (21 to 27 years old) and 13 older adults (65 to 79 years old). RESULTS Both age groups showed a similar pattern of context benefits for response latency and target word predictions, however only the older adults group showed overall increased pupil dilation when listening to context sentences. CONCLUSIONS Older adults' efficient use of spoken semantic context appears to come at a cost of increased effort exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami Harel-Arbeli
- Department of Gerontology, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
- Communication, Aging and Neuropsychology Lab, Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
- Department of Communication Disorders, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel
| | - Hagit Shaposhnik
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boaz M Ben-David
- Communication, Aging and Neuropsychology Lab, Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Networks, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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50
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Kemoun G, Jimenez D, Nierat MC, Wattiez N, Bachasson D, Mayaux J, Lecronier M, Similowski T, Demoule A, Dres M, Decavèle M. [Dyspnea and cortical brain activation measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy during a mechanical ventilation weaning trial]. Rev Mal Respir 2025; 42:138-142. [PMID: 40021391 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2025.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2025]
Abstract
In intubated patients in intensive care, respiratory-related brain suffering is frequent and harmful. Its detection and quantification rely on the patient's self-reporting abilities. However, half of the patients in intensive care are unable to report their sensations. Observational scales are promising alternative tools to suspect respiratory suffering in these patients. However, they still partially depend on subjective evaluation. The aim of the study is to assess brain activity measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy in intubated patients, whether dyspneic or not, during a spontaneous breathing trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kemoun
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - D Jimenez
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M C Nierat
- Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N Wattiez
- Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - D Bachasson
- Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J Mayaux
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - M Lecronier
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - T Similowski
- Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Département R3S, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - A Demoule
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M Dres
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M Decavèle
- Service de médecine intensive et réanimation (département R3S), AP-HP, 26930, groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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